Laboratory and Basic Science Research Commons^™

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins And Periodontal Repair, Michael B. Lee

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

For over thirty years now, research has been carried out to isolate and purify bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), a substance which has been shown to induce heterotopic bone formation in various animal species. Recent advances in the fields of developmental biology, molecular biology and genetics, have shown that the BMPs not only are responsible for postfetal bone induction (including normal bone remodeling, healing and repair), but are also critical during embryogenesis - not only in regards to the skeletal system, but quite possibly in the morphogenesis and pattern formation of other tissues and organs as well.

Due to their bone …

Field Parasitology Techniques For Use With Mammals, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Obtaining parasites from mammals that are collected during surveys or bioinventories is time-consuming, and in the past such collections have rarely been made. Parasites and other symbionts are important components of the biology of the host, however, and must be sampled for a complete picture of its ecology and other aspects of its life history. For example, work on parasite diversity and biogeography of mammals in Bolivia (Gardner and Duszynski 1990; Gardner 1991: Gardner et al. 1991; Gardner and Campbell 1992a, 1992b) could not have been accomplished without proper collections of the parasite and symbiont fauna of the hosts.

Many …

Técnicas De Parasitología De Practicas De Campo Para El Uso Durante La Investigación De Mamíferos, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

First paragraph of the introduction:

La obtención de parásitos de mamíferos que son colectados durante las investigaciones o bio-inventarios toma mucho tiempo; y en el pasado, estas colectas ráramente se realizaban. De cualquier forma, los parásitos y otros simbiotas forman un componente importante de las características biologicas y ecologicas de los hospederos y deben ser muestreados. Por ejemplo, trabajos recientes en la diversidad parasitaria y la biogeografía en mamíferos de Bolivia por Gardner y Duszynski (1990), Gardner (1991), y Gardner y Campbell (1992 a,b) no hubiera popdido realizarse sin el trabajo de colección apropiado de la fauna parasitaria/simbiótica de los …

Connexin32 Is A Myelin-Related Protein In The Pns And Cns, Steven S. Scherer, Suzanne M. Deschênes, Yi-Tian Xu, Judith B. Grinspan, Kenneth H. Fischbeck, David L. Paul

Biology Faculty Publications

We have examined the expression of a gap junction protein, connexin32 (Cx32), in Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes. In peripheral nerve, Cx32 is found in the paranodal myelin loops and Schmidt-Lanterman incisures of myelinating Schwann cells, and the levels of Cx32 protein and mRNA change in parallel with those of other myelin-related genes during development, Wallerian degeneration, and axonal regeneration. In the central nervous system, Cx32 is found in oligodendrocytes and their processes, but not in compact myelin, and the levels of Cx32 protein and mRNA increase during development in parallel with those of the other myelin genes. Thus, Cx32 is …

Chimpanzees In Laboratories: Distribution And Types Of Research, Martin L. Stephens

Laboratory Experiments Collection

This review presents the results of an informal 1993 survey of the distribution of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in the world's laboratories, and the types of research conducted on them. Based on the available information, there are over 2200 chimpanzees in.laboratories, most of which are located in several US facilities. Europe apparently has less than 200 chimpanzees housed in two facilities. Worldwide, an estimated 80% of the chimpanzees in laboratories are used in studies on AIDS and hepatitis. It is concluded that, if Europe terminated its use of chimpanzees in research, for either financial, moral or political reasons, the impact on …

Ornithine Decarboxylase And Polyamines In Perinatal Hypoxia, Satyaseelan Packianathan

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Hypoxic and hypoxic/ischemic episodes contribute to various neurological aberrations, learning disabilities, et cetera in surviving infants. Despite major advances in understanding the pathophysiology of hypoxia, the cellular basis for hypoxic-mediated injury remains poorly understood. In addition, the role of developmentally essential enzymes vis á vis their contributions, or lack thereof, to hypoxic-mediated injury has not been adequately investigated. In the series of studies comprising this dissertation, we tested the hypothesis that acute and/or chronic hypoxia affect the activity of omithine decarboxylase (ODC; E.C. 4.1.1.17), the developmentally essential enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis, in the fetal and newborn rat brain. Fetal and …

Periodontal Repair In Dogs : Evaluation Of Rhbmp-2 Carriers, Lauralee Nygaard

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study evaluated candidate carriers for recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in periodontal reconstructive surgery.

Canine demineralized bone matrix (DBM), bovine inorganic crystallene bone matrix (Bio-Oss), bovine derived microfibrillar collagen matrix (Helistat), poly (D,L-lactide-coglycolide) micropaiticles (PLGA), and polylactic acid granules (Drilac) were used with rhBMP-2 (20 (µg/100 µl implant volume) in routine critical size canine supraalveolar periodontal defects. Contralateral defects in six beagle dogs were randomly assigned to receive: DBM/rhBMP-2, DBM-control, Bio-Oss/rhBMP-2, Helistat/rhBMP-2, PLGA/rhBMP-2, or Drilac/rhBMP-2, all with autologous blood except for Helistat and PLGA. Animals were sacrificed eight weeks post-surgery and block sections of the defects were processed …

Increased Stem Cell Factor Release By Hemangioma-Derived Endothelial Cells, C. J. Meininger, Shannon Brightman, K. A. Kelly, B. R. Zetter

Biology Faculty Publications

Background: Capillary hemangiomas, the most common tumors in young children, consist of proliferating capillary vessels and endothelial cells. These tumors also contain large numbers of mast cells, compared with the normal surrounding skin or tissue. We have recently shown that stem cell factor (SCF), the gene product of the murine steel locus, can act as a chemoattractant for mast cells. In this study, we investigated whether SCF might be involved in the recruitment and maintenance of mast cells in hemangiomas. Experimental Design: Cultured endothelial cells derived from a murine hemangioma were compared with normal vascular endothelial cells for the ability …

The Three Rs: The Way Forward, Michael Balls, Alan M. Goldberg, Julia H. Fentem, Caren L. Broadhead, Rex L. Burch, Michael F.W. Festing, John M. Frazier, Coenraad F.M. Hendriksen, Margaret Jennings, Margot D.O. Van Der Kamp, David B. Morton, Andrew N. Rowan, Claire Russell, William M.S. Russell, Horst Spielmann, Martin Stephens, William S. Stokes, Donald W. Straughan, James D. Yager, Joanne Zurlo, Bert F.M. Van Zutphen

Experimentation Collection

This is the report of the eleventh of a series of workshops organised by the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM), which was established in 1991 by the European Commission. ECVAM's main goal, as defined in 1993 by its Scientific Advisory Committee, is to promote the scientific and regulatory acceptance of alternative methods which are of importance to the biosciences and which reduce, refine or replace the use of laboratory animals. One of the first priorities set by ECVAM was the implementation of procedures which would enable it to become well-informed about the state-of-the-art of non-animal test …

The Animal Research Controversy: Protest, Process & Public Policy, Andrew N. Rowan, Franklin M. Loew, Joan C. Weer

eBooks

The controversy today regarding the use of animals in research appears on the surface to be a strongly polarized struggle between the scientific community and the animal protection movement. However, there is a wide range of opinions and philosophies on both sides. Mistrust between the factions has blossomed while communication has withered. Through the 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s, the animal movement grew in numbers and financial resources, and developed much greater public recognition and political clout. The research community paid relatively little attention to the animal movement for much of this period but, alarmed by several public relations coups …

In Vitro Effects Of Two Silver Electrodes On Select Wound Pathogens, Linda Jean Laatsch-Lybeck, Poh Chye Ong, Luther C. Kloth

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

The use of electrical current to promote wound healing is well documented. However, little is understood about the effects of micro-amperage direct current (μADC) on growth of wound pathogens. The purpose of this project was to investigate the antibacterial effects of a silver wire/silver nylon electrode carrying μADC in vitro on several Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The current was delivered via silver wire and silver nylon electrodes at an amplitude of 100 μA for a 30-minute duration in an in vitro system. Results demonstrated that only silver wire carrying current inhibited bacterial growth around …

The Production And Characterization Of A Monoclonal Antibody To A Naturally Occurring Aminomalonic Acid Epitope And A Comparison With An Antibody To A Synthetically Derived Aminomalonic Acid Epitope, James L. Gulley

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The goal for this project is to undertake the first step in the study of blocking metastasis by a monoclonal antibody. The long range goal of this line of research is to study a novel mechanism for the blocking of tumor metastasis in general and prostatic cancer metastasis in particular. The problem that this addresses is the growing number of cases of prostatic cancer in the increasingly aging male population. This cancer is not lethal unless it metastasizes, yet there is no cure for the metastatic disease. The inherent specificity of a monoclonal antibody combined with the uniqueness of the …

Effects Of Furosemide And Oleic Acid On Thyroxine Binding To Isolated Pairs Of Thyroxine Binding Serum Proteins, Deborah Hustead

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Dosage dependent binding inhibition and redistribution of thyroxine (T₄) between three pairs of thyroxine binding serum proteins, TBG-TTR, TBG-albumin and TTR-albumin, by furosemide (0.0 to 1.0 mol/L) and oleic acid (0.0 to 0.10 mol/L) were studied using equilibrium dialysis with purified binding proteins at concentrations 1/200 of levels in normal human sera, separated across the dialysis membrane and competing for T₄.

Furosemide (1.0 mol/L) reduced TBG bound T₄ in both the TBG-TTR system and TBG-albumin system (>90% decrease) and inhibited T₄ binding to TTR in the TTR-albumin system (68% decrease) and to albumin …

Antibacterial Effects Of A Silver Electrode Carrying Microamperage Direct Current In Vitro, Poh Chye Young, Luther C. Kloth, Linda Jean Laatsch-Lybeck

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Currently, electrical stimulation is an accepted method used clinically to promote chronic wound healing. A literature review revealed that similar therapeutic current has been shown to suppress growth of common wound pathogens in vitro and in vivo. To date, little has been reported on the factors contributing to the antibacterial effects of microamperage direct current (μADC) stimulation. The purpose of this project was to investigate the role of electric field strength, current density, pH, and type of electrode used in vitro, to gain a better understanding of how these factors contribute to inhibiting growth of select wound pathogens. …

Healing Potential Of Osteotomies Of The Nasal Sinus In The Dog, Roderick W. Tataryn

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Maxillary sinus osteotomy is sometimes indicated for transantral surgical approaches to palatal roots of maxillary molars. A search of the literature showed an absence of any report on the healing potential of such defects. The purpose of this study was to determine histologically the reparative process of the nasal sinus of dogs following small and large surgical antral perforations. After anesthetizing six beagle dogs, full thickness periosteal flaps were raised overlying the maxillary buccal cortical plates. A 5x5 mm diameter perforation was created with a trephine bur above the second maxillary premolar on one side of each animal. On the …

Review Of: Carl F. Cranor, Regulating Toxic Substances, Jon F. Merz, H. Christopher Frey

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of: Carl F. Cranor, Regulating Toxic Substances (Oxford University Press 1993). Acknowledgments, appendices, bibliography, figures, foreword by The Honorable George E. Brown, Jr., index, notes, tables. LC 91-47046; ISBN 0-19- 507436-X. [272 pp. Cloth $45.00. 200 Madison Avenue, New York NY 10016.]

Cranor's Reply, Carl F. Cranor

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Cranor's reply to Merz and Frey.

The Next Decade: A Shifting Focus, Henry Spira

Commentaries and Editorials

No abstract provided.

Gascoyne Research Station Field Day, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Horticulture research reports

Gascoyne Research Station Centenary Open Day Thursday 13 October 1994

100 years (1894-1994) Advancing Agriculture

Welcome to the 1994 Field Day at Gascoyne Research Station. At this day you'll have the opportunity to view and hear discussions of some of the latest Research and Development initiatives in horticulture in the region. We will commence activities at the Packing Shed at 3:00 p.m. with introductions and short discussions of new work which is currently in progress. This will be followed by field talks at the trial sites, as listed in this brochure. We are also pleased to include presentations by leaders …

Suppressive Effects Of Transforming Factor-Β And Interleukin-10 On The Cytolytic Activity Of Murine Macrophages And Reversal By Cytokines, Chin-Hung Lin

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In this study, the suppressive effects of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) on peritoneal macrophage killing of H238 target cells and the potential for reversal of the immunosuppressive effect by IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were investigated. The responsiveness of naive and peptone-activated macrophages was compared. The cytolytic activity for tumor cells of these effector cells was measured by percent lysis of ³H-thymidine labeled Herpes simplex virus type 2-transformed tumor cells (H238). After 18-24 hours of incubation with TGF-β or IL-10, the cytolytic activity of macro-medium alone. The immunosuppressive effect of TGF-β or IL-10 on non-activated macrophages was …

Alternatives In The 90'S: What's Next?, Henry Spira

Conference Presentations

The 80's was a decade of remarkable and innovative research and development of alternatives. We see the 90’s as the decade of validation and implementation.

From an activist's perspective, the 80's was very encouraging,-- alternatives gained acceptance, legitimacy and credibility within the toxicology, corporate and regulatory communities. And The Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT) at Johns Hopkins University played a significant role in making this acceptance possible.

But these new technologies have yet to realize their full potential; the focus to date has been on development more than on bringing these technologies into routine usage. And the public, …

Development Of Periapical Lesions In Immunosuppressed Rats, Phillip A. Waterman Jr.

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The pathogenesis of periapical lesions is the interaction of the oral flora with the existing host defenses. The role of bacteria has been established in endodontic disease but the contribution of the host defenses in periapical lesion formation is less clear. The purpose of this study was to compare periapical lesion development in immunosuppressed rats with that in normal rats. Thirty-five, eight-week old Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into seven groups. Groups 1, 2, and 3 were given weekly injections of Cytoxan, an immunosuppressive agent. Groups 4, 5, and 6 received no immunosuppressive therapy. Group 7 served as a control, …

An Evaluation Of Surface Enamel Damage Following The Debonding Of Ceramic Brackets : A Follow-Up Study, B. Scott Hood

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

To evaluate surface enamel damage after debonding ceramic brackets using their manufacturer's recommended methods, sixty four bicuspid teeth were bonded with three different types of ceramic brackets and one type of metal bracket. All the brackets tested utilized mechanical retention only. The brackets were debonded in the mouth seven to ten days after bonding, extracted and evaluated with a scanning electron microscope. The study concluded that: 1) all brackets alter the surface enamel, 2) there is a significant difference in surface enamel damage between the metal bracket and the ceramic brackets utilizing a tensile debonding method, 3) there is no …

A Comparison Of Benthic Invertebrate Distributions In Four Ohio River Basin Wetlands, Michael D. Hardin

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology by Michael D. Hardin on April 1, 1992.

Extinction Of Fear-Potentiated Startle: Blockade By Infusion Of An Nmda Antagonist Into The Amygdala, Michael Davis, William A. Falls, Mindy Miserendino

Psychology Faculty Publications

Data derived from in vitro preparations indicate that NMDA receptors play a critical role in synaptic plasticity in the CNS. More recently, in vivo pharmacological manipulations have suggested that an NMDA-dependent process may be involved in specific forms of behavioral plasticity. All of the work thus far has focused on the possible role of NMDA receptors in the acquisition of responses. However, there are many examples in the behavioral literature of learning-induced changes that involve the reduction or elimination of a previously acquired response. Experimental extinction is a primary example of the elimination of a learned response. Experimental extinction is …

How To Turn Your Kitchen Into A Lab!, Charlotte P. Brennand Ph. D.

Archived Food and Health Publications

Publication goes over the steps to a proper experiment and teaches how to do experiments in your own kitchen.

1991 Catalogue Of The Australian Lupin Collection Including Field Evaluation Data For Wild, Semi-Domesticated And Fully Domesticated Accessions, J. C. Clements, W. A. Cowling

Grain and other field crops research reports

This report lists all wild, semi-domesticated and fully domesticated accessions in the Australian Lupin Collection to 1991. The Collection is composed of 2,264 accessions (Perth Numbers between 20629 and 27067) introduced to Australia or from naturalized populations and breeding programmes within Australia. Several accessions are selections from variable populations which were identified during field trials in South Perth, Western Australia. This catalogue lists the characteristics and field evaluation data for every accession where available. Plant breeders and crop scientists will find this information useful for the selection of lupin genotypes with desired characteristics.

Section A of this catalogue should be …

A Flow Cytometric Analysis Of Immunocyte Populations In Peripheral Blood And Pleural Effusions Of Patients With Cancer, Mandy L. Bohn

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Two-color flow cytometric analysis was performed on paired samples of peripheral blood (PB) and pleural effusions (PE) of patients with metastatic malignancies. The purpose of these analyses was to test the hypothesis that there are significant differences in the distribution of immunocyte populations in the PE compared to that of the PB.

The majority of the pleural fluid immunocytes were CD3+ cells. The ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ cells was higher in the PE compared to PB. Levels of CD8+, CD19+ and CD14+ cells were not significantly different in the PE compared to the levels in the PB. CD16+CD56+ cells …

The Role Of T Cells In The Pathogenesis Of Periapical Lesions, John B. Wallstrom

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The pulps of mandibular molars of 15 athymic and 15 conventional rats were surgically exposed and left open to their oral flora. Each group was divided into 3 subgroups of 5 animals each. The rats were sacrificed after their pulps were exposed for 2, 4, or 8 weeks. After fixing, decalcifying, and embedding, the specimens were sectioned and stained with H and E. They were then examined under a microscopic grid and quantified by percentages of surface areas of bone, connective tissue, bone marrow, intrabony spaces, periapical lesions, and numbers of osteoclasts. This was done using a DataVoice computerized data …

Histomorphometric Analysis Of Primate Periodontal Tissues Following Corticotomy In Orthodontics, Wuiteng Koh

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of specific cell types and structures at the active tooth movement site in corticotomized and non-corticotomized specimens obtained from a previous study, and to consider the hypothesis that corticotomy facilitated orthodontics is efficacious due to an inflammatory response rather than tooth-bone block movement. Specimens from 3 monkeys, each of which had a treatment and control quadrant in each arch, were sectioned, mounted on glass slides, and stained with Giemsa, haematoxylin, and Safranin stains. A histomorphometric analysis was performed with DataVoice™, a voice activated computer system which allowed for digitization of …