Labor Economics Commons^™

Institute Research And Public Policy On Disability, H. Allan Hunt

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

The Policy Implications Of Nonstandard Work Arrangements, Susan N. Houseman

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Testimony Before The Working Group On The Benefit Implications Of The Growth In The Contingent Workforce: U.S. Department Of Labor, Susan N. Houseman

Testimonies

No abstract provided.

The Des Analysis/Evaluation Plan: Task 4, Report 8, H. Allan Hunt, Kelly Derango, Richard V. Burkhauser, J. S. Butler, Westat, Inc., W.E. Upjohn Institute For Employment Research

Reports

No abstract provided.

Banking Fragility: Causes And Indicators With Application To The Egyptian Banking Sector During The Period 1980-1997, Nermine Ibrahim Al Saadany

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Implications Of Flexible Staffing Arrangements For Job Stability, Susan N. Houseman, Anne E. Polivka

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

In this paper, we examine the job stability of workers in a wide range of flexible staffing arrangements: agency temporary, direct-hire temporary, on-call, contract company, independent contractor, and regular part-time work. We draw upon two data sources in our analysis. The first is a nationwide survey of employers on their use of flexible staffing arrangements conducted by the Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. This survey provides evidence on why employers use various types of flexible staffing arrangements and the extent to which employers move workers in these positions into regular arrangements within their organization. The second data source is the …

"Targeting Employment Services" Conference, Randall W. Eberts, Christopher J. O'Leary, Stephen A. Wandner

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Will Welfare Reform Cause Displacement?, Timothy J. Bartik

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Economic Payoffs To Adult Education, Kevin Hollenbeck

Conference Papers

No abstract provided.

Kalamazoo County (Mi) Education For Employment Surveys, Kevin Hollenbeck, Irv Cumming

Conference Papers

No abstract provided.

Examining The Effect Of Industry Trends And Structure On Welfare Caseloads, Timothy J. Bartik, Randall W. Eberts

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Previous studies of the macro-economic determinants of welfare caseloads have had difficulty in explaining changes in welfare caseloads during the last decade or so using the simple macroeconomic measure of unemployment. Because welfare recipients will typically get entry-level jobs, employment variables that are closely related to job vacancies, such as employment growth, are also important in determining welfare caseloads, as we show empirically in this study. Recognizing that welfare recipients face more substantial barriers to employment than those who typically have more education and skills, we constructed several macro-economic variables that reflect the education requirements of industries and the predominance …

Promoting Self Employment Among The Unemployed In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

To evaluate the effectiveness of self-employment assistance to the unemployed in Hungary and Poland more than 5,500 follow-up interviews were conducted in early 1997 by employees of local labor offices with persons in self-employment participant and comparison group samples. Wide ranging differences were observed between the demographic composition of self-employment samples and the general population of unemployed. Program effects were therefore computed as net impact estimates controlling for systematic sample selection using observable characteristics including information on job search assistance from the employment service. While self-employment assistance yielded a favorable set of net impact estimates in both countries, there was …

Globalization, Migration And Class Struggles: Ngo Mobilization For Filipino Domestic Workers, Lisa Law, Kathy Nadeau

Anthropology Faculty Publications

This paper contributes to post-Marxist discussions on the relevance of class as a social category in a postmodern world. Rather than marginalize this issue of social positioning, the authors explore the relevance of an Althusserian perspective which acknowledges the importance of class as it articulates with other social/identity issues such as gender and ethnicity. The substantive context for this discussion is gendered labor migration from the Philippines, and the advocacy work conducted by Filipino non-government organizations (NGOs) working with migrants in Pacific Rim countries. It focuses on NGOs in Hong Kong and Vancouver, and their efforts to contest the gendered …

The Economics Of Wage Discrimination Of Non-Whites From 1960 To 1990, Royal E. Washington

Masters Theses

White people earn more money than non-whites. This is true in most cases even if non-white people perform the same job as white people. Are there reasons for these differences? The purpose of this paper is to discover what those reasons are for the differences in wages and to attempt to discover how much of the difference is really discrimination. Any inequalities that are unexplained may be considered by the author to be discriminatory. Therefore, the hypothesis for this paper is: Income differences between whites and non-whites may be attributed in part to race discrimination.

The statistical method used will …

Skill-Biased Technological Change: Evidence From A Firm-Level Survey, Donald S. Siegel

Upjohn Press

Siegel provides evidence that technology adoption is associated with downsizing, skill upgrading, greater employee empowerment, and a widening wage gap. Unlike previous studies that use industry-level data, Siegel collected firm-level data on technology usage and labor composition which enable him to link the magnitude of labor market outcomes for six classes of workers to the types of technologies implemented.

Relative Cohort Size: Source Of A Unifying Theory Of Global Fertility Transition, Diane J. Macunovich

Center for Policy Research

Using United Nations estimates of age structure and vital rates for nearly 200 nations at five-year intervals from 1950 through 1995, this paper demonstrates how changes in relative cohort size appear to have affected patterns of fertility across nations since 1950--not just in developed countries, but perhaps even more importantly in countries as they pass through the demographic transition. The increase in relative cohort size (defined as the proportion of the population aged 15 to 24 relative to that aged 25 to 59) which occurs as a result of declining mortality rates among children and young adults during the demographic …

The Effects On Labor Of Post-Industrial Globalization: A Comparison Of Marxist And Non-Marxist Paradigms, Louis Hyman

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

In this paper I will be examining the changes in labor conditions that have occurred during the last ten years, how they are intimately linked to new notions of information technology and the rise of a global economic perspective. I will compare the [Marxist and non-Marxist] trains of thought as well, and attempt to provide a notion of where I believe them to be sufficient and lacking. If these new notions of globalized post-industrial labor resolve the antagonism between Labor and Capital, they would signal a critical shift in the socioeconomic dynamics of the world, similar in importance to the …

Free Agents, Fire Sales, And Fungoes: An Econometric Examination Of Team Success In Major League Baseball, Corey R. Maynard

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

This paper explores what good organizational strategies baseball teams use to put themselves into the group of those that win more often than they lose, and conversely, what poor strategies cause teams to fall into the group of those who lose more than they win.

Gender Differences In The Causes Of Non-Completion Rates Among Oregon Apprentices: A Case Study Of The Metro Electrical Jtpc, Portland, Oregon, Kerstin Rock

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

This paper will address the question of why women drop out of apprenticeship programs at a higher frequency than men. I will examine if there are in fact substantial differences in human capital and social characteristics between female and male apprentices and whether the influence of these characteristics on the probability of finishing depends on the sex of the apprentice. I hypothesize that the reasons apprentices quit prematurely will differ significantly between sexes, especially in reference to educational background, experience, and family situation.

Cash Constraints And Business Start-Ups: Deutschmarks Versus Dollars, Douglas Holtz-Eakin, Harvey Rosen

Center for Policy Research

In this paper we analyze microdata to explore differences in the rates at which American and German workers leave their salaried jobs to become self-employed. We document that the rate of self-employment is lower in Germany than in the U.S., and the rate of transition from wage-earning to self-employment is lower as well. We find evidence that German workers face liquidity constraints that are more severe than those of their American counterparts. Further, the difference in transition rates cannot be attributed to observable differences between German and American workers.

Legal U.S. Immigration: Influences On Gender, Age, And Skill Composition, Michael J. Greenwood, John M. Mcdowell

Upjohn Press

The authors develop empirical models that enable them to examine the influence of two important determinants - source country characteristics and U.S. immigration policy - on the gender, age, and skills of immigrants coming to America.

The Role Of Relative Cohort Size And Relative Income In The Demographic Transition, Diane J. Macunovich

Center for Policy Research

This paper summarizes the results of other analyses by the author with regard to the importance of relative cohort size (RCS) in determining male relative income (the income of young adults relative to prime-age workers) and general patterns of economic growth, and in turn influencing fertility in the currently more-developed nations. It then goes on to demonstrate that these same effects appear to have been operating in all of the 100-odd nations which have experienced the fertility transition since 1950. Parameter estimates based on the experience of all 189 countries identified by the United Nations between 1950 and 1995 are …

Disability Management Perspectives: Developing Accommodating Work Environments Through Disability Management, Rochelle Virginia Habeck, H. Allan Hunt

Periodical Articles

No abstract provided.

Participation In And The Choice Of Providers Of Adult Education Activities, Kevin Hollenbeck

Reports

No abstract provided.

An Inquiry Into Changing Industrial Labour Force Patterns: Developed And Developing Countries, Kimberley Birjis Naqvi

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Structural transformation patterns are examined to search for a systematic breakdown in the historical relationship between rising GDP and rising industrial labour force shares. Some older industrialised countries have considered focusing on knowledge and skill intensive activity as a new 'engine of growth' in response to industrial employment decline, and stagnating incomes. Such new economic activity anticipates trade with industrialising countries, whose incomes would rise with industrialisation. This relationship is dependent on the persistence of labour-intensive specialisation in industrialising countries. Three trends might prevent prolonged specialisation: increased international competitiveness, rising capital-intensity in production, and international economic specialisation. Each of these …

A Cross Country Evaluation Of Active Labor Programs In Hungary And Poland, Christopher J. O'Leary

Reports

No abstract provided.

Temporary Employment: The Spanish Experience, Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes

Dissertations

In an effort to promote employment flexibility and reduce the unemployment rate, Spanish authorities deregulated temporary employment in the early 1980s. Nonetheless, the deregulation of temporary employment took place at the margin, favoring the development of a dual labor market in which temporary workers constituted a second class of workers involuntarily employed and enduring limited advancement opportunities.

Using data from the Spanish labor force survey, Spanish temporary employment and job transitions into and out of temporary employment are examined. The study first evaluates the incidence of Spanish temporary employment and its involuntary and demand-led character. Secondly, the analysis reveals temporary …

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Active Labor Programs In Hungary, Christopher J. O'Leary

Upjohn Institute Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Market Reaction To Seasoned Equity Offerings: The Relevance Of Leverage, Growth Opportunities, And Corporate Structure, Mojib U. Ahmed

Theses and Dissertations in Business Administration

Empirical work on the market's reaction to seasoned equity offerings has rarely considered the impact of the issuing firm's leverage level or its corporate structure. This work is an attempt to include these parameters in order to better understand the market's reaction to such issue announcements.

The current finance literature recognizes the fact that leverage plays an important role in assessing the value of the firm. Leverage has both negative and positive impacts on the value of a firm (McConnell and Servaes, 1995), and thus, has both negative and positive impacts on the market's reaction to seasoned equity offerings. This …

Design For A Net Impact Evaluation Of Retraining In China, Christopher J. O'Leary

Reports

The main aim of the national reemployment project in China is to redeploy workers identified as redundant within urban state owned enterprises (SOEs) to new jobs. As part of a larger effort to document the success of the reemployment project in China, a net impact analysis of retraining will be performed using a sample drawn from three cities which span the range of economic conditions in China: Shanghai, Wuhan and Shenyang. This paper presents a practical design for the sampling necessary to undertake the evaluation.