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Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities

Preceding Footsteps In Revolution: The History Of The Southern Negro Youth Congress, Donnae' Hampton Jan 2023

Preceding Footsteps In Revolution: The History Of The Southern Negro Youth Congress, Donnae' Hampton

All ETDs from UAB

This thesis is a comprehensive history of the Southern Negro Youth Congress including the social circumstances that led to its formation, the work and people of the organization, and its impact and influence on future civil rights organizations and Black leftist movements of the late 1960s. The Southern Black communist organization was formed in 1937 and officially disbanded in 1949. SNYC committed itself to unionizing, educating, registering people to vote, and exposing racial horrors in the South for Black southerners. In 1939, SNYC moved its headquarters to Birmingham, Alabama. The segregated city of Birmingham in 1939 was the industrial center …


A Colorblind Approach To Silencing African American Voices Through The Banning Of Critical Race Theory, Mia J. Freeman Jan 2023

A Colorblind Approach To Silencing African American Voices Through The Banning Of Critical Race Theory, Mia J. Freeman

All ETDs from UAB

This thesis focused on addressing the framing of criticisms of Toni Morrison's Beloved in the state of Virginia through the context of African American Criticism and Critical Race Theory. The methodology undertaken addresses the central research question, How might African American Criticism and Critical Race Theory provide a theoretical framework for responding to recent criticisms about Beloved? The researcher approached Beloved by historicizing select passages from the novel and situating those passages and the realities they reflect in the context of criticisms waged by parents and politicians. The thesis also explained how tenets of African American Criticism and Critical Race …


Accuracy Of Ancestry Estimation In Forensic Anthropology: An Examination Of Select Nonmetric Methods, Mackenzie Miller Jan 2023

Accuracy Of Ancestry Estimation In Forensic Anthropology: An Examination Of Select Nonmetric Methods, Mackenzie Miller

All ETDs from UAB

A goal of forensic anthropology is to aid in identifying unidentified human remains, often by creating a biological profile. An important piece of this profile is an ancestry estimate, and methodological accuracy is taken seriously. Traditional typological nonmetric methods of ancestry are heavily critiqued for being subjective and lacking scientific rigor in analysis. In addition, these methods are noted for conflating morphological traits with specific ancestral categories, ignoring the reality of continuous human variation. To combat this, scholars have proposed morphoscopic nonmetric methods as an alternative because they retain the accessibility popularized by typological methods but add a layer of …


Systemic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Driving Impairments Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Alecia Mercier Jan 2023

Systemic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Driving Impairments Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Alecia Mercier

All ETDs from UAB

A developmental milestone that both contributes to and facilitates a successful transition into adulthood is the ability to drive. Despite the importance of driving on independence, only one in three autistic adolescents successfully obtain a driver’s license by age 21 compared to over three-fourths of non-autistic adolescents obtaining their licensure by 21 (Curry et al., 2018; Federal Highway Administration [FHA], 2020). The current study identified published findings related to autistic drivers and quantified the statistical significance of the conditions and driving contexts in which autistic drivers show the greatest risk for negative driving outcomes. A systematic search yielded 37 articles …


Reframing The Study Of Peace Through The Lens Of Complex Adaptive Systems, Nick Mauro Jan 2023

Reframing The Study Of Peace Through The Lens Of Complex Adaptive Systems, Nick Mauro

All ETDs from UAB

Many researchers studying peace have posited that peace is a system. Although this approach has recently included steps to address complexity, current models have not sufficiently integrated their approach with complex adaptive systems to produce functionally dynamic models. Rather, current models describe peace systems as teleological and linear, which creates closed systems that do not incorporate feedback from the environment and, therefore, do not identify adaptive processes. Furthermore, these models reflect the state of a system, an arrangement of constituent parts in specific contexts, rather than capturing the complexity that is necessary for describing a dynamic system. To address these …


Successful Aging Among Midlife Black Women: A Latent Class Analysis, Joshua Christian Julian Lewis Jan 2023

Successful Aging Among Midlife Black Women: A Latent Class Analysis, Joshua Christian Julian Lewis

All ETDs from UAB

Successful aging (SA), as outlined by Rowe and Khan, with its objective focus on disease and disability avoidance, maintaining high physical and cognitive function, and sustaining engagement in social and productive activities, was meant to be a benchmark for assessing health and aging. However, given its rigid criteria virtually no one “ages successfully” despite being in otherwise relatively good health. The assumption of unsuccessful aging in populations who experience a higher prevalence of chronic disease, illness, disability, and other health disparities, is implicit in the SA framework outlined by Rowe and Khan and would preclude many Black women from being …


Pieces Of Me, Lorice Tolbert Jan 2023

Pieces Of Me, Lorice Tolbert

All ETDs from UAB

Pieces of Me is a compilation of thoughts and memories in the form of micro-memoirs and short stories. Themes range from darker subject matters discussing abuse and grief to lighter topics such as hope and friendship. While each narrative may feature a different aspect, they are all parts of the same unique life experience. This work is about persevering, sometimes under strenuous circumstances, and finding your way to the other side.


Family Members' Education And Cognitive Functioning Among Older Adults: Investigating The Mediating Role Of Health Behaviors, Lu Tian Jan 2023

Family Members' Education And Cognitive Functioning Among Older Adults: Investigating The Mediating Role Of Health Behaviors, Lu Tian

All ETDs from UAB

Despite a well-established relationship between education and cognitive performance in later life, few studies have considered the effects of educational attainment of the family. The education of one's parents can help prevent cognitive decline, as parents (G1) with more education can transfer more health knowledge, teach health literacy, and cultivate healthy lifestyles. This downward spillover between parental education (G1) and older adults’ (G2) cognitive health is well documented. For the downstream effect, attention is often given to maternal education rather than paternal education. Another line of research examined intergenerational transmissions from children (G3) to parents (G2), finding that having well-educated …


Persuasion In Descriptions Of Medical Crowdfunding On Gofundme: When Children Fundraise For Their Mothers' Lung Cancer, Ziyu Zhao Jan 2023

Persuasion In Descriptions Of Medical Crowdfunding On Gofundme: When Children Fundraise For Their Mothers' Lung Cancer, Ziyu Zhao

All ETDs from UAB

Medical needs have become one of the top categories in online crowdfunding in the United States (Chandler, 2015). However, the level of donations falls short of what is needed to cover the high costs of healthcare (Norton, 2022; Young & Scheinberg, 2017). Therefore, more successful promotion of medical crowdfunding campaigns is crucial. This thesis research examined the influence of two persuasive factors, appeal type and cover images, in medical crowdfunding of lung cancer on backers’ donation behaviors on GoFundMe with manual coding and Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC). The study found no statistically reliable support for the hypotheses, perhaps …


Us Tv News' Portrayal Of The Types Of Bystander Intervention In Public Scenes Of Conflict And/Or Duress, Audrey Shreiner Jan 2023

Us Tv News' Portrayal Of The Types Of Bystander Intervention In Public Scenes Of Conflict And/Or Duress, Audrey Shreiner

All ETDs from UAB

This research aims to analyze the types of bystander intervention in public scenes of conflict and/ or duress as presented by United States (U.S.) broadcast media news sources, specifically television (TV). Stories of bystander intervention are regularly featured in news coverage of mass media. As a source of information and entertainment, media is a space of cultural (re)formation. Video analysis of real-life behavior, rather than lab constructs, expands the possibility of what can be observed of human behavior. This is what has expanded the understanding of the behavior of bystander intervention and has challenged the theory of the bystander effect. …


Investigating The Reproductive Biology Of The Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle And The Diamondback Terrapin: Implications For Conservation, Robby Joseph Brannum Jan 2023

Investigating The Reproductive Biology Of The Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle And The Diamondback Terrapin: Implications For Conservation, Robby Joseph Brannum

All ETDs from UAB

The studies conducted within this thesis used physiological-based methodologies to assess the reproductive and developmental biology of two threatened turtle species. Chapter one investigates the decreased clutch frequency hypothesis as a potential cause for the recent loss in the 19% annual recovery rate in the Kemp’s ridley, Lepidochelys kempii. This study combined ultrasonography, testosterone analysis, and PIT tag assessment methods to re-evaluate the clutch frequency of Kemp’s ridleys nesting at the primary nesting beach of Rancho Nuevo. Results estimated a clutch frequency of 2.6 nests per female per season, suggesting that decreases in clutch frequency are not a potential factor …


Increasing Naloxone Access For Persons Who Use Opioids: An Online Recruitment And Training Approach To Opioid Overdose Education And Naloxone Distribution, Michelle L. Sisson Jan 2023

Increasing Naloxone Access For Persons Who Use Opioids: An Online Recruitment And Training Approach To Opioid Overdose Education And Naloxone Distribution, Michelle L. Sisson

All ETDs from UAB

Drug overdose is the primary cause of accidental death in the United States, with a majority of those fatalities involving opioids. Annual rates of fatal opioid overdoses have exponentially increased over the past two decades, leading to the declaration of the current opioid epidemic. The severity of the epidemic has increased due to an upsurge in the use of heroin, synthetic opioids (e.g., fentanyl), and the lacing of other substances with synthetic opioids. As such, federal agencies have made recommendations aimed at combating fatal opioid overdose including the enhancement of naloxone distribution. Administration of naloxone has been expanded from emergency …


Rates, Presentation, & Effects Of Public Autism Stigma, Monica Abdul-Chani Jan 2023

Rates, Presentation, & Effects Of Public Autism Stigma, Monica Abdul-Chani

All ETDs from UAB

Limited availability of resources regarding developmental issues, health literacy, linguistic-sensitivity (i.e., use of linguistically appropriate resources and measures), structural barriers (i.e., appointment length, transportation), and cultural values and beliefs are commonly-cited barriers in identifying Latine autistic children. Stigma may also play a role, as it is negatively related to both knowledge/awareness within ASD and to acculturation in other disorders (i.e., HIV). Stigma can have detrimental, pervasive effects on daily living for those stigmatized and their families. Limited research examined the rate, presentation, and effect of ASD stigma within the Latine community, and all available studies explored stigma as reported by …


Unveiling The Unknown Rna-Binding Landscape Of Srsf1, Naiduwadura Ivon Upekala De Silva Jan 2023

Unveiling The Unknown Rna-Binding Landscape Of Srsf1, Naiduwadura Ivon Upekala De Silva

All ETDs from UAB

SRSF1 is a prototypical SR protein and its interactions with single stranded RNA (ssRNA) are crucial in mRNA splicing. Its RNA-binding specificity is governed by the RNA-binding Domain (RBD), which contains two RNA Recognition Motifs (RRMs) tethered by a flexible linker. Its C-terminal unstructured Serine-Arginine-rich (RS) domain has been believed to bind RNA non-specifically so far. Although SRSF1 is known to bind a variety of RNA containing its RRM-cognate motifs, its interactions with such RNA have been poorly characterized. Therefore, we explore how SRSF1 achieves a broad RNA-binding specificity ranging from ssRNA to G-quadruplex (GQ) RNA. According to our Fluorescence …


The Er Stress-Pathogen Nexus In Regulation Of Cell Death In Arabidopsis Immunity, Danish Diwan Jan 2023

The Er Stress-Pathogen Nexus In Regulation Of Cell Death In Arabidopsis Immunity, Danish Diwan

All ETDs from UAB

Pathogens and plants are involved in a coevolutionary battle for dominance. As plants lack adaptive immune systems, they rely on their innate immunity to protect themselves from infectious agents. Upon pathogen attack, plant cells activate their pro-survival strategy by recognizing the pathogen and actively transcribing and translating proteins to effectively defend against the pathogen infection. As the intensity of infection increases, the heightened demand for proteins places an excessive burden on the ER machinery resulting in the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins within the ER. To restore the protein homeostasis, a cellular relief signaling pathway called Unfolded Protein Response …


Enhancing Racial Identity And Promoting Academic Enablers In Black Adolescent Males Through Film Viewing, Carlos Napoleon Espinoza Jan 2023

Enhancing Racial Identity And Promoting Academic Enablers In Black Adolescent Males Through Film Viewing, Carlos Napoleon Espinoza

All ETDs from UAB

Among Black adolescent males, classroom discrimination is associated with lower academic performance, academic self-concept, and value placed on education. Although efforts aimed at eliminating racism and discrimination should be made, it is important to identify interventions that may mitigate the effects of discrimination on academic outcomes of Black adolescent males. Previously identified protective factors include positive racial socialization, positive racial identity, and Black role models. Thus, this project attempted to integrate these protective factors into a unified intervention approach in which Black role models deliver positive racial socialization messages to enhance positive racial identity and academic enablers through films. Preexisting …


Investigating The Epigenetic Mechanisms Regulating Gene Expression And Dna Methylation In Rainbow Trout And Zebrafish, Khalid Walid Freij Jan 2023

Investigating The Epigenetic Mechanisms Regulating Gene Expression And Dna Methylation In Rainbow Trout And Zebrafish, Khalid Walid Freij

All ETDs from UAB

With the expansion of the aquaculture industry, sustainable shifts in aquaculture must be made to access nutrients essential to human health in response to a decline in marine resources for aquafeeds. Along with shifts in aquafeed composition, selective breeding programs aid in enhancing production-related traits, like growth and feed efficiency, and disease resistance to improve overall profits. Dietary components are important in relation to the growth and metabolism of fishes. Recent research has focused on the benefits of micronutrient supplementation (e.g., choline, methionine, selenium, etc.) on growth performance in fishes. Rainbow trout are a commercially important aquaculture species in the …


Variation In The Gut Microbiome In Response To Nutrition In Danio Rerio, George Brian Hadley Green Jan 2023

Variation In The Gut Microbiome In Response To Nutrition In Danio Rerio, George Brian Hadley Green

All ETDs from UAB

Like humans, Danio rerio, commonly known as the zebrafish, generally harbor millions of gut microbes, whose commensal microbial organisms aid in digestive physiology, nutrition, and host health. The emergence of high throughput sequencing technology (HTS) enables researchers to sequence collective microbial genomes, providing information on the composition of entire microbial communities, as well as the dynamics across taxa encompassing the overall community. Thus, the advancement of genome sequencing and metagenomic analysis have provided a broader understanding of resident and exogenous microbes across biological model organisms. These technologies have enabled researchers to review a spectrum of endogenous and exogenous factors influencing …


Synthesis And Characterization Of High Entropy Borides Under High-Pressure And High-Temperature Environments, Seth David Iwan Jan 2023

Synthesis And Characterization Of High Entropy Borides Under High-Pressure And High-Temperature Environments, Seth David Iwan

All ETDs from UAB

The high-entropy materials containing five or more constituent elements are of current interest because of enhancement in physical, mechanical, and thermal properties that are not achievable by simple elements or binary alloys. In this thesis, high pressure and high temperature synthesis studies have been carried out on High-Entropy Borides(HEB) like (Hf0.2, Mo0.2, Nb0.2, Ta0.2, Zr0.2)B2 , (Hf0.2, Mo0.2, Nb0.2, Ta0.2, Ti0.2)B2, and (Hf0.2, Ti0.2, Zr0.2, Ta0.2, Mo0.2)B2, at the Advanced Photon Source(APS) High Pressure Collaborative Access Team (HPCAT) Facility. These High Entropy materials are synthesized under high pressure and high temperature starting from a precursor powder composed of desired transition …


The Effects Of Genetics, Sex, And Physical Activity On Organismal Fitness, Heidi Johnson Jan 2023

The Effects Of Genetics, Sex, And Physical Activity On Organismal Fitness, Heidi Johnson

All ETDs from UAB

Physical activity is an integral part of health in most organisms; however, depending on the amount and type of physical activity, the results may be either protective or harmful. We see this in human populations where sedentary behaviors can lead to dangerous health conditions while repeated strenuous exercise can lead to long-term damage. Additionally, genetic background and sex influence the physiological response to physical activity, but the exact mechanisms of these interactions are still not well understood. The importance of physical activity patterns extends beyond humans. In model organisms, physical activity has been observed to have many significant impacts in …


Transdiagnostic Symptom Clusters Among Idiopathic Pain And Fatigue Disorders, Chloe Lisette Jones Jan 2023

Transdiagnostic Symptom Clusters Among Idiopathic Pain And Fatigue Disorders, Chloe Lisette Jones

All ETDs from UAB

Background: There are no established etiologies, biomarkers, or approved treatments for myalgicencephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). It is thought that the ME/CFS criteria may be diagnosing individuals within a spectrum of different disease states, or even different diseases. There likely exist shared mechanisms across idiopathic pain and fatigue disorders, and diverse mechanisms underneath each individual diagnosis. The need to compare ME/CFS to similar, overlapping, and distinct disorders is a critical element in progressing our understanding of idiopathic pain and fatigue. Methods: A total of 2,731 comprehensive medical history and symptom reports were collected from respondents across the globe with a variety …


Physiology And Energetics Of Resilient Coral-Dinoflagellate Communities, Elise F. Keister Jan 2023

Physiology And Energetics Of Resilient Coral-Dinoflagellate Communities, Elise F. Keister

All ETDs from UAB

Despite coral reefs declining globally, thermally resilient coral-dinoflagellate communities have been identified, providing insight into how corals can inhabit warmer environments. These corals are able to better resist and recover from thermal stress events compared to adjacent, offshore conspecifics that are found in habitats that have cooler temperatures. To better understand the physiological traits that make corals resilient, I measured the initial tissue biomass and energy reserves of eight coral species. These corals were collected from both warm-water nearshore habitats and offshore reefs with milder temperatures in Palau, Micronesia. Despite contrasting environments, coral tissue similarities between these populations were striking, …


Examining The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic And Subsequent Vaccine Availability On Children’S Social Play Opportunities With A Focus On The Autism Community, Jenni Koehler Jan 2023

Examining The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic And Subsequent Vaccine Availability On Children’S Social Play Opportunities With A Focus On The Autism Community, Jenni Koehler

All ETDs from UAB

Play, especially social play, is crucial to child development and impacts their cognitive, socioemotional, and motor growth. Children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have social and motor impairments that act as barriers to their access to these critical social play opportunities. Those who are able to overcome these barriers through therapy have been shown to have better physical and mental outcomes. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic restricted social play opportunities for all children and disproportionately impacted children with ASD, further widening developmental gaps between them and their non-autistic peers. The development of the COVID-19 vaccine and its availability to children …


Open-Vocabulary Scene Graph Generation With Compositional Prompt-Tuning, Mirza Tanzim Sami Jan 2023

Open-Vocabulary Scene Graph Generation With Compositional Prompt-Tuning, Mirza Tanzim Sami

All ETDs from UAB

Scene graphs are explicit data structures that express the semantics of an image. It is semantically richer than simple image encodings from Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) because objects (big or small) are represented as distinct nodes and the relationship between them are expressed as labeled edges in a graph structure. Thus, scene graphs can express not only the visual context of an image but also the relationship context between pairs of objects. This added context information makes scene graphs ideal for several downstream visual language (VL) tasks such as Visual Question Answering (VQA), image captioning, text to image retrieval, and …


"'Wimpy White Boy Syndrome': Does It Exist In The Nicu?", Brittany Nicole Stewart Jan 2023

"'Wimpy White Boy Syndrome': Does It Exist In The Nicu?", Brittany Nicole Stewart

All ETDs from UAB

“Wimpy White Boy Syndrome” (WWBS) is a social phenomenon and belief that exists in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), where white boys fare the worst and Black girls fare the best. However, this belief is based on little to no empirical evidence and contradicts the majority of the research that documents Black Americans tend to have worse health outcomes than white Americans. Utilizing electronic medical record data from a Southern, regional, and level IV neonatal intensive care unit, this research project explored racial differences in length of hospital stay, mortality, and resource allocation among low and very low birthweight …


Role Of Gtp Cyclohydrolase I In Glioblastoma, Kaysaw C. Tuy Jan 2023

Role Of Gtp Cyclohydrolase I In Glioblastoma, Kaysaw C. Tuy

All ETDs from UAB

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults with a median survival of 15 months. Poor patient survival is, in part, caused by a stem-like and therapy-resistant population of brain tumor initiating cells (BTICs). BTICs are plastic, with the capacity to overcome oxidative damage. Guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I (GCH1), a rate limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of the redox cofactor, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), was previously identified as a significant regulator of oxidative stress in BTICs. Reducing oxidative damage in the form of lipid peroxidation is imperative for GBM growth: lipid metabolism is required for the …


Impact Of Alcohol Intoxication On Pedestrian Risk-Taking Behaviors, Yixin Wang Jan 2023

Impact Of Alcohol Intoxication On Pedestrian Risk-Taking Behaviors, Yixin Wang

All ETDs from UAB

In the United States, motor vehicle crashes account for approximately 21.8% of unintentionaldeaths, and 17.2% of these crashes involved the death of a pedestrian in 2020. Two preventable factors that impact pedestrian fatalities are alcohol intoxication and smartphone distraction. Approximately 30% of fatal pedestrian crashes involve a pedestrian with a BAC of at least 0.08, and distraction is a commonly observed risk factor that was shown to impair crossing performance in virtual environments. The present research considers both distraction and intoxication as risk factors for pedestrian safety, examining both risk factors in isolation as well as their interactional effects on …


The Influence Of Economic Disadvantage On The Health And Well-Being Of Youth Transitioning To Adulthood, Shanquela Williams Jan 2023

The Influence Of Economic Disadvantage On The Health And Well-Being Of Youth Transitioning To Adulthood, Shanquela Williams

All ETDs from UAB

Young adults transitioning to adulthood from economically disadvantaged backgrounds may experience physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional challenges. Resources and opportunities available during this transition can significantly impact their ability to integrate into society. The impact of economic disadvantage on the well-being of youth transitioning to adulthood remains understudied. The purpose of this study was to understand how economic disadvantage influenced the well-being of youth transitioning into adulthood. This project used longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and its supplements: the Child Development Supplement (CDS) and the Transition into Adulthood Supplement (TAS). Hypothesis one results revealed that young …


Roles Of Dietary Bioactive Compounds In Gut Microbiota Modulation And Epigenetic Regulation In The Prevention Of Breast Cancer, Huixin Wu Jan 2023

Roles Of Dietary Bioactive Compounds In Gut Microbiota Modulation And Epigenetic Regulation In The Prevention Of Breast Cancer, Huixin Wu

All ETDs from UAB

Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. The average risk of a woman developing BC is about 13% according to American Cancer Society. Various genetic-related risk factors including inherited mutations of genes, and lifestyle-related risk factors such as physical inactivity, obesity, aging, smoking, and air pollution have been studied for cancer prevention and treatment. The currently existing treatment methods such as chemotherapy and neoadjuvant systemic therapy can induce adverse effects on patients. Therefore, cancer prevention has been of great interest to the society. Numerous …


Cognition, Self-Awareness, And Driving After Moderate-To-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Christina A. Diblasio Jan 2023

Cognition, Self-Awareness, And Driving After Moderate-To-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Christina A. Diblasio

All ETDs from UAB

Moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) often results in cognitive deficits in learning/memory, executive functions, and self-awareness. Cognitive impairments and unawareness of those impairments hinder driving capacity, yet a large proportion of survivors return to driving after injury. Given that many survivors are driving, it is essential to understand how cognition and self-awareness impact driving practices. To date, studies in this area are limited. This dissertation aimed to (1) create a normative sample for the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT), a short cognitive battery adapted for telephone administration and validated for the TBI population; (2) examine the relationship …