Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Commons^™

La1-Xsrxcoo3 Perovskite Nanomaterial: Synthesis, Characterization, And Its Biomedical Application, Adhira Tippur, Anyet Shohag, Luke Franco, Ahmed Touhami, Swati Mohan, Mohammed Uddin

Research Symposium

Early cancer detection is paramount for effective treatment and potential cures. This research explores the application of perovskite materials, specifically Sr2+-doped Lanthanum Cobaltite (La1-xSrxCoO3) nanomaterials, in cancer detection, with a focus on rats as an experimental model. The ferroelectric nature of these materials, synthesized through a combination of sol-gel and molten-salt processes, was examined at varying Sr2+ doping levels (1-20 wt%). Rigorous characterization, employing X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, confirmed the uniform morphology of nano cubes, laying the foundation for subsequent investigations. The magnetic properties of the perovskite nanoparticles were probed, suggesting their potential as a diagnostic tool for …

Comparative Assessment Of Gold Nanoparticle-Antibody Conjugates With Two Differently Shaped Particles For Multimodal Colorimetric Lateral Flow Assay, Vinayak Sharma, Bilal Javed, Furong Tian

Articles

Novel detection strategies that exploit the unique properties of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) hold great potential for the advancement of point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, such as lateral flow and dipstick immunoassay [1–3]. Owing to its biocompatibility and convenient surface modifications, gold nanoparticles with enhanced sensitivity reduce the sample-to-answer times to less than 5 min (Figure 1). Methods like covalent conjugation and electrostatic adsorption are explored for antibody immobilization to develop a gold nanoparticle-based biosensor for fast and sensitive localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) for both basic research and clinical diagnostics. The mounting of antibodies on the gold nanoparticle surface requires selective binding …

Study On R&D Strategies In Nanoscale Science And Technology Of Powerhouses And Insights, Wenyue Bian, Xingjie Liang, Chunlei Ge, Zhongyang Hui, Xiaoqi Jia, Si Liu, Jing Ye, Xiaoyi Chen, Wenjun Wang, Huajun Ju

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Nanoscale science and technology (nano S&T) are at the frontier of global strategic high-tech competition. After examining nearly 160 strategy and planning documents released by scientific and technological powerhouses from 2000 to 2023, the study finds ten common approaches adopted by the powerhouses to advance nano S&T as follows. (1) Recognizing nano S&T as a key area for the economy and global competition. (2) Establishing cross-department organizations to meet the cross-disciplinary nature of nano S&T. (3) Developing strategic plans to guide the development of nano S&T and implementing major programs with significant investment. (4) Establishing multidisciplinary nano S&T research centers …

6d Single-Fluorogen Orientation-Localization Microscopy For Elucidating The Architecture Of Beta-Sheet Assemblies And Biomolecular Condensates, Tingting Wu, Weiyan Zhou, Jai S. Rudra, Rohit V. Pappu, Matthew D. Lew

Electrical & Systems Engineering Publications and Presentations

We develop six-dimensional single-molecule orientation-localization microscopy (SMOLM) to measure the 3D positions and 3D orientations simultaneously of single fluorophores. We show how careful optimization of phase and polarization modulation components can encode phase, polarization, and angular spectrum information from each fluorescence photon into a microscope’s dipole-spread function. We used the transient binding and blinking of Nile red (NR) to characterize the helical structure of fibrils formed by designed amphipathic peptides, KFE8^L and KFE8^D, and the pathological amyloid-beta peptide Aβ42. We also deployed merocyanine 540 to uncover the interfacial architectures of biomolecular condensates.

New Models For Estimating Minimum Miscibility Pressure Of Pure And Impure Carbon Dioxide Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques, Attia Attia, Ahmed Ashraf Soliman Eng., John Shahat Eng., Sayed Gomaa Prof., Fares Ashraf El Salamony Prof.

Petroleum Engineering and Gas

CO2 miscible flooding stands out as one of the most-commonly employed and promising processes in enhanced oil recovery. The key factor for ensuring success in designing and executing CO2 injection projects lies in the precise determination of the Minimum Miscibility Pressure (MMP). Despite significant research endeavors in measuring and predicting the MMP through the use of empirical, analytical, numerical, and experimental approaches, the need for a comprehensive, accurate, efficient, and easy-to-use model remains. In response to this gap, our study developed various predictive models with 205 datasets, including well-established ones such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF), and …

Blow-Spun Hybrid Pcl-Peo/Hnts Scaffolds With Enhanced Biological And Mechanical Properties, Meichen Liu

Doctoral Dissertations

With the development of technology and engineering, nanotechnology has been a multidisciplinary scientific field applied in nearly all science areas, including medicine, genetics, food industry, robotics. In this respect, nanomedicine has gained increasing attention and been a useful, effective therapy for cancer diagnosis, gene transfer, and drug delivery. To design an ideal nano drug delivery system with controlled drug releasing and improved encapsulated drug’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, hydrogels and polymer composites have witnessed increased research interest during the last decades. Recently, numerous polymers have been studied to fabricate the ideal wound dressing with biocompatibility, biodegradability, porous structural, and suitable …

Selective Targeting Of Microglia By Quantum Dots And Green Synthesis Of Metal Organic Biohybrids; Applications In Dynamic Cell And Assay Systems, Navya Uppu

Doctoral Dissertations

Neurological disorders are the leading cause of physical and cognitive disability across the globe, currently affecting approximately 15% of the worldwide population. Part of the glioma microenvironment are microglia, resident immune cells of the CNS that were thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of diverse neurodegenerative diseases. Though it remains uncertain what triggers microglial activation in these disorders, targeting and tracking microglial functions using nanotools like Quantum Dots (QDs) could help us elucidate them in such neurological diseases. This research focuses on the comparative study of different QDs formulations and their selective uptake by brain microglia in primary cultures …

Joint Time-Frequency Analysis: Taking Charge Penetration Depth And Current Spatial Distribution In The Single Pore As An Example, Nan Wang, Qiu-An Huang, Wei-Heng Li, Yu-Xuan Bai, Jiu-Jun Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

In recent years, joint time-frequency analysis has once again become a research hotspot. Supercapacitors have high power density and long service life, however, in order to balance between power density and energy density, two key factors need to be considered: (i) the specific surface area of the porous matrix; (ii) the electrolyte accessibility to the intra-pore space of porous carbon matrix. Electrochemical impedance spectra are extensively used to investigate charge penetration ratio and charge storage mechanism in the porous electrode for capacitance energy storage. Furthermore, similar results could be obtained by different methods such as stable-state analysis in the frequency …

Automated Workflow For Redox Potentials And Acidity Constants Calculations From Machine Learning Molecular Dynamics, Feng Wang, Jun Cheng

Journal of Electrochemistry

Redox potentials and acidity constants are key properties for evaluating the performance of energy materials. To achieve computational design of new generation of energy materials with higher performances, computing redox potentials and acidity constants with computational chemistry have attracted lots of attention. However, many works are done by using implicit solvation models, which is difficult to be applied to complex solvation environments due to hard parameterization. Recently, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) has been applied to investigate real electrolytes with complex solvation. Furthermore, AIMD based free energy calculation methods have been established to calculate these physical chemical properties accurately. However, …

Copper−Cystine Biohybrid-Embedded Nanofiber Aerogels Show Antibacterial And Angiogenic Properties, Anik Karan, Navatha S. Polavaram, Margarita Darder, Yajuan Su, Syed Muntazir Andrabi, S M Shatil Shahriar, Johnson V. John, Zeyu Luo, Mark A. Decoster, Yu Shrike Zhang, Jingwei Xie

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Copper−cystine-based high aspect ratio structures (CuHARS) possess exceptional physical and chemical properties and exhibit remarkable biodegradability in human physiological conditions. Extensive testing has confirmed the biocompatibility and biodegradability of CuHARS under diverse biological conditions, making them a viable source of essential Cu²⁺. These ions are vital for catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from the decomposition of Snitrosothiols (RSNOs) found in human blood. The ability of CuHARS to act as a Cu²⁺ donor under specific concentrations has been demonstrated in this study, resulting in the generation of elevated levels of NO. Consequently, this dual function makes …

Nanoparticles For Applications In Specific Diagnostics And Precision Medicine, Naxhije Berisha

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Heterogeneity is common in the expression of cancer and treatment response. Precision medicine enables healthcare providers to tailor medical care to an individual's distinct genetic and environmental makeup. This customization has the potential to result in more efficient treatments while minimizing side effects. We believe that by studying the interface of nanotechnology and cancer medicine we can elucidate innovative solutions that address the challenges of disease heterogeneity. This includes advancements in drug delivery, formulations development, and diagnostic sensing. We highlight three studies that use nanotechnology for applications in precision medicine. In Chapter 2, we highlight design optimization of drug formulations …

The Effect Of Mechanical Strain On The Electronic Conductivity Of Α- Fe2o3: A Density Functional Theory Study, Sheriff Naziru Abdulmutalib

Theses and Dissertations

Hydrogen has emerged as a promising future energy carrier due to its ability to produce zero carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions when burned. However, the limited natural abundance of hydrogen necessitates the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly methods for large-scale hydrogen production. Among the different hydrogen production approaches, photoelectrochemical water splitting, which employs a photoanode material in a cell using solar energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen, is the focus of this work. α-Fe2O3 (hematite) is a photoanode material that shows a promising future for hydrogen generation in a photoelectrochemical cells due to its cheapness, availability, and its …

Mechanical And Electromagnetic Properties Of Incorporating Graphene Oxide In Cementitious Mixtures, Cherif Khalil

Theses and Dissertations

This multidisciplinary study aimed at investigating the impact of incorporating graphene oxide (GO) on the mechanical properties and electromagnetic (EM) shielding effectiveness of cementitious mixtures, as well as critically examining the mechanism with which GO affects their microstructure properties. Analysis of the literature review showed that there are discrepancies in reporting the impact of GO on the mortar mix. Consequently, this study focuses on exploring the cause for such discrepancies and identifies three main factors which are thoroughly investigated. The factors were the different sonication energies applied to the GO (Shear Mixing, 1.5 kJ/ml, 3 kJ/ml and 6 kJ/ml), the …

Smartphone Color Error Analysis, Mackenna Hawes

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Rational Design Of Heterostructured Nanomaterials For Accelerating Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Kinetics In Alkaline Media, Hai-Bin Ma, Xiao-Yan Zhou, Jia-Yi Li, Hong-Fei Cheng, Ji-Wei Ma

Journal of Electrochemistry

Owing to the merits of high energy density, as well as clean and sustainable properties, hydrogen has been deemed to be a prominent alternative energy to traditional fossil fuels. Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has been considered to be mostly promising for achieving green hydrogen production, and has been widely studied in acidic and alkaline solutions. In particular, HER in alkaline media has high potential to achieve large-scale hydrogen production because of the increased durability of electrode materials. However, for the currently most prominent catalyst Pt, its HER kinetics in an alkaline solution is generally 2–3 orders lower than that …

Monodispersed Cu-Tcpp/Cu2O Hybrid Microspheres: A Superior Cascade Electrocatalyst Toward Co2 Reduction To C2 Products, Zi-Xuan Wan, Aidar Kuchkaev, Dmitry Yakhvarov, Xiong-Wu Kang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into valuable chemicals is a feasible way to mitigate the negative impacts of overmuch CO₂ emissions. Porphyrin-based metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are expected to be used for selective and efficient electrochemical CO₂ reduction (ECR) with porous structure and ordered active sites. Herein, we report the synthesis of a monodispersed and spherical organic/inorganic hybrid Cu-TCPP@Cu₂O electrocatalyst composed of Cu-TCPP (TCPP=tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin) and Cu₂O, where TCPP plays significant roles in regulating the morphology. In-situ formed Cu during ECR process in combination with Cu-TCPP (Cu-TCPP@Cu) can suppress …

Implantation Of A Capsular Tension Ring During Cataract Surgery Attenuates Predicted Remodeling Of The Post-Surgical Lens Capsule Along The Visual Axis, Kurt A. Ameku, Caleb C. Berggren, Ryan M. Pedrigi

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Introduction: Cataract surgery permanently alters the mechanical environment of the lens capsule by placing a hole in the anterior portion and implanting an intraocular lens (IOL) that has a very different geometry from the native lens. We hypothesized that implant configuration and mechanical interactions with the post-surgical lens capsule play a key role in determining long-term fibrotic remodeling.

Methods: We developed the first finite element-growth and remodeling (FE-G&R) model of the post-surgical lens capsule to evaluate how implantation of an IOL with and without a capsular tension ring (CTR) impacted evolving lens capsule mechanics and associated fibrosis over …

Engineering Neurotoxin-Functionalized Exosomes For Targeted Delivery To The Peripheral Nervous System, Mena Asha Krishnan, Olawale A. Alimi, Tianshu Pan, Mitchell Kuss, Zeljka Korade, Guoku Hu, Bo Liu, Bin Duan

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

The administration of therapeutics to peripheral nerve tissue is challenging due to the complexities of peripheral neuroanatomy and the limitations imposed by the blood–nerve barrier (BNB). Therefore, there is a pressing need to enhance delivery effectiveness and implement targeted delivery methods. Recently, erythrocyte-derived exosomes (Exos) have gained widespread attention as biocompatible vehicles for therapeutics in clinical applications. However, engineering targeted Exos for the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is still challenging. This study aims to develop a targeted Exo delivery system specifically designed for presynaptic terminals of peripheral nerve tissue. The clostridium neurotoxin, tetanus toxin-C fragment (TTC), was tethered to the …

Yap Mechanotransduction Under Cyclic Mechanical Stretch Loading For Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteogenesis Is Regulated By Rock, Eunju Kim, Brandon D. Riehl, Tasneem Bouzid, Ruiguo Yang, Bin Duan, Henry J. Donahue, Jung Yul Lim

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

While yes-associated protein (YAP) is now recognized as a potent mechanosensitive transcriptional regulator to affect cell growth and differentiation including the osteogenic transcription of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), most studies have reported the YAP mechanosensing of static mechanophysical cues such as substrate stiffness. We tested MSC response to dynamic loading, i.e., cyclic mechanical stretching, and assessed YAP mechanosensing and resultant MSC osteogenesis. We showed that cyclic stretching at 10% strain and 1 Hz frequency triggered YAP nuclear import in MSCs. YAP phosphorylation at S127 and S397, which is required for YAP cytoplasmic retention, was suppressed by cyclic stretch. We also …

A Smart Energy-Efficient Hybrid Gait Monitoring System, Elsa Joy Harris

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Triboelectric nanogenerators are devices that harvest mechanical energy from the environment and turn it into electricity. By coupling the effect of contact electrification and electrostatic induction between two materials that come into contact and then separate they can convert the irregular, low frequency, waste biomechanical energy of human motion into useful electrical energy to run small body-worn electronics. This has shown promising results in multiple applications such as self-powered motion and haptic sensing, self-charging micro-storage devices, neuromorphic computing, and designing batteryless circuits to power small wearables. This work will investigate a smart energy-efficient hybrid gait monitoring system that is powered …

Long-Term Simulation Of Stem Cell Mechanobiology, Manoochehr Rabiei

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

An accurate representation of cellular mechanobiology necessitates the inclusion of subcellular elements characterized by minute masses and dimensions. These minute objects yield multiscale dynamic models with disproportionate terms, which require inordinate amounts of computational time to simulate. The computational requirements limit the time span of the simulation to time histories shorter than one second, even when employing supercomputers. This work presents a high-speed approach to simulating the mechanobiology of stem cells. The proposed approach separates the computational time from the size, and distribution, of masses of the subcellular elements, enabling the simulation of weeks-long cellular processes within hours on a …

Applications Of Plasmonic Biosensors In Chiral And Achiral Sensing, Aritra Biswas

Graduate Thesis and Dissertation 2023-2024

Monitoring biological systems is crucial in healthcare, driving the need for reliable and noninvasive solutions. The proliferation of unverified drugs in the market necessitates reliable methods for their detection and identification, especially amidst advancements in pharmaceuticals. Plasmonic biosensors emerge as a great platform for ultra-sensitive detection, identification, and manipulation of biomolecular systems. This dissertation report addresses the critical need for precise detection and monitoring of biomolecules and drugs, presenting innovative solutions through the design of a plasmonic biosensor to tackle challenges in sensitivity, selectivity, and label-free detection and identification. We introduce a robust and tunable, cavity-integrated plasmonic nanopatterned sensor that …

Materials Development Towards Enhanced Performance And Stability Of Zinc-Iron Flow Batteries., Parimol Tippayamalee

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

To reduce CO2 production from fossil fuel consumption, which is the main cause of global boiling, renewable energy is necessary to help achieve zero CO2 emissions. However, large-scale renewable energy systems need huge stationary energy storage with high performance, long lifetime, and reasonable prices to serve energy stock during downtime. Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are one of the promising technologies for stationary energy storage applications. Yet, the current vanadium-based RFBs are plagued by high costs, material toxicity, and environmental concerns. Therefore, there is a need to develop lower-cost, safe, and environmentally friendly RFBs for long storage. For this reason, zinc-based …

Study Of Nanoparticle Dispersed Phase Change Materials And The Impact Of Temperature Gradient On The Potential For Particle Migration, Udit Sharma

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Supercooling in phase change materials (PCMs) and the associated challenges in enhancing thermal conductivity through nanoparticle dispersion prompted this investigation. Existing literature exhibits inconsistencies in thermal conductivity improvements, suggesting a potential correlation with nanoparticle migration induced by thermophoresis. To address this, a novel temperature-dependent scaling parameter, \(\xi\), was introduced to predict particle migration propensity. A strong association was observed between higher \(\xi\) values and diminished thermal conductivity enhancements, indicating a significant influence of nanoparticle movement on heat transfer.

To further elucidate this relationship, a Nanoparticle Interaction Parameter \(N_\text{{pl}}\) was developed, incorporating critical fluid properties and interfacial effects. The derived critical …

Type-B Energetic Processes: Introduction And Invitation To Special Issue Of Energies, James Weifu Lee, Daniel P. Sheehan

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

[First paragraph] Currently, there is substantial scientific evidence for the existence of Type-B energetic processes on Earth, such as the naturally occurring transmembrane-electrostatically localized protons (TELP) thermotrophic properties in life [1]. A number of groundbreaking human-made Type-B energetic processes, including (but not limited to) “asymmetric function-gated isothermal electricity production” [2], “epicatalysis generating a temperature difference between catalysis-asymmetric filaments” [3], “artificially made asymmetric membrane concentration cell” [4,5], “Fu’s experiment on heat–electric conversion using surface electron emission under a static magnetic field” [6], and the “dynamic processes in superconductors indicating Type-B energetic process” [7,8,9] have been invented and/or experimentally demonstrated. The innovative …

Photoluminescence Switching In Quantum Dots Connected With Carboxylic Acid And Thiocarboxylic Acid End-Group Diarylethene Molecules, Ephraiem S. Sarabamoun, Pramod Aryal, Jonathan M. Bietsch, Maurice Curran, Sugandha Verma, Grayson Johnson, Lucy U. Yoon, Amelia G. Reid, Esther H. R. Tsai, Charles W. Machan, Christopher Paolucci, Guijun Wang, Joshua J. Choi

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

We contrast the switching of photoluminescence (PL) of PbS quantum dots (QDs) cross-linked with photochromic diarylethene molecules with different end groups, 4,4′-(1-cyclopentene-1,2-diyl)bis[5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid] (1C) and 4,4′-(1-cyclopentene-1,2-diyl)bis[5-methyl-2-thiophenethiocarboxylic acid] (2T). Our results show that the QDs cross-linked with the carboxylic acid end group molecules (1C) exhibit a greater amount of switching in photoluminescence intensity compared to QDs cross-linked with the thiocarboxylic acid end group (2T). We also demonstrate that regardless of the molecule used, greater switching amounts are observed for smaller quantum dots. Varying these parameters allows for the fabrication of photoswitches with tunable PL change. We relate these observations to the …

Advanced Nested Coaxial Thin-Film Zno Nanostructures Synthesized By Atomic Layer Deposition For Improved Sensing Performance, Pengtao Lin, Lari S. Zhang, Kai Zhang, Helmut Baumgart

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

We report a new synthesis method for multiple-walled nested thin-film nanostructures by combining hydrothermal growth methods with atomic layer deposition (ALD) thin-film technology and sacrificial films, thereby increasing the surface-to-volume ratio to improve the sensing performance of novel ZnO gas sensors. Single-crystal ZnO nanorods serve as the core of the nanostructure assembly and were synthesized hydrothermally on fine-grained ALD ZnO seed films. Subsequently, the ZnO core nanotubes were coated with alternating sacrificial coaxial 3D wrap-around ALD Al2O3 films and ALD ZnO films. Basically, the center nanorod was coated with an ALD 3D wrap-around Al₂O₃ sacrificial layer to realize a nested …

Design And Performance Of Superconducting Switches For Nanowire Detectors In Magnetic Fields, Timothy James Draher

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Superconducting nanowire devices fit a broad spectrum of applications, including particle detection and quantum computing, and their expanding use across various fields highlights their role in the hybridization of superconducting and conventional semiconductor electronics. Despite their potential, the low signal output of these devices raises challenges in scalability and integration, particularly in applications for nuclear and high-energy physics, where resilience in magnetic fields is becoming a critical optimization factor. The superconducting nanowire cryotron (nTron) addresses these issues by providing operational gain and logic switching in superconducting nanowire circuits, demonstrating adaptability to multiple materials. This dissertation focuses on modifying the conventional …

Nanoparticle Stabilized Interfaces And Their Effect On Foam Stability, Nicole T. Donovan

Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.

An Overview Of The Relationships Between The Food Industry And Nanotechnology, Mehdi Koushki, Nasrin Amiri-Dashatan, Hossein Pourghadamyari, Hadi Khodabandehloo, Fatemeh Bagheri, Masoumeh Farahani, Lobat Tayebi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Background and Objective: Due to the growth of the global population, food demands are increasing. Hence, the need to develop more efficient methods for producing better quality, safer, and more sustainable food seems essential. In the past decades, the use of nanoscale materials has increased greatly due to the unique chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of nanomaterials compared to bulk materials. This research presents nanotechnology role in improving sensorial properties (taste, appearance, and texture) and safety aspects as well as processing and packaging of foods. The use of nano-omics-based technologies and artificial intelligence-nanotechnology-based technologies in the food industry is also …