Microbiology Commons^™

Concurrent Infections Of Trypanosoma Equiperdum And Trichinella Spiralis In Mice, Pauline A. Nembhard

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In concurrent infections of Trichinella spiralis and Trypanosoma equiperdum, the survival times vary in the early stages of the Trichinella infection. On Days 1 and 4, the mean survival times are significantly increased, and on Days 3 and 7 they are markedly decreased. This decrease is probably due to intestinal tissue invasion. Mice infected with trypanosomes after the 7th day of the Trichinella infection have survival time increases to a significant point and a steady leveling off to Day 21. It is suggested that the antibodies produced against the Trichinella worms slow down multiplication of trypanosomes and increase the …

Physiology Of Sporeforming Bacteria Associated With Insects: Minimal Nutritional Requirements For Growth, Sporulation, And Parasporal Crystal Formation Of Bacillus Thuringiensis., Kenneth W. Nickerson, Lee A. Bulla Jr.

Papers in Microbiology

A defined medium is described in which 18 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis representing the 12 established serotypes grow, sporulate, and produce a parasporal crystal. This minimal medium contains glucose and salts supplemented with either aspartate, glutamate, or citrate. These organic acids are required and cannot be replaced by vitamin mixtures or succinate even though succinate is taken up at a rate similar to that of aspartate, glutamate, and citrate.

Physiology Of Sporeforming Bacteria Associated With Insects: Radiorespirometric Survey Of Carbohydrate Metabolism In The 12 Serotypes Of Bacillus Thuringiensis, Kenneth W. Nickerson, Grant St. Julian, Lee A. Bulla Jr.

Papers in Microbiology

Radiorespirometry was used to compare the primary pathways of glucose catabolism in 18 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis representing the 12 established serotypes. Every strain utilizes the Embden-Meyerhof-Pamas pathway almost exclusively; pentose-phosphate pathway participation is minor. The Embden- Meyerhof-Parnas pathway predominates regardless of whether the cells were grown in a minimal medium or one containing yeast extract. The results indicate that the absolute requirement for citrate and related compounds is not a result of defective citrate or glucose transport and metabolism.

The Deoxythymidine Kinase-Deoxythymidylate Kinase Enzymes In Salmonella Potsdam And Escherichia Coli K12 Infected With Bacteriophage P3, James D. Kettering

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Metabolic alterations in bacterial hosts caused by virus infections have been studied for the last thirty years. The virulent T-even bacteriophages have been studied the most and have been shown to be responsible for the induction of a number of new, virus-specific enzymes that are necessary for successful phage growth. In addition, the activity of other host enzymes present prior to infection has been found to be increased by T-even infection. Temperate bacteriophages, being more difficult to work with than the virulent viruses, have not been studied as extensively. This is especially true for metabolic studies, since most temperate phage …

Seasonal Periodicity Of Dominant, Benthic, Marine Macroalgae Of The North Jetty Of Brazos Santiago Pass, Texas, As Related To Environmental Factors, Gary J. Penn

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

The seasonality of marine algae may be influenced by a large number of factors. These factors Include water clarity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, salinity, light Intensity, precipitation, air temperature, water turbulence, and daylength. The purpose of this study was to determine seasonal patterns and the effect of these variables on the algae.

The results Indicate that 24 dominant, benthic, genera of algae have two seasonal populations. A winter-spring population Includes algae in abundance between January and May. A fall population includes algae in abundance during September, October and November, Results of environmental studies indicate day-length dominant factors in algal …

Studies With An In Vitro Protein Synthesizing System Derived From Acetobacter Aceti Var. Liquefaciens, Joyce I. Cialdella

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Studies On The Membrane Associated L-Malate Dehydrogenase-Oxidase Complex Of Micrococcus Lysodeikticus, Jerry James Johnson

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Taxonomic Study Of Members Of The Family Entrobacteriaceae With Gas Chromatography, Madeline Ducate

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Abstract unavailable.

Characterization Of A Bovine Parvovirus, Thomas J. Langpap

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bovine parvovirus has been shown to produce calf scours (40). Although exact figures are unavailable, a sizeable economic loss is suffered annually by South Dakotans as a result of this disease. Bovine parvovirus has been isolated in South Dakota (7). However, the extent of exposure to the virus is unknown. The object of this study is to characterize the South Dakota parvovirus isolate and determine by serological methods the extent of exposure in cattle. A preliminary study to determine the ability of parvovirus to cause abortion in cattle will also be undertaken.

Sporulation Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Without Concurrent Derepression Of The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle, Kenneth W. Nickerson, John De Pinto, Lee A. Bulla Jr.

Papers in Microbiology

Bacillus thuringiensis sporulates in a glucose-glutamate medium without concurrent derepression of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Glutamate appears to regulate tricarboxylic acid cycle activity as well as to influence spore heat resistance and production of dipicolinic acid.

A Diurnal Zooplankton Migration Study In Lake Mead, Robert D. Staker

Publications (WR)

The diurnal vertical movement of zooplankton was first recorded in freshwater lakes by Weismann (1877) in Lake Constance (Bodensee), although Cuvier was credited with observing the migration of Daphniae in 1817 (Gushing, 1955). The migration is best observed in deep oligotrophic lakes and migrations of 50 m per day are described (Worthington, 1931). In addition, two species of chaetognaths are reported to migrate 400 m a day in marine waters off of Lisbon (Waterman and Berry, 1967) while Birge (1895) found little evidence of the phenomenon at all in Lake Mendota, Wisconsin. Most zooplankton that migrate rise at night and …

Phytoplankton Distribution And Water Quality Indices For Lake Mead (Colorado River), Robert D. Staker, Robert W. Hoshaw, Lorne G. Everett

Publications (WR)

Phytoplankton samples were collected in Lake Mend 6 times from September 1910 to June 1971 for 8 stations at depths of 0. 3, 5, 10, 20, and 30 m. These samples were processed through a Millipore filter apparatus and 79 planktonic algae were identified. Algal divisions represented were Bacillariophyta, 42 species; Chlorophyta, 18 ; Cyanophyta, 9; Chrysophyta, 3; Cryptophyta, 3; Pyrrophyta, 2; and Euglenophyta, 2. Blue-green algae were dominant in late summer and fall; green algae, diatoms, and, cryptomonads in winter; and green algae in spring. The early summer flora was best represented by the Chlorophyta, Cryptophyta, and Chrysophyta. Palmer's …

Pesticide Effects In A Simulated Soil Ecosystem, Raymond J. Samp

Masters Theses

The screening of pesticides to determine which were most inhibitory to bacteria was accomplished by testing the effects of 10 pesticides on 9 different organisms using the disk assay method. Results showed that Gram positive bacteria were more sensitive to all pesticides tested than were the Gram negative bacteria. In addition, the hormone herbicides were found to be the most inhibitory to these bacteria and 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), a hormone herbicide, was chosen for subsequent in vivo studies.

A soil perfusion apparatus was used to determine the effects of 2,4-D in a typical soil ecosystem. Bacterial plate counts and nutrient …

Interspecific Homology Between Ribosomal Proteins: The Characterization Of A 30 S Ribosomal Protein From Bacillus Stearothermophilus Which Functionally Replaces Escherichia Coli S 19, Artemios W. Vassos

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Normal And Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated From Conditioned, Non-Conditioned And Wild Baboons (Papio Cynocephalus), Louis H. Boncyk

Theses & Dissertations

This study is the summation of the aerobic findings of a five-year longitudinal study designed to catalogue and define the "normal" flora of a conditioned baboon. Also, for comparison and evaluation, the findings of baboons captured and sampled in the "wild" in 1968 or shipped to the SFRE facilities during 1965 or from August of 1968 to December of 1971 are included.

Light And Electron Microscopy Investigation Of Developing Wheat Caryopses Infected By Tilletia, Melvin Douglas Grove

Theses and Dissertations

Caryopses of wheat were studied during infection by Tilletia caries and T. controversa. Initially the pathogens penetrated embryos of the host. After the embryo tissue was consumed by the fungi, endosperm tissue was penetrated and consumed. Initial penetration of endosperm tissue was in localized areas. During infection the fungus mycelium spread intercellularly, but occasionally was seen intracellularly. As the host tissue was consumed teliospores were formed. At maturity a host cell layer 4-6 cells thick remained which retained the mature teliospores. Histochemical studies indicated that carbohydrates and lipids of the host disappeared soon after invasion by the pathogens. Nuclei and …

Phytoplankton Succession In The Lafayette River, Estuary, Norfolk, Virginia, Thomas W. Purcell Lll

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Abstract unavailable.

Role Of Membrane-Associated Components Of Mycoplasma Arthritidis On The Biosynthesis Of Humoral Antibodies And Arthritogenic Properties In Experimental Animals, Lois M. Bergquist

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The virulence of animal-passaged Mycoplasma arthritidis (158) was demonstrated to be enhanced in rats by growth in oleic acid-enriched broth. The virulence of a laboratory-maintained culture of the same strain was unaffected by similar growth conditions. No differences either in the immune response as measured by complement-fixing (CF) antibodies or in the histogenesis of the disease were detected when rats were injected with animal-passaged M. arthritidis grown either in the presence or in the absence of oleic acid. All tests for metabolism-inhibiting (MI) antibodies in the rat were negative.

A Mycoplasma-associated immunosuppression of the primary and of the secondary hemagglutinin …

Production Of Iodinated Compounds And The Effect On Strobilation In Aurelia Aurita, William J. Welch

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the School of Sciences and Mathematics at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology by William J. Welch on May 2, 1973.

Phosphate Requirements For A Whey-Based Lactic Bacteriophage Resistant Medium Under Ph Control, Napasri Ausavanodom

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Five strains of lactic cultures and their homologous bacteriophage races were examined for response in a whey-based medium under pH control and fortified with zero to two percent levels of added orthophosphates. One percent each of culture and phage was inoculated into each medium, which was incubated at 25 C and continuously neutralized at pH 6.3 with 20 percent NH₄OH. Growth response in media was compared against growth in non fat dry milk and a commercial phage inhibitory medium (Marstar).

The whey-based medium which had been frozen and thawed provided more effective growth response and greater phage protection …

Characterization Of Streptozotocin Induced Small Colony Phenotypes In Bacteria, David M. Zimmer

Masters Theses

Streptozocin-induced small colony variants of E. coli were characterized and found to have a genetic basis. Both E. coli and S. typhimurium were susceptible to the mutation causing small colonies. Small colony cell lines exhibited a greatly increased generation time and were shown to be non-motile, electron microscopy revealing a complete loss of flagella. The small colony phenotype was revertible by streptozotocin and nitrosoguanidine. The locus responsible for small colony phenotype in one strain of E. coli was found to map within a 19 minute segment of the chromosome between HfrH and HfrC.

A Circular Dichroic Study Of Cu (Ii) -Ribonuclease Complexes, Kenneth W. Nickerson, Kensal E. Van Holde

Papers in Microbiology

The visible and ultraviolet circular dichroic (CD) spectra resulting from the interaction of ribonuclease with successive Cu(I1) ions have been recorded under a variety of conditions. At pH 7 in the presence of 0.16 M KC1 a broad, negative band was found in the visible region. This band increased in intensity and changed in shape as successive coppers were added. The circular dichroic spectra could be analyzed in terms of two kinds of binding sites: a single strong site with CD minimum at about 710 nm, and four weaker sites with CD minimum at about 600 nm. The binding constants …

Comparison Of The Direct Agglutination And Indirect Hemagglutination Tests In The Determination Of Blood Serum Titers To Escherichia Coli Organisms, I. A. Schipper, Clayton L. Kelling, H. Ebeltoft, D. Graves

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

A comparison of the direct agglutination test and the indirect hemagglutination test for the detection of blood serum antibodies to Escherichia coli organisms indicated that these serological tests were comparable. In some instances the indirect hemagglutination test provided higher endpoint readings. Preparation of the antigens for the indirect hemagglutination test was more time consuming than for the direct agglutination test. Crude extract and purified polysaccharides were comparable as red blood cell sensitizing agents.

Control Of Pantothenate Accumulation In Agrobacterium Tumefaciens, Tsuneo Kaneshiro, Larry O. Arthur, Kenneth W. Nickerson

Papers in Microbiology

Two pantothenate-requiring mutants of Agrobacterium tumefaciens have been isolated. One of them (strain WMP-1) is unusual in that growth levels equivalent to the parent strain are achieved only when the medium is additionally supplemented with aspartate or another compound related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Extracts of cells grown on limiting aspartate were found to contain four times more ¹⁴IC-pantothenate than th6se grown at optimal aspartate concentrations. This difference was found in both the perchloric acid-soluble and -insoluble fractions, presumably the coenzyme A pool and acyl carrier protein, respectively. These findings are discussed in terms of membrane integrity and …

Application Of 125i To The Detection And Assay Of Viruses And Viral Antibody Adsorbed To Latex Particles, Charles Steven Duvall

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study, then, was undertaken to develop a universal, in vitro, extracellular method utilizing fluorescence and radioactive ¹²⁵I to rapidly detect, identify, and quantitate pathogenic viruses and viral antibodies. Focus of the study is the CLAM model, which consists of inert latex particles, plus four radioactively labeled components: antibody, virus, enzyme (RNase) and fluorochrome (FITC).

Studies On Muropeptide Amino Acids Of Rhizobium Japonicum, Mohammed Alauddin

Masters Theses

The isolation of Rhizobium japonicum cell walls was performed by ultrasonication and the enzymatic digestion with DNase, RNase and pronase separately. Crude cell walls were washed with M NaCl and 5% SDS and were isolated by 20,000 g centrifugation. Muropeptide amino acids were freed by hydrolysis at 121C for 10 minutes in 6N HCl.

Detection of Rhizobium japonicum murein layer amino acids was done by 2-dimensional instant thin layer chromatography on silica gel plates. The solvents found most favorable, were n-butanol: acetic acid: water and n-propanol: 34% ammonium hydroxide. Amino acid spots were developed by spraying ninhydrin on the chromatograms, …

Morphological And Physiological Effects Of 2,4-D On Gram-Negative And Gram-Positive Bacteria, John H. Rupnow

Masters Theses

Manometric, spectrophotometric, photomicrographic and quantitative biochemical techniques were employed to determine the morphological and physiological effects of 2,4-D on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

The growth and motility of Gram-positive bacteria appeared to be more adversely affected than the growth and motility of Gram-negative species. The terminal oxidation, lysis, and chain length of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria did not appear to be affected by the concentrations used. The average cell size of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was observed to increase after exposure to 1000 ppm 2,4-D. The normal leakage of amino acid and ultraviolet light absorbing cell constituents appeared …

New Laboratory For Virus Disease Studies, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Exotic diseases continually pose a threat to Australia's animal industries and the consequences of major outbreak could be disastrous.

If an outbreak should occur, it is essential that clinical diagnosis is confirmed without delay for control measures to be effective.

The completion of the new Virology Laboratory provides a building in which most exotic viral diseases could be handled with safety for diagnostic purposes in the event of an outbreak.

A Limnological Study Of Shadow Lake, A Subalpine Lake At Mount Rainer National Park, Washington, Timothy J. Hall

All Master's Theses

This paper presents a general limnological survey of a subalpine lake ecosystem. Physical, chemical and biological parameters were considered. Chemical and physical factors were dominated by the influence of snow-ice cover and high amounts of solar radiation. Abiotic factors result in a small phytoplankton standing crop and limitation of activity by photosynthetic organisms to the short summer season. Zooplankton and benthic communities are simplified in species composition and population size in response to the small primary producer population.

A Study Of Soil Amoebae Infective To Mice, Pamela Mcdaniel

Masters Theses

On January 1, 1973, 10 soil samples were collected from areas in Coles County, Illinois, in an effort to isolate soil amoebae. All 10 soil samples were cultured on bacto-nutrient agar and colonies of amoebae genera isolated were Acanthamoeba and Hartmannella. Amoebabacteria cultures prepared from soil isolates were injected into each of 10 adult mice which were sacrificed at the end of the nine days and examined for evidence of infection and pathogenicity. Lesions were observed in two mice and amoebae cysts and bacterial colonies were present in nine mice. Amoeba-bacteria cultures were purified using streptomycin antibiotic discs and …