Economics Commons^™

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 2006, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

This Report reviews the operations of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and macroeconomic developments during the fiscal year 2006 and appraises the major economic policy outcomes during the period. The Bank reported a stable foreign exchange market in 2006, with an average effective official exchange rate of N 128.65 per U.S dollar, an increase of 2.6% over 2005. The stock of external reserves, valued at US$12.30 billion, was 49.6% higher than in 2005, driven by high crude oil prices and lower debt-service burden. The reserves were equivalent to 28.4 months of import cover, exceeding the 6 months requirement under …

Cuba's De-Dollarization Program: Policy Measures, Main Objectives, And Principal Motivations, Mario A. Gonzalez-Corzo

Publications and Research

This paper examines the main characteristics of Cuba’s de-dollarization program, the objectives of these policy measures, and their principal causes and motivations. The paper is organized in three sections. The first section describes the policy measures associated with the process of de-dollarization, followed by a detailed account of their main objectives (section two), and an analysis of their principal causes and motivations (section three).

New Mexico Labor Market Review 12-31-2006, New Mexico Department Of Labor

Historic Publications

This issue of the New Mexico Labor Market Review presents November 2006 employment, unemployment, wage, and economic activity data for New Mexico, its counties, and metropolitan areas.

An Assessment Of The Competitiveness Level Of Elsokhna Container Terminal In Egypt To The Middle East And East Mediterranean Transhipment Container Market, Mohi Eldin Mohamed Elsayeh Ibrahim Attia

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Potential Implications Of The Maritime Labour Convention, 2006, For Policy And Management In The Maritime Sector : A Critical Analysis, Veganaden Maunikum

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of Cruise Tourism In The Caribbean And Its Impact On Regional Destination Ports, Adrian Hilaire

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Rural Women Entrepreneurship In South Dakota, Carol J. Cumber, Abbigail Meeder

Economics Commentator (1972- 2016)

No abstract provided.

Regional Innovation Systems (Ris) In The U.S. South: The Role Of Local Characteristics Of Ris In Rural Development, Doohee Lee

All Dissertations

Regional innovation systems (RIS) and innovative activity are now recognized as having important roles to play in regional economic development policy. The goal of this study is to expand our understanding of the relationship between regional economic growth and the local characteristics of RIS. The research identified the existence and importance of sources of innovation, knowledge spillovers, and regional spillovers as the principal characteristics of RIS in the South. A knowledge production function approach was used to estimate the determinants of innovative activity in rural counties. A zero inflated negative binomial model was estimated to capture the influence of local …

Economic Analysis Of Stormwater Management Practices, Ritu Sharma

All Dissertations

Structural stormwater management practices help reduce the quantity and improve quality of stormwater runoff. This dissertation focuses on costs and cost effectiveness of these practices. Design, construction and maintenance costs data that were collected from six different sources and adjusted for purchasing power differences over time and location are analyzed using stochastic Leontief cost functions. Effects on these costs of land prices, wages for engineering, construction, and landscaping services, water storage or treatment, and differences in designs of the SMPs and the biophysical regions in which they are located are estimated with the Leontief functions. Results indicate that all SMPs …

The Competitive Effects Of Multiple Exchange Listed Options On The Us Options Market: A Look At Market Share, Jason Kunkel

All Theses

In an attempt to foster competition between financial exchanges, the Securities and Exchange Commission developed the National Market System Plan. With the exchanges competing for market share, there is potential for the loss of property rights of price quotes developed by the dominant exchange. The smaller exchanges will free ride on the dominant exchange`s price quotes and 'cream skim' the less risky trades. This research develops a model of CBOE (the dominant options exchange) market share to show evidence of 'cream skimming.' The variables in the model of market share give insight into the risk and profitability of the option …

Patent Political Economy - Indian Lessons On Pharmaceutical Patent, Julien L. Chaisse, Samira Guennif

ExpressO

The Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) regime adopted by any country is essentially a tool that strives to ensure both the growth of the domestic pharmaceutical industry and people’s access to medicines. But, contrary to the very easily advanced theory, there is no paradox between the two. From this perspective, the Indian experience has shown that it is precisely the relaxation of its national IPR regime that promoted the growth of its domestic industry, thereby ensuring a better patient access to medicines. However, the globalisation process does not overlook any sector, which means that medicines too are submitted to the new …

Paying Attention To Welfare: Supplemental Security Income, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, And The Incentives Of Parents, Jason Rudbeck

All Dissertations

The Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program is the only welfare program that extends cash benefits to children for being blind or disabled. The largest growth in the program has occurred towards children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Using in-house data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), this research measures parents` sensitivity to having their children diagnosed with ADHD given increases in real SSI payments. Children who are more likely to receive SSI benefits given income and living condition are also more elastic to increases in payments through becoming diagnosed with ADHD. In addition, parents alternate between claiming that …

Identifying Economic Indicators For Ecosystem-Based Management:, Scott Norris

Publications

In America and across the world, the use of ecosystem-based management is

increasing. One of the primary challenges faced in using this method of management is the integration of economic data and environmental information. This report explores the use of a new tool for integrating economic data, ecosystem-based economic indicators, in a case study of Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve, an estuarine environment located in Monterey County, CA. Research and literature reviews were used to detail the economic activities of the area, in order to identify possible indicators,criteria for evaluating the indicators, and potential sources of indicator data. After …

An Econometric Analysis Of Determinants Of Foreign Direct Investment: A Panel Data Study For Africa, Evarist Twimukye

All Dissertations

In the last two decades, foreign direct investment has become a major source of investment capital for developing countries. This study evaluates the determinants of foreign direct investment in Africa using fixed effects feasible generalized least squares model for 45 countries covering the period 1990-2003. The study finds gross domestic product, literacy rate, exchange rate and population size to have positive relationship with foreign direct investment. But, inflation rate and remoteness have negative relationship with foreign direct investment. Finally, central, eastern and western regions have lower foreign direct investment than southern region.

Are Obese People Choosing More Sedentary Jobs?, Ashley Cluley

All Theses

Throughout the developed world there are a growing number of people becoming obese. Advancing technology continues to make our jobs less physically demanding. I show that a person with a higher body mass index (BMI) does not choose a more sedentary job position.
Job strenuousness is found by using principal component analysis. The three instrumental variables used for two-stage least squares are youth health, the number of restaurants per state per thousand residents, and an indicator variable if a person plays computer games at home. I reviewed 2SLS, JN2SLS and ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions and based on the testing …

Religion And Subjective Well-Being Among China’S Elderly Population, Philip H. Brown, Brian Tierney

Working Papers in Economics

Evidence from developed and developing countries alike demonstrates a strongly positive relationship between religiosity and happiness, particularly for women and particularly among the elderly. Using survey data from the oldest old in China, we find a strong negative relationship between religious participation and subjective well-being in a rich multivariate logistic framework that controls for demographics, health and disabilities, living arrangements and marital status, wealth and income, lifestyle and social networks, and location. In contrast to other studies, we also find that religion has a larger effect on subjective well-being on men than women.

Rhode Island Current Conditions Index -- December 2006, Leonard Lardaro

The Rhode Island Current Conditions Index

No abstract provided.

Testing Tenure: Let The Market Decide, Michael Shermer

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Tenure debates and disputes are often irresolvable because of the complex and multivariate nature of contractual relationships between faculty and administration, and the nuanced and varying beliefs about tenure held by the professoriate. The Ceci et al. study leads this commentator to suggest a simple solution - allow individual institutions to define the parameters of tenure according to their unique core values.

Oecd's Fdi Regulatory Restrictiveness Index: Revision And Extension To More Economies, T. Koyama, Stephen S. Golub

Economics Faculty Works

This paper provides a revised measure of regulatory restrictions on inward foreign direct investment (FDI) for OECD countries and extends the approach to 13 non-member countries. The methodology is largely similar to that adopted in the previous version of the OECD indicator and covers three broad categories of restrictions: limitations on foreign ownership, screening or notification procedures, and management and operational restrictions. The FDI restrictiveness indicator captures statutory deviations from "national treatment", i.e. discrimination against foreign investment. When combined with other factors having an influence on foreign investment decisions, it has proven to be a good predictor of countries' inward …

School Responses To High-Stakes Testing, Mishuk Anwar Chowdhury

Economics Theses - Archive

This paper analyzes school's responses to high stakes testing. Using a grade level panel dataset from Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (TAKS) for reading and math tests for 2003 through 2006, to find schools responses to failure. I find that there is a tendency for schools to shift resources from subjects that they pass to subjects that they fail. I classify schools' responses as either substitution responses or scale responses. A school has a substitution response if, when it fails to meet the state's required passing rate threshold for one subject for one cohort of students, it shifts resources …

Evidence Of Competition Between Law Schools, Naushaba Zaman

Economics Theses - Archive

The purpose of this paper is to measure how competition affects tuition rates of law schools. I hypothesize that the tuition rates will go up as concentration of law schools increase. To examine how tuition varies with competition, I need to measure market structure. A variety of measures are available, such as C4, C8, and HHI; all of which have some relationship to the degree of competitiveness in an industry. I primarily use HHI as the concentration measure in this paper. I make two models for my thesis. In my first model I use a statewide measure of competition, assuming …

Housing Affordability For Households Of Color In Massachusetts, Michael E. Stone

Institute for Asian American Studies Publications

While housing is deeply significant for all of us, in our society it tends to pose particular challenges to many, if not most, people of color. For one thing, households of color continue to have considerably lower incomes, on average, than White-headed households. This means that households of color can, on average, afford less and therefore have fewer housing choices available, just for economic reasons alone. Yet we are not in a world where differential housing choices are determined only by ability to pay. Residential segregation by race persists and is not merely a consequence of unacceptable practices of the …

Wright State University Regional Economic Report, December 2006, Thomas L. Traynor

Economics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Economic Wellbeing And Where We Live: Accounting For Geographical Cost-Of-Living Differences In The Us, Leah Beth Curran, Harold L. Wohlman, Edward W. Hill, Kimberly Furdell

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

Regional cost-of-living differences affect the quality of life that individuals and families experience in different metropolitan areas. Yet, lack of metropolitan cost-of-living indexes has left analysts without the ability to make accurate cost-of-living adjustments to measures of economic wellbeing. This paper evaluates alternative approaches to cost-of-living measurement and then applies the ACCRA cost-of-living index to various US metropolitan area datasets, including median household income, the number of people living in poverty, and family eligibility for the Free and Reduced Price School Lunch and Head Start programes to illustrate some of the policy impacts of adjusting economic indicators of wellbeing for …

Asymptotic Theory For Local Time Density Estimation And Nonparametric Cointegrating Regression, Qiying Wang, Peter C.B. Phillips

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We provide a new asymptotic theory for local time density estimation for a general class of functionals of integrated time series. This result provides a convenient basis for developing an asymptotic theory for nonparametric cointegrating regression and autoregression. Our treatment directly involves the density function of the processes under consideration and avoids Fourier integral representations and Markov process theory which have been used in earlier research on this type of problem. The approach provides results of wide applicability to important practical cases and involves rather simple derivations that should make the limit theory more accessible and useable in econometric applications. …

Currency Restructuring: The Role Of The Media., Festus O. Odoko

Bullion

One of the mandates of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) as provided in the CBN Act of 1991 (as amended) is the issuance of legal tender currency. This paper examines the rationale for currency restructuring so as to elicit the buy-in and support of the media and in that way enhance the acceptability of the currency in economic transactions in Nigeria. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: Section 2 outlines the major elements of currency restructuring, while section 3 discusses the critical success factors. In section 4 the role of the media is enunciated while section …

Capital Account Liberalization: The Way Forward For Nigeria, Sam Omoruyi

Economic and Financial Review

Capital account liberalization is a complex and multifaceted issue, which if not properly addressed could increase the risks of a crisis in a country with serious negative consequences for the real sector. The purpose of this paper is to dwell in some detail on capital account liberalization, emphasizing the preconditions for tits safe implementation, the degree and sequencing of implementation, effects of capital account liberalization, noting costs and the way forward to its effective administration in Nigeria.

Sometimes Close Is Good Enough: The Value Of Nearby Environmental Amenities, Lucie Schmidt, Paul N. Courant

Economics: Faculty Publications

An extensive empirical literature exists, showing that variations in region-specific amenities can account for persistent differences in real wages across regions. However, this literature has considered only amenities in the same location as the household. This paper argues that environmental amenities at some distance from but accessible to urban areas may lead to negative compensating wage differentials. We use a general equilibrium framework and data from the 1995 Current Population Survey to calculate implicit amenity prices based on measures of distance to environmental amenities. Our results suggest that amenities outside the metropolitan area do generate compensating wage differentials, as workers …

Research Note: Assessing Household Service Losses With Joint Survival Probabilities, Victor Matheson, Robert Baade

Economics Department Working Papers

Traditional analyses of household service losses in personal injury and wrongful death litigation calculate the losses over the expected lifetime of the injured or deceased individual. In fact, the losses to the surviving family members are more accurately described by using joint survival probabilities of the injured or deceased person and their survivors, or a “joint life expectancy.” The use of joint probabilities will always serve to reduce expected household service losses and these reductions can be especially significant when the deceased is significantly younger than the surviving spouse or if the survivor has a relatively low remaining life expectancy.

Implications Of Erm2 For Poland's Monetary Policy, Lucjan Orlowski, Krzysztof Rybinski

WCBT Faculty Publications

We propose an extension to the inflation targeting regime currently pursued by Poland. It incorporates the exchange rate stability constraints as imposed by the obligatory participation in the ERM2 that Poland needs to satisfy prior to adopting the euro. The modified policy is based on the forward-looking inflation targeting supplemented with the exchange rate stability objective. Its effective implementation depends on the determined long-term equilibrium exchange rate and the observed degree of exchange rate volatility. Both are empirically estimated by employing the Johansen cointegration tests and the threshold generalized autoregressive heteroscedasticity model with the in-mean extension and generalized error distribution …