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Also, Too And Moreover In A Novel By Dorothy L. Sayers, Stephen H. Levinsohn

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

When Dorothy Sayers uses also in her novel The Documents in the Case, this indicates that the material that is added is at least as important as that to which it is added. She uses moreover, as Blakemore (1987) has observed, to indicate that the material that is added provides further evidence for a recently stated conclusion. Too is the 'elsewhere' additive. Sayers uses it when the information that is added confirms or contradicts a previous utterance or assumption. She also uses it when the material concerned is of lesser or greater importance than that to which it …

Frequency Of Phrasal Verbs In Spoken English, Tatiana V. Bizon

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This study examined occurrence of phrasal verbs in spoken English as evidenced in a popular American TV talk show and revealed to what extent phrasal verbs in spoken English are taught/reflected in ESL idioms books. The design of the present study consisted of four steps: a preliminary teacher survey, collecting and analyzing data of spoken and written English, determining two frequency lists, and comparing the two lists. The teacher e-mail survey was conducted to determine the role of phrasal verbs in ESL curricula and what the most popular idioms books for teaching phrasal verbs to ESL students are. For the …

Attitudes At The Bank : A Survey Of Reactions To Different Varieties Of English, Sean Wilcox

Dissertations and Theses

In the modem world of international communication, it is more common for speakers of different varieties of English to come into contact with each other on a daily basis. This can occur not only in face to face communication, but in telephone communication as well.

This study investigates the attitudes towards a non-native or Expanding Circle (ECE) variety of English held by telephone customer service representatives at a large American financial institution. The central question of this study asks whether or not these telephone representatives will rate a speaker of a Korean-accented variety of English higher or lower than a …

An Analysis Of Local Internet Relay Chat, It Ting Beh

Student Works (2000-2009)

This study first examined the language convention features (emoticon and typographic) employed by the Internet Relay Chat (IRC) participants. Second, it examined the code-switching patterns and the communicative purposes in Malaysian IRC. Third, it analysed whether the strategies of the openings and closings are transferred from face-to-face communication to IRC. Six extracts, one-hour chat each, from the #mamak channel were analyzed to identify the above. Moreover, questionnaires were administered to five faculties in University of Malaya to support some of the findings. Sacks, Schegloff, and Jefferson's (1974) adjacency pair model and sequential location modeI were used as the framework to …

Lg-Soar: Parsing For Information, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Merrill Hutchison, Tim Richards, William Taysom

Faculty Publications

Mine content from problematic text

Address complicated linguistic issues

Output information into a usable format

Integrate components within an agent architecture

Spanish Epenthesis: Formal And Preformance Perspectives, David Eddington

Faculty Publications

Epenthesis of /e/ before sC- clusters in Spanish is documented word-initially (e.g., eJfera) as well as in word-internal contexts (e.g., subestimar). Cases of alternating epenthesis also exist (e.g., arteriosclerosis I arterioeclerosis). Epe nthesis is examined in the formal frameworks of lexical phonology and optimality theory. Both formal analyses are able to account for the majority of the data presented, however, each requires some arguably ad hoc manipulation in order to do so. From a performance standpoint, it is argued that epenthesis plays no role in the processing of native Spanish words. The appearance of epenthesis in loan words (e.g., stress …

Surface Analogy And Spelling Rules In English Vowel Alterations, David Eddington

Faculty Publications

Previous psycholinguistic research into the English vocalic system suggest that the vowel alternations [ei-re, ii-£, ai-1, ow- a, u"-A], termed SPELLING RULE ALTERNATIONS, are psychologically significant for English speakers, in that they can influence the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. In this paper, the influence of these salient alternations on nonce words and neologisms is assessed. The effect of su1face analogy on the pronunciation of novel words is also examined. Surface analogy may be defined as the influence exerted by the fu lly specified surface forms of the morphemic relatives of a word. It assumes that all allomorphs of a given …

Hebrew Thought: Its Implications For Christian Education, Ferdinand O. Regalado

Journal of the Adventist Theological Society

No abstract provided.

L1 Lexical, Morphological And Morphosyntactic Attrition In Greek-English Bilinguals, Linda Ann Pelc

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study investigated first language attrition in Greek-English bilinguals. Three areas of attrition were identified and tested in grammaticality judgment tasks. They include the lexical, morpholexical and morphosyntactic domains of Greek. Rejection of Greek grammatical sentences and acceptance of English grammatical sentences characterize the attrited state of these bilinguals.

The first area of attrition involves metaphorical senses of perno, 'take,' and spazo, 'break.' These verbs were chosen for this study because of the wide range of senses or meanings associated with them. As predicted, metaphorical senses were found to be vulnerable to attrition.

Another form of lexical attrition comprises opaque …

Agrammatic Verb Errors In Spanish Speakers And Their Normal Discourse Correlates, Jose G. Centeno, Loraine Obler

Publications and Research

Agrammatic verb errors are characterized by a reliance on simple verb forms without elaborated inflectional markings. Yet agrammatism studies on verbs have not addressed the possible correlations that might exist between pre-morbid verb use patterns and agrammatic verb production, especially frequency in oral discourse. Spanish, a language with a highly inflected verb system, is a useful context to explore this interaction. This study investigated agrammatic and normal verb use for those Spanish verb tenses found in daily conversation (Silva-Corval/m, 1983; Bentivoglio and Sedano, 1992). We analyzed agrammatic verb performance in spoken discourse and a sentence repetition task, and compared it …

An Analysis Of Nominal Groups In Inspirational Writings : A Systemic-Functional Approach, Wai To Wong

Student Works (2000-2009)

The Nominal Group (NG), which carries lexical content, is part of a clause that contains nouns, determiners, numerals, epithets, classifiers and qualifiers. This paper gives an overview of how NGs function in response to the concepts found in inspirational writings with Christian themes. The NGs are selected from five different sources on such writings. The NGs are quantitatively and qualitatively described and analysed in both their logical and experiential structures. The theoretical foundations of Systemic Functional Grammar are adapted for use, following the framework espoused by M A K Halliday (1994), for the NG analysis. The NGs are first demarcated, …

A Study Of The Composing Skills Among Learners In A Chinese School, Kam Mee Foo

Student Works (2000-2009)

Composition writing has always been an integral part of the English Language curriculum in all schools. However, after years of practice in writing composition, many of our students are still weak in their composing skills. This study looks into the problems of composition writing among learners in a Chinese school. The instruments used in this study were two sets of questionnaires and to supplement and verify data obtained from questionnaire, structured interviews were conducted and sample of students' marked compositions were collected. Data obtained was analyzed via triangulation. The main findings revealed that there is very little direct teaching of …

A Study Of Stipulative Terms In Conversational Malaysian English, Aileen Cheng Cheng Ng

Student Works (2000-2009)

Malaysian English as a new variety of English is constantly changing and evolving due to the influence of culture and ethnicity in Malaysia. Although fast developing and expanding into various domains such as home, office and recreation, it has not gained recognition in the international arena of Linguistics since it is still a relatively new field. Regardless of the researches that have been conducted on Malaysian English, this new variety of English has not exactly been viewed in a positive light. Foreigners and Malaysians alike have regarded Malaysian English as a substandard variety of English, often equating it with broken …

A Genre Analysis Of Advertisements In A Local Newspaper, Moi Moi Yong

Student Works (2000-2009)

This study attempts to investigate the organisation of advenisements on private institutions of higher learning taken from 'The Star' daily and to provide a descriptive account of how the advertisements are structured Twenty advertisements on different private institutions of higher learning are selected and analysed using the nine move structure analysis adapted by S. Kathpalia (1992). This genre based move structure is employed as a format to study the structure of these advertisements. It is revealed that there is a uniform pattern of organisation of the elements in the advertisements. An eight move structure is identified. It is also found …

The Role And Status Of English Among The Urban Punjabis In Malaysia, Kamila Devi Jai Dev Kundra

Student Works (2000-2009)

This is a study of the role and status of the English language among the minority ethnic group of Punjabis, with special reference to the urban Punjabis in Malaysia. The purpose of this study is to show how and why English has become so important among this minority group. The Punjabis in Malaysia speak a language, which is a mixture of Punjabi and Hindi or as Khubchandini (1963) points out 'Kari Boli'. According to Khubchandini, the reason this happens is because the spoken versions of Hindi and Punjabi are quite similar and as such, they are mutually intelligible to speakers …

The Influence Of Tamil Lexical Items In The English Spoken By Malaysian Tamils In The Domain Of Frienship, Kahlah Vathee Periasamy

Student Works (2000-2009)

Malaysian Tamils who speak English in the domain of friendship. The researcher divided the participants into three age groups so as to get a comprehensive data for the study. The three age groups are as shown:

i. 10-20 Year Age Group.

ii. 21-49 Year Age Group.

iii. 50 > Year Age Group.

The researcher selected helpers from each of the group to aid in the recording of the English conversations of the participants. This was done in order to determine the influence of Tamil as well as Bahasa Melayu. and other lexical items in the English that the participants speak. The …

First Language Transfer Amongst Malay Students In National Primary Schools, Kien Cheng Yong

Student Works (2000-2009)

This study attempts to discover the influence of first language transfer on the production of written English. Since all the subjects are Malay students, their first language is likely Bahasa Melayu. Their second language is the English Language which is taught in their national primary schools. Besides that, this study also seeks to discover the types of errors involved in first language transfer, whether gender and the socioeconomic background of the subjects affect ESL learning. 194 Year 4 students from two national primary schools in Kajang, Selangor were involved in this study. They were given four sets of writing tasks …

Pemerolehan Dan Penguasaan Bahasa Di Kalangan Kanak-Kanak, Noor Azmira Mohamed

Student Works (2000-2009)

Kajian dilakukan untuk melihat tahap pemerolehan dan penguasaan bahasa di kalangan kanak-kanak yang berusia 2.6 tahun dan 3.7 tahun berdasarkan analisis am, analisis sintaksis dan semantik bahasa Melayu. Kedua-­dua sampel merupakan kanak-kanak Melayu yang mempunyai latar belakang bahasa yang sama iaitu dilahirkan dan dibesarkan di Kelantan. Oleh itu bahasa pertama kedua-dua mereka ialah bahasa Melayu dialek Kelantan. Oleh kerana kedua-dua sampel yang dipilih terdiri daripada kanak-kanak Melayu yang dibesarkan dalam masyarakat Melayu dan menggunakan bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa pertama dalam sebarang bentuk perhubungan, maka analisis bagi melihat tahap pemerolehan dan penguasaan bahasa di kalangan mereka juga akan dilakukan berdasarkan aspek-aspek …

An Analysis Of Verb Form Errors Of Chinese Esl Students, Yong Meng Kam

Student Works (2000-2009)

This study sets out to investigate the types of errors in the simple past and past progressive tenses found in the written English of 40 Form Four Chinese students of Sek. Men. Tanah Merah Site 'C', Negeri Sembilan. The errors are examined according to Corder's (1981) taxonomy of errors. In the essays, selection errors accounted for the highest percentage of simple past tense errors, followed by addition and then, omission errors. In the past progressive tense, the omission category has the highest occurrence of errors, followed by the selection category with no errors in the addition category. In the structured …

A Contrastive Cross-Cultural Study Of The Speech Act Of Correction In Egyptian Arabic And American English, Nadir Anis

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The present study is an empirical cross-cultural investigation of the speech act of correction in Egyptian Arabic and American English. The purpose of the study is to examine how and why Egyptians and U.S. Americans modify the illocutionary force of their corrections in terms of mitigation and aggravation in different speech situations. A Discourse Completion Task/Test (OCT) was used to elicit corrections from 30 Arabic-speaking Egyptians and 30 English-speaking U.S. Americans. All the respondents were either university students or university graduates between the ages of 18 and 35. The six situations used to elicit corrections represented different settings (e.g., classroom, …

An Operator-Based Account Of Semantic Processing, Deryle W. Lonsdale, C. Anton Rytting

Faculty Publications

This paper explores issues of psychological plausibility in modeling natural language understanding within Soar, a symbolic cognitive model. It focuses on constructing syntactic and semantic representations in simulated real time, with particular emphasis on word sense disambiguation (WSD). We discuss (i) what level of WSD should be modeled and (ii) how to use resources such as WordNet to inform these models. A preliminary model of coarse-grained WSD is included to show how syntactic, semantic, and other knowledge sources interact in Soar. Finally, we explore issues of interleaving, learning, and integrating other WSD approaches with Soar's native model of learning.

A Two-Level Implementation For Lushootseed Morphology, Deryle W. Lonsdale

Faculty Publications

This paper describes the implementatio of a computer system that processes Lushootseed word forms. Built on the two-level model and leveraging finite-state technology, the system is able both to parse surface forms to arives at the underlying morphemic decomposition, and to generate surface forms given such a representation. Components of the system are discussed including the lexicon architecture, rule formulation and specification, ans the word-structurer grammar. Issues relevant to processing Lushootseed are discussed including reduplication, allomorphic variation, inflectional and derivational affixation, and morphophonemic alternations.

Sentence Final Particles In Bisu Narrative, Kirk Roger Person

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

Particles are a vital component of many Asian languages. Nonetheless, they typically receive little treatment in grammatical studies. This may be due in part to the theoretical orientations of generative grammar which, intentionally or accidentally, can tend to skew data collection and analysis toward theory-predicted sentence alignments (Chu 1998, Chan 1999). In addition, the exact meaning and usage of many particles can be anything but obvious. Even educated native speakers often claim that particles are not “true words” and have no “real” meaning. This dissertation seeks to understand the inner workings of sentence final particles in the Bisu language of …

Participant Reference In Narrative Discourse: A Comparison Of Three Methodologies, Stephen A. Clark

Theses and Dissertations

In recent years several linguists have developed quantitative methods for analyzing and describing how speakers of languages refer to activated participants in narrative discourse. One of the first of these was Talmy Givon, whose method (referred to by some as the Recency/Distance method) measured three factors in participant reference: referential distance, potential interference, and persistence. A few years later, Russell Tomlin proposed an alternative model, which he labeled the Episode/Paragraph method. He felt that Givon's method fails to account for the fact that the thematic paragraphs or "episodes" found in narrative texts largely determine the amount of coding material used. …

Functional Projections Of Predicates: Experimental Evidence From Coordinate Structure Processing, Stanley William Dubinsky, Marie Egan, A. Rene Schumauder, Matthew J. Traxler

Faculty Publications

This paper reports the results of six experiments involving an on-line self-paced reading task that examine the processing of coordinate small clause predicate phrases versus coordinated arguments NPs. The results have particular significance for the analysis of small clause complement constructions, and support accounts wherein the small clause complement has an Agr projection associated with it. An adequate explanation of the processing of small clause coordination is shown to motivate a new parsing principle, Coordination Feature-matching, which accounts for the longer reading times observed for the coordination of predicates in small clause complements.

Effects Of Language Interpretation Services On Medical Visit Patterns Of Patients With Limited English Proficiency, Anita Marie Kay

Dissertations and Theses

Due largely to immigration, a growing proportion of the U.S. population does not speak English well enough to communicate with medical providers. Many research studies have described ways in which language differences can compromise health care quality and access for language minority groups, but professional interpreter services are rarely provided due to costs of services and to increasing cultural and linguistic diversity among patients with limited English proficiency (LEP). Some researchers have argued that costs of interpreter services could be offset through enabling LEP patients to maintain better health and use health services more cost-effectively, such as obtaining care in …

Language Attitudes And Academic Achievement: A Study Of Mexican Immigrant Esl Students In The Northwest, Julie Ann Cheshire

Dissertations and Theses

As the population of Mexican immigrant learners continues to increase in the Northwest, an understanding of the cultural, social and psychological realities of these students' lives becomes an ever more important issue for professional language educators, classroom teachers, and school administrators. Our understanding of the needs of these learners will have an important effect on how prepared they are to participate in academic situations and community life.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between language attitudes and ESL learning among young adult Mexican-immigrant learners in one community education program in the Northwest. Learners' values and beliefs …

Dialog Act Modeling For Automatic Tagging And Recognition Of Conversational Speech, Andreas Stolcke, Klaus Ries, Noah Coccaro, Elizabeth Shriberg, Rebecca Bates, Daniel Jurafsky, Paul Taylor, Rachel Martin, Carol Van Ess-Dykema, Marie Meteer

Integrated Engineering Department Publications

We describe a statistical approach for modeling dialogue acts in conversational speech, i.e., speech-act-like units such as Statement, Question, Back channel, Agreement, Disagreement, and Apology. Our model detects and predicts dialogue acts based on lexical, collocational, and prosodic cues, as well as on the discourse coherence of the dialogue act sequence. The dialogue model is based on treating the discourse structure of a conversation as a hidden Markov model and the individual dialogue acts as observations emanating from the model states. Constraints on the likely sequence of dialogue acts are modeled via a dialogue act n-gram. The statistical dialogue grammar …

Contingencies Governing The Production Of Fricatives, Affricates, And Liquids In Babbling, Christina E. Gildersleeve-Neumann, Barbara L. Davis, Peter F. Macneilage

Speech and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Studies of early-developing consonants (stops, nasals, and glides) in babbling have shown that most of the variance in consonants and their associated vowels, both within and between syllables, is due to a "frame" produced by mandibular oscillation, with very little active contribution from intrasyllabic or intersyllabic tongue movements. In a study of four babbling infants, the prediction that this apparently basic "frame dominance" would also apply to late-developing consonants (fricatives, affricates, and liquids) was tested. With minor exceptions, confirming evidence for both the predicted intrasyllabic and intersyllabic patterns was obtained. Results provide further evidence for the frame dominance conception, but …

A Discourse Analysis Of The 1998 United States Senate Candidates' Pre-Election Debates, Deborah Ann Johnson-Evans

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

Every two years, candidates for national-level public office participate in pre-election debates as part of their campaign. In debates, candidates attempt to distinguish themselves from their opponents and persuade the electorate to vote for them. Many researchers claim that debates are simple candidate performances orchestrated by the media, and discount the candidates' discourse as rehearsed sound bites and the candidates' interactions are simply “politics as usual.” The sense of being normal is what invites us to study the discourse that occurs in a situation imbued with the presentation of legitimated political power between individuals who seek legislative power. The present …