Digital Commons Network^™

The Apathy Economy: Patents, Advertising, And Consumer Indifference, Gavin Milczarek-Desai, Derek E. Bambauer

UF Law Faculty Publications

Patents function as signals as well as rights to exclude. They inform competitors, investors, employees, and consumers about the invention and its owner. How this information affects consumers is not well understood. Existing studies disagree about how advertising a product or service as patented, or patent pending, affects the price consumers will pay. This Article offers the first major empirical study of that question and finds that consumers behave with surprising rationality: they will not pay any price premium for a patented product. A product’s patent status conveys little information about whether it is superior to competing offerings. The results …

Copyright Disincentives, Thomas D. Haley

UF Law Faculty Publications

Over the last decade, a spate of high-profile copyright infringement lawsuits rattled the music industry. Controversy followed in the wake of multi-million-dollar damages awards, with criticism emanating from courts, scholars, and musicians alike. The basic logic of the critique is sound: the specter of such massive liability for small and inadvertent similarities disincentivizes the creation of new music. But the disincentive effect remains curiously under-theorized. This Article develops the literature’s first nuanced account of this disincentive theory, drawing on analysis of hundreds of copyright dockets as well as interviews with musicians to show that the feared disincentive has not come …

Reconceiving Safety Regulation For Ai And Ml Medical Software, Barbara J. Evans, Eric S. Rosenthal, Azra Bihorac

UF Law Faculty Publications

This article explores the challenges of regulating AI and ML clinical decision support tools intended to assist trained health care professionals in delivering clinical care. Two old, twentieth-century regulatory models have dominated discussions of medical AI policy since 2013. Thinking inside these old regulatory boxes has not produced effective regulatory solutions to address the novel risks AI poses in clinical care. The first regulatory box treats software as a medical device, which tasks medical device regulators with making software safe but neglects the crucial roles physicians, nurses, administrators, medical practice regulators, and other health oversight bodies must also play to …

A History Of Vacatur, Benjamin B. Johnson

UF Law Faculty Publications

Vacatur, a seemingly routine appellate tool, has evolved into one of the Supreme Court’s most potent instruments for declaring law. This Article offers the first comprehensive historical account of vacatur, tracing its roots from English and early American practice through its twentieth-century transformations to its contemporary uses. Historically, courts used vacatur to manage dockets, correct procedural irregularities, or enforce reversals on the merits. Modern usage has departed markedly from these roots. The Court now frequently employs vacatur to declare binding legal rules without issuing judgments, effectively circumventing traditional limits on judicial power. Taking seriously the Court’s own insistence on history …

Crypto Money Laundering, Jiaying Jiang

UF Law Faculty Publications

The crypto ecosystem has become a new frontier for money laundering, with criminals exploiting its anonymous and pseudonymous features. This Article explores how money laundering operates in the crypto space and highlights emerging trends. It then examines the existing legal and regulatory framework and argues that its core weakness lies in its reliance on trusted intermediaries. This approach conflicts with the philosophy that shaped the emergence of the crypto industry-one grounded in disintermediation and decentralized trust. To address this tension, this Article demystifies decentralization, showing that it is not a binary condition but instead exists on a spectrum. Across the …

Beyond Sharenting, Stacey B. Steinberg

UF Law Faculty Publications

Sharenting—the practice of parents sharing information about their children online—has become mainstream in American society. While most forms of sharenting may be considered benign or even beneficial, some parents harm or exploit their children when sharing online. For example, “mom-influencers” often violate their children’s privacy in their attempts to attract followers to their social media accounts. While traditional forms of parental sharing raise privacy concerns, we are only beginning to understand the dangers and impacts of widespread exposure of children on social media.

This Article is the first to propose a welfare model of child protection to address exploitative and …

Blocking Interleukin 33 Reduces Joint, Systemic, And Lung Inflammatory Responses In The Combined Collagen-Induced Arthritis-Inhalant Endotoxin Exposure Model, Jill A. Poole, Jacob L. Larsen, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Todd A. Wyatt, Amy J. Nelson, Michael J. Duryee, Angela Gleason, Oliver W. Schanze, Aaron D. Schwab, John D. Dickinson, Deanna Mosley, Michael Lush, Han-Jun Wang, E. Suzanne Cohen, Bryant England, Ted R. Mikuls

Journal Articles: Environmental, Agricultural & Occupational Health

Therapies capable of resolving rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated lung disease, particularly in the setting of environmental exposures, are lacking. This study sought to determine whether blocking interleukin (IL)-33 in a murine model of RA-associated lung disease induced by combined collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and repeated inhalant lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposures could be advantageous. Arthritis prone male DBA/1J mice received CIA (vs saline) injections (days 1 and 21) plus intranasal LPS (100 ng) or saline daily for 4 weeks and were subsequently treated with 5 doses of anti-IL-33 (10 mg/kg) or isotype over 11 days. Anti-IL-33 therapy significantly (P < .05) mitigated several CIA+LPS-induced effects. Anti-IL-33 reduced arthritis inflammatory score by 76% and serum acute phase reactant pentraxin-2 by 70% and reversed weight loss induced by CIA+LPS coexposure. Anti-IL-33 reduced CIA+LPS-induced antimalondialdehyde acetaldehyde but not anticitrullinated autoantibodies in serum and reduced serum levels of inflammatory mediators. Lung cell infiltrates induced by coexposure, including neutrophils, activated lung macrophages, transitional monocytes-macrophages, monocytic-like cells, and dendritic cells, were reduced with anti-IL-33. Anti-IL-33 also reduced CIA+LPS-induced lung levels of chemokines involved in monocyte-macrophage recruitment and fibrotic/repair mediators collagen deposition, IL-33 expression, inflammatory CC motif chemokine receptor 2

The Impacts Of Land Use Land Cover Change And Urbanization On Precipitation In The Kentucky–Ohio River Valley, Madison Wallner

Theses

This thesis evaluates how urban growth modifies warm-season rainfall and convection near Louisville, Cincinnati, and Evansville. From 1987–2024, rainfall increased at most stations, but MERRA-2 and statistical modeling show that regional ascent and moisture were the primary controls on seasonal precipitation. Radar analysis identified storm initiation as the dominant event type, especially near Louisville’s urban–river boundary and northeastern downwind corridor. Louisville’s developed land increased from 53.5% to 66.3%, while MODIS showed significant nighttime warming but little daytime warming. GOES cloud-frequency patterns were also locally enhanced near river, urban-edge, southeastern vegetated, and downwind areas. WRF sensitivity simulations showed that urban land …

Graduate Catalog, 2026-2027, Valparaiso University

Graduate Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Undergraduate Catalog, 2026-2027, Valparaiso University

Undergraduate Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Stoichiometry-Controlled Surface Reconstructions In Epitaxial Abo3 Perovskites For Sustainable Energy Applications, Habib Rostaghi Chalaki, Ebenezer Seesi, Gene Yang, Mohammad El Loubani, Dongkyu Lee

Faculty Publications

ABO₃ perovskite oxides are a versatile class of materials whose surfaces and interfaces play essential roles in sustainable energy technologies, including catalysis, solid oxide fuel and electrolysis cells, thermoelectrics, and energy-relevant oxide electronics. The interplay between point defects and surface reconstructions strongly affects interfacial stability, charge transport, and catalytic activity under operating conditions. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding how oxygen vacancies, cation nonstoichiometry, and electronic defects couple to atomic-scale surface rearrangements in representative perovskite systems. We first revisit Tasker’s classification of ionic surfaces and clarify how defect chemistry provides compensation mechanisms that stabilize otherwise polar or metastable …

Speculating Queer Dystopia: Tentacle’S Uninhabitable Now, Isabella Otimia Sanchez

Student Papers (English)

This project positions Rita Indiana’s speculative novel Tentacle as a critical site for examining queer temporalities. Its embodied system of time travel literalizes the frameworks of “temporal drag” and “queer futurity” proposed by Elizabeth Freeman and José Esteban Muñoz, demonstrating the material consequences of time on the queer body. Further, my argument is staked in disrupting the myth of a progressive future, tracing how oppressive structures do not resolve over time but rather complicate. This framing can be observed both textually and metatextually, lending to Jack Halberstam’s concept of “queer failure.”   Overall, I suggest that Indiana’s queer dystopia offers a …

Molar–Incisor And Generalized Grade C Periodontitis: Distinct Microbiome–Immune Interactions Suggest Divergent Pathogenesis, Camila S. Stolf, Hélvis E. S. Paz, Murilo C. Paraluppi, Manuela Maria Viana Miguel, Mauro P. Santamaria, Mabelle F. Monteiro, Deyvid E. Amgarten, Raquel R. A. Franco, Luciana S. Branco-De-Almeida, Luciana M. Shaddox, Renato C. V. Casarin

Oral Health Practice Faculty Publications

Aim:

Molar-Incisor (PerioC-MIP) and Generalized (PerioC-G) Grade C Periodontitis could have distinctive etiopathogenesis behind their unique clinical patterns. Thus, this study aimed to distinguish these two phenotypes by analyzing the subgingival metagenomic profile and the inflammatory markers levels.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional comparative study, Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) and Subgingival Biofilm (SB) were collected from 18 PerioC-MIP North Americans and 14 periodontally healthy controls (HC) from the same location (HC-MIP) and 20 PerioC-G Brazilians and 20 controls (HC-G). From GCF, immunoenzymatic analysis was performed. SB functional and taxonomic bacterial content was determined using shotgun metagenomics sequencing.

Results:

Taxonomic results showed …

Global Supply Chain Resilience In Emerging Technologies: A Case Study Of Bitcoin Mining, Kishanthi Parella, Carla L. Reyes

Scholarly Articles

The United States has put into motion bold plans in critical and emerging technologies to bolster its national and economic security.  For example, the federal government created a national bitcoin strategic reserve and a stockpile of other cryptocurrency; while several states have committed to or are considering similar goals.  However, the security of these reserves is dependent on two types of supply chains within the Bitcoin mining industry: analogue supply chains, relating to the physical components needed for Bitcoin mining, and data supply chains, relating to the complex and layered logistical network of actors that create input into …

Hidden Gems Of Clay County: “Snap + Say Something” Inquiry Protocol, David Wolff

OER Materials

The goal of this assignment was to design an immersive, place‑based learning experience that helps preservice teachers engage with primary sources connected to the history and culture of Clay County, Minnesota. In collaboration with the Historical and Cultural Society of Clay County, preservice teachers visited the Hjemkomst Center and used autophotography to document artifacts, exhibits, and moments that helped them understand what makes Moorhead and the wider Clay County community a unique and meaningful place. Alongside their photographs, they wrote reflections explaining why each image captures an aspect of Clay County as a “special place.” This approach is intended …

Review Of Trial & Error Weizmann, Mary J. Booth

Reviews of Books and Other Items

No abstract provided.

The 387th Annual Report Town Of Hampton, New Hampshire Calendar Year Ending December 31, 2025, Hampton Town Representatives

Hampton, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Serendipity And Self-Regulation: The Evolution Of Cryptocurrency-Based Exchange-Traded Products, Onnig H. Dombalagian

American University Business Law Review

Cryptocurrency enthusiasts rejoiced last year when the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) approved the listing of bitcoin-based and ether-based exchange-traded products (ETPs). For over a decade, cryptocurrency entrepreneurs have sought to trade cryptocurrency products on traditional securities exchanges.  Listing bitcoin and ether ETPs gave retail investors an easily accessible, transparent, and perhaps, more cost-efficient means of investing in cryptocurrencies while reducing the credit and custodial risks of dealing with unregistered digital asset exchanges or digital asset intermediaries. The listing of cryptocurrency ETPs may also represent a substantial step toward completing the marketplace for financial transactions in bitcoin and ether.

 There …

Re-Examining U.S. Bailouts In The Digital Era: Moral Hazard And Adverse Consequences, Joel Slawotsky

American University Business Law Review

Financial institutional bailouts have become the new normal in recent decades. From the savings and loan crisis, to the sub-prime, to SVB and Signature, the U.S. government and regulators have decided that the failure to protect depositors and investors could lead to bank runs, a destabilized banking sector, and ultimately economic turmoil inflicting tremendous monetary and social costs on citizens. However, the mainstreaming of bailouts has led to moral hazard, i.e., the expectation among all stakeholders including financial institutions, investors, creditors, and regulators, that a government rescue is inevitable. The problem of moral hazard is the creation of incentives to …

The Social Promise Of Hybrid Entities, Frederick M. Spight Jr.

American University Business Law Review

Many Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) are struggling to stay afloat. These historic, and historically underfunded, institutions suffer from a chronic shortage of resources, leading to the notable closures of schools, like Concordia College. Some critics question the modern place of the HBCU as a relic of a bygone era. This article argues, however, that HBCUs are worth sustaining and provides the legal tool to do so: the hybrid entity. 

Hybrid entities arose from the social enterprise movement, which sought to harness the power of both nonprofit and for-profit organizations. Operating under the philosophy of “doing well, while doing …

Incentivized Delegation In Corporate Criminal Investigations: State Action, Unconstitutional Conditions, And Fifth Amendment Erosion., Ying Zhou

American University Business Law Review

This Article identifies and critiques “incentivized delegation,” an enforcement regime in which the Department of Justice (DOJ) conditions prosecutorial leniency on corporations’ completion of specified, prosecution-oriented, internal investigations of employee misconduct. While courts readily find state action when the government formally delegates investigative functions, they have not squarely addressed whether corporate investigations undertaken to secure prosecutorial leniency—without explicit governmental direction—should likewise trigger state-action scrutiny. United States v. Coburn illustrates the blind spot: by insisting that state action requires overt governmental direction and control, the decision exposes a fundamental failure to appreciate how the government can embed investigative mandates within the …

Performance Outcomes Of Critical Access Hospitals: A Resource Dependence Theory Evaluation Of Change Of Ownership Versus Independence, Colette Christina Martin

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) play a vital role in sustaining healthcare access in rural communities, yet many face persistent financial and operational constraints. A change in hospital ownership is frequently seen as a strategy to sustain these hospitals, improve access to capital, supplement administrative infrastructure, and leverage system-level expertise. However, empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of acquisition for CAHs remains limited and mixed. Guided by Resource Dependence Theory (RDT) and the Balanced Scorecard framework, this study examines whether ownership change is associated with differences in financial performance, utilization, staffing, and quality outcomes among CAHs.

Using Medicare Cost Reports, the American …

Procedural Good Faith In Investment Arbitration—What Is It And What Could It Be?, Meg Kinnear

American University Business Law Review

When I selected the topic of procedural good faith for this lecture, I did not expect it to be as unwieldy as it proved to be. After all, good faith is a fundamental concept for every law student, and it anchors our approach to legal analysis and “thinking like a lawyer.” As counsel, our core belief is that proceedings must be conducted in good faith, and we each have a professional duty to act in good faith in arbitration.

Nonetheless, I am certain that each of you has witnessed conduct during an arbitration—by the opposite party, of course—that struck you …

Creating A Responsible Authorship Culture In Science: Anchoring Authorship Practices In Principles Of Transparency, Credit, And Accountability, Susan Wolf, Véronique Kiermer, Sofia Adams, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Kathleen Hall Jamieson, Joerg Heber, Mohammad Hosseini, Ana Marušić, Beau Nielsen, Magdalena Skipper, Geeta K. Swamy, Yensi Flores Bueso

Articles

Authorship remains the primary currency of academic credit and a cornerstone of research integrity, yet current practices often fail to reflect the collaborative and interdisciplinary nature of modern science and questionable authorship practices persist. We argue that addressing these shortcomings is a collective responsibility shared by researchers, journals, research funders, scholarly societies, and research institutions. We examined authorship guidelines issued by journals and research institutions and found that their recommendations to researchers are highly variable. We propose that fostering a responsible authorship culture requires a shared, principle-based framework grounded in transparency, credit, and accountability. These three interconnected principles highlight when …

Need For Harmonized Terminology In Cryopreservation To Support Reproducibility, Regulation, And Translation, Susan Wolf, Lakshya Gangwar, Lowell Wolfe, Nikolas Zuchowicz, Irina Filz Von Reiterdank, Srivasupradha Ramesh, Bat-Erdene Namsrai, Joseph Kangas, Joseph Sushil Rao, Matthew Powell-Palm, Timothy L. Pruett, John C. Bischof, Korkut Uygun

Articles

As cryopreservation technologies continue to develop, the need for harmonized terminology across the multitude of disciplines where cryopreservation is applied is becoming increasingly acute. Terminology in cryopreservation remains inconsistent, leading to confusion and barriers to progress. Applications of cryopreservation in medicine, food, agriculture, and conservation remain limited by this lack of consensus. Inconsistent terminology contributes to ethical, legal, and societal issues in translating and integrating new cryopreservation technologies. Here we identify the problem with examples of cryopreservation terminology that demand harmonization. We describe the need for terminological consistency by providing examples of effective terminology harmonization projects in related fields. We …

Compliance And Systems Data Management Report, Monthly Waiver Participation Trends, February 2026, Tennessee. Department Of Disability And Aging

Compliance & System Data/Reports

This monthly report provides data on various aspects of the department's activities and programs.

Compliance And Systems Data Management Report, Monthly Waiver Participation Trends, January 2026, Tennessee. Department Of Disability And Aging

Compliance & System Data/Reports

This monthly report provides data on various aspects of the department's activities and programs.

America 250 - Government And Utrgv Lrgv Resources, Raquel Estrada, Shannon Pensa

Library Display Posters

Poster highlights the 250th anniversary of the United States by featuring documents such as the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution, along with curated government, library, and UTRGV Special Collections & Archives resources. The poster also connects national history to the Rio Grande Valley through significant military and political events, local historical figures, and recommended readings.

Temple, New Hampshire 2025 Annual Reports For The Year Ending December 31, 2025. Report Compiled By Temple Select Board And Rose Lowry, Temple Town Representatives

Temple, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Look, Make, Play: The Natural Order In Children’S Books, Claire M. Lloyd

Children's Book Writing and Illustrating (MFA) Theses

This paper will examine conceptualizations of nature through environmentally themed picture books. While environmentalism is not a new topic for children’s book, recent works reveal changing attitudes toward the impact of human agency on the natural world. These texts provide a microcosmic view of the shift toward “green” kidlit and shows literary depictions of human interactions with nonhuman nature through an ecocritical lens. Specifically, I will look at three approaches to how humans conceive of, impact, and interact with the natural world depicted in children’s literature: observation (as the observable “other”), creation (as a communal resource), and recreation (as urban …