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The Distrust Of Experts, Noah Smith Dec 2021

The Distrust Of Experts, Noah Smith

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

This paper will compile demographic data and analyze their correspondence with trust of expert opinion in order to develop a profile of individuals who mistrust expert opinions. I will be using the American National Election Survey of 2020 as the central data source for this paper. I will also be using supplementary data from research into trust of expertise to create my profile. The mistrust of expert opinions has been an issue simmering in the background of American politics for quite some time. Previously its largest impact was on the discourse and policy surrounding climate change. Now it is also …

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The Rise Of Social Media And The Fall Of Internal Peace: How Do Media Influence People's Fear Of Mass Shootings?, Christian Grevin Dec 2021

The Rise Of Social Media And The Fall Of Internal Peace: How Do Media Influence People's Fear Of Mass Shootings?, Christian Grevin

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

The impact of traditional versus social media on people’s fears of a mass shooting is a matter worthy of study given the scarcity of research and analysis, as well as the prominence mass shootings have gained in American society and media. Many studies have been conducted evaluating the connection between local TV news and fear, showing that the consumption of local TV news has increased people's fear of crimes. However, there have been few studies examining the relationship between social media usage and one’s fear of crime. In this paper, I will examine the correlation between fear of mass shootings …

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Surrealist Expressions Of Psychological Struggles In Select Paintings By Frida Kahlo And Salvador Dalí, Regina Juarez Dec 2021

Surrealist Expressions Of Psychological Struggles In Select Paintings By Frida Kahlo And Salvador Dalí, Regina Juarez

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

This project aims to establish a connection between suffering expressed through art and Sigmund Freud’s ideas on the ego, sexuality, and unconscious. This is explored through three of Freud’s books On Narcissism, Sexuality and Psychology of Love and The Ego and the Id, and selected paintings by Frida Kahlo and Salvador Dalí. As Kahlo and Dalí’s paintings show, suffering can be communicated through pictures and colors. Their complicated lives led them to create masterpieces that reflected a distressed ego, aggrieved sexuality, and unconscious suffering. In this essay, the visual content of La cama volando (Kahlo, 1932), Metamorfosis de …

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Friend Or Foe: Explaining The Antagonism Towards Immigrants In The United States, Skyelar Andrews Dec 2021

Friend Or Foe: Explaining The Antagonism Towards Immigrants In The United States, Skyelar Andrews

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

Following the 2016 election in which immigration became a leading political issue, fear of immigrants has fueled greater divides amongst the American citizenry. Building off group threat theory, I examine the extent that party affiliation, age, income, and geography impact one’s fear of immigrants. Utilizing the Chapman Survey of Fears from 2016, 2018, and 2021, an online nationwide survey conducted with a representative national sample of US adults, I expect to find an increase in fear of immigrants in all independent variables as time passes from 2016 to 2021, paralleling immigration’s rise to the national stage during the 2016 election. …

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Behind The Belief: Predictors Of Why People Believe In Conspiracy Theories, Erisa Castillo Dec 2021

Behind The Belief: Predictors Of Why People Believe In Conspiracy Theories, Erisa Castillo

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

Many people have used conspiracy theories as explanations to justify situations or events that the United States Government has carried out; however, many have no reliable evidence. These theories are often made by power groups that are usually politically motivated. So why do people believe in conspiracy theories? One reason may be our lack of confidence, trust, and transparency between our government and us as American citizens. Using the Chapman University Survey of American Fears, I will look into the various variables that play leading factors in why people are influenced into believing conspiracy theories. Also, whether one conspiracy theory …

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Maintaining Physical Activity During Covid-19: The Influence Of Psychosocial Variables In Individuals With Back Pain, Heidi Stabbert Dec 2021

Maintaining Physical Activity During Covid-19: The Influence Of Psychosocial Variables In Individuals With Back Pain, Heidi Stabbert

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

Stressor events, such as COVID-19, may trigger adaptive or maladaptive pain management strategies among individuals with persistent low back pain (LBP). Individuals with lower fear avoidance, depression and anxiety, and greater positive affect and quality of life may better maintain positive pain management strategies during stressor events. This study investigated psychosocial characteristics of individuals with LBP who demonstrated adaptive pain management strategies during COVID-19, indicated by maintenance of physical activity (PA). Individuals with persistent LBP (age 22.4 (3.4) years, n=25) from an existing longitudinal cohort participated. Participants completed a baseline survey prior to COVID-19 quantifying demographics, pain characteristics, the Physical …

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The Effect Of Stay-At-Home And Mask Mandate Policies On Covid-19 Hospitalization Rates In New York City Among Minority Populations, Jeremy Tang Dec 2021

The Effect Of Stay-At-Home And Mask Mandate Policies On Covid-19 Hospitalization Rates In New York City Among Minority Populations, Jeremy Tang

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted persistent health disparities affecting disadvantaged populations. Mandatory mask mandates and stay-at-home orders were implemented to protect all individuals. However, underserved communities may not have equally benefited from these policies due to inequitable access to health-protective resources. This study examined New York City hospitalization rate associations with a range of social determinants of health following March 2020 stay-at-home and April 2020 mask mandate policy implementation using March - June 2020 COVID-19 hospitalization data aggregated to the ZIP Code Tabulation Area unit of analysis. Multiple regression was used to examine hospitalizations per 100,000 persons of the population …

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Covid 19 & Qanon: Enter The World Of Conspiracies, Gianluca Allesina Dec 2021

Covid 19 & Qanon: Enter The World Of Conspiracies, Gianluca Allesina

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

From Covid-19 to Qanon to a global warming hoax, we live in a world drowning in misinformation spread on the internet. Q-anonymous, a purposed government “leaker” is an alleged high-level government informant, according to Qanon followers, who posted cryptic messages about a satanic government on the now-defunct forum website, 8chan. This project will examine the possible relationship between a belief in various conspiracy theories associated with Qanon and how the Coronavirus affected rates of belief, utilizing the Chapman Survey of American Fears, a national study using a representative sample of U.S. adults. I expect to find that partisanship will play …

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She-Ra And The Princesses Of Power: An Intersectional Analysis Of A Modern Reboot, Laine Marshall Dec 2021

She-Ra And The Princesses Of Power: An Intersectional Analysis Of A Modern Reboot, Laine Marshall

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

Children’s animation offers the viewer a unique window into the nuances of current societal norms. Because children’s animation is made for the young, sensitive, and impressionable, it is carefully controlled and often heavily censored. Any statements made regarding the protagonist’s heroism or the villain’s malignity are meant to be accepted as universal truths for the growing minds of our youth. The recent 2018 Netflix and DreamWorks Animation animated reboot of the classic 1980's series "She-Ra: Princess of Power," now titled "She-Ra and the Princesses of Power," shook the animation industry with its groundbreaking representation and astounding visuals. Following its predecessor’s …

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Thinkmed: Providing An Environment For Disadvantaged Students To Explore Stem, Steven Trinh, Lauren Dudley, Peter Chang Dec 2021

Thinkmed: Providing An Environment For Disadvantaged Students To Explore Stem, Steven Trinh, Lauren Dudley, Peter Chang

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

ThinkMED is a nonprofit initiative offering a four-week curriculum specifically designed to develop critical thinking and encourage evidence-based decision making. Each week’s content material revolves around the use of a ThinkMED Science Kit containing a wet lab experiment designed to supplement the content curriculum. Each experiment is formulated to be inclusive of all California Next Generation Science Standards K through 5. Contained within each week’s ThinkMED Science Kit is a unique QR code that directs the student to an interactive simulation of the experiment created by our team of computer scientists and graphic designers. At the end of each week, …

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Fall 2021 Student Scholar Symposium Abstract Volume, Chapman University Center For Undergraduate Excellence Dec 2021

Fall 2021 Student Scholar Symposium Abstract Volume, Chapman University Center For Undergraduate Excellence

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

No abstract provided.

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Free Justice: A History Of The Public Defender In Twentieth-Century America, Kate Levine Dec 2021

Free Justice: A History Of The Public Defender In Twentieth-Century America, Kate Levine

Articles

Levine reviews Free justice: A history of the public defender in twentieth-century America. By Sara Mayeux. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2020. 286 pp. $26.95 paperback.

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Metaphors Of International Law, Harlan G. Cohen Dec 2021

Metaphors Of International Law, Harlan G. Cohen

Scholarly Works

This chapter explores international law in search of its hidden and not-so-hidden metaphors. In so doing, it discovers a world inhabited by states, where rules are mined or picked when ripe, where trade keeps boats forever afloat on rising tides. But is also unveils a world in which voices are silenced, inequality is ignored, and hands are washed of responsibility.

International law is built on metaphors. Metaphors provide a language to describe and convey the law’s operation, help international lawyers identify legal subjects and categorize situations in doctrinal categories, and provide normative justifications for the law. Exploring their operation at …

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Recirculation In Trickling Filters., Ahmed Fadel Dec 2021

Recirculation In Trickling Filters., Ahmed Fadel

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Recirculation is the least understood of factors that affect on the mechanism and performance of the trickling filter. When recirculation is used, this works out in to applying almost the same organic mass to the trickling filter but with the increased hydraulic rate and a lower organic concentration than without recirculation. In this analysis, the organic concentration was divided into low organic concentration where the first order kinetic prevails and high organic concentration where the zero order kinetic predominates. The effect of recirculation on trickling filter performance under the two kinetic conditions were studied theoretically and by manipulating other researchers …

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Design Criteria Assessment For The Aeration Tank In The Activated Sludge Process., Ahmed Fadel, Tarek Abdel-Hamead Dec 2021

Design Criteria Assessment For The Aeration Tank In The Activated Sludge Process., Ahmed Fadel, Tarek Abdel-Hamead

Mansoura Engineering Journal

In Egypt, the use of activated sludge process for treating domestic wastewater has been started recently. Several of activated sludge plants have been constructed in cities and villages. The kinetic coefficients used in sizing of the aeration tanks for these plants were taken the same as in the developed countries although the climatic conditions, load variation, presence of industrial wastewater and wastewater characteristics in Egypt differ than that in developed countries. A continuous flow activated sludge pilot plant was operated in El-Mansoura university sanitary engineering laboratory to determine the kinetic coefficients for El-Mansoura city and Meet-Mazah village wastewater. The results …

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A Digital Fir Filter For Qrs Complex Detection., Fatma Abou-Chadi, M. Elzalabani, Manal Saleh Dec 2021

A Digital Fir Filter For Qrs Complex Detection., Fatma Abou-Chadi, M. Elzalabani, Manal Saleh

Mansoura Engineering Journal

A digital filtering algorithm is presented that is suitable for automatic detection of QRS complexes. A bandpass nonrecursive finite impulse response ( NRFIR ) filter is used to suppress lower frequency frequencies of the ECG signal, which are inherently nonstationary, and to model the frequency response of the optimal matched filter. This digital filter is time saving and it provides linear phase characteristics so that the time of QRS occurrences is not affected. Its capability is demonstrated by applying the filtering to simulated and true ECG records. The detection rate very noisy records reaches 100 percent.

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A Technoeconomic Approach To Solid Waste Disposal And Handling In Dakhlia Governorate., Ibrahim Rashed, Yasser El-Hadidi Dec 2021

A Technoeconomic Approach To Solid Waste Disposal And Handling In Dakhlia Governorate., Ibrahim Rashed, Yasser El-Hadidi

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Due to the rapid increase of population in rural areas, specifically in Dakhlia Governorate, and the limited dwelling areas, the solid waste emanating either from stables, large animal stocks or agricultural waste causes hygienic problems, air pollution, water pollution, effects on the ecological balance and greater risk of dangerous fire. Anaerobic digestion is considered as one of the new trends in solid waste disposal. The anaerobic fermentation processes employed in/or by : 1- Industrial and municipal sewage treatment facilities. 2- Agricultural and animal biogas systems. 3- Garbage dumps/landfills. For industrial and municipal waste water treatment plants the prime objective is …

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A Neural Network Based Hybrid Technique For Data Compression Of Stereopairs., Ahmad Tolba, Abdul Ragab Dec 2021

A Neural Network Based Hybrid Technique For Data Compression Of Stereopairs., Ahmad Tolba, Abdul Ragab

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This paper presents a new hybrid technique for efficient compression of stereopairs . The proposed technique encompasses three processing stages: a phase difference disparity interpreter, a neural network based image compressor / decompressor, and a stereopair reconstructor. The main advantage of the proposed technique lies in a threefold data compression. The first data compression stage is realized by using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) for computation of the disparity. Data compression is achieved by sending both the disparity and the compressed right image. The second data compression stage is achieved by clamping the significant part of the FFT coefficients of …

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Speech Coding In The Sequency Domain., Fayez Soliman Dec 2021

Speech Coding In The Sequency Domain., Fayez Soliman

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Digital transmission of speech presents the opportunity to provide a more secure and bandwidth efficient service with a consistent quality. The feasibility and cost efficiency of future systems depends largely on the availability of low bit rate vocoders. Orthogonal transformations offer a means for reduction of the bit rate necessary for the transmission of speech signals. The ability to reduce the bit rate resides in the fact that the variance of the orthogonal function coefficients is far less than the variance of the speech itself. Discrete Walsh and Haar transforms are examined for their capacity to reduce the bit rate …

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Trajectory Analysis For An Industrial Robotic System., Kamel Soliman Dec 2021

Trajectory Analysis For An Industrial Robotic System., Kamel Soliman

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The present paper introduces a general scope about the growing role of industrial robot system in modern industries. A dynamic model for a two links robot is introduced mechanics. The dynamic behavior of such robotics system is oscilacting on the system. A computer program based on Runge-Kutta-R-K) fourth order method with variable step, is designed to study the dynamic behavior of such robotic system. A suggested technique for choosing the most suitable control input (controlling torque) for such nonlinear system is introduced. The steps of the suggested technigue are classified as follows:- For each link different stable trajectory are assumed …

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Mathematical Modelling Of Transient Processes In The Capacitive Take-Off Power Network., Ibrahim Mansy, A. Aly, Saad Eskander Dec 2021

Mathematical Modelling Of Transient Processes In The Capacitive Take-Off Power Network., Ibrahim Mansy, A. Aly, Saad Eskander

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This paper presents a mathematical modelling of the transient processes in a capacitive take-off power network. This model is based on the calculation of magnetic flux of a single-phase, two-winding transformer. This model is represented by non-linear equations. The short circuit occurs along the steel core, and the leakage flux coupling the separated coils closes out the side of core. The mathematical model is developed to investigate the conditions of transient process analysis in a capacitive take-off power network. The reduction of overvoltage during short circuit period is also studied in this paper. Also, this paper suggests the solution manner …

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Investigation Of Heat Transfer And Fluidization Dynamics Around Horizontal Bundle Tube In Fluidized Bed., Mohamed Sheta Dec 2021

Investigation Of Heat Transfer And Fluidization Dynamics Around Horizontal Bundle Tube In Fluidized Bed., Mohamed Sheta

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Experiments were performed on a fluidized bed model with a cross section of 80*85mm and a height of 1.2m. Sand particles were used as a bed material. Measurements of specific air consumption, pressure drop, mean wall temperature, bed temperature distributions and particle sizes have been carried out. Some primary experiments were carried out at ambient temperature to study fluidization characteristics of sand particles. The measurements were taken at near room temperature and ambient pressure using three sand particle sizes dp < /sub> = 2.32, 1.60 1.10mm). Experimental results for heat transfer coefficient and aerodynamic characteristics between immersed bundles of horizontal smooth tubes …

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Adaptive Enhacement Of Ambulatory Electrocardiograms., Fatma El-Zahraa Abou-Chadi Dec 2021

Adaptive Enhacement Of Ambulatory Electrocardiograms., Fatma El-Zahraa Abou-Chadi

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Quality improvement of ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) signals is an important subject and crucial in computer aided diagnosis and monitoring. However, the poor quality of the signals necessitates signal enhancements. Hence, in this paper, three adaptive filter structures are presented to eliminate the diverse forms of noise. The performance of each technique 18 thoroughly investigated by simulated signals as well as signals obtained from human subjects. A two stage filter consisting of an adaptive noise cancellar and adaptive recurrent filter has been found to reduce efficiently the various types of noise while the characteristics of the relevant ECG signal is little …

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Optimum Shunt Capacitor For Power Factor Compensation In The Presence Of Harmonics., Mohamed El-Saied, Gabr Abd El-Sallam, Abd El-Rahman Amin Dec 2021

Optimum Shunt Capacitor For Power Factor Compensation In The Presence Of Harmonics., Mohamed El-Saied, Gabr Abd El-Sallam, Abd El-Rahman Amin

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Power consumers require both reliable service and a acceptable voltage profile. The presence of nonlinear loads in power system generate harmonics which affect, in particular, the shape and magnitude of the supplied voltage, Classical design of capacitors for power factor compensation has been based on the undamental frequency analysis. However, the presence of harmonics and distortion, the compensated power factor is the short circuit generally worse. Additionally, according to capacity at the load bus, the calculated capacitor value could result in harmonic resonant conditions. A direct search technique known as Fibonacci Method (II) has been employed to determine the optimum …

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The Behaviour Of Geotextiles Under Arid Weather Conditions Kuwait As A Case Of Study., Mohamed Ali, H. El-Mudhaf Dec 2021

The Behaviour Of Geotextiles Under Arid Weather Conditions Kuwait As A Case Of Study., Mohamed Ali, H. El-Mudhaf

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This paper investigates the behaviour of geotextiles at exposure, storage and burial in soil in a hot dry climate. Kuwait was chosen as it experiences a wide range of annual temperature throughout the year, with air temperature rising to 55°C in summer and dropping to 0°C in winter. It also has an extremely high UV radiation level with long hours of uninterrupted sunshine on most of the days of the years. Two geotextiles presently used for separation and reinforcement applications, were fully exposed, stored out of sunlight and buried in soil at the depth of 0.5 m and 1.5 m. …

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Machinability Parameters In Finish Face Milling Of Low Alloy Cr-Ni Steel With Thr K30 Carbide Tool Part Ii: Surface Finish, Machined Surface. Texture, Minor Cutting Edge And Nature Of Chips., Fayez Abo-Gharbia Dec 2021

Machinability Parameters In Finish Face Milling Of Low Alloy Cr-Ni Steel With Thr K30 Carbide Tool Part Ii: Surface Finish, Machined Surface. Texture, Minor Cutting Edge And Nature Of Chips., Fayez Abo-Gharbia

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The second contribution presents the results of finish face milling in which the performance of THR K30 reported in terms of surface roughness and machined surface alterations when a low alloy steel in its hardened conditions was milled. The assessment of surface finish and the mechanisms involved in particular front and back cutting were defined. Details are given corresponding to the geometry of tool, elastic deformation and feed marks transferred to surface during front curling. Also, in back cutting, the surface refining by burnishing process on the trailing end culling edge was comprehensively explained. The effect of minor flank wear …

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An Investigation For Improving The Quality Of Thermo-Plastic Extrusion Products By Using New Statistical Method., Farouk Rashed Dec 2021

An Investigation For Improving The Quality Of Thermo-Plastic Extrusion Products By Using New Statistical Method., Farouk Rashed

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The traditional quality control procedures are adopted to reduce the variation in the process during the manufacturing stage. Modern quality control techniques are utilized as quality engineering in the design stage. In this paper a statistical quality control technique based on Taguchi method has been developed. The objective is to determine the optimum combination of the process characteristics that reduce performance variation while keeping the process average close to its target value. As well, various aspects of off line quality control procedures are discussed in this paper. Off-line quality control refers to quality and cost control activities at the product …

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A Contribution To The Study Of Flow Field And Heat Transfer On A Rearward - Facing Step., Awad El-Hadik Dec 2021

A Contribution To The Study Of Flow Field And Heat Transfer On A Rearward - Facing Step., Awad El-Hadik

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The flow and convective heat transfer characteristics over a backward-facing step were investigated numerically and experimentally. Two different step-heights were studied for different Reynolds numbers. The point of reattachment of the flow behind the step proved to be the point of maximum heat transfer coefficient. The size of the separated region as well as the Nus sell number depended greatly on the Reynolds number. Downstream of reattachment, the heat transfer coefficient declined rapidly and followed gradually the contour of the turbulent hound ary layer. The results of the investigation were compared to others from the literature with sat-isfaction.

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Morphology Of Discontinuous Precipitates In Nitrogenized 316 L Steel., Fawzy El-Sabbahy Dec 2021

Morphology Of Discontinuous Precipitates In Nitrogenized 316 L Steel., Fawzy El-Sabbahy

Mansoura Engineering Journal

316 L steel specimens, wt %, (18 Cr - 8 Ni - 2 Mo) containing nitrogen in the range of 0.02 - 0.6 wt% in powder form, were solution treated at 1100°C for 30 min. followed by water quenching. Solution treated materials were subjected to aging at temperatures of 700 and 800°C for several intervals of time. X-ray diffraction and Scanning electron microscopy were used to study the morphology of the precipitates at different aging conditions. The hardness of these materials was determined. The morphology and size of the precipitates produced during aging were observed to depend on the aging …

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High Frequency Transformer Modeling Based On Time Domain Solution., Youssef Abed, Fathi Youssef, Brahim Metwally, Ahmed Saber Dec 2021

High Frequency Transformer Modeling Based On Time Domain Solution., Youssef Abed, Fathi Youssef, Brahim Metwally, Ahmed Saber

Mansoura Engineering Journal

A new model for the high frequency transformer simulation is presented in this paper. The power transformer, is vital and expensive pieces of the power system, should be studied and investigated for all possible operational stresses. To this extend, a wide range of frequency covering all possible transient conditions is to be investigated. In this work a new model, which enables the calculation of transformer transient voltage response is presented. The model is based on measurements in high frequency domain using low voltage high frequency generator. The introduced new model is simple to be programmed using available programs like, “MATLAB …

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