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Articles 794281 - 794310 of 5156734

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A Novel Preference-Informed Complementary Trial (Pict) Design For Clinical Trial Research Influenced By Strong Patient Preferences, Samina Ali, Gareth Hopkin, Naveen Poonai, Lawrence Richer, Maryna Yaskina, Anna Heath, Terry Paul Klassen, Chris Mccabe, Amy Drendel, Jeff Round, Jeff Round, Martin Offringa, Petros Pechlivanoglou, Petros Pechlivanoglou, Eleanor Pullenayegum, Eleanor Pullenayegum, David Rios, Marie Christine Auclair, Kelly Kim, Lise Bourrier, Lauren Dawson, Kamary Coriolano Dasilva, Pamela Marples, Rick Watts, Jennifer Thull-Freedman, Patrick Mcgrath Dec 2021

A Novel Preference-Informed Complementary Trial (Pict) Design For Clinical Trial Research Influenced By Strong Patient Preferences, Samina Ali, Gareth Hopkin, Naveen Poonai, Lawrence Richer, Maryna Yaskina, Anna Heath, Terry Paul Klassen, Chris Mccabe, Amy Drendel, Jeff Round, Jeff Round, Martin Offringa, Petros Pechlivanoglou, Petros Pechlivanoglou, Eleanor Pullenayegum, Eleanor Pullenayegum, David Rios, Marie Christine Auclair, Kelly Kim, Lise Bourrier, Lauren Dawson, Kamary Coriolano Dasilva, Pamela Marples, Rick Watts, Jennifer Thull-Freedman, Patrick Mcgrath

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Patients and their families often have preferences for medical care that relate to wider considerations beyond the clinical effectiveness of the proposed interventions. Traditionally, these preferences have not been adequately considered in research. Research questions where patients and families have strong preferences may not be appropriate for traditional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) due to threats to internal and external validity, as there may be high levels of drop-out and non-adherence or recruitment of a sample that is not representative of the treatment population. Several preference-informed designs have been developed to address problems with traditional RCTs, but these designs have …

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Canadian Urological Association Guideline: Management Of Ureteral Calculi - Abridged Version, Jason Y. Lee, Sero Andonian, Naeem Bhojani, Jennifer Bjazevic, Ben H. Chew, Shubha De, Hazem Elmansy, Andrea G. Lantz-Powers, Kenneth T. Pace, Trevor D. Schuler, Rajiv K. Singal, Peter Wang, Michael Ordon Dec 2021

Canadian Urological Association Guideline: Management Of Ureteral Calculi - Abridged Version, Jason Y. Lee, Sero Andonian, Naeem Bhojani, Jennifer Bjazevic, Ben H. Chew, Shubha De, Hazem Elmansy, Andrea G. Lantz-Powers, Kenneth T. Pace, Trevor D. Schuler, Rajiv K. Singal, Peter Wang, Michael Ordon

Paediatrics Publications

No abstract provided.

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Childhood-Onset Dystonia-Causing Kmt2b Variants Result In A Distinctive Genomic Hypermethylation Profile, Andrea Ciolfi, Aidin Foroutan, Alessandro Capuano, Lucia Pedace, Lorena Travaglini, Simone Pizzi, Marco Andreani, Evelina Miele, Federica Invernizzi, Chiara Reale, Celeste Panteghini, Maria Iascone, Marcello Niceta, Ralitza H. Gavrilova, Laura Schultz-Rogers, Emanuele Agolini, Maria Francesca Bedeschi, Paolo Prontera, Matteo Garibaldi, Serena Galosi, Vincenzo Leuzzi, Paola Soliveri, Rory J. Olson, Giovanna S. Zorzi, Barbara M. Garavaglia, Marco Tartaglia Dec 2021

Childhood-Onset Dystonia-Causing Kmt2b Variants Result In A Distinctive Genomic Hypermethylation Profile, Andrea Ciolfi, Aidin Foroutan, Alessandro Capuano, Lucia Pedace, Lorena Travaglini, Simone Pizzi, Marco Andreani, Evelina Miele, Federica Invernizzi, Chiara Reale, Celeste Panteghini, Maria Iascone, Marcello Niceta, Ralitza H. Gavrilova, Laura Schultz-Rogers, Emanuele Agolini, Maria Francesca Bedeschi, Paolo Prontera, Matteo Garibaldi, Serena Galosi, Vincenzo Leuzzi, Paola Soliveri, Rory J. Olson, Giovanna S. Zorzi, Barbara M. Garavaglia, Marco Tartaglia

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Dystonia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal, often repetitive, movements and/or postures. Heterozygous variants in lysine methyltransferase 2B (KMT2B), encoding a histone H3 methyltransferase, have been associated with a childhood-onset, progressive and complex form of dystonia (dystonia 28, DYT28). Since 2016, more than one hundred rare KMT2B variants have been reported, including frameshift, nonsense, splice site, missense and other in-frame changes, many having an uncertain clinical impact. Results: We characterize the genome-wide peripheral blood DNA methylation profiles of a cohort of 18 patients with pathogenic and unclassified KMT2B …

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Choosing Wisely Canada – Pediatric Otolaryngology Recommendations, Mitchell Mcdonough, Kalpesh Hathi, Gerard Corsten, Christopher J. Chin, Paolo Campisi, Jonathan Cavanagh, Neil Chadha, M. Elise Graham, Murad Husein, Liane B. Johnson, Jodi Jones, Bruce Korman, John Manoukian, Lily H.P. Nguyen, Doron D. Sommer, Julie Strychowsky, Trina Uwiera, Warren Yunker, Paul Hong Dec 2021

Choosing Wisely Canada – Pediatric Otolaryngology Recommendations, Mitchell Mcdonough, Kalpesh Hathi, Gerard Corsten, Christopher J. Chin, Paolo Campisi, Jonathan Cavanagh, Neil Chadha, M. Elise Graham, Murad Husein, Liane B. Johnson, Jodi Jones, Bruce Korman, John Manoukian, Lily H.P. Nguyen, Doron D. Sommer, Julie Strychowsky, Trina Uwiera, Warren Yunker, Paul Hong

Paediatrics Publications

The Choosing Wisely Canada campaign raises awareness amongst physicians and patients regarding unnecessary or inappropriate tests and treatments. Using an online survey, members of the Pediatric Otolaryngology Subspecialty Group within the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery developed a list of nine evidence based recommendations to help physicians and patients make treatment decisions regarding common pediatric otolaryngology presentations: (1) Don’t routinely order a plain film x-ray in the evaluation of nasal fractures; (2) Don’t order imaging to distinguish acute bacterial sinusitis from an upper respiratory infection; (3) Don’t place tympanostomy tubes in most children for a single …

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Correction To: A Novel Preference-Informed Complementary Trial (Pict) Design For Clinical Trial Research Influenced By Strong Patient Preferences (Trials, (2021), 22, 1, (206), 10.1186/S13063-021-05164-1), Samina Ali, Gareth Hopkin, Naveen Poonai, Lawrence Richer, Maryna Yaskina, Anna Heath, Terry Paul Klassen, Chris Mccabe Dec 2021

Correction To: A Novel Preference-Informed Complementary Trial (Pict) Design For Clinical Trial Research Influenced By Strong Patient Preferences (Trials, (2021), 22, 1, (206), 10.1186/S13063-021-05164-1), Samina Ali, Gareth Hopkin, Naveen Poonai, Lawrence Richer, Maryna Yaskina, Anna Heath, Terry Paul Klassen, Chris Mccabe

Paediatrics Publications

Following the publication of the original article [1], we were notified that the Acknowledgements section needs to accommodate additional collaborators. The original article has been corrected.

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Differential And Synergistic Effects Of Low Birth Weight And Western Diet On Skeletal Muscle Vasculature, Mitochondrial Lipid Metabolism And Insulin Signaling In Male Guinea Pigs, Kristyn Dunlop, Ousseynou Sarr, Nicole Stachura, Lin Zhao, Karen Nygard, Jennifer A. Thompson, Jennifer Hadway, Bryan S. Richardson, Yves Bureau, Nica Borradaile, Ting Yim Lee, Timothy R.H. Regnault Dec 2021

Differential And Synergistic Effects Of Low Birth Weight And Western Diet On Skeletal Muscle Vasculature, Mitochondrial Lipid Metabolism And Insulin Signaling In Male Guinea Pigs, Kristyn Dunlop, Ousseynou Sarr, Nicole Stachura, Lin Zhao, Karen Nygard, Jennifer A. Thompson, Jennifer Hadway, Bryan S. Richardson, Yves Bureau, Nica Borradaile, Ting Yim Lee, Timothy R.H. Regnault

Paediatrics Publications

Low birth weight (LBW) offspring are at increased risk for developing insulin resistance, a key precursor in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Altered skeletal muscle vasculature, extracellular matrix, amino acid and mitochondrial lipid metabolism, and insulin signaling are implicated in this pathogenesis. Using uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI) to induce intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and LBW in the guinea pig, we investigated the relationship between UPI-induced IUGR/LBW and later life skeletal muscle arteriole density, fibrosis, amino acid and mitochondrial lipid metabolism, markers of insulin signaling and glucose uptake, and how a postnatal high-fat, high-sugar “Western” diet (WD) modulates these changes. …

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Discovery Of An Exosite On The Socs2-Sh2 Domain That Enhances Sh2 Binding To Phosphorylated Ligands, Edmond M. Linossi, Kunlun Li, Gianluca Veggiani, Cyrus Tan, Farhad Dehkhoda, Colin Hockings, Dale J. Calleja, Narelle Keating, Rebecca Siu, Monika Wojtera, Murad Husein Dec 2021

Discovery Of An Exosite On The Socs2-Sh2 Domain That Enhances Sh2 Binding To Phosphorylated Ligands, Edmond M. Linossi, Kunlun Li, Gianluca Veggiani, Cyrus Tan, Farhad Dehkhoda, Colin Hockings, Dale J. Calleja, Narelle Keating, Rebecca Siu, Monika Wojtera, Murad Husein

Paediatrics Publications

Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)2 protein is a key negative regulator of the growth hormone (GH) and Janus kinase (JAK)-Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STAT) signaling cascade. The central SOCS2-Src homology 2 (SH2) domain is characteristic of the SOCS family proteins and is an important module that facilitates recognition of targets bearing phosphorylated tyrosine (pTyr) residues. Here we identify an exosite on the SOCS2-SH2 domain which, when bound to a non-phosphorylated peptide (F3), enhances SH2 affinity for canonical phosphorylated ligands. Solution of the SOCS2/F3 crystal structure reveals F3 as an α-helix which binds on the opposite side of the …

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Disentangling Language Status And Country-Of-Origin Explanations Of The Bilingual Advantage In Preschoolers, Isu Cho, Jewan Park, Hyun Joo Song, J. Bruce Morton Dec 2021

Disentangling Language Status And Country-Of-Origin Explanations Of The Bilingual Advantage In Preschoolers, Isu Cho, Jewan Park, Hyun Joo Song, J. Bruce Morton

Paediatrics Publications

Bilingual preschoolers from East Asia outperform monolingual preschoolers from North America or Europe in executive functioning tasks, which has been interpreted as evidence of a bilingual advantage in executive functioning. This study tested whether these differences actually reflect country-of-origin effects given that East Asian preschoolers frequently outperform North American or European children in executive functioning tasks. Consistent with previous findings, Korean–English bilingual preschoolers made fewer errors in an age-appropriate executive functioning task than did English monolingual children in Canada. However, Korean–English bilingual preschoolers performed comparably to Korean monolingual preschoolers in Korea. Differences between Korean and Canadian children's executive functioning were …

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Dna Methylation Epi-Signature Is Associated With Two Molecularly And Phenotypically Distinct Clinical Subtypes Of Phelan-Mcdermid Syndrome, L. C. Schenkel, E. Aref-Eshghi, K. Rooney, J. Kerkhof, M. A. Levy, H. Mcconkey, R. C. Rogers, K. Phelan, S. M. Sarasua, L. Jain, R. Pauly, L. Boccuto, B. Dupont, G. Cappuccio, N. Brunetti-Pierri, C. E. Schwartz, B. Sadikovic Dec 2021

Dna Methylation Epi-Signature Is Associated With Two Molecularly And Phenotypically Distinct Clinical Subtypes Of Phelan-Mcdermid Syndrome, L. C. Schenkel, E. Aref-Eshghi, K. Rooney, J. Kerkhof, M. A. Levy, H. Mcconkey, R. C. Rogers, K. Phelan, S. M. Sarasua, L. Jain, R. Pauly, L. Boccuto, B. Dupont, G. Cappuccio, N. Brunetti-Pierri, C. E. Schwartz, B. Sadikovic

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Phelan-McDermid syndrome is characterized by a range of neurodevelopmental phenotypes with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. It is caused by a variable size and breakpoint microdeletions in the distal long arm of chromosome 22, referred to as 22q13.3 deletion syndrome, including the SHANK3 gene. Genetic defects in a growing number of neurodevelopmental genes have been shown to cause genome-wide disruptions in epigenomic profiles referred to as epi-signatures in affected individuals. Results: In this study we assessed genome-wide DNA methylation profiles in a cohort of 22 individuals with Phelan-McDermid syndrome, including 11 individuals with large (2 to 5.8 Mb) 22q13.3 …

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Dress Induced By Amoxicillin-Clavulanate In Two Pediatric Patients Confirmed By Lymphocyte Toxicity Assay, Arun Dhir, Hasandeep Kular, Abdelbaset A. Elzagallaai, Bruce Carleton, Michael J. Rieder, Raymond Mak, Tiffany Wong Dec 2021

Dress Induced By Amoxicillin-Clavulanate In Two Pediatric Patients Confirmed By Lymphocyte Toxicity Assay, Arun Dhir, Hasandeep Kular, Abdelbaset A. Elzagallaai, Bruce Carleton, Michael J. Rieder, Raymond Mak, Tiffany Wong

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare but serious delayed hypersensitivity reaction that can be caused by antibiotic exposure. The reaction typically develops in 2 to 6 weeks. The pathophysiology is thought to involve toxic drug metabolites acting as a hapten, triggering a systemic response. The diagnosis is made clinically but can be confirmed using assays such as the lymphocyte toxicity assay (LTA), which correlates cell death upon exposure to drug metabolites with susceptibility to hypersensitivity reactions. Case presentations: Case 1 involves a previously healthy 11-month-old male with first exposure to amoxicillin-clavulanate, prescribed for seven …

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Dynamic Tracking Of Microvascular Hemoglobin Content For Continuous Perfusion Monitoring In The Intensive Care Unit: Pilot Feasibility Study, Asher A. Mendelson, Ajay Rajaram, Daniel Bainbridge, Keith St Lawrence, Tracey Bentall, Michael Sharpe, Mamadou Diop, Christopher G. Ellis Dec 2021

Dynamic Tracking Of Microvascular Hemoglobin Content For Continuous Perfusion Monitoring In The Intensive Care Unit: Pilot Feasibility Study, Asher A. Mendelson, Ajay Rajaram, Daniel Bainbridge, Keith St Lawrence, Tracey Bentall, Michael Sharpe, Mamadou Diop, Christopher G. Ellis

Paediatrics Publications

Purpose: There is a need for bedside methods to monitor oxygen delivery in the microcirculation. Near-infrared spectroscopy commonly measures tissue oxygen saturation, but does not reflect the time-dependent variability of microvascular hemoglobin content (MHC) that attempts to match oxygen supply with demand. The objective of this study is to determine the feasibility of MHC monitoring in critically ill patients using high-resolution near-infrared spectroscopy to assess perfusion in the peripheral microcirculation. Methods: Prospective observational cohort of 36 patients admitted within 48 h at a tertiary intensive care unit. Perfusion was measured on the quadriceps, biceps, and/or deltoid, using the temporal change …

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Ectopic Mineralisation Of The Mandibular Symphysis In Ent1 Knockout Mice: A Model Of Dystrophic Calcification, Dale E. Fournier, Kim L. Beaucage, Ryan J. Beach, Patti K. Kiser, Cheryle A. Séguin, S. Jeffrey Dixon Dec 2021

Ectopic Mineralisation Of The Mandibular Symphysis In Ent1 Knockout Mice: A Model Of Dystrophic Calcification, Dale E. Fournier, Kim L. Beaucage, Ryan J. Beach, Patti K. Kiser, Cheryle A. Séguin, S. Jeffrey Dixon

Paediatrics Publications

Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) transfers nucleosides, such as adenosine, across plasma membranes. We reported previously that mice lacking ENT1 (ENT1−/−) exhibit progressive ectopic calcification of spinal tissues—a phenotype resembling diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) in humans. Our objective was to investigate potential calcification of orofacial tissues in ENT1−/− mice. Heads of wild-type mice and ENT1−/− mice from 3 to 17 months were evaluated using microcomputed tomography (μCT). Some heads were decalcified and processed for histological assessment. Other heads were examined using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and micro X-ray diffraction. Using μCT, ENT1−/− mice showed extensive radiopaque lesions within the …

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Efficacy Of Mobile Phone Use On Adherence To Nevirapine Prophylaxis And Retention In Care Among The Hiv-Exposed Infants In Prevention Of Mother To Child Transmission Of Hiv: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Lilian M.N. Kebaya, Dalton Wamalwa, Nyambura Kariuki, Bashir Admani, Philip Ayieko, Ruth Nduati Dec 2021

Efficacy Of Mobile Phone Use On Adherence To Nevirapine Prophylaxis And Retention In Care Among The Hiv-Exposed Infants In Prevention Of Mother To Child Transmission Of Hiv: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Lilian M.N. Kebaya, Dalton Wamalwa, Nyambura Kariuki, Bashir Admani, Philip Ayieko, Ruth Nduati

Paediatrics Publications

Background: HIV is a major contributor to infant mortality. A significant gap remains between the uptake of infant and maternal antiretroviral regimens and only a minority of HIV-exposed infants receives prophylaxis and safe infant feeding. Losses to follow-up of HIV-exposed infants are associated with shortcomings of facility-based PMTCT models with weak community support of linkages. Use of mobile phones offers an opportunity for improving care and promoting retention assessed by timely attendance of scheduled appointments for the mother-baby pairs and achievement of an HIV-free generation. The objective of this study was to compare self-reported adherence to infant Nevirapine (NVP) prophylaxis …

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Exploring Sensory Phenotypes In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Nichole E. Scheerer, Kristina Curcin, Bobby Stojanoski, Evdokia Anagnostou, Rob Nicolson, Elizabeth Kelley, Stelios Georgiades, Xudong Liu Dec 2021

Exploring Sensory Phenotypes In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Nichole E. Scheerer, Kristina Curcin, Bobby Stojanoski, Evdokia Anagnostou, Rob Nicolson, Elizabeth Kelley, Stelios Georgiades, Xudong Liu

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Atypical reactions to the sensory environment are often reported in autistic individuals, with a high degree of variability across the sensory modalities. These sensory differences have been shown to promote challenging behaviours and distress in autistic individuals and are predictive of other functions including motor, social, and cognitive abilities. Preliminary research suggests that specific sensory differences may cluster together within individuals creating discrete sensory phenotypes. However, the manner in which these sensory differences cluster, and whether the resulting phenotypes are associated with specific cognitive and social challenges is unclear. Methods: Short sensory profile data from 599 autistic children and …

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Factors Associated With Parents’ Experiences Using A Knowledge Translation Tool For Vaccination Pain Management: A Qualitative Study, Nicole E. Mackenzie, Perri R. Tutelman, Christine T. Chambers, Jennifer A. Parker, Noni E. Macdonald, C. Meghan Mcmurtry, Pierre Pluye, Vera Granikov Dec 2021

Factors Associated With Parents’ Experiences Using A Knowledge Translation Tool For Vaccination Pain Management: A Qualitative Study, Nicole E. Mackenzie, Perri R. Tutelman, Christine T. Chambers, Jennifer A. Parker, Noni E. Macdonald, C. Meghan Mcmurtry, Pierre Pluye, Vera Granikov

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Vaccination is a common painful procedure for children. Parents’ concern regarding vaccination pain is a significant driver of vaccine hesitancy. Despite the wealth of evidence-based practices available for managing vaccination pain, parents lack knowledge of, and access to, these strategies. Knowledge translation (KT) tools can communicate evidence-based information to parents, however little is known about what factors influence parents’ use of these tools. A two-page, electronic KT tool on psychological, physical, and pharmacological vaccination pain management strategies for children, was shared with parents as part of a larger mixed methods study, using explanatory sequential design, exploring factors related to …

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Feasibility Of Implementation Of Card™ For School-Based Immunizations In Calgary, Alberta: A Cluster Trial, Anna Taddio, Joanne Coldham, Charlotte Logeman, C. Meghan Mcmurtry, Cheri Little, Tracy Samborn, Lucie M. Bucci, Noni E. Macdonald, Vibhuti Khan, Guang Liang Dec 2021

Feasibility Of Implementation Of Card™ For School-Based Immunizations In Calgary, Alberta: A Cluster Trial, Anna Taddio, Joanne Coldham, Charlotte Logeman, C. Meghan Mcmurtry, Cheri Little, Tracy Samborn, Lucie M. Bucci, Noni E. Macdonald, Vibhuti Khan, Guang Liang

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Negative experiences with school-based immunizations can contribute to vaccine hesitancy in youth and adulthood. We developed an evidence-based, multifaceted and customizable intervention to improve the immunization experience at school called the CARD™ (C-Comfort, A-Ask, R-Relax, D-Distract) system. We evaluated the feasibility of CARD™ implementation for school-based immunizations in Calgary, Canada. Methods: In a mixed methods study, two Community Health Centres providing immunization services, including 5 schools each with grade 9 students (aged approximately 14 years), were randomized to CARD™ or control (usual care). In the CARD™ group, public health staff and students were educated about coping strategies prior to …

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Haploinsufficiency Of Sf3b2 Causes Craniofacial Microsomia, Andrew T. Timberlake, Casey Griffin, Carrie L. Heike, Anne V. Hing, Michael L. Cunningham, David Chitayat, Mark R. Davis, Soghra J. Doust Dec 2021

Haploinsufficiency Of Sf3b2 Causes Craniofacial Microsomia, Andrew T. Timberlake, Casey Griffin, Carrie L. Heike, Anne V. Hing, Michael L. Cunningham, David Chitayat, Mark R. Davis, Soghra J. Doust

Paediatrics Publications

Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is the second most common congenital facial anomaly, yet its genetic etiology remains unknown. We perform whole-exome or genome sequencing of 146 kindreds with sporadic (n = 138) or familial (n = 8) CFM, identifying a highly significant burden of loss of function variants in SF3B2 (P = 3.8 × 10−10), a component of the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex, in probands. We describe twenty individuals from seven kindreds harboring de novo or transmitted haploinsufficient variants in SF3B2. Probands display mandibular hypoplasia, microtia, facial and preauricular tags, epibulbar dermoids, lateral oral clefts in addition to skeletal and …

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High Infliximab Trough Concentrations Are Associated With Sustained Histologic Remission In Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study, Aze Wilson, Bethany Choi, Michael Sey, Terry Ponich, Melanie Beaton, Richard B. Kim Dec 2021

High Infliximab Trough Concentrations Are Associated With Sustained Histologic Remission In Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study, Aze Wilson, Bethany Choi, Michael Sey, Terry Ponich, Melanie Beaton, Richard B. Kim

Paediatrics Publications

Background: The threshold concentration of infliximab during maintenance therapy has not been well-defined in relation to histologic remission. The aim of the study is to dentify the maintenance-phase infliximab concentration associated with histologic remission in inflammatory bowel disease patients (IBD). Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out in 104 IBD patients seen at a tertiary care centre in London, Canada. Infliximab trough concentrations were collected during the maintenance phase of treatment and compared between participants with and without evidence of histologic remission. Participants were additionally evaluated for sustained histologic remission, and relapse to active disease. Results: Participants in histologic …

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How High? Trends In Cannabis Use Prior To First Admission To Inpatient Psychiatry In Ontario, Canada, Between 2007 And 2017, Taylor Mcguckin, Mark A. Ferro, David Hammond, Shannon Stewart, Bridget Maloney-Hall, Nawaf Madi, Amy Porath, Christopher M. Perlman Dec 2021

How High? Trends In Cannabis Use Prior To First Admission To Inpatient Psychiatry In Ontario, Canada, Between 2007 And 2017, Taylor Mcguckin, Mark A. Ferro, David Hammond, Shannon Stewart, Bridget Maloney-Hall, Nawaf Madi, Amy Porath, Christopher M. Perlman

Paediatrics Publications

Objectives: To examine the trends in cannabis use within 30 days of first admission to inpatient psychiatry in Ontario, Canada, between 2007 and 2017, and the characteristics of persons reporting cannabis use. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted for first-time admissions to nonforensic inpatient psychiatric beds in Ontario, Canada, between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2017, using data from the Ontario Mental Health Reporting System (N = 81,809). Results: Across all years, 20.1% of patients reported cannabis use within 30 days of first admission. Use increased from 16.7% in 2007 to 25.9% in 2017, and the proportion with …

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Incidental Findings From Cancer Next Generation Sequencing Panels, Nika Maani, Karen Panabaker, Jeanna M. Mccuaig, Kathleen Buckley, Kara Semotiuk, Kirsten M. Farncombe, Peter Ainsworth, Seema Panchal, Bekim Sadikovic, Susan Randall Armel, Hanxin Lin, Raymond H. Kim Dec 2021

Incidental Findings From Cancer Next Generation Sequencing Panels, Nika Maani, Karen Panabaker, Jeanna M. Mccuaig, Kathleen Buckley, Kara Semotiuk, Kirsten M. Farncombe, Peter Ainsworth, Seema Panchal, Bekim Sadikovic, Susan Randall Armel, Hanxin Lin, Raymond H. Kim

Paediatrics Publications

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have facilitated multi-gene panel (MGP) testing to detect germline DNA variants in hereditary cancer patients. This sensitive technique can uncover unexpected, non-germline incidental findings indicative of mosaicism, clonal hematopoiesis (CH), or hematologic malignancies. A retrospective chart review was conducted to identify cases of incidental findings from NGS-MGP testing. Inclusion criteria included: 1) multiple pathogenic variants in the same patient; 2) pathogenic variants at a low allele fraction; and/or 3) the presence of pathogenic variants not consistent with family history. Secondary tissue analysis, complete blood count (CBC) and medical record review were conducted to further delineate the …

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Lentivirus-Mediated Gene Therapy For Fabry Disease, Aneal Khan, Dwayne L. Barber, Ju Huang, C. Anthony Rupar, Jack W. Rip, Christiane Auray-Blais, Michel Boutin, Pamela O’Hoski, Kristy Gargulak, William M. Mckillop, Graeme Fraser, Syed Wasim, Kaye Lemoine, Shelly Jelinski, Ahsan Chaudhry, Nicole Prokopishyn, Chantal F. Morel, Stephen Couban, Peter R. Duggan, Daniel H. Fowler, Armand Keating, Michael L. West, Ronan Foley, Jeffrey A. Medin Dec 2021

Lentivirus-Mediated Gene Therapy For Fabry Disease, Aneal Khan, Dwayne L. Barber, Ju Huang, C. Anthony Rupar, Jack W. Rip, Christiane Auray-Blais, Michel Boutin, Pamela O’Hoski, Kristy Gargulak, William M. Mckillop, Graeme Fraser, Syed Wasim, Kaye Lemoine, Shelly Jelinski, Ahsan Chaudhry, Nicole Prokopishyn, Chantal F. Morel, Stephen Couban, Peter R. Duggan, Daniel H. Fowler, Armand Keating, Michael L. West, Ronan Foley, Jeffrey A. Medin

Paediatrics Publications

Enzyme and chaperone therapies are used to treat Fabry disease. Such treatments are expensive and require intrusive biweekly infusions; they are also not particularly efficacious. In this pilot, single-arm study (NCT02800070), five adult males with Type 1 (classical) phenotype Fabry disease were infused with autologous lentivirus-transduced, CD34+-selected, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells engineered to express alpha-galactosidase A (α-gal A). Safety and toxicity are the primary endpoints. The non-myeloablative preparative regimen consisted of intravenous melphalan. No serious adverse events (AEs) are attributable to the investigational product. All patients produced α-gal A to near normal levels within one week. Vector is detected in peripheral …

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Meta-Analyses Of Deflazacort Versus Prednisone/Prednisolone In Patients With Nonsense Mutation Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Perry B. Shieh, Gary Elfring, Panayiota Trifillis, Claudio Santos, Stuart W. Peltz, Julie A. Parsons, Susan Apkon, Basil T. Darras Dec 2021

Meta-Analyses Of Deflazacort Versus Prednisone/Prednisolone In Patients With Nonsense Mutation Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Perry B. Shieh, Gary Elfring, Panayiota Trifillis, Claudio Santos, Stuart W. Peltz, Julie A. Parsons, Susan Apkon, Basil T. Darras

Paediatrics Publications

Aim: Compare efficacies of deflazacort and prednisone/prednisolone in providing clinically meaningful delays in loss of physical milestones in patients with nonsense mutation Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Materials & methods: Placebo data from Phase IIb (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00592553) and ACT DMD (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01826487) ataluren nonsense mutation Duchenne muscular dystrophy clinical trials were retrospectively combined in meta-analyses (intent-to-treat population; for change from baseline to week 48 in 6-min walk distance [6MWD] and timed function tests). Results: Significant improvements in change in 6-min walk distance with deflazacort versus prednisone/prednisolone (least-squares mean difference 39.54 m [95% CI: 13.799, 65.286; p = 0.0026]). Significant and …

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Ontology Of The Apelinergic System In Mouse Pancreas During Pregnancy And Relationship With Β-Cell Mass, Brenda Strutt, Sandra Szlapinski, Thineesha Gnaneswaran, Sarah Donegan, Jessica Hill, Jamie Bennett, David J. Hill Dec 2021

Ontology Of The Apelinergic System In Mouse Pancreas During Pregnancy And Relationship With Β-Cell Mass, Brenda Strutt, Sandra Szlapinski, Thineesha Gnaneswaran, Sarah Donegan, Jessica Hill, Jamie Bennett, David J. Hill

Paediatrics Publications

The apelin receptor (Aplnr) and its ligands, Apelin and Apela, contribute to metabolic control. The insulin resistance associated with pregnancy is accommodated by an expansion of pancreatic β-cell mass (BCM) and increased insulin secretion, involving the proliferation of insulin-expressing, glucose transporter 2-low (Ins+Glut2LO) progenitor cells. We examined changes in the apelinergic system during normal mouse pregnancy and in pregnancies complicated by glucose intolerance with reduced BCM. Expression of Aplnr, Apelin and Apela was quantified in Ins+Glut2LO cells isolated from mouse pancreata and found to be significantly higher than in mature β-cells by DNA microarray and qPCR. Apelin was localized to …

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Osteoporotic Fractures And Vertebral Body Reshaping In Children With Glucocorticoid-Treated Rheumatic Disorders, Leanne M. Ward, Jinhui Ma, Marie Eve Robinson, Maya Scharke, Josephine Ho, Kristin Houghton, Adam Huber, Rosie Scuccimarri, Julie Barsalou, Johannes Roth, Nazih Shenouda, Mary Ann Matzinger, Brian Lentle, Jacob L. Jaremko, Khaldoun Koujok, Karen Watanabe Duffy, Robert Stein, Anne Marie Sbrocchi, Celia Rodd, Paivi M. Miettunen, Claire M.A. Leblanc, Maggie Larche, Roman Jurencak, Elizabeth A. Cummings, Robert Couch, David A. Cabral Dec 2021

Osteoporotic Fractures And Vertebral Body Reshaping In Children With Glucocorticoid-Treated Rheumatic Disorders, Leanne M. Ward, Jinhui Ma, Marie Eve Robinson, Maya Scharke, Josephine Ho, Kristin Houghton, Adam Huber, Rosie Scuccimarri, Julie Barsalou, Johannes Roth, Nazih Shenouda, Mary Ann Matzinger, Brian Lentle, Jacob L. Jaremko, Khaldoun Koujok, Karen Watanabe Duffy, Robert Stein, Anne Marie Sbrocchi, Celia Rodd, Paivi M. Miettunen, Claire M.A. Leblanc, Maggie Larche, Roman Jurencak, Elizabeth A. Cummings, Robert Couch, David A. Cabral

Paediatrics Publications

Context: Osteoporotic fractures are an important cause of morbidity in children with glucocorticoid-treated rheumatic disorders. Objective: This work aims to evaluate the incidence and predictors of osteoporotic fractures and potential for recovery over six years following glucocorticoid (GC) initiation in children with rheumatic disorders. Methods: Children with GC-treated rheumatic disorders were evaluated through a prospective inception cohort study led by the Canadian STeroid-induced Osteoporosis in the Pediatric Population (STOPP) Consortium. Clinical outcomes included lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS BMD), vertebral fractures (VF), non-VF, and vertebral body reshaping. Results: A total of 136 children with GC-treated rheumatic disorders were enrolled …

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Parents’ Report Of Canadian Elementary School Children’S Physical Activity And Screen Time During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study, Emma Ostermeier, Patricia Tucker, Andrew Clark, Jamie A. Seabrook, Jason Gilliland Dec 2021

Parents’ Report Of Canadian Elementary School Children’S Physical Activity And Screen Time During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study, Emma Ostermeier, Patricia Tucker, Andrew Clark, Jamie A. Seabrook, Jason Gilliland

Paediatrics Publications

COVID-19 public health protocols have altered children’s daily routines, limiting their physical activity opportunities. The purpose of this study was to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected children’s (ages 10–12 years) physical activity and screen time, and to explore the impact of gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and public health constraints (i.e., facility use and social interaction) on the changes in children’s health behaviors. Online surveys were disseminated to parents at two time points: before COVID-19 (May 2019 to February 2020) and during COVID-19 (November to December 2020). Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to assess changes in physical activity and screen …

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Rapid Standardized Operating Rooms (Rapstor) In Thyroid And Parathyroid Surgery, Hannah Ernst, Leigh Sowerby, Axel Sahovaler, Danielle Macneil, Anthony Nichols, John Yoo, Richard Hilsden, Julie Strychowsky, Kevin Fung Dec 2021

Rapid Standardized Operating Rooms (Rapstor) In Thyroid And Parathyroid Surgery, Hannah Ernst, Leigh Sowerby, Axel Sahovaler, Danielle Macneil, Anthony Nichols, John Yoo, Richard Hilsden, Julie Strychowsky, Kevin Fung

Paediatrics Publications

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a high efficiency rapid standardized OR (RAPSTOR) for hemithyroid/parathyroid surgery using standardized equipment sets (SES) and consecutive case scheduling (CCS) on turnover times (TOT), average case volumes, patient outcomes, hospital costs and OR efficiency/stress. Methods: Patients requiring hemithyroidectomy (primary or completion) or unilateral parathyroidectomy in a single surgeon’s practice were scheduled consecutively with SES. Retrospective control groups were classified as sequential (CS) or non-sequential (CNS). A survey regarding OR efficiency/stress was administered. Phenomenography and descriptive statistics were conducted for time points, cost and patient outcome variables. Hospital cost minimization analysis was performed. Results: The …

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Systematic Scoping Review Of Factors And Measures Of Rurality: Toward The Development Of A Rurality Index For Health Care Research In Japan, Makoto Kaneko, Ryuichi Ohta, Evelyn Vingilis, Maria Mathews, Thomas Robert Freeman Dec 2021

Systematic Scoping Review Of Factors And Measures Of Rurality: Toward The Development Of A Rurality Index For Health Care Research In Japan, Makoto Kaneko, Ryuichi Ohta, Evelyn Vingilis, Maria Mathews, Thomas Robert Freeman

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Rural-urban health care disparities are an important topic in health services research. Hence, developing valid and reliable tools to measure rurality is needed to support high quality research. However, Japan, has no index to measure rurality for health care research. In this study, we conducted a systematic scoping review to identify the important factors and methodological approaches to consider in a rurality index to inform the development of a rurality index for Japan. Methods: For our review, we searched six bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHIL, ERIC, Web of Science and the Grey Literature Report) and official websites of national …

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The Differential Effect Of First-Time Single-Point Cane Use Between Healthy Young And Older Adults, Humberto Omana, Edward Madou, Alison Divine, Walter Wittich, Keith D. Hill, Andrew M. Johnson, Jeffrey D. Holmes, Susan W. Hunter, Mottola Dec 2021

The Differential Effect Of First-Time Single-Point Cane Use Between Healthy Young And Older Adults, Humberto Omana, Edward Madou, Alison Divine, Walter Wittich, Keith D. Hill, Andrew M. Johnson, Jeffrey D. Holmes, Susan W. Hunter, Mottola

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Walking aids are often introduced to older adults to enable independent mobility. Single-point canes are the most common device used. Benefits are tempered by research suggesting that walking aids increase fall risk. A better understanding of the effect of walking aid use on gait performance is required. Objective: To evaluate differences in the effect of initial single-point cane use on gait between younger (YAs) and older adults (OAs). Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Community-dwelling. Participants: Twenty-six YAs (mean age ± standard deviation [SD]: 23.7 ± 2.8 years) and 25 OAs (mean age ± SD: 70.8 ± 14.1 years) participated. Inclusion criteria …

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Enacting Contextually Responsive Scholarship: Centring Occupation In Participatory Action Research With Children In India, Tanya Elizabeth Benjamin-Thomas, Debbie Laliberte Rudman, David Mark Thomas Dec 2021

Enacting Contextually Responsive Scholarship: Centring Occupation In Participatory Action Research With Children In India, Tanya Elizabeth Benjamin-Thomas, Debbie Laliberte Rudman, David Mark Thomas

Occupational Therapy Publications

Occupation-based scholars are striving to mobilize socially responsive scholarship to address occupational injustices from local to global scales. Moving forward involves expanding beyond Western, Anglophonic, female, able-bodied, adult perspectives on occupation, with critically informed participatory methodologies providing one key means to incorporate diverse perspectives on occupation and occupational justice. Drawing upon a participatory action research project with children with disabilities from rural South India, this paper puts forward an understanding of participatory action research as an occupational process (i.e., embodying a variety of occupations) and an occupation-based process (i.e., informed by an occupational lens). We forefront how ‘occupation’ was centered …

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Questioning Walls Of The Heart_World Aids Day 2021, Lei Qi Phd Candidate, Microbiology And Immunology Department Dec 2021

Questioning Walls Of The Heart_World Aids Day 2021, Lei Qi Phd Candidate, Microbiology And Immunology Department

Global Health Equity blog posts

Over 70 million people have been infected with HIV worldwide, leading to approximately 33 million deaths as of 2020 according to the United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS("The Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic," 2020). Despite anti-viral treatment suppressing viral loads and greatly reducing HIV-related deaths, mortality remains at ~800 thousand and new infections at 1.8 million per year with no effective HIV vaccine("Global HIV & AIDS statistics," 2020-2021; "The Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic," 2020). Although the world has made significant progress, global targets for 2020 were not achieved. Division, disparity and disregard for human rights are among the failures that allowed HIV to become …

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