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Full-Text Articles in Economics

Steps To Become A Welcoming Community, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel Apr 2021

Steps To Become A Welcoming Community, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel

Cornhusker Economics

Just because some rural areas are declining does not mean that all areas are declining or are destined to decline. Rural population gains are often seen in high amenity counties that support both tourism and early retiree relocation and in counties that are located just beyond metropolitan borders. But those are not the only places where gains are being made. Rural areas across the nation are becoming more culturally diverse with “racial and ethnic minorities accounting for 83 percent of rural population growth between 2000 and 2010” (Johnson, 2012).

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Trade And Informality In The Presence Of Labor Market Frictions And Regulations, Rafael Dix-Carneiro, Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg, Costas Meghir, Gabriel Ulyssea Apr 2021

Trade And Informality In The Presence Of Labor Market Frictions And Regulations, Rafael Dix-Carneiro, Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg, Costas Meghir, Gabriel Ulyssea

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

We build an equilibrium model of a small open economy with labor market frictions and imperfectly enforced regulations. Heterogeneous firms sort into the formal or informal sector. We estimate the model using data from Brazil, and use counterfactual simulations to understand how trade affects economic outcomes in the presence of informality. We show the following: 1) Trade openness unambiguously decreases informality in the tradable sector but has ambiguous effects on aggregate informality. 2) The productivity gains from trade are understated when the informal sector is omitted. 3) Trade openness results in large welfare gains even when informality is repressed. 4) …

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Investigating The Economic Effects Of Food Affordability, Food Access, And Education On Obesity Rates In Mississippi Counties, Youssef Osman Apr 2021

Investigating The Economic Effects Of Food Affordability, Food Access, And Education On Obesity Rates In Mississippi Counties, Youssef Osman

Honors Theses

The growing rate of obesity across the United States is a topic of great concern considering both the health and financial costs associated with the disease. Many researchers have sought to determine the major causes of obesity so that policy suggestions can be made to reduce its occurrence. Some of the referenced drivers of obesity include high food costs, poor access to healthy food, and a lack of knowledge regarding nutrition. This thesis seeks to find the effects of county-level food prices, income, food access, and education level on obesity rates in Mississippi counties. The analysis uses cross-sectional data from …

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Possible Implications Of The European Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism For Ukraine And Other Eu Trading Partners, Maksym Chepeliev Apr 2021

Possible Implications Of The European Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism For Ukraine And Other Eu Trading Partners, Maksym Chepeliev

Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications

This paper provides a quantitative assessment of the European Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) implementation. We find limited impacts of the CBAM for most European Union (EU) trading partners. Ukraine is the most impacted country, with a per capita income change of -0.4% and reductions in domestic iron and steel production reaching 3.9%. Global exports of chemical products are impacted the most, with corresponding reductions exceeding 4% in some countries.

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An Investigation Of Health Insurance Policy And Behavior In A Virtual Environment, J. Dustin Tracy, Kevin A. James, Hillard Kaplan, Stephen Rassenti Apr 2021

An Investigation Of Health Insurance Policy And Behavior In A Virtual Environment, J. Dustin Tracy, Kevin A. James, Hillard Kaplan, Stephen Rassenti

ESI Publications

We introduce a new experimental approach to measuring the effects of health insurance policy alternatives on behavior and health outcomes over the life course. In a virtual environment with multi-period lives, subjects earn virtual income and allocate spending, to maximize utility, which is converted into cash payment. We compare behavior across age, income and insurance plans—one priced according to an individual’s expected cost and the other uniformly priced through employer-implemented cost sharing. We find that 1) subjects in the employer-implemented plan purchased insurance at higher rates; 2) the employer-based plan reduced differences due to income and age; 3) subjects in …

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Small Business Debt Financing: The Effect Of Lender Structural Complexity., Jaume Franquesa, David Vera Apr 2021

Small Business Debt Financing: The Effect Of Lender Structural Complexity., Jaume Franquesa, David Vera

Business Administration Faculty Scholarship

Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) depend on a large measure on commercial banks for external capital, and US SMEs are increasingly experiencing bank credit constraints and resorting to costly alternatives. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of lender organizational complexity on SME financing shortfalls. In particular, it examines the credit shortage effects associated with the SME's reliance on bank holding company (BHC) owned, as opposed to independent, lenders.

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Covid-19’S Impacts On The Labor Market In 2020, Brad J. Hershbein, Harry J. Holzer Apr 2021

Covid-19’S Impacts On The Labor Market In 2020, Brad J. Hershbein, Harry J. Holzer

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Making The Child Care Tax Credit Permanently Refundable Could Benefit Low-Income Families, Gabrielle Pepin Apr 2021

Making The Child Care Tax Credit Permanently Refundable Could Benefit Low-Income Families, Gabrielle Pepin

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Energy Mix And Climate Change In Pakistan, Syed Murtaza Nadeem Apr 2021

Energy Mix And Climate Change In Pakistan, Syed Murtaza Nadeem

CBER Conference

No abstract provided.

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Stock Market, Covid-19 And Oil Price Crash: Evidence From Selected Opec Countries, Shomaila Habib Apr 2021

Stock Market, Covid-19 And Oil Price Crash: Evidence From Selected Opec Countries, Shomaila Habib

CBER Conference

No abstract provided.

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Measuring The Trend Of Consumption Expenditure Inequality In Pakistan, Asad Kakar Apr 2021

Measuring The Trend Of Consumption Expenditure Inequality In Pakistan, Asad Kakar

CBER Conference

No abstract provided.

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Trade Creation And Trade Diversion For Pakistan China Free Trade Agreement (Fta), Aysha Khatoon Apr 2021

Trade Creation And Trade Diversion For Pakistan China Free Trade Agreement (Fta), Aysha Khatoon

CBER Conference

No abstract provided.

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The Impact Of Remittances On Total Factor Productivity In Pakistan, Muhammad Shafiq Ur Rehman, Dr. Muhammad Nishat Apr 2021

The Impact Of Remittances On Total Factor Productivity In Pakistan, Muhammad Shafiq Ur Rehman, Dr. Muhammad Nishat

CBER Conference

No abstract provided.

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On The Wrong Side Of The Track: The Role Of Karachi Circular Railway In Determining Intra-City Boundaries, Aneela Kiran, Dr. Faisal S. Qadri Apr 2021

On The Wrong Side Of The Track: The Role Of Karachi Circular Railway In Determining Intra-City Boundaries, Aneela Kiran, Dr. Faisal S. Qadri

CBER Conference

No abstract provided.

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Sustainability Of Genetically Modified (Gm) Crops, Abdul Hakeem, Wajid Ali Shah Apr 2021

Sustainability Of Genetically Modified (Gm) Crops, Abdul Hakeem, Wajid Ali Shah

CBER Conference

This proposal identifies the methods used in the modification of crops, their production, modification, expansion, benefits, and carbon emission. Moreover, the special focus of this proposal is to explain the need for GM crops for developing nations which are witnessing exponential growth of their populations. Additionally, it pursues to determine how in the environmental and economic context, the significance of GM crops is overwhelming and cannot be overlooked. The greenhouse ePect reduction is the other essential output of the GM crops as shown through the illustrations.

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The Economics Of Crime, Syed M. Hasnain Saeed Apr 2021

The Economics Of Crime, Syed M. Hasnain Saeed

CBER Conference

Denomination of major crimes in Pakistan-KPK & Balochistan has the highest murder or attempt to murder rates. Sindh has the highest rate of Kidnappings and Punjab has the highest rate of theft. According to our research findings, 1 % point increase in unemployment increases country’s rankings in Crime Index by 0.455 Points.

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Conference Program Schedule, Institute Of Business Administration Apr 2021

Conference Program Schedule, Institute Of Business Administration

CBER Conference

No abstract provided.

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Dampak Penerapan Kebijakan Self Assessment Guru Dalam Program Pengembangan Keprofesian Berkelanjutan (Pkb) Di Tahun 2016 Dan 2018 Terhadap Hasil Uji Kompetensi Guru (Ukg) Di Indonesia, Indri Astuti Irmalita, Thia Jasmina Apr 2021

Dampak Penerapan Kebijakan Self Assessment Guru Dalam Program Pengembangan Keprofesian Berkelanjutan (Pkb) Di Tahun 2016 Dan 2018 Terhadap Hasil Uji Kompetensi Guru (Ukg) Di Indonesia, Indri Astuti Irmalita, Thia Jasmina

Jurnal Kebijakan Ekonomi

The Continuous Professional Development (CPD) program and Teacher Competency Test (TCT) have been national programs to enhance teachers' competency in Indonesia since 2012. In 2016, there was a change in the implementation of the CPD program where the teacher self assessment policy was applied as an instrument in alternative learning mode (various mode) of the CPD program. However, subsequently, in 2017-2018, its implementation was changed to only a face-to-face mode for all results of the teacher self assessment. The main objective of this study is to see how the change of the implementation of the teacher self assessment policy in …

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Wage Gap Among Urban Natives And Rural-Urban Migrants In Pakistan, Muhammad Umair, Lubna Naz Apr 2021

Wage Gap Among Urban Natives And Rural-Urban Migrants In Pakistan, Muhammad Umair, Lubna Naz

CBER Conference

Pakistan has a total labor force of 65.5 million in 2019. According to the Labour Force Survey 2017-18, more than one-third of the labor force is working in urban areas, and one-tenth comprises rural-urban migrants. It is evident that rural-urban migration increases labor supply in the urban labor market and consequently causes a reduction in wages, particularly for unskilled and semi-skilled workers. This study makes the first attempt to evaluate the wage gap among urban native and rural-urban migrant workers using a sample of 12,302 workers, comprising 10,793 urban natives and 1,509 rural-urban migrants, extracted from the latest Labour Force …

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Alternate Energy As A Sustainable Energy Resource In Pakistan, Sassi Bhutto, Riaz Ahmed Shaikh, Riffat Abdul Latif Mughal Apr 2021

Alternate Energy As A Sustainable Energy Resource In Pakistan, Sassi Bhutto, Riaz Ahmed Shaikh, Riffat Abdul Latif Mughal

CBER Conference

The energy crisis of Pakistan is a reality. Researchers have emphasized that renewable energy is the solution for Pakistan’s energy problem. This paper in its first part of analysis presents the overview of the potential of alternate energy in Pakistan. It discovers the prospects of nuclear power in Pakistan and use of renewable energy for economic activities. Further, the impact of GDP growth, none-renewable energy consumption and renewable energy consumption has been examined on carbon dioxide (CO2) emission in Pakistan. The ARDL model was executed and the results showed that in Pakistan, non-renewable energy consumption has significantly contributed in CO2 …

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As Sacred, As Sustainable: The Normative Dimension Of Sustainable Economics, Amana Raquib, Omar Javaid, Gulnaz Anjum Apr 2021

As Sacred, As Sustainable: The Normative Dimension Of Sustainable Economics, Amana Raquib, Omar Javaid, Gulnaz Anjum

CBER Conference

The self-esteem, self-image and subsequently self-worth of young consumers all around the globe, are determined by unsustainable consumption habits. This is equally true for Muslim youth who are as vulnerable to the pressure of building their self-image as consumers. This has led to adverse effects on the ecosystem and therefore, goes against the United Nation’s sustainable development goals (Goal no. 6,7,11-15). This paper argues that by changing the criterion to gauge and establish their self-image, self-esteem, and self-worth, we can influence the degree of sustainability of the consumption patterns of young Muslim individuals. This would subsequently undo the undue pressure …

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Career Aspirations Of Female Students In Economics: A Case Study Of Public Sector Universities In Punjab, Sadia Sherbaz, Dr. Bushra Yasmin Apr 2021

Career Aspirations Of Female Students In Economics: A Case Study Of Public Sector Universities In Punjab, Sadia Sherbaz, Dr. Bushra Yasmin

CBER Conference

In Pakistan women remain grossly underrepresented in top echelons in the field of Economics. Achievement pre-supposes aspiration. Higher aspirations result, generally, in better career outcomes. We intend to explore the determinants of career aspirations among women in Economics, in order to reliably identify hang-ups and barriers to career advancement of Pakistani women in the field. Our study focuses on female university students enrolled in Economics departments in Punjab, Pakistan. We have studied a sample of 415 women to ascertain the factors affecting their career aspirations. The data were collected through structured questionnaire by purposive sampling and the filed survey was …

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Human Development And Inequality - Panel Discussion Ii With Undp Pakistan, Undp Pakistan Apr 2021

Human Development And Inequality - Panel Discussion Ii With Undp Pakistan, Undp Pakistan

CBER Conference

In collaboration with the UNDP Pakistan, a panel discussion on “Sustainable Development: Inequality and Inclusive Growth” took place amongst Mr. Knut Ostby, Resident Representative, UNDP Pakistan, Dr. S Akbar Zaidi, Executive Director, IBA, Dr. Sania Nishtar, Special Assistant to the Prime Minister (SAPM) on Poverty Alleviation and Social Safety, and Dr. Waqar Masood, SAPM on Revenue. The session was moderated by Asim Sajjad Akhtar. Mr. Knut Ostby said, “As one of the first countries to pledge its commitment to the 2030 Agenda on the SDGs, Pakistan understands the simple truth that equality is the cornerstone of sustainable development”. Mr. Ostby …

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Sustainable Economic Development In The Post-Covid Era In Asia And The Pacific, Yasuyuki Sawada Apr 2021

Sustainable Economic Development In The Post-Covid Era In Asia And The Pacific, Yasuyuki Sawada

CBER Conference

The second day of the 1st International Conference at the CBER, IBA Karachi commenced with an opening address by the Chief Economist at the Asian Development Bank (ADB), Mr. Yasuyuki Sawada. Speaking about the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus and how it has destabilized the economic outlook and widened existing social inequalities, impacting lives and livelihoods of millions in Asia-Pacific region and beyond, Sawada remarked, “Regional GDP contracted by 0.2% in 2020 with East Asia faring much better. After a sharp contraction last year, growth in South Asia will rebound in 2021. However, the recovery will be uneven”. Dr. Sawada’s …

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Conference Program Schedule, Institute Of Business Administration Apr 2021

Conference Program Schedule, Institute Of Business Administration

CBER Conference

No abstract provided.

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Conference Program Schedule, Institute Of Business Administration Apr 2021

Conference Program Schedule, Institute Of Business Administration

CBER Conference

No abstract provided.

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Distributional Impacts Of Retail Vaccine Availability, Judith A. Chevalier, Jason L. Schwartz, Yihua Su, Kevin R. Williams Apr 2021

Distributional Impacts Of Retail Vaccine Availability, Judith A. Chevalier, Jason L. Schwartz, Yihua Su, Kevin R. Williams

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We examine the potential for exploiting retailer location choice in targeting health interventions. Using geospatial data, we quantify proximity to vaccines created by a U.S. federal program distributing COVID-19 vaccines to commercial retail pharmacies. We assess the distributional impacts of a proposal to provide vaccines at Dollar General, a low-priced general merchandise retailer. Adding Dollar General to the federal program would substantially decrease the distance to vaccine sites for low-income, rural, and minority U.S. households, groups for which COVID-19 vaccine take-up has been disproportionately slow.

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Bedford County Economic Needs Assessment, Dennis Burnside, Jim Robey, Brian Pittelko Apr 2021

Bedford County Economic Needs Assessment, Dennis Burnside, Jim Robey, Brian Pittelko

Reports

Bedford County Development Association (BCDA) engaged Juniper Solutions (“Juniper”) and The W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research (“Upjohn”), collectively the “Team,” to study the current economic conditions of Bedford County to assess potential opportunities from a workforce development and commercial real estate perspective. As part of this effort, the initial process entailed creating a baseline assessment leveraging a multitude of data sources, ranging from U.S. Census Bureau to subscription-based platforms like CoStar for commercial real estate and BurningGlass for job posting metrics. During the quantitative data collection, the the Team also met with stakeholders including public officials, County administrators, real …

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Industrial Policy In Context: Comparative Experiences From Chile And Zambia, Frank Chansa, Ngao Mubanga, Dale Mudenda, Manenga Ndulo Apr 2021

Industrial Policy In Context: Comparative Experiences From Chile And Zambia, Frank Chansa, Ngao Mubanga, Dale Mudenda, Manenga Ndulo

Zambia Social Science Journal

This article tries to draw lessons from Chile for Zambia on innovative industrial policy and strategies that lead to industrial transformation and job creation. The creation of quality jobs for the increasingly skilled youth requires significant efforts. Industrial policy has been argued to have the potential to contribute to the creation of employment through support for new and old initiatives in the economy. In the case of Zambia, the economy has mainly been dominated by the mining sector, where the creation of jobs has been very small, whereas the comparator country Chile developed an institutional framework for industrial policy that …

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An Ethnological Analysis Of The Influence Of Mobile Money On Financial Inclusion: The Case Of Urban Zambia, Edna Kabala, Rosemary Mapoma, Chitimba Nalutongwe, Diana Muyani, John Lungu Apr 2021

An Ethnological Analysis Of The Influence Of Mobile Money On Financial Inclusion: The Case Of Urban Zambia, Edna Kabala, Rosemary Mapoma, Chitimba Nalutongwe, Diana Muyani, John Lungu

Zambia Social Science Journal

The issue of access to financial products has been a public policy issue since 2005 when the first FinScope Zambia study was conducted. The 2015 study indicated that 40.7% of adults were financially excluded. This article investigates the influence of mobile money on financial inclusion using urban Kitwe and Kalulushi as case studies. We employ an ethnographic methodology to understand the extent to which mobile money has encouraged the unbanked population to access financial products and services. The findings indicate that mobile money has a positive influence on financial inclusion. It is easier to open accounts with mobile money kiosks …

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