Operational Research Commons^™

การลดต้นทุนโดยการปรับส่วนผสมแก้วและปัจจัยในกระบวนการหลอม, อนุธิดา ทองอร่าม

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลกระทบของปัจจัยในกระบวนการเตรียมส่วนผสมและกระบวนการหลอมแก้วที่มีต่อต้นทุนการผลิตและจำนวนฟองอากาศในบล็อกแก้ว และหาค่าปัจจัยที่เหมาะสมที่ทำให้มีต้นทุนที่เกี่ยวข้องต่ำที่สุดและมีจำนวนฟองอากาศอยู่ในระดับที่ยอมรับได้ ขั้นตอนการวิเคราะห์สาเหตุของปัญหาในงานวิจัยนี้เลือกใช้เครื่องมือแผนผังสาเหตุและผล และเลือกใช้เมทริกซ์ของความสัมพันธ์ของสาเหตุและผลในการจัดลำดับความสำคัญของปัจจัยที่มีผลกระทบต่อต้นทุนการผลิต ในขั้นตอนการปรับปรุงได้ทำการทดลองเพื่อหาค่าที่เหมาะสมของปัจจัย โดยใช้แบบการทดลองแบบพื้นผิวผลตอบแบบบ็อกซ์-เบห์นเคน จากนั้นจึงทำการสร้างสมการความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างปัจจัยนำเข้ากับต้นทุนการผลิตและจำนวนฟองอากาศเพื่อหาค่าระดับปัจจัยที่เหมาะสมที่ทำให้มีต้นทุนการผลิตและจำนวนฟองอากาศต่ำที่สุด พบว่าค่าระดับปัจจัยที่เหมาะสม คือ คือ อุณหภูมิเตาหลอม 1530 องศาเซลเซียส ปริมาณความชื้นส่วนผสม 2.5 เปอร์เซ็นต์ และสัดส่วนปริมาณเศษแก้วต่อปริมาณวัตถุดิบหลัก 26 เปอร์เซ็นต์ หลังจากนั้นจึงทำการทดสอบเพื่อยืนยันผลที่ได้จากการปรับตั้งค่าระดับปัจจัยใหม่ พร้อมทั้งจัดทำวิธีการปฏิบัติงาน แผนควบคุมและแผ่นตรวจสอบการตั้งค่าเครื่องจักรก่อนเข้ากระบวนการเตรียมส่วนผสมและกระบวนการหลอม ผลการปรับปรุงจากการใช้ค่าปรับตั้งที่เหมาะสม พบว่าต้นทุนการผลิตเฉลี่ยก่อนปรับปรุงที่มีค่าเท่ากับ 513,760 บาทต่อวัน เปรียบเทียบกับหลังปรับปรุงมีค่าเท่ากับ 499,457 บาทต่อวัน ลดลงไปได้ 14,303 บาทต่อวัน หรือ 5,220,648 บาทต่อปี คิดเป็นต้นทุนการผลิตที่ลดลงไปได้ 2.78 เปอร์เซ็นต์ และจำนวนฟองอากาศเฉลี่ยหลังปรับปรุงเท่ากับ 244 ฟองต่อหนึ่งชิ้นงานบล็อกแก้ว เปรียบเทียบกับก่อนปรับปรุงที่เป็น 262 ฟองต่อหนึ่งชิ้นงานบล็อกแก้ว คิดเป็นจำนวนฟองอากาศที่ลดลงไปได้ 6.83 เปอร์เซ็นต์

การปรับปรุงการพยากรณ์ความต้องการวัตถุดิบและนโยบายการเติมเต็มวัตถุดิบคงคลังสำหรับโรงงานผลิตขึ้นรูปเหล็กหล่อแบบออกแบบตามคำสั่งซื้อ, อัจฉรา จันวดี

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ธุรกิจขึ้นรูปเหล็กหล่อเพื่อใช้เป็นชิ้นส่วนหรืออะไหล่สำหรับเครื่องจักรขนาดใหญ่ เป็นธุรกิจที่ต้องออกแบบและผลิตตามความต้องการของลูกค้า โดยส่วนใหญ่แล้วไม่สามารถคาดการณ์คำสั่งซื้อของลูกค้าได้ล่วงหน้า เนื่องจากความต้องการใช้ชิ้นส่วนมีความผันผวนสูง อีกทั้งในการผลิตยังจำเป็นต้องนำเข้าวัตถุดิบจากต่างประเทศซึ่งมีระยะเวลานำนาน ดังนั้นเพื่อให้สามารถตอบสนองต่อความต้องการของลูกค้าได้ภายในระยะเวลาที่กำหนด จึงจำเป็นต้องมีการเก็บวัตถุดิบคงคลังไว้เพื่อใช้ในการผลิต จากการศึกษาพบปัญหาการกำหนดนโยบายบริหารวัตถุดิบคงคลังที่ไม่มีประสิทธิภาพ ทำให้เกิดปัญหาวัตถุดิบขาดมือ และในขณะเดียวกันก็พบว่ามีปริมาณวัตถุดิบคงคลังมากเกินความต้องการ งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพของระบบการบริหารจัดการวัตถุดิบคงคลังสำหรับโรงงานผลิตขึ้นรูปเหล็กหล่อแบบออกแบบตามคำสั่งซื้อ โดยแบ่งการดำเนินงานออกเป็น 2 ส่วนคือการพยากรณ์ความต้องการใช้วัตถุดิบ และการกำหนดนโยบายการเติมเต็มวัตถุดิบคงคลัง ในขั้นตอนการพยากรณ์ความต้องการใช้วัตถุดิบ วัดผลความแม่นยำจากค่า Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) พบว่าวิธีการพยากรณ์แบบ Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) ให้ผลลัพธ์ดีที่สุด โดยค่าความคลาดเคลื่อนจากการพยากรณ์เฉลี่ยลดลงถึง 34% และในส่วนของการกำหนดนโยบายการเติมเต็มวัตถุดิบ พบว่านโยบายการทบทวนปริมาณวัตถุดิบคงคลังอย่างต่อเนื่อง โดยกำหนดค่าจุดสั่งซื้อและปริมาณสั่งซื้อจากแบบจำลองทางคณิตศาสตร์ให้ผลลัพธ์ดีที่สุด โดยสามารถเพิ่มระดับการบริการเป็น 94% ลดค่าการขาดสต็อกลงได้ 23% ลดค่าใช้จ่ายรวมลงได้ 19%

The Rhetoric Of Science Education And Technology, Iwasan D. Kejawa

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Nearly thousands of science experiments are performed both on humans and animals every year in the United States (Gregory, 1999). Does Science enormously play a role in the well-beings of individual in the society? Research has found that science education is through motivation and satisfying the needs of humans. The scientific world is part of an elongated human development. This can be substantiated with the use and evolution of TECHNOLOGY and SCIENCE (Minton, 2004). Education of the entities that comprise the need to achieve the goal of TECHNOLOGY and SCIENCE which are important issues of today. Research has shown that …

Wavelet Anova Bisection Method For Identifying Simulation Model Bias, Andrew D. Atkinson, Raymond R. Hill, Joseph J. Pignatiello Jr., G. Geoffrey Vining, Edward D. White, Eric Chicken

Faculty Publications

High-resolution computer models can simulate complex systems and processes in order to evaluate a solution quickly and inexpensively. Many simulation models produce dynamic functional output, such as a set of time-series data generated during a process. These computer models require verification and validation (V&V) to assess the correctness of these simulations. In particular, the model validation effort evaluates if the model is an appropriate representation of the real-world system that it is meant to simulate. However, when assessing a model capable of generating functional output, it is useful to learn more than simply whether the model is valid or invalid. …

Private Sector Defense Contractor Management Strategies For Contract Fulfillment, Rachel Stallworth

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Private sector U.S. defense contractors failing to meet contract objectives experience lower profitability, pay costly penalties, and risk survivability. Using the theory of contracts, the purpose of this multiple case study was to the explore strategies that some leaders of U.S. defense contracting businesses use to meet all the contract terms with the U.S. Department of Defense. Data were collected from 5 leaders of private sector defense contracting companies in northwest Florida through face-to-face, semistructured interviews and through a review of operations manuals, quality assurance policy manuals, and archived U.S. Department of Defense contracts. During data analysis using Yin's 5-step …

Impact Of Mortgage Characteristics On Retail Mortgage Transaction Completion Time, Kareem Atalla Tannous

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In the mortgage industry, many mortgage lenders cannot manage mortgage workflow systems while meeting and exceeding organizational objectives. Organizations with an above-industry average turnaround time (ATT) to complete a retail mortgage transaction (RMT) from origination to funding experience revenue losses. Grounded in the proposition that mortgage loan purpose (MLP), mortgage loan type (MLT), and subject property type (SPT) impact ATT to complete an RMT, the purpose of this causal-comparative study was to assess the impact of MLP, MLT, and SPT on ATT to complete an RMT. Using archival data records (N = 146) from a selected mortgage institution in the …

Data Protection In Nigeria: Addressing The Multifarious Challenges Of A Deficient Legal System, Roland Akindele

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

This paper provides an overview of the current state of privacy and data protection policies and regulations in Nigeria. The paper contends that the extant legal regime in Nigeria is patently inadequate to effectively protect individuals against abuse resulting from the processing of their personal data. The view is based on the critical analysis of the current legal regime in Nigeria vis-à-vis the review of some vital data privacy issues. The paper makes some recommendations for the reform of the law.

Table Of Contents Jitim Vol 26 Issue 4, 2017

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Table of Contents

Improving Service Level Of Free-Floating Bike Sharing Systems, Aritra Pal

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Bike Sharing is a sustainable mode of urban mobility, not only for regular commuters but also for casual users and tourists. Free-floating bike sharing (FFBS) is an innovative bike sharing model, which saves on start-up cost, prevents bike theft, and offers significant opportunities for smart management by tracking bikes in real-time with built-in GPS. Efficient management of a FFBS requires: 1) analyzing its mobility patterns and spatio-temporal imbalance of supply and demand of bikes, 2) developing strategies to mitigate such imbalances, and 3) understanding the causes of a bike getting damaged and developing strategies to minimize them. All of these …

Design And Analysis Of A Lean Manufacturing Laboratory Layout, Abdoalrahman M. Hakami

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Science Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Abdoalrahman M. Hakami on November 10, 2017.

Open Access, Open Access, How Does Your Catalog Grow? With Selection, Access, And Usage All In A Virtual Row!, David W. Schuster, Susan J. Martin

Charleston Library Conference

Much of the open access (OA) focus and discussion has been on journals (think Glossa), but the open access monograph has come fully into its own. University and scholarly publishers are providing high-quality books, often in areas that rely on long-form scholarship. However, open access monographs presented a challenge. How do they fit into the traditional models of selection, acquisition, cataloging, and tracking usage?

In the spring of 2016, Texas Woman’s University Libraries created a simple workflow to make open access monographs accessible through the libraries’ discovery layer using Google Sheets to track the workflow and EZproxy to track usage.

Identification Of Reverse Engineering Candidates Utilizing Machine Learning And Aircraft Cannibalization Data, Marc Banghart

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

As military aircraft continue to remain in service and age, cannibalization of parts is increasing. Proactive identification of parts that are at high risk for cannibalization will inform engineering processes such as reverse engineering, thus allowing potentially reducing lead time to develop new parts. The research objective was to develop a causal structure that can be used for prediction of when cannibalization actions may occur. Bayesian networks allow encoding of causality between various descriptive features given a data set. The method utilized a tabu search algorithm, identified the underlying causal structure and the associated node probabilities. The method is then …

Optimizing Student Workforce Scheduling At Psu Office Of Information Technology (Oit), Agam Ebramsyah, Aishwarya Joy, Cody Miller, Jake Stevens, Priyanka Patil

Engineering and Technology Management Student Projects

A significant challenge for businesses of any size, is generating a work schedule that ensures adequate personnel coverage to ensure all aspects of the business are properly staffed, while preventing waste produced from having an excess number of employees working at a given time. The decision to manually create spreadsheets and work schedules that take into account availability, staffing requirements, and cost efficiency can become overwhelming and labor intensive. For Portland State University's Office of Information Technology (OIT), there is a significant challenge in scheduling student workers, while ensuring staffing requirements are met, student work hour restrictions are observed, and …

Organics To You - Optimization Of Produce Bins, Rassaniya Lerdphayakkarat, Chuan Chieh Lu, Jon Roschke, Juliana Suzuki, Jessie Truong

Engineering and Technology Management Student Projects

Organics to You (www.organicstoyou.org ) is a produce delivery company that focuses on bringing organic local food from local farms straight to the homes, schools, and businesses of its clients. Each week a "Small Bin" is created using different varieties of local produce from various farms. Customers receive a bin that contains 12-14 varieties of produce with 2-6 "servings" of each variety (e.g., 1 melon, 4 apples, 1 head of lettuce, 2 lbs potatoes, etc).

Our objective is to optimize the contents of the “Small Bin”. The decision we want to make is how much of each variety do …

Understanding The Determinants Affecting The Continuance Intention To Use Cloud Computing, Shailja Tripathi Dr.

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Cloud computing has been progressively implemented in the organizations. The purpose of the paper is to understand the fundamental factors influencing the senior manager’s continuance intention to use cloud computing in organizations. A conceptual framework was developed by using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a base theoretical model. A questionnaire was used to collect the data from several companies in IT, manufacturing, finance, pharmaceutical and retail sectors in India. The data analysis was done using structural equation modeling technique. Perceived usefulness and perceived ubiquity are identified as important factors that affect continuance intention to use cloud computing. In addition, …

Table Of Contents Jitim Vol 26 Issue 3, 2017

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Table of Contents

Implementation Of A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (Mcda) Toolkit To Aid In Ranking Naval Mission Vessel Combinations With Uncertainty, Andrew R. Miller

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

United States (U.S.) military bases have largely been constructed outside of the contiguous United States (OCONUS) due to the need of close support logistics for conflicts and wars. In contrast, military bases within the contiguous United States (CONUS) have been constructed mostly due to economic and other related monetary factors. In addition to monetary concerns for the placement of military bases (specifically naval bases), there exists tactical, environmental, cultural, climate, logistical, and geographical issues that need to be fully considered before deciding on a naval installation location and the vessels to be stationed there. I will present a new toolkit …

Emergency Diesel-Electric Generator Set Maintenance And Test Periodicity, Stephen John Fehr

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Manufacturer and industry recommendations vary considerably for maintenance and tests of emergency diesel-electric generator sets in emergency standby duty. There is little consistency among generator sets of similar technology, and manufacturers and their representatives often provide contradictory guidance. As a result, periodicity of emergency diesel-electric generator set maintenance and tests varies considerably in practice. Utilizing the framework proposed and tested by Fehr (2014), this research developed a parametric regression survival model of the reliability of modern diesel-electric generator sets in emergency standby duty as a function of maintenance, age, and cumulative run hours. A survival regression technique leveraging Cox’s (1972) …

A Systems-Based Framework For Design And Analysis Of An R And D Structure, Polinpapilinho F. Katina, Charles B. Keating, Luna M. Magpili

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

A critical challenge for managerial effectiveness and competitive advantage in research and development (R and D) organizations is developing an appropriate structural configuration. However, in finding an appropriate structural configuration, R and D managers are faced with unprecedented levels of uncertainty, ambiguity, and accelerating complexity, coupled with demands for increased productivity. This paper develops a systems-based framework to support rigorous design, analysis, and transformation of the structure for R and D organizations. The framework development includes: (1) a review of the literature for the nature and role of the structure in R and D management; (2) setting of the R …

Development And Investigation Of An Air Transportation Operations Safety Climate Scale, Matthew D. Roberts

Theses and Dissertations

Safety is of critical importance in many industries, and the US Air Force is no exception. Since 2005, the US Air Force has experienced more than 119 on-duty air and ground fatalities as well as 520 off-duty ground fatalities. One of the more dangerous environments in the U.S. Air Force and the civilian industry is air transportation operations where the fatal injury rate is higher than the national average. However, peer-reviewed safety research focusing on air transportation operations is practically non-existent, both in the military and civilian context. Therefore, safety research that helps us better understand how to shape safety …

Numerical Methods For Nonlinear Optimal Control Problems And Their Applications In Indoor Climate Control, Runxin He

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Efficiency, comfort, and convenience are three major aspects in the design of control systems for residential Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) units. In this dissertation, we study optimization-based algorithms for HVAC control that minimizes energy consumption while maintaining a desired temperature, or even human comfort in a room. Our algorithm uses a Computer Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model, mathematically formulated using Partial Differential Equations (PDEs), to describe the interactions between temperature, pressure, and air flow. Our model allows us to naturally formulate problems such as controlling the temperature of a small region of interest within a room, or to control …

Forecasting Us Army Enlistment Contract Production In Complex Geographical Marketing Areas, Joshua L. Mcdonald, Edward D. White, Raymond R. Hill, Christian Pardo

Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate an improved method for forecasting the US Army recruiting. Design/methodology/approach: Time series methods, regression modeling, principle components and marketing research are included in this paper. Findings: This paper found the unique ability of multiple statistical methods applied to a forecasting context to consider the effects of inputs that are controlled to some degree by a decision maker. Research limitations/implications: This work will successfully inform the US Army recruiting leadership on how this improved methodology will improve their recruitment process.
Practical implications: Improved US Army analytical technique for forecasting recruiting goals.

Models And Methodologies To Address Emerging Needs In Network And Supply Chain Optimization, Forough Enayaty Ahangar

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation, we model three different security scenarios and propose solution methodologies to address each problem.

Chapter 2 presents a large-scale optimization approach for solving a dynamic bi-level network interdiction problem (NIP) in which interdiction activities must be scheduled in order to minimize the cumulative maximum flow over a finite time horizon. A logic-based decomposition (LBD) approach is proposed that utilizes constraint programming to exploit the scheduling nature of this dynamic NIP. Chapter 3 considers a set of centers to which content (e.g., data or smuggled items), are assigned to ensure availability. An interdictor (e.g., border security officials) attempts …

Personalized Decision Modeling For Intervention And Prevention Of Cancers, Fan Wang

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Personalized medicine has been utilized in all stages of cancer care in recent years, including the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Since prevention and early intervention are particularly crucial in reducing cancer mortalities, personalizing the corresponding strategies and decisions so as to provide the most appropriate or optimal medical services for different patients can greatly improve the current cancer control practices. This dissertation research performs an in-depth exploration of personalized decision modeling of cancer intervention and prevention problems. We investigate the patient-specific screening and vaccination strategies for breast cancer and the cancers related to human papillomavirus (HPV), representatively. Three popular …

Is It We Or They? The Effect Of Identity On Collaboration And Performance In Buyer-Supplier Relationships, Siqi Ma

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In today’s scale-driven and technology-intensive global economy, collaboration becomes the supply chain’s core capability (Liker and Choi, 2004). A well-developed ability to create and sustain fruitful collaborations gives companies a significant competitive advantage (Kanter, 1994). Retailers are increasingly relying on their suppliers to reduce costs, improve quality, and develop new processes and products faster than their rivals’ vendors can. On the other hand, suppliers benefit from retailers that they are able to monitor store-level demand in real time in order to ensure the top-selling items are in-stock or the accuracy and timeliness of retailer’s demand forecast. Previous literature has shown …

Decision Support System For Container Port Selection Using Multiple-Objective Decision Analysis, Rivelino De Icaza

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Ports are essential for maritime transportation and global supply chains since they are nodes that connect the sea- and land-based modes of transportation. With containerization and supply chains stimulating global trade, ports are challenged to adjust to changes in the market to create value to their customers. Therefore, this dissertation research focuses on the container port selection decision analysis to provide information to help shipping lines select the best port for their shipping networks. Since the problem is complex, dynamic, and involves multiple and conflicting criteria, the research proposes to use the multi-objective decision analysis with Value-Focused Thinking approach. The …

An Optimization Model For Operating Room Scheduling To Reduce Blocking Across The Perioperative Process, Amin Abedini, Wei Li, Honghan Ye

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Operating room (OR) scheduling is important. Because of increasing demand for surgical services, hospitals must provide high quality care more efficiently with limited resources. When constructing the OR schedule, it is necessary to consider the availability of downstream resources, such as intensive care unit (ICU) and post anaesthesia care unit (PACU). The unavailability of downstream resources causes blockings between every two consecutive stages. In this paper we address the master surgical schedule (MSS) problem in order to minimize blockings between two consecutive stages. First, we present a blocking minimization (BM) model for the MSS by using integer programming, based on …

The Value Of A Collegiate Far Part 141 Jeopardy-Crew Resource Management (Crm)-Simulation Event, Samuel M. Vance

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

This article explores the viability of using a FAR Part 141 collegiate crew resource management (CRM) flight simulator scenario event as a jeopardy event (a graded, syllabus item) in an upper-level professional pilot curriculum course. Ultimately, the objective is to suggest this approach as a value-added curriculum consideration for other collegiate professional pilot programs. The selection of four CRM criteria to be examined was made by the course professor. Using the four principles, the students assembled the grading rubric for their event. The simulator scenario placed students in airspace, geography and weather dissimilar to that in which they were training …

Space-Time Transportation System Modelling: From Traveler’S Characteristics To The Network Design Problem, Mohsen Parsafard

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Traditional network design problems only consider the long-term stationary travel patterns (e.g., fixed OD demand) and short-term variations of human mobility are ignored. This study aims to integrate human mobility characteristics and travel patterns into network design problems using a space-time network structure. Emerging technologies such as location-based social network platforms provide a unique opportunity for understanding human mobility patterns that can lead to advanced modeling techniques. To reach our goal, at first multimodal network design problems are investigated by considering safety and flow interactions between different modes of transport. We develop a network reconstruction method to expand a single-modal …

Table Of Contents Jitim Vol 26 Issue 2, 2017

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Table of Contents JITIM vol 26 issue 2, 2017