Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Economics Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 6841 - 6870 of 46998

Full-Text Articles in Economics

Precarity And Prospects For Commoning: A Conversation With Guy Standing, Guy Standing, Paul Apostolidis Aug 2022

Precarity And Prospects For Commoning: A Conversation With Guy Standing, Guy Standing, Paul Apostolidis

Emancipations: A Journal of Critical Social Analysis

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Teaching Fisheries Bycatch: Exploring Economic And Behavioral Drivers Of Bycatch Through A Classroom Game, Mitch B. Priestley, J. Forrest Williams, Sahan Dissanayake Aug 2022

Teaching Fisheries Bycatch: Exploring Economic And Behavioral Drivers Of Bycatch Through A Classroom Game, Mitch B. Priestley, J. Forrest Williams, Sahan Dissanayake

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper presents a pedagogical exercise to explore the economics of price-based fisheries bycatch. In the exercise students experience the economic incentives that lead to bycatch due to highgrading; the discarding of low-value fish. We first discuss existing fisheries economics pedagogical activities and how our exercise is distinct. We then identify over forty economics, environmental studies, geography, management, and philosophy courses where the exercise could be played. Next, we describe the game and share results and student feedback. Finally, we provide discussion prompts and extensions to illustrate how incentives and policies can change fishing behavior to lead to sustainable fisheries.

Go to article

Seventy-Five Years Of Pakistan’S Economy, Ishrat Husain Dr. Aug 2022

Seventy-Five Years Of Pakistan’S Economy, Ishrat Husain Dr.

Faculty Research - Newspaper and Magazine Articles

A large majority of Pakistan’s population was born after the country got its independence. The median age today is 23 years and the youth have only experienced economic difficulties and hardships in their lifetime. They are hardly aware of the glory days of Pakistan. Despite the many articles that have appeared on this subject, it is essential to make them aware of the historical context in which they are today leading their lives. At the time of independence, the prospects of the economic survival of a ramped Pakistan appeared quite dim as it inherited an extremely weak and fragile economy. …

Go to article

Information, Intermediaries, And International Migration, Samuel Bazzi, Lisa Cameron, Simone Schaner, Firman Witoelar Aug 2022

Information, Intermediaries, And International Migration, Samuel Bazzi, Lisa Cameron, Simone Schaner, Firman Witoelar

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Job seekers face substantial information frictions, especially in international labor markets where intermediaries match prospective migrants with overseas employers. We conducted a randomized trial in Indonesia to explore how information about intermediary quality shapes migration outcomes. Holding access to information about the return to choosing a high-quality intermediary constant, intermediary-specific quality disclosure reduces the migration rate, cutting use of low-quality providers. Workers who do migrate receive better pre-departure preparation and have improved experiences abroad, despite no change in occupation or destination. These results are not driven by changes in beliefs about average provider quality or the return to migration. Nor …

Go to article

Nobel And Novice: Author Prominence Affects Peer Review, Jürgen Huber, Sabiou M. Inoua, Rudolf Kerschbamer, Christian König-Kersting, Stefan Palan, Vernon L. Smith Aug 2022

Nobel And Novice: Author Prominence Affects Peer Review, Jürgen Huber, Sabiou M. Inoua, Rudolf Kerschbamer, Christian König-Kersting, Stefan Palan, Vernon L. Smith

ESI Working Papers

Peer-review is a well-established cornerstone of the scientific process, yet it is not immune to status bias. Merton identified the problem as one in which prominent researchers get disproportionately great credit for their contribution while relatively unknown researchers get disproportionately little credit.1 We measure the extent of this effect in the peer-review process through a pre-registered field experiment. We invite more than 3,300 researchers to review a paper jointly written by a prominent author – a Nobel laureate – and by a relatively unknown author – an early-career research associate –, varying whether reviewers see the prominent author’s name, …

Go to article

Centering Work: Integration And Diffusion Of Workforce Development Within The U.S. Manufacturing Extension Network, Nichola Lowe, Greg Schrock, Matthew D. Wilson, Rumana Rabbani, Allison Forbes Aug 2022

Centering Work: Integration And Diffusion Of Workforce Development Within The U.S. Manufacturing Extension Network, Nichola Lowe, Greg Schrock, Matthew D. Wilson, Rumana Rabbani, Allison Forbes

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

As the U.S. economy rebounds from the COVID-19 pandemic, strategies that promote long-term transformation toward high-quality jobs will be critical. This includes workplace-improving interventions that enable employers to upgrade existing jobs, often while enhancing their own competitive position. This paper focuses on the Manufacturing Extension Partnership, a national network of federally funded centers that support small and medium-sized manufacturing firms. We document the range of workforce- and workplace-enhancing strategies that MEP centers have adopted since the network’s inception in the mid-1990s. While workforce development is unevenly implemented across today’s MEP network, leading centers within the network are devising transformative strategies …

Go to article

The Economic Impact Of Coal Production And Coal-Fired Power Generation In The United States, Christiadi, Eric Bowen, John Deskins Aug 2022

The Economic Impact Of Coal Production And Coal-Fired Power Generation In The United States, Christiadi, Eric Bowen, John Deskins

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

While coal production in the United States has declined by nearly 50 percent since its peak in 2008, the sector remains an important part of the US economy in many ways. In this report, we consider the contribution of coal production and coal-fired power generation to the U.S.’ employment base, economic output, labor income, and tax revenue.

Go to article

High Time To Live In The Modern World, Ishrat Husain Dr. Aug 2022

High Time To Live In The Modern World, Ishrat Husain Dr.

Faculty Research - Newspaper and Magazine Articles

At the time of independence, Pakistan had no industry worth its name and therefore the corporate sector, even in its rudimentary form, was non-existent. The government, therefore, had to play a catalytic role in nurturing the development of the private sector by pursuing policies that protected the newcomers from international competition.

Go to article

Introducing New Forms Of Digital Money: Evidence From The Laboratory, Gabriele Camera Aug 2022

Introducing New Forms Of Digital Money: Evidence From The Laboratory, Gabriele Camera

ESI Working Papers

Central banks may soon issue currencies that are entirely digital (CBDCs) and possibly interest-bearing. A strategic analytical framework is used to investigate this innovation in the laboratory, contrasting a traditional “plain” tokens baseline to treatments with “sophisticated” interest-bearing tokens. In the experiment, this theoretically beneficial innovation precluded the emergence of a stable monetary system, reducing trade and welfare. Similar problems emerged when sophisticated tokens complemented or replaced plain tokens. This evidence underscores the advantages of combining theoretical with experimental investigation to provide insights for payments systems innovation and policy design.

Go to article

Corruption And Assortative Matching Of Partners In International Trade, Arusha Cooray, Chandan Kumar Jha, Bibhudutta Panda Aug 2022

Corruption And Assortative Matching Of Partners In International Trade, Arusha Cooray, Chandan Kumar Jha, Bibhudutta Panda

Economics & Management Publications

Although the effects of corruption on bilateral trade are well-documented, its impact on the composition of trading partners remains unexplored. In this paper, we argue that corruption in a country imposes asymmetric costs on its trading partners depending on their characteristics. Consequently, as the level of corruption in a country changes, its trade flows from some of its trading partners change more than others, depending on their characteristics, changing the composition of its trading partners. We focus on two characteristics of trading partners: (1) the level of corruption and (2) membership in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Convention …

Go to article

Exploring The Relationship Between The Financial Ratios And The Share Price: Evidence From Bahrain Listed Financial Institutions, Arpita Anshu Mehrotra Aug 2022

Exploring The Relationship Between The Financial Ratios And The Share Price: Evidence From Bahrain Listed Financial Institutions, Arpita Anshu Mehrotra

Arab Economic and Business Journal

This study explores the empirical relationship between the stock prices and financial ratios in Bahrain Stock Exchange specifically applied on financial institutions listed in Bahrain Bourse. The results of the analysis varied as follows: earning per share, return on assets and return on equity ratios have shown positive relationship with the share price, while price to earnings ratio and Financial Leverage ratio have demonstrated negative relationship with the share price. Finally, the firm’s size which is measured by the total assets of the companies has no relation or impact on the stock price.

Go to article

Repairing Provincial Finance, Ishrat Husain Dr. Aug 2022

Repairing Provincial Finance, Ishrat Husain Dr.

Faculty Research - Newspaper and Magazine Articles

Most of the discussion and discourse on public finances has remained focused on the federal government and FBR. The analysis of provincial finances has been sketchy and shallow, although it should occupy a salient place in the aftermath of the 18th Amendment and 7th National Finance Commission Award. It has been a decade now since the provincial governments have enjoyed both administrative, legal, and political autonomy and a large dose of injection of financial resources out of the divisible tax pool.

Go to article

The Impact Of Carbon Taxes On The Value Of Fossil-Fuel Reserves And The Efficiency Of Climate Policy, William D. Nordhaus Aug 2022

The Impact Of Carbon Taxes On The Value Of Fossil-Fuel Reserves And The Efficiency Of Climate Policy, William D. Nordhaus

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

The present study analyzes the impact of carbon pricing along with other policies on the value of fossil fuel resources, CO2 emissions, and economic welfare. It employs a model based on the Hotelling analysis of resource values and calibrates this approach to data on fossil resources, costs, demands, and CO2 emissions. Total fossil-fuel resource rents are today estimated to be $17 trillion (2021 US$) without carbon pricing. Oil and gas rents are unchanged for low carbon taxes but would decline by 40% with a $100/tCO2 price. The losses in producer values would be only about 10% of …

Go to article

From ‘Homo Economicus’ To ‘Homo Culturalis’: Review Of Irrationally Rational By V. Raghunathan, Milind M. Shrikhande Aug 2022

From ‘Homo Economicus’ To ‘Homo Culturalis’: Review Of Irrationally Rational By V. Raghunathan, Milind M. Shrikhande

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Does Microcredit Reduce Poverty? An Empirical Exploration In India, Aneel Karnani, Seema Sahai Aug 2022

Does Microcredit Reduce Poverty? An Empirical Exploration In India, Aneel Karnani, Seema Sahai

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

Microcredit has grown dramatically over the last few decades and its supporters have made extravagant promises about its potential impact on reducing poverty. However, much recent research has shown that microcredit has no significant impact on reducing poverty. In this exploratory study we interview 205 clients of for-profit microcredit to better understand the causes of why microcredit has not lived up to its promise. We find the basic problem is that the lending policies of the microcredit organizations are designed to lower the costs and risks, and hence increase the profits of the organization, and are not responsive to the …

Go to article

Inequality, Economic And Cultural Polarization, And Entrepreneurship Challenges In Emerging Contexts, Nikhilesh Dholakia, Deniz Atik Aug 2022

Inequality, Economic And Cultural Polarization, And Entrepreneurship Challenges In Emerging Contexts, Nikhilesh Dholakia, Deniz Atik

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Renewable Energy Legislation In Nevada: 2017 - 2021, Peter Grema, Zachary Walusek, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr. Aug 2022

Renewable Energy Legislation In Nevada: 2017 - 2021, Peter Grema, Zachary Walusek, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Environment

The purpose of this fact sheet is to summarize legislative actions from the biennial 79th, 80th, and 81st Nevada Legislative Sessions (2017, 2019, and 2021) regarding solar energy production and state efforts to reach 50 percent energy production from renewable sources by 2030. By 2050, Nevada has a statutorily mandated obligation to be a net-zero carbon producer in fulfilling energy production needs from large scale utility services.

Go to article

A Computational Approach To Ricardo’S And Marx’S Business Cycle Models, Hee-Young Shin Aug 2022

A Computational Approach To Ricardo’S And Marx’S Business Cycle Models, Hee-Young Shin

Economics Faculty Publications

The goal of this paper is to reconstruct both Ricardo's and Marx's nonlinear dynamic models of business cycle, utilizing computational power of Wolfram Mathematica. The paper aims to replicate Ricardo's and Marx's business cycle models and attempts to extend their original ideas to account for some new stylized facts of contemporary capitalist market economies such as financialization and increasing rentiers' income and corporate offshoring phenomenon.

Go to article

Death On The Job: Mountain West States, 2022, Miguel A. Soriano Ralston, Joshua Padilla, Saha Salahi, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr. Aug 2022

Death On The Job: Mountain West States, 2022, Miguel A. Soriano Ralston, Joshua Padilla, Saha Salahi, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Economic Development & Workforce

This fact sheet examines select data from the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) 2022 report, “Death on the Job: The Toll of Neglect,” which reports on worker safety, health, and workplace fatalities. The original report provides a comprehensive national and state-by-state profile of workplace conditions in the United States. These data were originally reported to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). This fact sheet highlights workforce fatalities and injuries in the Mountain West region (Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah).

Go to article

Ewom Platforms As Productivity Catalyzers In The Travel Industry: A Two-Stage Double Bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis, Tomas Saralegui Aug 2022

Ewom Platforms As Productivity Catalyzers In The Travel Industry: A Two-Stage Double Bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis, Tomas Saralegui

Journal of Sustainability and Resilience

In a fast-paced digitalization context, travel agencies face a challenge to increase productivity. Electronic word of mouth (eWOM) could allow better learning processes, improve communication with customers, and serve as a remarkable diffusion channel. However, this channel is not yet fully embraced by the sector. This research, delimited to Spanish travel agencies in the period 2012-2019, applies a two-stage double bootstrap data envelopment analysis to assess whether eWOM and how firms manage eWOM, contributes to achieving higher levels of efficiency. Results show that firms with higher valence and volume of online reviews tend to be closer to the efficiency frontier. …

Go to article

Taxing Externalities Without Hurting The Poor, Mallesh Pai, Philipp Strack Aug 2022

Taxing Externalities Without Hurting The Poor, Mallesh Pai, Philipp Strack

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We consider the optimal taxation of a good which exhibits a negative externality, in a setting where agents differ in their value for the good, their disutility from the externality, and their value for money, while the planner observes neither. Pigouvian taxation is the unique Pareto efficient mechanism, yet it is only optimal if the planner puts higher Pareto weights on richer agents. We derive the optimal tax schedule for both a narrow allocative objective and a utilitarian objective for the planner. The optimal tax is generically nonlinear, and Pareto inefficient. The optimal mechanism might take a “non-market” form and …

Go to article

Stereotypic Beliefs Contribute To Gender Disparities In The Field Of Economics, Stefanie Simon, Crystal L. Hoyt, Stephanie Fattorusso Aug 2022

Stereotypic Beliefs Contribute To Gender Disparities In The Field Of Economics, Stefanie Simon, Crystal L. Hoyt, Stephanie Fattorusso

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

Why are women under-represented in the field of economics relative to men? We propose that stereotypes associated with economists contribute to women’s interest in the field. We test the predictions that economists are stereotypically associated with low levels of communion and high levels of agency and that this type of stereotype content is associated with women’s lower interest in the field. In Study 1 (N = 883), stereotypes associated with people in the field of economics were masculine, characterized with low levels of communion and high levels of agency. In Study 2 (N = 182), undergraduate women were …

Go to article

The Doors Of Perception: Theory And Evidence Of Frame-Dependent Rationalizability, Gary Charness, Alessandro Sontuoso Aug 2022

The Doors Of Perception: Theory And Evidence Of Frame-Dependent Rationalizability, Gary Charness, Alessandro Sontuoso

ESI Working Papers

We investigate how strategic behavior is affected by the set of notions (frames) used when thinking about the game. In our games, the action set consists of visual objects: each player must privately choose one, trying to match the counterpart’s choice. We propose a model where different player-types are aware of different attributes of the action set (hence, different frames). One of the novelties is an epistemic structure that allows players to think about new frames, after initial unawareness of some attributes. To test the model, our experimental design brings about multiple frames by varying subjects’ awareness of several attributes.

Go to article

U.S. Financial Literacy: Does Urban-Rural Residency Matter?, Mckenzie Leanne Carvalho Aug 2022

U.S. Financial Literacy: Does Urban-Rural Residency Matter?, Mckenzie Leanne Carvalho

Theses and Dissertations

Financial illiteracy broadly affects people’s financial and economic well-being. The purpose of this thesis is to identify how the magnitudes of financial literacy determinants change under different residency settings. A county-level calculation of financial literacy is created, and logit and negative binomial regressions are employed to compare the relationship between demographic variables and financial literacy in metro/non-metro and urban/rural counties. Data on individual’s financial knowledge and personal characteristics is obtained from the FINRA National Financial Capability Study. Urban and rural residency is determined using USDA ERS Rural-Urban Continuum Codes and the Index of Relative Rurality. These results provide an improved …

Go to article

The Great Resignation, Unemployment, And Underemployment In The Us: A Study Of Labor Market Segmentation, Thomas E. Lambert Aug 2022

The Great Resignation, Unemployment, And Underemployment In The Us: A Study Of Labor Market Segmentation, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

During 2021 and 2022 many news media outlets have been reporting that millions of workers in the US have been quitting their jobs in record numbers. In a global economy rebounding from the economic downturn caused by the Covid-19 outbreak and demanding more workers, a high rate of resignations has exacerbated labor shortages and may be aggravating underemployment rates if many workers are choosing not to be part of the labor force or only to work part time. Many reasons have been offered to explain this “Great Resignation” including high day care costs for working parents which may in turn …

Go to article

Keep Me In, Coach: The Short- And Long-Term Effects Of Targeted Academic Coaching, Serena Canaan, Stefanie Fischer, Pierre Mouganie, Geoffrey C. Schnorr Aug 2022

Keep Me In, Coach: The Short- And Long-Term Effects Of Targeted Academic Coaching, Serena Canaan, Stefanie Fischer, Pierre Mouganie, Geoffrey C. Schnorr

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

To boost college graduation rates, policymakers often advocate for academic supports such as coaching or mentoring. Proactive and intensive coaching interventions are effective, but are costly and difficult to scale. We evaluate a relatively lower-cost group coaching program targeted at first-year college students placed on academic probation. Participants attend a workshop where coaches aim to normalize failure and improve self-confidence. Coaches also facilitate a process whereby participants reflect on their academic difficulties, devise solutions to address their challenges, and create an action plan. Participants then hold a one-time follow-up meeting with their coach or visit a campus resource. Using a …

Go to article

Valuing Angling On Reservoirs Using Benefit Transfer, Richard T. Melstrom, Mark A. Kaemingk, Nicholas W. Cole, John C. Whitehead, Christopher J. Chizinski, Kevin L. Pope Aug 2022

Valuing Angling On Reservoirs Using Benefit Transfer, Richard T. Melstrom, Mark A. Kaemingk, Nicholas W. Cole, John C. Whitehead, Christopher J. Chizinski, Kevin L. Pope

Biology Faculty Publications

Economic assessments are rarely applied to inland recreational fisheries for management purposes, especially when compared to fish, habitat, and creel assessments, yet economic assessments can provide critical information for management decisions. We provide a brief overview of economic value, key terminology, and existing economic techniques to address these issues. Benefit transfer, a technique used to measure economic value when an original analysis is not practicable, is conducted by drawing on existing estimates of economic value in similar contexts. We describe an application of benefit transfer to measure the economic value of several recreational fisheries in Nebraska, USA. We examine two …

Go to article

How State Governments Can Help Distressed Places, Timothy J. Bartik Aug 2022

How State Governments Can Help Distressed Places, Timothy J. Bartik

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Go to article

What Types Of Local Job Creation Most Benefit Residents?, Timothy J. Bartik Aug 2022

What Types Of Local Job Creation Most Benefit Residents?, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Mismatch In Local Labor Markets: How Demand Shocks To Different Occupations Affect Less- Or More-Educated Workers In Diverse Local Labor Markets, Timothy J. Bartik Aug 2022

Mismatch In Local Labor Markets: How Demand Shocks To Different Occupations Affect Less- Or More-Educated Workers In Diverse Local Labor Markets, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Technical Reports

This paper estimates the effects on local labor market outcomes (employment rates, real wages, real earnings) of local labor demand shocks to different types of occupations. Occupations are divided into three groups, “high, middle, and low,” with occupations differing in wages paid and education credentials required. Effects are considered on both workers with less than a four-year college degree and workers with a bachelor’s degree or higher. The strongest benefits for labor market outcomes come from demand shocks to “mid jobs.” Mid-job demand shocks particularly benefit less-educated workers. High-job demand shocks often hurt labor market outcomes for less-educated workers, in …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last