Digital Commons Network^™

Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy Associated With Covid-19 Infection, James A. David, George D. Fivgas

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: To report a case of bilateral acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) associated with a COVID-19 infection. Observations: A 22-year-old female was referred for evaluation of bilateral scotomas concurrent with a mildly symptomatic COVID-19 infection. Exam showed normal visual acuity, bilateral reddish-brown petaloid retinal lesions which were hyporeflective on near infrared (NIR) optical coherence tomography (OCT), and had associated hypoperfusion of the deep vascular plexus on OCT-angiography (OCT-A) consistent with bilateral AMN. At follow-up, scotomas and retinal findings on near infrared imaging and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography had only slightly improved. Conclusions: COVID-19 has been documented to be the etiology of …

Structural Barriers Associated With The Intersection Of Traumatic Stress And Gun Violence: A Case Example Of New Orleans, Rahn Kennedy Bailey, Chikira H. Barker, Amit Grover

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Gun violence drastically increased in urban cities following the ease of shutdown restric-tions associated with the Coronavirus Pandemic. The association of gun violence and COVID-19 has highlighted the importance of taking a public health perspective, particularly as it relates to impacts on the Black community. In this article we discuss macro-level factors and community traumas in the city of New Orleans, an area that has had longstanding issues related to gun violence. Community structural issues, traumatic stress from disasters, and recommendations to address disparities in social determinants of health are discussed.

Characterization Of Anti-Ana O 3 Monoclonal Antibodies And Their Application In Comparing Brazilian Cashew Cultivars, Christopher P. Mattison, Barry Vant-Hull, Ana Cecilia Ribeiro De Castro, Heidi J. Chial, Yvette Bren-Mattison, Peter J. Bechtel, Edy Sousa De Brito

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Ana o 3 is an immuno-dominant cashew nut allergen. Four monoclonal antibodies to Ana o 3 (2H5, 6B9C1, 19C9A2, and 5B7F8) were characterized by ELISA and in silico modeling. The 2H5 antibody was the only antibody specific for cashew nut extract. In addition to cashew nut extract, the 6B9C1 and 19C9A2 antibodies recognized pistachio extract, and the 5B7F8 recognized pecan extract. All four antibodies recognized both recombinant Ana o 3.0101 and native Ana o 3. ELISA assays following treatment of purified Ana o 3 with a reducing agent indicated that the 6B9C1 and 19C9A2 antibodies likely recognize conformational epitopes, while …

Cdk5 Drives Formation Of Heterogeneous Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors, Angela M. Carter, Nilesh Kumar, Brendon Herring, Chunfeng Tan, Rachael Guenter, Rahul Telange, Wayne Howse, Fabrice Viol, Tyler R. Mccaw, Hayden H. Bickerton, Priyanka Gupta, Frank Gillardon, Eugene A. Woltering, Deepti Dhall, John Totenhagen, Ronadip R. Banerjee, Elizabeth M. Kurian, Sushanth Reddy, Herbert Chen, Joerg Schrader

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) are a heterogeneous population of neoplasms that arise from hormone-secreting islet cells of the pancreas and have increased markedly in incidence over the past four decades. Non-functional PanNETs, which occur more frequently than hormone-secreting tumors, are often not diagnosed until later stages of tumor development and have poorer prognoses. Development of successful therapeutics for PanNETs has been slow, partially due to a lack of diverse animal models for pre-clinical testing. Here, we report development of an inducible, conditional mouse model of PanNETs by using a bi-transgenic system for regulated expression of the aberrant activator of Cdk5, …

A Comparison Of Traditional Orthodontic Polishing Systems With Composite Polishing Systems Following Orthodontic Debonding, Elizabeth A. Melvin, Qingzhao Yu, Xiaoming Xu, Camille G. Laird, Paul C. Armbruster, Richard W. Ballard

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Introduction: At the completion of treatment, the orthodontic practitioner's goal is to effectively remove all traces of adhesive and return enamel to its initial state. With the advent of new polishing systems being released each year, there may be one product that is superior to others. Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of new polishing systems (in the last 5–10 years) used in general dentistry on enamel surface roughness following debond utilizing profilometery and scanning electron microscopy and compare them to established orthodontic polishing systems results. Methods: Fifty-two mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to one …

Assessing Vertebral Body Rotation For Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement In Scoliosis Surgery, Patrik Suwak, Abhishek Kumar, Kirby Bonvillain, Matthew Darlow, Peter D'Amore, Claudia Leonardi, Leland C. Mccluskey

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Study Design: Retrospective Review. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and magnitude of pedicle asymmetry as well as spinous process deviation in the healthy lumbar spine. Summary of Background Data: Minimally invasive spine surgery relies on fluoroscopic imaging as bony landmarks used for instrumentation are not exposed. The precision of techniques used to determine vertebral body rotation intraoperatively may be confounded by anatomic variation or pathology. Here, we investigate the physiologic variation in different anatomic structures of the lumbar spine used for percutaneous pedicle screw placement. Methods: 100 normal lumbar CT scans, without evidence of …

Oer And Entrepreneurship Education: Two Subjects Made For One Another, Jay Fulgencio

OER & Beyond - Blog Archive

Throughout my experiences in teaching, one of my favorite subjects to teach is entrepreneurship. The entrepreneurship eld is ever-changing, and there is no better skill than to teach students entrepreneurial skills that can bene t their career even if they do not want to open their own business. However, Open Education Resources (OER) material for an entrepreneurship course is vague, and you have to rely on the signi cant textbook publishers for an adequate entrepreneurship textbook. As an entrepreneurship instructor, there is no better time than for entrepreneurship educators to build OER content. The resources are plentiful, but experts need …

Teaching Healthy Communication Skills For College Students With Disabilities, Molly Mcshane

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

For college students with disabilities, interpersonal communication can be difficult. There have not been sufficient supportive services for college students with disabilities when it comes to learning communication skills in a college environment. Without effective communication skills, college students with disabilities may face social barriers and fewer chances for personal connections, which may lead to social isolation. In order to address this issue, I planned to create a 2-hour lesson for members of the Student Awareness for Disability Empowerment club (S.A.D.E) at California State University, Monterey Bay.

Swallow's Nest: Birdwatching Poems, Karissa Wehri

Greenway Press Chapbooks

No abstract provided.

The Year Of Brood Viii, Jona L. Pederson

Greenway Press Chapbooks

No abstract provided.

Immigration Law—Creating Consistency In Domestic Violence Asylum Cases, Zoya Miller

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Time To Mail It In? A Survey Of 2020 Voting Rights Issues In Arkansas And Recommendations For More Inclusive Elections, Kim Vu-Dinh

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

The highly contagious COVID-19 pandemic, combined with over fifty lawsuits brought by former President Donald Trump, made the general election of 2020 one of the most controversial in the history of the United States. Accusations of voter disenfranchisement proliferated across the nation and were initiated by members of both sides of the political spectrum, even before Election Day. Arkansas was no exception to this rule. In 2020, multiple Arkansas lawsuits highlighted the weaknesses of the state’s voter infrastructure, particularly with regard to the absentee ballot process. Voting-by-mail was particularly important in the pandemic year when long lines became a public …

Yazzie V. Hobbs: The 2020 Election And Voting By Mail On- And Off-Reservation In Arizona, Jean Reith Schroedel, Kara Mazareas, Joseph Dietrich, Jamaica Bacus-Crawford

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

During the 2020 election, voting by mail was touted as a way to safely vote from home and avoid the risks of contracting COVID-19. While voting by mail is definitely safer than in-person voting, it also assumes that all citizens have equal access to the mail services needed for voting by mail. Lawyers, acting on behalf of Navajo plaintiffs in Arizona, argued in Yazzie et al. v. Hobbs (2020) that voters living on the Navajo Nation faced impermissible barriers in accessing voting by mail. They provided evidence showing there was limited mail service on the reservation and that mail delivery …

Labor And Employment—Not Waiting For Superman: Collective Bargaining As An Affirmation Of Teachers' Value, Christopher Yeatman

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Business Judgment Rule Or Due Diligence? How To Reduce Vicarious Liability For Spac Directors And Officers, Beau Duty

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Trends Of Armed Conflict In Kenya From 1997 To 2021: An Exploratory Data Analysis, Peter Kimani, Caroline Mugo, Henry Athiany

Graduate School of Media and Communications

Armed conflict patterns have drastically changed since the post-cold war period. In Sub-Saharan Africa, armed conflict continues to be persistent and on the rise. Kenya has not experienced civil war, but has experienced intra-state conflicts which display themselves as political, natural resources, ethnicity, land, and environmental conflicts. This study aimed to identify patterns and trends of armed conflict in Kenya. Secondary data from Armed Conflict and Location Events Data (ACLED) for the period 15th January 1997 to 25th February 2021 was used. Exploratory data analysis and generalized additive model were used to identify patterns and trends. For the period studied, …

Quality Improvement Project: Communication Guidance During And Following Maternal Hemorrhage, Kathleen Giramur

Doctor of Nursing Practice

Background. Maternal hemorrhage is a significant cause of worsening maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States. If timely, effective, and compassionate communication is not provided during and following traumatic birth events, negative mental health problems may result that affect maternal well-being, bonding with the baby, and family relationships. A gap analysis carried out at the clinical site showed that a written, evidence-based guidance on communication with patients and families during and after a maternal hemorrhage event was needed. Compliance through documentation is required by the Joint Commission. Trauma-Informed Care is an evidence-based communication approach that incorporates principles of safety, …

Improving The Early Detection And Management Of Peripheral Artery Disease In Patients With Diabetes Within The Primary Care Setting, Julyssa Amanda Rodriguez

Doctor of Nursing Practice

Background. Diabetes is a significant risk factor for peripheral artery disease. Individuals with diabetes, greater than 50 years of age, having at least one other risk factor should be screened for peripheral artery disease with an ankle brachial index. Purpose. Improve detection and management of peripheral artery disease in persons with diabetes within primary care. Evidence. Individuals with diabetes and peripheral artery disease have an increased risk of adverse cardiac and limb events, impairing the patient’s quality of life and causing long-term disability (Berger & Newman, 2020). Methods. During a 10-week period, these processes were implemented: (a) screening all patients …

Vte And Anticoagulation In Menstruating Women, Ida Micaily, Bethany T. Samuelson Bannow

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Women of childbearing potential have a high prevalence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to high estrogen states, such as pregnancy and the use of estrogen-containing contraceptives. Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) affects up to two-thirds of menstruating women on anticoagulation (AC), and can severely impair a woman's quality of life. Rates of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and other forms of AUB including inter-menstrual and postmenopausal bleeding are consistently underreported in the original clinical trials utilizing AC. VTE can occur at any time in a woman's life, and the aim of this review article is to discuss the current landscape of literature …

Assessment Of Temporal Variations In Adherence To Nrp Using Video Recording In The Delivery Room, Amy J Sloane, Kaitlin M Kenaley, Michael T Favara

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Video recording and video evaluation tools have been successfully used to evaluate neonatal resuscitation performance. The objective of our study was to evaluate differences in Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) adherence at time of birth between three temporal resuscitative periods using scored video recordings.

METHODS: This is a retrospective review of in-situ resuscitation video recordings from a level 3 perinatal center between 2017 and 2018. The modified Neonatal Resuscitation Assessment (mNRA) scoring tool was used as a surrogate marker to assess NRP adherence during daytime, evening, and nighttime hours.

RESULTS: A total of 260 resuscitations, of which 258 were births …

Memory Distortion For Footage Of An Emotionally Disturbing Police/Civilian Encounter: Investigating The Influence Of Bias And Trauma, Eric A. Korzun

Student Theses

Although body-worn cameras (BWCs) are expected to be objective tools for increasing police transparency and accountability, research refutes the idea that people can objectively view footage. Instead, research shows that people’s personal biases—for example, the extent to which people view the police like themselves, measured by the Identification with Police Scale (IPS; Tyler & Fagan, 2008) —shape how they view and interpret BWC footage (Jones, Crozier, & Strange, 2017). Additionally, studies of memory distortion reveal that people can come to remember traumatic events as worse than they originally experienced (Strange & Takarangi, 2012). Taken together, then, when viewing traumatic BWC …

Detecting Gsr Indicative Particles On Decayed Bones Using A Novel Field Kit, Sven Engling

Student Theses

Decomposed human remains are complex forensic puzzles, escalating in difficulty as the remains’ age obscures evidence, like trauma. Research has shown that scanning electron microscopes with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometers (SEM-EDX) are capable of detecting and identifying gunshot residue (GSR) particles on bones. However, SEM-EDX work is time consuming, expensive, and not accessible to every forensic department. Therefore, a preliminary field test capable of detecting GSR indicative particles, like lead, could save departments money and assist in trauma identification. This study examines the viability of using either the 3M Lead Check Test swabs or a sodium rhodizonate solution as part …

Development And Validation Of A Method For The Determination Of Designer Benzodiazepines In Hair By Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (Lc-Ms/Ms), Laura C. Defreitas

Student Theses

In recent years, new designer benzodiazepines have become a challenge in forensic toxicology. These substances are analogues of the classic benzodiazepines, but their pharmacology is not well known, and many of them have been associated with overdoses and deaths. As a result, there has been a surge in efforts to develop ways to accurately test for these compounds in different biological matrices. This study focused to develop and validate a method for determining 17 new designer benzodiazepines in hair by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Hair samples were decontaminated, pulverized, and 20 mg of the sample was incubated in …

The Influence Of Demographic Information On Public Attitudes Towards Individuals Who Commit Sexual Offenses, Emily Bogdan

Student Theses

Research exploring the factors that shape public attitudes towards individuals who commit sexual offenses is needed to inform policy and reduce stigma that these individuals face as they reenter society. Prior research has explored demographic factors of those who offend and have been victimized, but few have studied how these variables may interact with one another to shape attitudes toward people who commit sexual offenses. The current study explores whether offender gender, victim gender, and victim age shape the public’s attitudes towards these individuals. Participants were presented with a vignette describing the offense and then they were asked to respond …

Impact Of Blood Collection Tubes In Cannabinoid Quantitative Analysis, Tega E. Obruche-Akponah

Student Theses

In forensic toxicological cases, sample stability and storage are pivotal for obtaining adequate analytical results. Currently, limited information is available about the impact of different preservatives and anticoagulants present in the blood tubes used in the collection of blood samples containing cannabinoids. This study investigated the impact of sodium fluoride (gray top) and sodium citrate (blue top) blood collection tubes on the concentrations of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN) and 5 THC metabolites (THC-OH, THC-COOH, THC-diOH, THC-glucuronide, THCCOOH-glucuronide) in whole blood samples, stored at room temperature, 4ºC and -20ºC for up to 3.5 months. The samples were extracted using …

Dna Extraction And Genotyping From Burned Skeletal Remains, Kayla M. Rooney

Student Theses

In this research, bovine leg bones were burned, both with and without meat intact, in order to determine if it was possible to extract and amplify DNA to obtain profiles. The meat was burned over an open flame and the DNA was extracted using the Qiagen DNeasy Blood & Tissue Mini Kit, quantified with the NanoDrop, and amplified using the Bovine Genotypes Panel 3.1 Kit, and separated using the 3500 Genetic Analyzer. Profiles were analyzed using the Thermo Fisher Cloud Microsatellite Analysis software. The samples burned with the meat intact produced lower quantities of DNA than the bones burned with …

Waiting To Tell: Factors Associated With Delays In Reporting Sexual Violence, Lahiz P. Tavarez

Student Theses

In the United States (U.S.), 20% of women have experienced completed or attempted rape and 43.6% of women have experienced some form of contact sexual violence. Many instances of sexual violence go unreported to law enforcement – only 34% are reported to the police. Reporting can lead to more favorable outcomes for survivors since it is likely to increase access to medical care and mental health services and is an important step in order to hold perpetrators accountable, prevent future victims, and reduce the likelihood of longer psychological distress for the survivor. Delays in reporting are more prevalent in cases …

Support For Militant U.S. Foreign Policy: The Role Of Authoritarianism And International Xenophobia, Brandon M. Garcia

Student Theses

Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) has been studied extensively in the domestic socio-political context, but its potential impact on foreign policy is still poorly understood. The current study replicated the putative two-factor model of the construct (Authoritarian Aggression/Submission and Conventionalism) and examined the associations of each factor with perceptions of overall danger to the U.S. posed by other countries and with the support for more militant U.S. foreign policy. As expected, both RWA factors correlated with self-reported levels of political conservatism (r = 0.32, r = 0.33; p < .001) Additionally, Authoritarian Aggression and Submission (but not Conventionalism) were correlated with increased perceived danger from foreign countries (r = .35; p < .001) and increased support for a more militant U.S. foreign policy (r = .25; p < .001). Participants higher in RWA were more likely to view the world as a hostile and threatening place, and in turn support more aggressive military action in response to those fears.

Effects Of Improper Ammunition Storage, Victoria S. Andre

Student Theses

Firearms are commonly used by law enforcement, hunters, and civilians either for protection, sport or criminal activity. Ammunition is used in traditional firearms such as rifles and handguns, and consists of a cartridge case, propellant, a bullet (projectile), and primer. The two types of priming systems within the cartridge that are commonly used today are rimfire and centerfire cartridges. There are several types of malfunctions that can occur with ammunition. Improper ammunition storage is one major factor that plays a role in ammunition failure. One form of improper ammunition storage is where the storage environment being used abruptly changes due …

‘I Still Desire To Have A Child’: A Qualitative Analysis Of Intersectional Hiv - And Childlessness-Related Stigma In Rural Southwestern Uganda, Madeline Pratt, Moran Owembabazi, Winnie Muyindike, Angela Kaida, Jeanne M. Marrazzo, David Bangsberg, Mwebesa B. Bwana, Christina Psaros, Janet Turan, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study explored the intersecting forms of stigma experienced by HIV-sero different couples with unmet reproductive goals in rural Uganda. The parent mixed-methods study, which included 131 HIV-exposed women with plans for pregnancy, offered comprehensive HIV prevention counselling and care over a nine month period. In-depth interviews were conducted with 37 women and seven male partners to explore care experiences and the use of safer conception strategies. This secondary analysis explored how challenges conceiving informed pregnancy plans and HIV prevention behaviours. The following themes were developed (1) partnership conflicts arise from HIV- and infertility-related forms of stigma, contributing to gender-based …