Economics Commons^™

Archipelago On Lockdown: An Assessment Of The Effects Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Philippines’ Micro, Small, And Medium Enterprises (Msmes) Across The Food Value Chain, Remund Jordan D. Labios, Dinah Pura T. Depositario, Nohreen Ethel P. Manipol, Renen Szillardo C. De Guzman, Dia Noelle F. Velasco

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

The paper examined the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the Philippines’ MSMEs across the food value chain and the strategies that food-based MSMEs employed to cope with disruptions. A food value chain framework was used to
analyze the food-based MSMEs, focusing on the input and service provision, production/farming, processing, transport and storage, retailing, and consumption. Results revealed the following: (1) different quarantine protocols across provincial and local boundaries contributed to the complexity of transporting inputs and products; (2) limited mobility of manpower contributed to the challenges of continuing business operations; (3) there was an observed increase in new financing programs …

Forecast Pooling Or Information Pooling During Crises? Midas Forecasting Of Gdp In A Small Open Economy, Hwee Kwan Chow-Tan, Daniel Han

SMU Economics and Statistics Working Paper Series

This study compares two distinct approaches, pooling forecasts from single indicator MIDAS models versus pooling information from indicators into factor MIDAS models, for short-term Singapore GDP growth forecasting with a large ragged-edge mixed frequency dataset. We investigate their relative predictive performance in a pseudo-out-of-sample forecasting exercise from 2007Q4 to 2020Q3. In the stable growth non-crisis period, no substantial difference in predictive performance is found across forecast models. We find factor MIDAS models dominate both the quarterly benchmark model and the forecast pooling strategy by wide margins in the Global Financial Crisis and the Covid-19 crisis. Reflecting the small open nature …

An Assessment Of Swine Industry In The Philippines, Christian Paul L. Fang, Cenon D. Elca

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

This paper assessed the performance of swine industry in the Philippines by synthesizing secondary data from 1990 to 2020. Inefficiencies in major swine value chain segments were identified. The factors affecting swine production and pork consumption were determined using multiple regression analysis. The bottlenecks found along the chain are yellow corn supply deficit, fragmented structures of yellow corn and backyard farms, high disease susceptibility of backyard farms, and compromised meat quality produced from private slaughterhouses. The own price, inventory, and slaughtered animals have significant direct effects on swine production. The retail price of pork and income have significant direct influences …

Towards Smallholder Food And Water Security: Climate Variability In The Context Of Multiple Livelihood Hazards In Nicaragua, Christopher M. Bacon, William A. Sundstrom, Iris Stewart-Frey, Edwin P. Maurer, Lisa C. Kelley

Environmental Studies and Sciences

Climate variability and change affect both food and water security, as do other hazards, such as shifting food prices, plant pathogens, and political economic changes. Although household food and water insecurity affect billions, most studies analyze them separately. This article develops a relational approach to explaining household access to food and water in a multi-hazard context. We identify pathways linking hazards to livelihood vulnerability and assess the relative importance of climate-related hazards. Analyzing longitudinal data collected from two surveys of the same 311 smallholder households in northern Nicaragua, conducted in 2014 and again in 2017, we find that peak seasons …

Chance Elections, Social Distancing Restrictions, And Kentucky's Early Covid-19 Experience, Charles J. Courtemanche, Joseph Garuccio, Anh Le, Joshua C. Pinkston, Aaron Yelowitz

Economics Faculty Publications

Early in the pandemic, slowing the spread of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relied on non-pharmaceutical interventions. All U.S. states adopted social-distancing restrictions in March and April of 2020, though policies varied both in timing and scope. Compared to states with Democratic governors, those with Republican governors often adopted measures for shorter durations and with greater resistance from their residents. In Kentucky, an extremely close gubernatorial election immediately prior to the discovery of SARS-CoV-2 replaced a Republican incumbent with a Democrat, despite Republicans easily winning all other statewide races. This chance election result offers a unique opportunity to examine the …

The Effect Of Task Choice And Task Assignment On The Gender Earnings Gap: An Experimental Study, Kai Ou, Xiaofei Pan

Economics Faculty Journal Articles

Previous studies explain the gender earnings gap by gender differences in choosing competitive and higher-paying jobs. However, little is known about whether and how women’s earnings are affected when they choose more challenging jobs. In this study, we use a novel identification strategy to investigate 1) how the gender earnings gap arises from individuals’ self-selecting into different tasks and 2) whether mobilizing women to work on the tasks typically preferred by men increases women’s earnings and decreases the earnings gap. Our results show that men who prefer the hard and higher-paid task are more likely to obtain higher earnings regardless …

Data From: Commercial Bank And Currency Bureau Exchange Rate Sell-Buy Spreads In A Northern Mexico Metropolitan Economy, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Francisco J. Pallares

Datasets

Commercial banks and currency kiosk bureaus provide exchange services throughout Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, a large metropolitan economy located on the border with the United States. This study employs newspaper data to examine how the bank and kiosk sell-buy spreads are affected by fluctuations in the total number of northbound border crossers, variations in bilateral peso per dollar exchange rate, and the yield differential between 90-day Certificados de Tesorería (Mexico CETES) and 90-day U.S. Treasury Bills. The sample is comprised of monthly frequency data from January 2009 through June 2016. Parameter estimation is carried out using a GLS ARMAX procedure. Empirical …

Access To Financial Services And Income Inequality: A Panel Data Analysis, John Raymond A. Maniable, Marissa T. Barba

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

The allocation of capital through finance alters economic opportunities. Access and use of financial services allow individuals to facilitate their daily payment transactions, think for the long term through borrowing and savings, or manage unexpected emergencies. Extending financial access universally should arguably benefit those on the lower end of the income distribution. Accordingly, this paper investigated the relationship between financial inclusion and income inequality using panel data of select countries for the period 2000–2017.

Database Formation Of Labor Profiles In Upskilling And Reskilling Programs To Prepare The Philippine Labor Force For The 4ir, Breanna Michaela S. Alaras, Malakai Rei F. Feliciano, Salian Idhanth, Abijah Kathryn B. Sta Ana

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

The policy focuses on data management of opportunities for upskilling/reskilling and the profile management of individual laborers’ professional information to effectively integrate the influence of technology on day-to-day life (Schwab, 2016). Laborers that register onto the platform will be matched with programs that can help them meet demands that emerged due to the evolution of their job description. The registration is done to make workers capable of integrating new technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) into their workflow. Reskilling and upskilling can evolve operators of the past into “smart operators” that can work with augmented reality, virtual reality, and …

From Tasks To Riches: A Task-Based Approach To The Determinants Of Wages, Brian Daguman, Samantha Victoria Abordo Baradas, Aileen Abigail D. Co, Martha Louise Delos Santos

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

In most written literature on labor, wages are determined by labor market supply and demand factors. With this, what a person can control to increase their wages is to focus on their skill endowments, particularly honing skills. These skills this paper will be focusing on are those occupational-specific, which pertains to the tasks and activities that a worker does in their job. That being said, it is important for an average worker to improve their skills through human capital (i.e., internships and on-the-job training) identified in this study as cognitive-interactive, Information and Communications Technology (ICT), and computational skills are found …

Strategy For Improving The Quality Of Services, Facilities And Cleanliness Towards Kaltim Mess’S Guest Satisfaction, Hery Kurniawan Utama, Beti Nurbaiti, Soehardi Soehardi

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh variabel kualitas pelayanan, fasilitas dan kebersihan terhadap kepuasan tamu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan tamu, untuk mengetahui pengaruh fasilitas terhadap kepuasan tamu dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kebersihan terhadap kepuasan tamu selama pandemi Covid 19 di Messaging Agency Kalimantan Timur di Jakarta. . Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan software LISREL 8.7 yang menguji validitas, reliabilitas, uji model pengukuran, uji kesesuaian model struktural (solusi standar) dan uji model struktural (T-Value). Dalam penelitian tesis ini, Analisis SEM dengan Lisrel dilakukan mulai dari tahap prates dan penelitian inti …

Paso Del Norte Economic Indicator Review, July, Hunt Institute For Global Competitiveness

Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

A Network Of Thrones: Kinship And Conflict In Europe, 1495–1918, Seth G. Benzell, Kevin Cooke

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

We construct a database linking European royal kinship networks, monarchies, and wars to study the effect of family ties on conflict. To establish causality, we exploit decreases in connection caused by apolitical deaths of rulers' mutual relatives. These deaths are associated with substantial increases in the frequency and duration of war. We provide evidence that these deaths affect conflict only through changing the kinship network. Over our period of interest, the percentage of European monarchs with kinship ties increased threefold. Together, these findings help explain the well-documented decrease in European war frequency.

Assessing Equity Based Mutual Funds And Stock Market Indices In India Using The Engle-Granger Cointegration Technique, Neha Gupta, Pooja Mathur, Satyendra P. Singh

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Mutual funds are one of the most suitable investment alternatives for common investors. Mutual funds are affordable, professionally managed, transparent, and at the same time, offer a wide gamut of schemes to invest in. They can generate superior returns and, at the same time, reduce risk through the diversification of the portfolio. Out of various schemes offered by mutual funds, equity funds are quite popular among investors because of their ability to generate higher returns. They not only generate higher returns but also sometimes beat the market. As the portfolio of equity-based mutual funds consists of equity shares, the movement …

The Racial/Ethnic Gap In Financial Literacy In The Population And By Income, Marco Angrisani, Sergio Barrera, Luisa R. Blanco, Salvador Contreras

School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

We investigate the determinants of the racial/ethnic gap in financial literacy in the general population and within income classes, with a focus on childhood family circumstances and neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics. Our model explains 48% and 57% of the observed gap for Blacks and Hispanics, respectively. For both groups, differences in individual characteristics and neighborhood socioeconomic status contribute the most to the explained gap. The White–Minority gap narrows when moving from low- to high-income classes, but the ability of the model to explain it decreases monotonically. Identifying which additional barriers put minorities at a disadvantage is key to improve financial literacy.

Mexico Consensus Economic Forecast, Volume 24, Number 3, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

Understanding And Contextualizing Foraging Among Recreational Opportunities In The North Central United States, Iris I. Mcfarlin

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Over the past few decades, there has been a resurgence in popularity and recognition of foraging for wild products and foods. Despite the cultural importance and ubiquity of foraging, there have been relatively few scientific investigations (as compared to other consumptive outdoor activities such as hunting and fishing) of the social factors influencing foraging behavior, landscape preferences, and the types of materials foraged in the United States. As such, there is a fundamental need to understand more about the practice and about those who participate. We conducted two surveys to gather information on foragers’ motivations and demographic characteristics and to …

The Effect Of The Global Financial Crisis On The Cost Structure And Double Bottom Line Goal Of Microfinance Institutions, Amy Ehinomen Eremionkhale, Todd A. Watkins

Business Analytics Faculty Publications

The objective of Microfinance institutions (MFIs) is often two-fold; the so-called double bottom line of seeking financial return sustainability, while also maximizing the social impact of their services on the lives of the poor individuals they serve. The pursuit of the social impact bottom line puts microfinance institutions in a peculiar position with regards to the response of their cost structure to the global financial crisis. This paper begins by investigating the impact of the global financial crisis on the cost structure, and cost inefficiencies of MFIs given their double bottom line pursuits. Overall, it appears that achieving growth in …

Two Essays On Corruption, Fdi, And Digitalization, Mahdi Forghani Bajestani

Theses and Dissertations in Business Administration

Corruption is detrimental to both society and economy and is yet prevalent in many countries. Thus, research in this field is imperative to help alleviate the problem. Drawing on institutional theory and eclectic paradigm, this dissertation seeks to first, delineate the mechanisms through which corruption influences economic decision-making, and second, identify its root causes and tools for controlling it.

This dissertation’s central research question is addressed in two essays. Essay 1 builds on insights from research on corruption in international business to advance our understanding of how perception of bribery in foreign markets shapes investment behaviors. The literature is dominated …

The Politics Of Medicine: Power, Actors, And Ideas In The Making Of Health, Claire Wulf Winiarek

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

The practice of medicine has become the prescribing of medicine. Reflecting a construct of health defined by Rationalism, individualism, and biomedical science, medicines (pharmaceuticals) are politically constructed to be the first – and sometimes only prescribed – line of defense against illness and disease. Pharmaceuticals also represent a highly desirable, ‘recession-proof’ component of many Nation-states’ (states’) export strategies, helping advanced economies, in particular, to maintain favorable trade balances and economic growth amidst the headwinds of deindustrialization.

Higher use and the overreliance on pharmaceuticals promote an outsized role for certain actors and ideas in the making of global health, referring to …

Money Growing On Trees: A Classroom Game About Payments For Ecosystem Services And Tropical Deforestation, Sahan Dissanayake, Sarah A. Jacobson

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) programs use an incentive-based approach to pursue environmental goals. While they are common policy tools, key concepts determining their efficacy are nuanced and hard to grasp. This article presents a new interactive game that explores the functioning and implications of PES programs. Participants play the role of rural households in a developing country, deciding individually or as groups whether to enter into contracts to refrain from reducing local forests in exchange for payment from a forest-based PES initiative. The game explores topics that include PES programs, climate change, tropical deforestation, cost-effectiveness, additionality, illegal harvest and …

Accurate Simulation Of Both Sensitivity And Variability For Amazonian Photosynthesis: Is It Too Much To Ask?, Sarah M. Gallup, Ian T. Baker, John Luke Gallup, Natalia Restrepo-Coupe, Katherine D. Haynes, Nicholas M. Geyer, A. Scott Denning

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Estimates of Amazon rainforest gross primary productivity (GPP) differ by a factor of 2 across a suite of three statistical and 18 process models. This wide spread contributes uncertainty to predictions of future climate. We compare the mean and variance of GPP from these models to that of GPP at six eddy covariance (EC) towers. Only one model's mean GPP across all sites falls within a 99% confidence interval for EC GPP, and only one model matches EC variance. The strength of model response to climate drivers is related to model ability to match the seasonal pattern of the EC …

Preparing Accountants Of The Future: A Programme In Accounting Data And Analytics, Poh Sun Seow, Clarence Goh, Gary Pan

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

The accounting profession is rapidly evolving due to technological innovations. Technologies such as the Internet of things, smart sensors, cloud computing, robotics, and artificial intelligence are combining to disrupt the way that businesses operate. It is predicted that, over the next decade, information technology (IT) will significantly transform the accounting profession.

Embracing Digital Transformation In Accounting And Finance, Poh Sun Seow, Clarence Goh, Gary Pan, Melvin Yong, Joanna Chek

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

Digital transformation involves the integration of digital technologies and business processes. Recent developments in digital technologies have provided organisations with the tools to embark on digital transformation encompassing a wide range of business processes and activities. Organisations that can leverage on technology to digitally transform themselves stand to put themselves at a significant competitive advantage relative to their competitors.

Perilaku Pemilihan Moda Transportasi Pekerja Komuter: Studi Kasus Jabodetabek, Amelia Dertta Irjayanti, Dyah Wulan Sari, Ismatulloh Rosida

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Using Greater Jakarta Commuter Survey data published by Statistics Indonesia in 2014, this study aims to identify the factors affecting commuting workers to choose the mode of transportation for work and the marginal effect of these factors. Estimation results from logistic regression indicate that income and workdays are not significantly affecting the commuting workers mode choice. The number of modes used has the highest impact on the probability of private vehicle and motorcycle use over public transport. As age, time travel, and travel distance increase, commuter worker less likely to use private vehicle.

Pengaruh Kebijakan Peningkatan Upah Minimum Terhadap Ketimpangan Upah (Studi Kasus Provinsi-Provinsi Di Jawa), Zaitun Rohmah, Prani Sastiono

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

This research estimates the effect of the minimum wage increase on the wage inequality in Java provinces between 2008 and 2014 using semiparametric methods. It is found that the increase in minimum wage decrease the wage inequality in DKI Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, and Banten Provinces if the employment effects of the minimum wage increase are ignored and the opposite results if we consider the employment effects. Different results occur in Yogyakarta Special Region and East Java provinces, the minimum wage increase will lead to an increase in wage inequality both for the inclusion or exclusion of the employment …

Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 5, Number 7, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton, Ana Gutierrez Zubiate

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

Editor's Note, Marites Tiongco

DLSU Business & Economics Review

No abstract provided.

Know Your Customers: How Generations X And Y Perceive Mobile Payment, Sheena Valencia, Reynaldo Bautista Jr., Luz Suplico Jeong

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This research aims to find the factors that will influence Generations X and Y consumers to utilize mobile payment in the Philippines. A self-administered questionnaire was sent to 160 respondents from Generation X and 160 respondents from Generation Y. The theory of planned behavior was used as a framework. Attitude towards mobile payment, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were used to predict the intention to use mobile payments. The results show that attitude is the most significant predictor of intention to adopt mobile payment from Generations X and Y. This implies that the more favorable the attitude, the more …

Investigating The Influence Of Consumption Values On Healthy Eating Choices: The Moderating Role Of Healthy Food Awareness, Aleem Raza, Mubasher Akram, Muhammad Asif

DLSU Business & Economics Review

The purpose of the study was to empirically investigate the extent to which consumption values influence consumers’ healthy eating choices. By using the theory of consumption values, the study also attempts to explain the role of healthy food awareness as a moderating variable in consumers’ healthy eating choices. The quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaire from 320 participants. The data were analyzed by using structured equation modeling. The results revealed that consumers’ healthy eating choices are strongly linked to emotional and epistemic values. The study also found a positive relationship between conditional value and consumers’ healthy eating choices. In …