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Delta Gamma Hedging And The Black-Scholes Partial Differential Equation (Pde) Jan 2026

Delta Gamma Hedging And The Black-Scholes Partial Differential Equation (Pde)

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

The objective of this paper is to examine the notion of delta-gamma hedging using simple stylized examples. Even though the delta-gamma hedging concept is among the most challenging concepts in derivatives theory, standard textbook exposition of delta-gamma hedging usually does not proceed beyond a perfunctory mathematical presentation. Issues such as contrasting call delta hedging with put delta hedging, gamma properties of call versus put delta hedges, etc., are usually not treated in sufficient detail. This paper examines these issues and then places them within the context of a fundamental result in derivatives theory - the Black-Scholes partial differential equation. Many …

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Portfolio Performance Evaluation Benchmark: A Note Jan 2026

Portfolio Performance Evaluation Benchmark: A Note

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Jones and Swaleheen (2014, this journal) examine the performance of an equity portfolio in a student managed investment fund and document the outperformance of the portfolio relative to the S&P 500 index on an absolute basis. We show that the apparent outperformance of the portfolio is due to using the index without its dividend component. Once we use the S&P 500 total return as the benchmark, the outperformance of the equity portfolio disappears. We explain why the S&P 500 total return should be used in this case, and propose and justify two alternative proxies for the S&P 500 total return.

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Rethinking “Moroccan Personality”: Historical Grounding And Interpretation In Ṭayeb Biad’S Al-Šakhṣiyya Al-Maġribiyya: TaʾṢīl Wa-TaʾWīl, Taoufik Ait Bouchgour Jan 2026

Rethinking “Moroccan Personality”: Historical Grounding And Interpretation In Ṭayeb Biad’S Al-Šakhṣiyya Al-Maġribiyya: TaʾṢīl Wa-TaʾWīl, Taoufik Ait Bouchgour

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

This article offers an academic discussion of Ṭayyib Biyāḍ’s al-Šakhṣiyya al-Maġribiyya: Taʾṣīl wa-Taʾwīl (Tīṭwān, Editions Bāb al-Ḥikma, 2024), arguing that the book reframes a highly politicized identity question into a historical problem open to critical inquiry. The discussion highlights three main analytical operators: (1) space (al-insān wa-al-maǧāl) as a key to understanding circulation, borders, and social recomposition; (2) the longue durée as a safeguard against essentializing “personality”; and (3) the use of historical thresholds—baṣmat al-islām (the imprint of Islam) and ṣadmat al-ḥadāṯa (the shock of modernity)—together with the notion of al-izdiwāǧiyya (duality) to interpret contemporary tensions. In dialogue with classic …

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Review Of The Berber Tachelḥiyt–French Dictionary. (4 Volumes), Mohamed Saadouni Jan 2026

Review Of The Berber Tachelḥiyt–French Dictionary. (4 Volumes), Mohamed Saadouni

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

This review presents Harry Stroomer’s four-volume Berber Tashelhiyt–French Dictionary as a landmark reference for Tashelhiyt (Tachelhiyt), one of Morocco’s major Amazigh varieties. The set exceeds 3,000 pages and is described as the product of nearly forty years of systematic collection and checking. Lexical data were drawn from a broad corpus of publications and archives—studies, theses, and assorted documents—then expanded through the author’s own fieldwork. Words and expressions are listed in alphabetical order and written in a clear Latin transcription, while meanings and phrase-level equivalents are provided in French. A central contribution is the work’s rigorous source-traceability: entries are fully referenced …

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The Development Of Soft Skills In Teaching Practices (Case Study: Teaching French As A Foreign Language), Oumaïma Hantat, Malika Rafiq Jan 2026

The Development Of Soft Skills In Teaching Practices (Case Study: Teaching French As A Foreign Language), Oumaïma Hantat, Malika Rafiq

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

Most research define soft skills, as opposed to technical skills. In fact, they are generally related to social, personal, professional and communication aspects. From the outset, the transversal dimension of these skills is important. In this sense, extrapolating these competencies to the educational field - especially in foreign language teaching - is necessary to make the actional perspective work. This article treats the integration and development of soft skills in a pedagogical context. Indeed, this study focuses more specifically on the integration and developmental methods of these skills in the approaches adopted by teachers of French as a foreign language …

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The Characteristics Of Iḍāfa In Arabic: A Syntactic Approach, Fatima Yahyaoui Jan 2026

The Characteristics Of Iḍāfa In Arabic: A Syntactic Approach, Fatima Yahyaoui

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

This paper examines the structural specificities of the iḍāfa construction in Arabic. We propose an in-depth syntactic analysis of the nominal iḍāfa construction where the head (the mḍāf) is a generic noun, what Arabic grammarians call "maʿnawiyya iḍāfa". Our goal is to identify these constructions' characteristic features and study the relationship between the head and the complement.

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Review Of “What We Talk About When We Talk About War” By Noah Richler, Kirk W. Goodlet, Geoff Keelan Jan 2026

Review Of “What We Talk About When We Talk About War” By Noah Richler, Kirk W. Goodlet, Geoff Keelan

Canadian Military History

Review of What We Talk About When We Talk About War by Noah Richler

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The Representations Of Medea: The Art Of Reinventing Oneself In *Medee Cherie* By Yasmine Chami, Abdelhalim Ziti Jan 2026

The Representations Of Medea: The Art Of Reinventing Oneself In *Medee Cherie* By Yasmine Chami, Abdelhalim Ziti

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

Médée is the eponymous heroine of Médée chérie, a novel written by Yasmine Chami. She is Moroccan, born in Tangiers. Despite the fact of being a well-known sculptor, Médée keeps her professional success in the background of her responsibilities as a mother and wife. Her husband Ismaïl is a neurosurgeon; he leaves her unexpectedly after long years of marriage. During their transit at the airport of Orly in Paris, going to Australia, Ismaïl vanishes to continue “alone” his journey. Hence, Médée enters a state of emotional paralysis. A number of days pass before she leaves the room of the hotel …

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Teaching And Reception Of The Complete Literary Work In Moroccan High Schools: What Motivation For Learning French?, Zohra Etalibi, Oumaïma Hantat, Malika Rafiq Jan 2026

Teaching And Reception Of The Complete Literary Work In Moroccan High Schools: What Motivation For Learning French?, Zohra Etalibi, Oumaïma Hantat, Malika Rafiq

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

The teaching/learning of French at the qualifying secondary level is essentially based on the study of the complete literary work for all sections. It is true that the literary text remains an important document for learning the language, but it is worth mentioning that students/ learners tend to have a lack of motivation during reading sessions. This leads us to wonder about the causes of this emotional disengagement towards reading. In this perspective, we are questioning what relationship could be between the use of the literary medium in class and the decline in motivation to learn French ? Why are …

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The Feminine Body: A Search For Self-Assertion In Tourya Ouledhri's Let My Body Tell You…, Mohamed Bassim Jan 2026

The Feminine Body: A Search For Self-Assertion In Tourya Ouledhri's Let My Body Tell You…, Mohamed Bassim

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

The female body is used and invested in the Moroccan novel of frensh langage from an identity perspective that highlights the process of self-affirmation. The female story makes it the core of its plot to lay the foundations of a new emancipating vision to define the nature of the emblematic relationship between the female body and the claim for independence. Therefore, the female body becomes an object of writing, a means of expression and above all a decisive element in the process of self-realization. Writing is therefore seen as a weapon in the fight against the subjugation of the female …

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Female Singing In The Khouribga Region: A Range Of Themes, Soukaina El-Loussi, Zahra Zaid, Souad Moudian Jan 2026

Female Singing In The Khouribga Region: A Range Of Themes, Soukaina El-Loussi, Zahra Zaid, Souad Moudian

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

This article explores traditional women's singing in the Khouribga region, a key element of Moroccan intangible heritage. Transmitted orally, it serves as a means of expression, allowing women to share emotions and thoughts. The study analyzes songs related to marriage, circumcision, and mourning, highlighting five main themes: women, men, hospitality, parental blessing, and sorrow. While rooted in a patriarchal society, these songs act as a tool for cultural transmission and identity affirmation. The article emphasizes the need to preserve this oral heritage amid social transformations.

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Dysfunctional Interpersonal Communication In Professional Contexts, Ayoub Dehbi Jan 2026

Dysfunctional Interpersonal Communication In Professional Contexts, Ayoub Dehbi

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

In this article, we have presented an overview of the communication process, formulated a definition of communication and examined its central elements: process, transaction, symbols and (shared) meaning. We also examined the debate on intentionality. We briefly reviewed the history of the field of communication to understand how its diverse origins in rhetoric, psychology and elocution support the diversity we find in the field today. As communication is not always positive, the ways in which it can be destructive were noted. Finally, because of these destructive results, communication can never be discussed without an examination of ethics and, therefore, three …

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A Sociolinguistic Analysis Of Language Representations Among French Studies Students At Hassan Ii University, Niama El Azouar, Ahmed Bououd Jan 2026

A Sociolinguistic Analysis Of Language Representations Among French Studies Students At Hassan Ii University, Niama El Azouar, Ahmed Bououd

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

This study aims to analyze the linguistic representations of French students at Hassan II University. Through a qualitative survey, we explore how attitudes towards French and other languages are shaped within an Arabic-French bilingual context. Our research will identify factors influencing students' academic choices and suggest ways to foster multilingualism.

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Making Meaning: Representations, Learning, And Contemporary Imaginaries, Nadia Kaaouas, Taoufik Ait Bouchgour Jan 2026

Making Meaning: Representations, Learning, And Contemporary Imaginaries, Nadia Kaaouas, Taoufik Ait Bouchgour

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

This issue explores meaning-making in contemporary societies by foregrounding representations, learning, and cultural imaginaries. Across digital media, cultural practices (including orally transmitted traditions), literary studies, pedagogy, and linguistics, the contributions show how oral, written, and visual forms of expression shape social relations, construct identities, and rework inherited cultural patterns. Literature is approached as a space for self-reinvention; schooling as a laboratory for skills and learner motivation; and linguistic analysis as an essential tool for the circulation of knowledge. Complementarily, heritage-oriented perspectives emphasize that the viability of cultural practices depends on ongoing transmission across generations.

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Semiological Analysis Of Visual Representations Of The Female Body On Instagram, Hassan Baha Jan 2026

Semiological Analysis Of Visual Representations Of The Female Body On Instagram, Hassan Baha

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

On digital social networks and Instagram in particular, female influencers mainly use images to communicate with their audience. A form of visual communication that allows them to enter a process of digital self-presentation. On Instagram, the female influencers in our sample are depicted as perfect, slim body and attractive. These images can impact women's perception of their own bodies and self-worth. A visual/virtual representation that can encourage women to seek an unrealistic physical perfection maintaining, in order to achieve this ideal, a set of stereotypes that persist in the social imaginary. In this present project, we will study the images …

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Review Of “The Canadian Iroquois And The Seven Years’ War” By D. Peter Macleod, Timothy C. Winegard Jan 2026

Review Of “The Canadian Iroquois And The Seven Years’ War” By D. Peter Macleod, Timothy C. Winegard

Canadian Military History

Review of The Canadian Iroquois and the Seven Years’ War by D. Peter MacLeod

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Review Of “Cold War Fighters: Canadian Aircraft Procurement, 1945–54” By Randall Wakelam, Richard Richard Jan 2026

Review Of “Cold War Fighters: Canadian Aircraft Procurement, 1945–54” By Randall Wakelam, Richard Richard

Canadian Military History

Review of Cold War Fighters: Canadian Aircraft Procurement, 1945–54 by Randall Wakelam

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Review Of “The Other Cold War: Canada’S Military Assistance To The Developing World 1945–1975” By Christopher R. Kilford, Alexander Herd Jan 2026

Review Of “The Other Cold War: Canada’S Military Assistance To The Developing World 1945–1975” By Christopher R. Kilford, Alexander Herd

Canadian Military History

Review of The Other Cold War: Canada’s Military Assistance to the Developing World 1945–1975 by Christopher R. Kilford

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Review Of “Boys And Girls In No Man’S Land: English Canadian Children And The First World War” By Susan R. Fisher, John Weier Jan 2026

Review Of “Boys And Girls In No Man’S Land: English Canadian Children And The First World War” By Susan R. Fisher, John Weier

Canadian Military History

Review of Boys and Girls in No Man’s Land: English Canadian Children and the First World War by Susan R. Fisher

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Review Of “The Challenge Of Command: The Royal Navy’S Executive Branch Officers, 1880–1919” By Robert L. Davison, Robert Dienesch Jan 2026

Review Of “The Challenge Of Command: The Royal Navy’S Executive Branch Officers, 1880–1919” By Robert L. Davison, Robert Dienesch

Canadian Military History

Review of The Challenge of Command: The Royal Navy’s Executive Branch Officers, 1880–1919 by Robert L. Davison

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Review Of “Onto Civvy Street: Canada’S Rehabilitation Program For Veterans Of The Second World War” By Peter Neary, John Macfarlane Jan 2026

Review Of “Onto Civvy Street: Canada’S Rehabilitation Program For Veterans Of The Second World War” By Peter Neary, John Macfarlane

Canadian Military History

Review of Onto Civvy Street: Canada’s Rehabilitation Program for Veterans of the Second World War by Peter Neary

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Review Of “Combat Stress In The 20th Century: The Commonwealth Perspective” By Terry Copp And Mark Osborne Humphries, Kathleen Meghan Fitzpatrick Jan 2026

Review Of “Combat Stress In The 20th Century: The Commonwealth Perspective” By Terry Copp And Mark Osborne Humphries, Kathleen Meghan Fitzpatrick

Canadian Military History

Review of Combat Stress in the 20th Century: The Commonwealth Perspective by Terry Copp and Mark Osborne Humphries

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Review Of “The Politics Of Command: Lieutenant-General A.G.L. Mcnaughton And The Canadian Army, 1939–1943” By John Rickard, Randall Wakelam Jan 2026

Review Of “The Politics Of Command: Lieutenant-General A.G.L. Mcnaughton And The Canadian Army, 1939–1943” By John Rickard, Randall Wakelam

Canadian Military History

Review of The Politics of Command: Lieutenant-General A.G.L. McNaughton and the Canadian Army, 1939–1943 by John Rickard

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Review Of “If You’Re Reading This… Last Letters From The Front Line” By Siân Price, Christopher Schultz Jan 2026

Review Of “If You’Re Reading This… Last Letters From The Front Line” By Siân Price, Christopher Schultz

Canadian Military History

Review of If You’re Reading This… Last Letters from the Front Line by Siân Price

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Review Of “History Etched In Stone: The National War Memorial” By Jonathan F. Vance, Serge Durflinger Jan 2026

Review Of “History Etched In Stone: The National War Memorial” By Jonathan F. Vance, Serge Durflinger

Canadian Military History

Review of History Etched in Stone: The National War Memorial by Jonathan F. Vance

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Review Of “Corps Commanders: Five British And Canadian Generals At War, 1939–45” By Douglas E. Delaney, William Pratt Jan 2026

Review Of “Corps Commanders: Five British And Canadian Generals At War, 1939–45” By Douglas E. Delaney, William Pratt

Canadian Military History

Review of Corps Commanders: Five British and Canadian Generals at War, 1939–45 by Douglas E. Delaney

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Review Of “The Oxford Companion To Canadian Military History” By J.L. Granatstein And Dean F. Oliver, Roger Sarty Jan 2026

Review Of “The Oxford Companion To Canadian Military History” By J.L. Granatstein And Dean F. Oliver, Roger Sarty

Canadian Military History

Review of The Oxford Companion to Canadian Military History by J.L. Granatstein and Dean F. Oliver

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Review Of “The British Way In Counter-Insurgency, 1945–1967” By David French, David Charters Jan 2026

Review Of “The British Way In Counter-Insurgency, 1945–1967” By David French, David Charters

Canadian Military History

Review of The British Way in Counter-Insurgency, 1945–1967 by David French

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Review Of “Agnes Warner And The Nursing Sisters Of The Great War” By Shawna M. Quinn, Kathryn Rose Jan 2026

Review Of “Agnes Warner And The Nursing Sisters Of The Great War” By Shawna M. Quinn, Kathryn Rose

Canadian Military History

Review of Agnes Warner and the Nursing Sisters of the Great War by Shawna M. Quinn

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Review Of “Turning Back The Fenians: New Brunswick’S Last Colonial Campaign” By Robert L. Dallison, Luke Henderson Jan 2026

Review Of “Turning Back The Fenians: New Brunswick’S Last Colonial Campaign” By Robert L. Dallison, Luke Henderson

Canadian Military History

Review of Turning Back the Fenians: New Brunswick’s Last Colonial Campaign by Robert L. Dallison

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