Microbiology Commons^™

Circadian Organization And Microbiology: Variance Spectra And A Periodogram On Behavior Of Escherichia Coli Growing In Fluid Culture, Franz Halberg, Robert L. Conner

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Over three decades ago Rogers and Greenbank (1) published observations on intermittent growth in a bacterial culture. These interesting data are analyzed further in this report by computational procedures ( 2-8) designed for detecting and evaluating the significance of nearly periodic phenomena. By such methods, circadian (about 24-hour) periodicity in a culture of E. coli is unmasked as a significant component of the recorded changes. These results extend the already broad scope of circadian temporal organization in microbiology.

Improving Potato Seed, James P. Fallon

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

SOME of the oldest records of potato cultivation show that throughout the ages it has been generally accepted that periodically, a change of seed is essential, and the only means of maintaining satisfactory yields in crops.

Even today most potato growers are familiar with the term "run out" as applied to any particular line of potatoes which tends to progressively decrease in vigour and productivity when planted from year to year.

A Study Of The Effects Of Different Substrates On Growth And Reproduction In Certain Coprophilic Agaricaceae, Raymond C. Brown

Theses and Dissertations

Psilocybe mutans sp. nov. had ceased fruiting consistently in artificial culture several years prior to the initiation of this study. In the couse of this study fruiting bodies were produced on a number of different substrates. All cultures were inoculated by mycelial transfer or by spraying with a suspension of pre-germinated spores. All cultrues were incubated for one to two weeks in a constant-temperature room at 70°F. on a shelf fourteen inches below a fluorescent lighting fixture. Lighting was continuous with an intensity at shelf level of approximately 3,000 foot-candles. Fruiting on any particular substrate was improved if the substrate …

Preliminary Report: Monolayer Behavior Studies, 1959, Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

During the fall of 1959, monolayer behavior studies were made on two lakes in the southwest; Boulder Basin of Lake Mead, Nevada, and Lake Sahuaro near Phoenix, Arizona. These studies were made to evaluate the effect of geographical and climatological conditions on movement and behavior of monolayers. The Lake Sahuaro tests also were used to provide data for design and development of improved methods of application and maintenance of a film on this lake in anticipation of full scale, evaporation-reduction tests to be performed there during the summer of I960. The Lake Mead studies produced the following general points of …

The Use Of Seed Inoculum For Subterranean Clover In The Jerramungup, Gairdner River Areas, William John Toms

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

IT is unlikely that benefits will be obtained from inoculating Dwalganup or Bacchus Marsh subterranean clover seed sown in the Jerramungup or Gairdner River districts other than on the fine sands of different geological origin (Miocene) occurring in some southern areas of the Gairdner River District.

Sclerotinia Rot Of Beans, S C. Chambers, M. Hardie

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

INVESTIGATIONS over the past three years suggest trenching is the most important practice for controlling Sclerotinia rot in market gardens.

None of the remaining measures under test gave satisfactory control of the disease, although some reduced its incidence significantly.

Bacterial Wilt Of Potatoes, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

EACH season, Bacterial Wilt causes heavy losses to individual growers in several of the potato districts throughout the South-West of the State.

The disease is incited by the bacterium Pseudomonas solanacearum E.F.Sm. and is most prevalent in the districts of Donnvbrook. Pemberton and Manjimup as well as in the area between Waroona and Dardanup.

It is a tuber-borne disease which is extremely difficult to eradicate, once it has been introduced on to a property.

Natural History Of Thelazia Californiensis Price, 1930 (Nematoda: Thelaziidae), A Mammalian Eye Worm, Warren E. Parmelee

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Various factors—embryology, host associations, and seasonal changes In eye worn populations—tending to promote the propagation of T. califomlensls were studied.

The early embryology closely parallels that of other nematode species.

The mature embryos remain alive in saline at 35°C as long as 5 days. Dead embryos can be distinguished from living ones by virtue of the rapid staining by methylene blue by the former. Parturient female thelazias release embryos into saline, and embryos are found regularly in tear secretions of infected laboratory rabbits.

Ovic embryos possess an enveloping egg membrane containing chitin. On this account, this eye worm species is …

Studies On The Microcrustacea Of Three Montane Lakes In Glacier National Park, Montana, Robert O. Megard

Biology ETDs

Grinnell Lake, Lake Josephine, and Swiftcurrent Lake, at an elevation of approximately 5,000 feet in northwestern Montana, are comparable with lakes in the montane zone defined by Pennak for lakes at elevations between 8,200 feet and 10,500 feet in the Rocky Mountains of northern Colorado. Five species of Copepoda, six Cladocera, and four Ostracoda were collected in the lakes studied. The population of microcrustacea in these lakes was most dense in or slightly above the masses of rooted aquatic vegetation growing to a height of six to 10 inches above the bottom wherever the water was between three feet and …

Natural And Experimental Infections Of Thelazia Californiensis Price (1930, Nematoda: Thelaziidae) With Descriptions Of The Adult And Larval Parasites, Howard S. Burnett

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this work was to determine the extent and effects of infestation of the eye worm of mammals, Thelazia californiensis, and to elucidate through experimentation or observation the mode of transmission.

A survey of literature revealed that thelaziasie (infestation by Thelazia species) may cause serious pathological changes in the eye and its adnexa, sometimes resulting in blindness. It was found that reports of thelaziasis in the United States were (with two exceptions) of cases in California. It was further found that T. californiensis has been reported in a wider variety of host than has any of other …

A Study Of Physoderma On Three Species Of Portulacaceae, David L. Mumford

Theses and Dissertations

Three species of the Portulacaceae each infected by a Physoderma parasite were collected at several locations in Utah. The hosts have been identified as Claytonia lanceolata Pursh., Oreobroma pygmaeum (A. Gray) Howell, and Erocallis triphylla (S. Wats.) Rydb. Since our present knowledge of Physoderma on members of the Portulacaceae is meager, it seemed desirable to learn as much as possible about the parasite, its hosts, and the relationship between parasite and host. Plants of all three hosts activated from perennating organs were grown for extended periods of time under uniform conditions. Cold treatments were most successful in activating host perennating …

The Coexistence Of Pathogens And Pseudomonads In Soluble Oil Emulsions, R. Samuel-Maharajah, Hilliard Pivnik, W.E. Engelhard, Sheila Templeton

Papers in Microbiology

This investigation is concerned primarily with the growth and virulence of pathogenic bacteria introduced into soluble oil emulsions. The soluble oils are petroleum or fatty oils emulsified with soaps of petroleum sulfonic acids, naphthenic acids, fatty acids, rosin, or tall oil. When mixed with water, the soluble oils form stable oil-in-water emulsions and, as such, are used in machine shops as coolants and lubricants in the cutting and grinding of metals. Unfortunately, they serve as excellent substrates for the growth of bacteria.

Avian Erythrocyte Receptor Substance For The Natural Hemolysin In Rat Serum, Richard Vincent Johnson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

[Abstract not included]

[Signature page not included]

Pustule Formation By Lactobacilli On Fermented Vegetables, T.L. Thompson, W.E. Engelhard, Hilliard Pivnik

Papers in Microbiology

Genuine dill pickles are the product resulting from the fermentation, predominantly lactic, of cucumbers immersed in a brine containing 3 to 4 per cent salt. The brine also contains dill weed and may contain spices and garlic or extracts of their essential oils. Genuine dill tomatoes are manufactured from green tomatoes by a fermentation similar to that used for pickles (Fabian and Wadsworth, 1944).
Lactobacillus plantarum is commonly associated with the fermentation of pickles (Pederson, 1936), although other lactobacilli and some yeasts undoubtedly play a role. A survery of the literature failed to uncover any reports concerning the microbial flora …

Microorganisms And Sanitation In The Carbonated Beverage Industry, Kenneth D. Mace

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Production Of 2, 3-Butanediol By Fermentation Of Sugar Beet Molasses, Keith B. Mccall, Carl E. Georgi

Papers in Microbiology

The production of 2,3-butanediol from natural materials by fermentation offers a practical and economical method for obtaining appreciable quantities of this important chemical. A variety of substrates have been used satisfactorily such as wood hydrolyzates (Perlman,1944), wheat (Katznelson, 1944.; Ledingham et al., 1945; Ward et al., 1945) and corn (Ward et al., 1945). The use of several grades of beet molasses prepared from home-grown beets has been reported by British (Freeman and Morrison, 1947) and Canadian workers (Anastassiadis and Wheat, 1953). Excellent yields were obtained which compared favorably with those resulting from the use of pure sucrose.

Although the characteristics …

The Growth Of Pathogenic Bacteria In Soluble Oil Emulsions, Hilliard Pivnik, W.E. Engelhard, T.L. Thompson

Papers in Microbiology

Mineral oils, when emulsified with materials such as soaps of petroleum sulfonates, fatty acids, abietic acid or resin, are referred to as soluble oils. These oils, mixed with water, form stable emulsions which are universally employed as coolants and lubricants for drilling, cutting, and grinding of metals. In addition to the emulsifying agent, soluble oils may also contain fatty oils, disinfectants and emulsion stabilizers.
The oils supplied by the manufacturer are sterile, but when mixed with water in the machine shop they support microbial growth (Duffet et al., 1943; Fabian and Pivnick, 1953; Lee and Chandler, 1941; Page and Bushnell, …

A Study Of The Fleshy Fungi Of Utah, Kent Howell Mcknight

Theses and Dissertations

It is the purpose of this study to further the ends of Mycology by presenting the fleshy fungi which are known to grow in Utah. The term fleshy fungi as used here shall include those Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes which produce large or otherwise conspicuous sporocarps and their closely related forms. This includes portions of the sub-classes Pyrenomycetes and Discomycetes of the Ascomycetes; and portions of the Heterobasidiao and Eubasidiae of the Basidiomycetes (4). The sporocarps may be fleshy, woody, papery, leathery, carbonous or waxy in texture. This would exclude the Myxomycetes. However, since there have been no extensive studies of …

Molds And Bacteria In House Dust And Furniture Stuffing, Mary Ann Swaebly

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Method Of Calculating Exposures For Photomicrographs, Harold M. Hefley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Affect Of Indole-3-Acetic Acid On The Fission Rate Of Paramecium Caudatum, Margherita L. Baker

Student Scholarship

This research report, authored by Margherita L. Baker in 1951, investigates the physiological effects of the plant growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid, also known as heteroauxin, on the fission rate of the protozoan Paramecium caudatum. The study is grounded in the hypothesis that if plant hormones can influence animal growth, it suggests a fundamental similarity in the growth mechanisms between the two kingdoms. The experimental procedure was divided into two distinct series to observe how varying environmental conditions and food availability influenced the hormonal impact. 

In the first series, paramecia were maintained in a nutrient-rich beef extract medium with an abundant …

Microorganisms And Soil Structure, T. M. Mccalla

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

SUMMARY

Laboratory tests were made to determine the effectiveness of different compounds and microbial groups in increasing the stability of Peorian loess lumps against the action of falling water drops. The influence of these on percolation tests in the laboratory was also determined.

Many organic substances-dextrose, sucrose, starch, peptone, cullulose, and gum arabic-did not themselves contribute directly to soil-structure stability, though these substances do furnish energy material for soil microorganisms, which can convert them readily into either microbial tissue or decomposition products that increase soil-structure stability. Lignin, proteins, oils, fats, waxes, resin, and paraffin increased the stability of lumps of …

The Chromosomes Of The Yeast Cell, Donald William Penn

Bachelors’ Theses

Saccharomyces cerevisiae has long been a fungus of economic importance in the baking and beverage fields. A large amount of research has been done on this yeast cytologically and biochemically. However, due to its small size and difficulty in staining, the cytology of the yeast cell remains somewhat in question. Chromosomes and division figures have been demonstrated by several workers, but there still remain sharp differences of opinion as to the nature of the nucleus. Recent work on the genetics of yeast has shown evidence of chromosome division similar to that occurring in higher plants and studies of linkage have …

Distribution Of Microorganisms In The Soil As Affected By Plowing And Subtilling Crop Residues, Roy C. Dawson, Virginia T. Dawson, T. M. Mccalla

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The purpose of this investigation was primarily to determine what effects rate and method of application of residues have on the distribution of microorganisms within the plow-depth layer of soil.

Riboflavin Production By Molds, George L. Peltier, Raymond Borchers

Papers in Microbiology

Very little information is at hand regarding the ability of molds to synthesize riboflavin. Few citations pertaining directly to riboflavin production by true molds are available.2 Pontovich (1943) found as much as 2 mg riboflavin per g of Aspergillus flavus mycelium. Tanner et at. (1945) determined the quantity of riboflavin in the submerged fermentation media of Penicillium chrysogenum. The highest value found was 1. 36 mg per ml. The primary purpose of this study was to screen several hundred isolates, recently obtained from soil, crop residues, and composts, for their ability to produce riboflavin on a wheat bran substrate.

Studies On The Validity Of Swine Erysipelas Culture-Vaccines, L. Van Es, J. F. Olney, I. C. Blore

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

In countries where vaccination against swine erysipelas has been practiced during the last half century, there is a consensus among veterinarians that the best results are obtained when the live culture-vaccine is not only fresh and highly virulent but is endowed also with a good capacity for growth on artificial culture media. Apparently avirulent culture-vaccines are apt to engender only a transitory immunity or fail altogether. The problem presented by undesirable culture-vaccines was deemed to be of such importance to the swine industry that this Station undertook a series of experiments, to determine what influences might be accountable for the …

The Relation Between Metabolism And Potassium Cyanide Inhibition In Pelomyxa Carolinensis, Tatsuru Eugene Kimura

Open Access Master's Theses (through 2010)

1. Introductlon ( Respiratory System)

2. Introduction ( Protozoan Experiments)

3. Materials and Method

a . Experimental Organism

b. Barcroft-Warburg Micro-respirometer

c. Manometric Calibration

4 . Results

a . The Effect ot Temperature

b. The Effect of Potassium Cyanlde

5 . Discussion

6. Summary

7. Bibliography

The thesis investigates the following problems: (1) whether or not there is any correlation between temperature change and respiratory quotient, (2) whether or not respiratory inhibition by cyanides is influenced by temperature, and (3) whether or not the cytochrome-cytochrome oxidase type of respiratory system is concerned chiefly with carbohydrate metabolism in Pelomyxa carolinensis.

Sources Of Amylase-Producing Bacteria, George L. Peltier, L.D. Beckord

Papers in Microbiology

In the search for bacteria possessing high amylolytic activity, some thousand or more isolates were screened on soluble starch agar and the extent of their activities determined qualitatively by the loss of medium response to Lugol's iodine solution. The selected isolates were then grown on a liquid wheat bran medium and the resulting starch-dextrinizing activity measured quantitatively. No attempt was made to determine the properties of the various amylases. The primary purpose of this report is to point out the original sources from which the isolates were made and to correlate the nature of the substrates with the extent of …

The Effects Of Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, And Pressure On Growth In Chilomonas Paramecium And Tetrahymena Geleii Furgason, D.M. Pace, R.L. Ireland

Papers in Microbiology

The effects of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pressure on animal organisms have been widely studied, but most of the investigations in this field concern chiefly the effects of extreme, especially high, atmospheric pressures on blood changes, respiration, length of life, etc., in Vertebrates.

Very few detailed observations have been made on the relation between oxygen tension or carbon dioxide tension and growth in Protozoa. The few investigations that have been carried out are concerned primarily with the effect of these gases on respiration although some observations have been made on the relation of aerobic and anaerobic conditions and growth in …

Studies On Restaurant Sanitation And The Effect Of Sodium Azide On The Physiology Of Streptococcus Salivarius, Kenneth D. Rose

Open Access Master's Theses (through 2010)

Whether restaurant eating utensils serve as vectors in the transmission of respiratory and related diseases is still a matter for question, in spite of the overwhelming evidence in support of this contention.This is due to largely to the lack of epidemiological evidence, the tracing of an outbreak of a disease directly and unquestionably to contaminated eating utensils.The very nature of the vectors concerned obviates any possibility of obtaining this epidemiological evidence, since the contaminating agent exists as such only momentarily at the best. This research problem was undertaken with the hope that a technique designed to demonstrate the appearance of …