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Effect Of Subcritical Treatment (Tempering) On Hardness And Wear Of High Chromium White Cast Iron, Sahraoui Aissat, Ali Safa

Engineering and Technology Journal

High chromium white cast iron (HCWCI) is used in mining, crushing plants, as mill liners, and in the manufacture of grinding balls. The grinding ball is the essential element in fine fragmentation. It must have an excellent life to counter extreme wear and impact conditions that it undergoes. Hence it is important to improve its mechanical properties. This study aims to find the effect of tempering temperature on microstructure, hardness, and abrasive wear of High Chromium White Cast Iron used in the manufacture of grinding balls. In this study, the balls in high chromium white cast iron with 12 to …

Fabrication Of Silver Nanoparticles In Aqueous Solution By Laser Technique And Study Of Their Hemocompatibility And Antibacterial Effects Against Dental Decay Bacteria, Ruaa Abbas, Azhar Haleem, Abdulhadi Judran

Engineering and Technology Journal

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were prepared by laser ablation of a silver bulk immersed in cetrimonium bromide (CTAB). The immersed sheet was focused by a pulsed Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm, 600 mJ at room temperature, a pulse duration of 10 ns, and a repetition rate of 5 Hz. The Ag NPs suspension was analyzed using UV–Vis spectroscopy, zeta potential (ZP), the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The peak at 425 nm was observed in the absorption spectrum of Ag NPs colloidal solution.Ag NPs' colloidal results are …

The Photo-Oxidation Of Co From Ambient Air Using Catalytic Asphaltic Pavement, Seba Mohammed, Zainab Shnain, Mohammad Abid, Asawer Alwasiti, Kadhim Abed, Mohammed Mohammed, Zainab Hameed, Sajda Faris, Peter Philib

Engineering and Technology Journal

Road transportation in urban areas may be considered a major source of environmental pollution. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the oxidation of carbon dioxide gas emitted by an internal combustion engine. This is achieved using an asphaltic pavement coated with Cu/TiO2 nanoparticles by spraying and irradiating with white light under ambient conditions to reduce the air pollution problem (carbon monoxide) caused by vehicles. Using electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, we determined the physicochemical and morphological characteristics of the photocatalyst. Following the characterization study, the photo-catalytic activity of the asphalt …

A Review On The Separation Of Volatile Organic Compounds From Wastewater By Pervaporation Processes, Salam Hussein, Salah Ibrahim, Adel Zrelli, Alberto Figoli, Adnan Alhathal Alanezi, Qusay Alsalhy

Engineering and Technology Journal

The pervaporation process (PV) is one of the membrane separation methods. This process is characterized by low cost, ease of installation, no chemicals added, and work at medium temperatures. The pervaporation process is part of a chain of water treatment processes and has high efficiency in removing pollutants, drying processes, and others. The present review paper would be reviewed the related articles to show the efficiency of the separation of the solution by the pervaporation process by focusing on research that deals with the separation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from water such as benzene and toluene. Benzene compound was …

Clathrate-Based Recovery Of Sulfuric Acid From Spent A Cid, Najlaa Lazim, Riyadh Almukhtar

Engineering and Technology Journal

Recently, the applications of hydrate phenomena in industrial processes have been increasing. A clathrate or hydrate is a solid, ice-like compound that forms when water/guest is mixed under certain conditions. Hydrogen water molecules bond with the guest molecules to form a crystal lattice. Different guests can form the Clathrate (e.g., gases or liquids). Dilute Sulfuric acid is usually generated at different industrial plants, and these dilute acids are considered waste because they cannot be reused again. Many treatment processes handle this environmental problem, like electrochemistry, precipitation, adsorption, membrane filtration, and ion exchange. Although such processes have significant operational advantages, their …

Applications Of Helical Versus Straight Hollow Fiber Membranes: A Review, Adel Zrelli, Jamila Debaya, Abdoulaye Doucoure, Bechir Chaouachi

Engineering and Technology Journal

The production of straight and helical hollow fibers plays an important role in developing hollow fiber membrane technology that encompasses a broad range of designs. During the last two decades, scientific studies devoted to straight hollow fibers were more abundant than those focused on helical fibers. Several major applications considering side-by-side testing of these two geometries are discussed in this review. For membrane extraction, desalination, and membrane contactor processes, it is observed that permeability rates are 10%-400 % higher for helical fibers compared to straight fibers. This outcome is justified by the presence of Dean-vortices-induced flow turbulences inherent to the …

Optimization Of Curing Process For Production Of Jatropha Oil Bio-Based Resin Decorated With Nano-Al2o3 And Mechanical Characterization, Agita Setiawan, Zurina Abidin, Farah Ezzah Ab Latif, Khalina Abdan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Concerns on the environment, health and safety issues posed by synthetic resins has amplified numerous efforts of producing resin from various renewable sources. The use of plant oil as potential source of resin has attracted interest from various researchers. Jatropha Oil is a competitive source to petroleum counterparts due to its availability, biodegradability, low eco-toxicity but exhibit poor mechanical properties among many. The objective of this study is to study the effect of adding nanoparticles as reinforcing fillers to bio-based resin from Epoxidized crude Jatropha Oil (ECJO) to improve its mechanical performance. Various loadings of 0% to 4% of Al2O3 …

Erinnerung Und Gedanke, Otto Bismarck

Hannah Arendt Marginalia - All

Call#: DD218 .A14 1921

Stuttgart ; Berlin : J.G. Cotta'sche Buchhandlung Nachfolger, 1921.

Contains marginal lining

PDF Information: 16 pages - 6.5MB

A Survey On Microstrip Single/Multiband Bandpass Filter For 5g Applications, Halah I. Khani, Ahmed S. Ezzulddin

Engineering and Technology Journal

For a long time, extensive research on microstrip bandpass filters has been documented to meet the standards of modern multiservice wireless communication systems. The multiband bandpass filters (BPF) are required for the receiver front end to function as a single device that caters to many bands at the same time. Planar bandpass filters are particularly promising because of their simplicity of manufacture using printed circuit technology, compactness, and low integration cost. Due to the need for high integration, low cost, and high-speed data transmission, the design and implementation of filters for fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems is difficult. This paper …

Artificial Neural Network-Based Transmission Power Control For Underwater Wireless Optical Communication System, Omar Mohammed Salim, Salah Adnan, Ammar Mutlag

Engineering and Technology Journal

Several scientists have proposed using an underwater wireless optical communication system (UWOC) to deliver high-speed data services using the abundant optical spectrum. However, wireless optical signal propagation faces an antagonistic environment when using undersea channels due to various factors like scattering, absorption, turbulence, and optical link misalignment between the transmitter and the receiver. These factors will attenuate the optical signal and lead to degrading system performance. To reduce these factors impact on the communication system's performance, transmitted optical power (OTP) should be increased. Since the UWOC system is battery-powered, increasing OTP will consume more electrical power. Therefore, it is necessary …

Design Of Optimal Pid Controller For Electric Vehicle Based On Particle Swarm And Multi-Verse Optimization Algorithms, Arkan Jassim, Ekhlas Karam, Mohammed E. Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

The automotive industry is moving toward more environmentally friendly automobiles with greater range and performance than traditional vehicles as the effects of global warming worsen. Because of the positive impact, electric vehicles can have on reducing harmful emissions from the transportation sector, scientists have grown increasingly interested in the possibility of analyzing and simulating electric vehicles. In this study, we develop a non-linear dynamic concept of an electric vehicle by fusing kinetic and electrical components. Then we create a proportional Integral derivative (PID) controller to help it stay on course. To obtain optimal parameters for this controller by minimizing the …

Sdr-Based Intelligent Cooperative Spectrum Sensing For Cognitive Radio Systems, Ali Radhi, Hanan Akkar, Hikmat Abdullah

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, the software and hardware of a software-defined radio (SDR) platform are used to implement and verify the blind real-time sensing act of intelligent collaborative spectrum sensing based on a new theoretical formula for constructing denoised mixed features named MSKU3 and paired with an unsupervised machine learning K-Medoids algorithm. Two low-cost RTL-SDR dongle hardware receivers are used as two cooperative unlicensed secondary users to capture the radio frequency of a licensed primary user channel. A host personal computer is used as a fusion center to run GNU-Radio software signal processing blocks to implement the developed method, and a …

DuréE Et SimultanéIté, À Propos De La ThéOrie D'Einstein,, Henri Bergson

Hannah Arendt Marginalia - All

Call#: BD638 .B4 1926

Paris, F. Alcan, 1926.

Contains notes on page before title page and marginal lining

PDF Information: 7 pages - 1.4MB

An Unbalance Three Phase Currents Detection Technique For Load Side Broken Conductor Fault In The Iraqi Distribution System, Ali Al-Baghdadi, Mohammed Abd, Firas Flaih

Engineering and Technology Journal

Electrical supply safety and quality represent targets that Iraqi power distribution companies always strive to meet. Load-side broken conductor fault LSBC is one of the greatest faults affecting both targets. Stand out since the magnitudes of the impact on the system are too small to activate the relevant system protection devices in Iraqi substation 33/11kV. Therefore, protection from LSBC faults has been one of the biggest challenges in the Iraqi electrical distribution system. In this context, the main aim of this article is to present a method for detecting LSBC faults by unbalanced three-phase currents faults measured in a 33/11kv …

Antenna Gain-Bandwidth Enhancements Using Crlh Hilbert Fractal-Based Structure, Marwa Ismail, Taha Elwi, A. Salim

Engineering and Technology Journal

With the development of communication systems, antennas of small size and high gain have become essential to keep up with the new challenges. The metamaterials made these challenges possible. In this paper, a new low-profile metamaterials-based array is designed. The array unit cell comprises a symmetric composite right left hand (CRLH) unit cell. A third-order Hilbert curve structure replaces the VIA, and aperiodic slots are introduced between the unit cells to enhance the overall performance. This design provides a significant improvement over the original design. CST MWS was used to stimulate the design. Gain and S11 are calculated to evaluate …

Design And Implement The Innovative Drugstore For Health Care Services Based On Health Mobile Applications And Advanced Iot, Yusur Al - Saffar, Sabah Gitaffa, Abbas H. Issa

Engineering and Technology Journal

The health care problems are errors in taking medication, improper storage of the medication, irregularly taking the medication on time, and not knowing the side effects of taking medication with different foods. This work aims to find an integrated system that works on informing people of the medicine they take, the exact dose of the medicine at all times, keeping the medicine from spoiling, alerting the patient to the side effects of the medicine, and creating tables for taking the history of taking medicines. This assists doctors when going to the hospital in emergency cases. The innovative drugstore is built …

Improved Design For The High Gain Wideband Matrix Amplifiers Using Differential Cells And Microwave Cmos Technology, Saeed Ridha, Azad Kareem, Ashwaq Hameed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The Matrix Amplifier is a structure designed to increase the gain of the wideband distributed amplifiers. A matrix amplifier is used to improve the pass-band gain while preserving the dispersed design-wide characteristics to use the multiplicative gain mechanism. In this paper, the matrix distributed amplifier methodology is developed using differential cells instead of active amplifier cells to improve the wideband characteristics. Shunt capacitances are connected in the centerline to absorb the peaking impact at a cut-off frequency and reduce gain ripples. As an application of the ideas and concepts of matrix amplifiers, a modified step-by-step design of rows 4 and …

Cnn-Based Visual Localization For Autonomous Vehicles Under Different Weather Conditions, Shahad Ghintab, Mohammed Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Autonomous vehicles (AV) are expected to improve, transform, and revolutionize ground transportation. Previous techniques are dependent on localization employing pricey inaccuracy Global Positioning sensor. Furthermore, the performance loss is caused by drifting errors of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping. Regarding categorizing and analyzing texture, cameras are much more accessible and practical. This work contributes to obtaining high accuracy for AV localization and reducing errors in predicted positions. Based on the light, accurate, and robust proposed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), it will scale down the computational complexity and shorten the training time. Considering various weather and time of day conditions such as …

A Modification Of Shortest Path Algorithm According To Adjustable Weights Based On Dijkstra Algorithm, Luay Jabbar, Eyad Abass, Sundus Hasan

Engineering and Technology Journal

It is possible to represent the road map on the paper and study it using Dijkstra`s algorithm to find the shortest path on the real earth. Dijkstra`s Algorithms are used for calculating the shortest path from source to sink to enable query operations that follow. Dynamic shortest-route techniques are needed to accommodate the modifications within the underlying community topology. Every solution includes figuring out the nodes whose shortest routes could be impacted through the updates and producing a list of affected vertices and their updated shortest pathways. In this work, the advent of the retroactive priority queue information structure makes …

Essais De Montaigne, Michel De Montaigne

Hannah Arendt Marginalia - All

Call#: PQ1642.E6 T44

Paris, La Pleiade, 1950.

Contains underlining and marginal lining

PDF Information: 17 pages - 4.5MB

Review On Virtual Inertia Control Topologies For Improving Frequency Stability Of Microgrid, Raof Idan, Ali Mahdi, Thamir Abdul Wahhab

Engineering and Technology Journal

Renewable energy sources (RESs), such as solar and wind power, offer new technologies for meeting the world's energy requirements. The distributed generator (DG) based on RESs has no rotational mass and damping effects compared to the traditional power system with synchronous generators (SG). However, the increasing penetration level of DG based on RESs causes low inertia, a dampening effect on the dynamic performance of the grid, and stability. A solution to improve the frequency stability of such a system is to provide virtual inertia by using virtual synchronous generators (VSG), which can be created by using short-term energy storage and …

Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Voltage Control For Lcl-Filter Grid-Connected Converter, Safa Olwie, Abdulrahim Humod, Fadhil Hasan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Inductance – Capacitance – Inductance (LCL) filter is a very attractive candidate for renewable energy system applications due to its high efficiency. High attenuation of the switching frequency harmonics, small size, low fee, and improving the overall harmonic distortion (THD). This paper presents how voltage is affected by increased loads or voltage sag. Therefore it is necessary to control it with certain controllers. The Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is used as an intelligent controller, the voltage constraint as training data for ANFIS obtained from PI. The filter works in a good connection between the inverter and the grid and …

Fault Detection And Fault Tolerant Control For Anti-Lock Braking Systems )Abs) Speed Sensors By Using Neural Networks, Ayad Abdulkareem, Abdulrahim Humod, Oday Ahmed

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper proposed neural networks to continuously provide alternative constructed signals for vehicle and wheel speed sensors utilized for the Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS), which serves as the fault tolerant control method. These alternative constructed signals are used for two purposes. The first is to generate residual signals, and the second is to be adopted instead of isolated faulty signals. The residual signal is generated by extracting the difference between the alternative constructed signals and the corresponding actual signals. These residual signals serve as an indication of fault occurrence and to express that fault severity. Whenever a fault occurrence is …

Performance Evaluation Of Integrated Antennas On Photovoltaic Solar Cells, Ahmed Al-Alawi, Said Al Gheilani, Ahmed Al-Zeidi, Mohammed Bait-Suwailam

Engineering and Technology Journal

The performance of antennas is critical to ensuring reliable wireless communication and robust data transmission. Unfortunately, antennas’ performance gets degraded when loaded with lossy materials. This paper presents the numerical and experimental evaluation of low-profile antennas’ performance when integrated with photovoltaic (PV) solar cells for potential use in smart grid and green power networks. Such integrated antennas can serve as a communication unit and sensors to monitor PV solar cells. For convenience, a microstrip patch antenna was used in this assessment study, where the antenna was designed, numerically simulated, and experimentally tested. After which, it was installed on top of …

A Modified Global Management Controller For A Grid-Connected Pv System With Battery Under Various Power Balance Modes, Diana Obaid, Ali Mahdi, Mohammed Alkafaji

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work presents an Energy Management System (EMS) constructed on dissimilar power balance modes and dynamic grid power to activate a DC-link microgrid with a solar (PV-array) generator and battery storage. In addition, the option of requesting adjustable power from the grid to encounter load demand is also presented.  Based on the availability of solar sources, battery state, and grid power, energy management offers the appropriate references for all modes. Six power balance options are defined based on power supply, storage system, and grid mobility to match the load requirement. The aims are to reduce energy usage and upsurge the …

Reliability Assessment Based On Optimal Dgs Planning In The Distribution Systems, Ali Jaleel, Mohammed Abd

Engineering and Technology Journal

Due to increased load demands, distribution systems suffer from high power losses, low voltage levels, high current, and low reliability. To solve these problems, integrate distributed generator units (DG) into the distribution system. DG units are among the most popular methods of improving distribution system reliability, power losses, and bus voltage improvement through the placement and selection of distributed generator units in an optimal location and size. This work proposed Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO) technology to find the optimum location and size of DG units to reduce power losses, improve bus voltage level, and employed the Transient Electricity Analyzer …

The Structural And Optical Investigation Of Grown Gan Film On Porous Silicon Substrate Prepared By Pld, Haneen Jabar, Makram Fakhri, Mohammed Abdulrazzaq, Subash C. B. Gopinath

Engineering and Technology Journal

The optical properties of a grown gallium nitride (GaN) thin film on a porous silicon (P-Si) substrate was investigated. A Photo-electrochemical etching method was used to synthesize the Psi substrate, and a physical deposition method (pulsed laser deposition) of 1064 nm Q-switch Nd: YAG laser with a vacuum of 10−2 mbar was used to grow a thin layer of GaN on a prepared P-Si substrate. X-Ray diffraction displayed that GaN film has a high crystalline nature at the (002) plane. The photoluminescence of GaN film exhibited ultraviolet PL with a peak wavelength of 374 nm corresponding to GaN material and …

Gaussian Process For Gps Receiver Predictor And Ins Gps Integration, Nawras Ahmed, Sameir Aziez, Ali Khenyab

Engineering and Technology Journal

Global Positioning System (GPS) has become important and necessary in daily life.  It is possible to reach any destination using GPS, which is included in many lands and marine applications.  In this work, GPS was applied to a real navigation boat, integrated with the inertial navigation system (INS) device, and installed on the boat. The navigational devices were linked to the (mission planer) program, through which the results of the navigation process were shown. The system can provide better navigation performance accuracy and reliability due to the integration between GPS and INS. The data extracted from the navigation devices are …

Effect Of Copper Foam Baffles On Thermal Hydraulic Performance For Staggered Arrangement In A Duct, Karrar Fadhala, Ekhlas Fayyadh, Ali Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Metal foam is a novel material recently utilized in baffles as an alternative to solid baffles for reducing flow resistance. However, copper foam baffles have been suggested in this research to overcome this issue. So, the experimental tests were carried out in a manufactured square channel (250 mm x 250 mm) and heated uniformly at the bottom wall of the test section.Its walls are mounted copper foam baffles at a fixed porosity of 95%.Baffles were fixed alternatively on the top and bottom of the walls in staggered mode between two successive baffles (center to center) and were kept constant at …

The Effect Of Eichhornia Crassipes Biodiesel/Lpg Dual-Fuel On Performance And Emissions In A Single-Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine, Hawraa Mohammed, Mahmoud Mashkour

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study investigates the effects of Eichhornia Crassipes Biodiesel (ECB) with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) dual-fuel on diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions characteristics. A four-stroke, single-cylinder and water-cooled diesel engine was used. The engine was operated with pure Iraqi diesel (PID) as a reference fuel, 40% ECB-60% PID, and duel fuel mode (DFM) (40% ECB-60% PID-2.4 l/min LPG). The experimental testing was carried out at 1500 rpm constant engine speed, compression ratio 18, and time injection 23° bTDC under various load conditions (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) full load. Using a gas analyzer, the engine emissions, including carbon dioxide …