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Articles 710341 - 710370 of 5172481
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Findings And Understandings Of 'Home': An Ethnographic Study Of How Homeless People And Displaced Persons Negotiate The Word 'Home'., Abby F Perez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation is an ethnographic study of various meanings of the word ‘home’ and how the word ‘home’ is used by homeless, evicted, and displaced persons, and by the researcher of the study, to negotiate boundaries and relations of power to achieve goals, both moral and material.Scholarly research on home in urban studies and sociology has produced many definitions and meanings of the word ‘home’ and concepts of home, but often neglects to consider the way the word itself is experienced, personally, by individuals and how to make sense of the way these personal experiences relate to official meanings of …
Finding The Silver Lining: The Role Of Affect And Adversity In Entrepreneurial Venturing., Lauren A. Zettel
Finding The Silver Lining: The Role Of Affect And Adversity In Entrepreneurial Venturing., Lauren A. Zettel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Motivated goal pursuit is a foundational concept in entrepreneurial venturing. Entrepreneurs set goals for their ventures, and their persistence in pursuing these goals ultimately impacts the success of their venture. Many of the explanations of motivation in goal pursuit have focused on the benefits of steady progress and positive emotions. However, entrepreneurs inevitably face adversity and setbacks which, in turn, beget negative emotions. It is yet unclear what role adversity and the ensuing negative emotions may have in motivating entrepreneurs. In order to extend our theoretical understanding of affect and adversity in entrepreneurial venturing, this dissertation draws on the existing …
Western Christianity And The Origins Of Antiblackness, Eurocentrism, And White Supremacist Ideology., John Chenault
Western Christianity And The Origins Of Antiblackness, Eurocentrism, And White Supremacist Ideology., John Chenault
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This qualitative study investigates the cult(ural) and intellectual history of Western Christianity to address a significant gap in the literature pertaining to the origins of whiteness/antiblackness in the West and its subsequent socialization worldwide. Western Christianity’s seminal role in the social construction of the whiteness/antiblackness dichotomy has been undertheorized, neglected, and ignored. This study finds early Christian theologians categorically imposed conceptual metaphors about Blackness on African people that depicted them as the exemplars of evil to teach Christian doctrine about sin and salvation. It connects these original antiblack discourses directly to the theo-political arguments Western European Christians used centuries later …
Understanding Public Emergency Preparedness Before And During The Coronavirus Outbreak: Implications For Effective Public Health And Risk Communication., Raphael Adjetey Fumey
Understanding Public Emergency Preparedness Before And During The Coronavirus Outbreak: Implications For Effective Public Health And Risk Communication., Raphael Adjetey Fumey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a dramatic loss of human lives globally and presents an unprecedented challenge to public health, the world of work, and our food systems. The social and economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic is devastating, putting several millions of people at risk of falling into extreme poverty, with over 500 million people being undernourished. It is evident from the data on COVID-19 cases, deaths, and hospitalizations that the United States is the worse hit country, which can be attributed to the lack of preparedness at the individual, environmental, and government levels. This study applied …
Protest-Related Tear Gas Exposure And Menstrual Function, Emily Kathleen (Steinmetz) Reece
Protest-Related Tear Gas Exposure And Menstrual Function, Emily Kathleen (Steinmetz) Reece
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
During the racial justice protests of 2020 and 2021, crowd control chemical irritants (referred to as “tear gas”) were deployed against protesters, after which there were anecdotal reports of altered menstrual cycles among exposed individuals. There is only one peer reviewed published study on tear gas exposure and menstrual health. This study examined whether tear gas exposure was associated with menstrual cycle outcomes among women attending the 2020-2021 protests. Data from 103 women who attended racial justice protests in 2020 and 2021 were collected through an online questionnaire. Data included protest attendance, acute symptoms of tear gas exposure, whether medical …
Person-Centered Decision-Making And Socio-Cultural Contexts Influencing Cesarean Deliveries: A National Analysis., Alice M. Story
Person-Centered Decision-Making And Socio-Cultural Contexts Influencing Cesarean Deliveries: A National Analysis., Alice M. Story
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The cesarean delivery rate has increased and accounts for a third of pregnancies in the U.S., especially among marginalized women. This study applied a newly developed conceptual model to identify potential areas of influence that could reduce rates of cesarean deliveries. The Giving Voice to Mothers - United States data was used for analyses to predict covariates associated with having a cesarean delivery vs. spontaneous vaginal delivery (n=1,876). Significant covariates were determined and included the following: having a prior cesarean delivery (OR: 14.11, 95% CI: 7.99 - 24.90); more than one child (OR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.13 - 0.35); elevated …
Determinants Of Caregiver Burden Among Informal Caregivers Looking After Older Adults With Alzheimer's Disease In Saudi Arabia., Sultan Ali Shubair
Determinants Of Caregiver Burden Among Informal Caregivers Looking After Older Adults With Alzheimer's Disease In Saudi Arabia., Sultan Ali Shubair
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Caregiver burden in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a significant factor in the deterioration of caregivers’ physical and mental health. Moreover, increased caregiver burden has been associated with the decline in quality of life and the reduced quality of care for the care recipient. However, the level of caregiver burden perceived by informal caregivers of care recipients with AD can be varied with the impact of different factors related to the caregiver, care recipient, and caregiving process. Identifying factors associated with caregiver burden and exploring factors that account for variation in caregiver burden are vital to prevent adverse outcomes of caregiver …
“I Think It's Male Privilege”: A Qualitative Study Of Personal, Behavioral, And Socio-Environmental Factors Influencing High Risk Sexual Behavior And Hiv Transmission Among Heterosexual Adult Males In Ghana., Nana Ama Aya Erzuah Bullock
“I Think It's Male Privilege”: A Qualitative Study Of Personal, Behavioral, And Socio-Environmental Factors Influencing High Risk Sexual Behavior And Hiv Transmission Among Heterosexual Adult Males In Ghana., Nana Ama Aya Erzuah Bullock
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
There are roughly 340,000 adults and children living with HIV. Despite the progress in the global response and the lowing of infections, HIV rates in Ghana remain stable. Cultural and societal norms that exist at a given time and place influence masculine socialization and behavior. These norms promote heterosexual men’s engagement in high-risk sexual behaviors which result in HIV infections. Factors such as HIV knowledge, risk perception, male condom use, HIV testing, and counseling which minimize the risk of HIV, are also influenced by these norms. Men have been identified as assets and advocates for behavior change and social responsibility …
The Underbelly Of Residential Segregation, Bussing To Integrate And The Educational Ramifications: A Case Study Of Louisville Kentucky., Camara Douglas
The Underbelly Of Residential Segregation, Bussing To Integrate And The Educational Ramifications: A Case Study Of Louisville Kentucky., Camara Douglas
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Integration of the American public school system is often examined to figure out if integration worked. This dissertation examined busing to integrate into Louisville, Kentucky. Busing to integrate in Louisville, Kentucky, took place during that 1975-1976 school year. Louisville’s case is somewhat different. Not only did they finally follow federal mandates to integrate, they had to mix two totally separate school systems, one for the county (White) and one from the city (African American). The objectives are: (1) what were the experiences and perceptions of African American students in high school who lived in the West Louisville hyper-segregated neighborhoods and …
A Modeling Platform To Predict Cancer Survival And Therapy Outcomes Using Tumor Tissue Derived Metabolomics Data., Hunter Allan Miller
A Modeling Platform To Predict Cancer Survival And Therapy Outcomes Using Tumor Tissue Derived Metabolomics Data., Hunter Allan Miller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cancer is a complex and broad disease that is challenging to treat, partially due to the vast molecular heterogeneity among patients even within the same subtype. Currently, no reliable method exists to determine which potential first-line therapy would be most effective for a specific patient, as randomized clinical trials have concluded that no single regimen may be significantly more effective than others. One ongoing challenge in the field of oncology is the search for personalization of cancer treatment based on patient data. With an interdisciplinary approach, we show that tumor-tissue derived metabolomics data is capable of predicting clinical response to …
Mission Drift And The Effectiveness Of Resource Dependence Theory In An Internally Resource-Constrained Environment., Kirsten Bullock
Mission Drift And The Effectiveness Of Resource Dependence Theory In An Internally Resource-Constrained Environment., Kirsten Bullock
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Why are some organizations able to maintain focus on their mission while others founder? This theoretical and empirical dissertation examines the relationships among funding sources, management practices, and organizational stigma within an internally resource-constrained environment. Using Resource Dependence Theory (RDT) as a basis to manage external resource dependencies, I build a theoretical model and empirically test a research model to understand how funding source affects mission drift, how management practices might help organizations manage that drift, and what effect organizational stigma might have on those relationships within an environment of internal resource constraints. Specifically, this study hypothesizes that nonprofits that …
The Roles Of Pon2 In Mitochondrial Physiology, Lung Tumor Cell Proliferation, And Lung Tumorigenesis., Aaron Whitt
The Roles Of Pon2 In Mitochondrial Physiology, Lung Tumor Cell Proliferation, And Lung Tumorigenesis., Aaron Whitt
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Paraoxonase 2 (PON2) is an intracellular, multifunctional enzyme with near-ubiquitous tissue distribution. Within cells, PON2 is localized to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it mitigates the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). PON2’s chief enzymatic function is its lactonase activity, through which it catalyzes the hydrolysis of a bacterial quorum-sensing molecule, N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (C12), effectively disrupting bacterial intercellular communication and protecting against infection. C12 is produced by the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and has been shown to disrupt various aspects of eukaryotic host cell physiology and evoke apoptotic cell death through the activity of PON2. Additionally, PON2 has garnered …
As Above, So Below: Magical Poetics And Queer Alchemy & A Planetary Spell.., Robert Eric Shoemaker
As Above, So Below: Magical Poetics And Queer Alchemy & A Planetary Spell.., Robert Eric Shoemaker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
"Words have power": no more obvious statement has perhaps ever been made in an essay. However, the nature of that power is quite complicated, with a long and contentious history. I think of poetry as magic. Poetry is magical in the sense that it has ineffable qualities to it that enable readers to experience new thoughts and feelings when experiencing poetry, but when I say magic I mean that I think of poetry as actual, practical magic. As I will argue, poetry has magical qualities to it regardless of who is weaving the words, while intentional use of a self-aware …
Development And Novel Applications Of Halogenating Agents., Sagar Ravso Mudshinge
Development And Novel Applications Of Halogenating Agents., Sagar Ravso Mudshinge
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organic halides are extensively utilized as synthetic intermediates in areas such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and material polymers. While many halogenating agents have been developed, they continue to have low efficiency or selectivity, are difficult to handle, and often have limited substrate scope. To address this issue, our laboratory has developed novel halogenating agents with improved stability and efficiency. In these studies, we demonstrated a novel application of halogenating reagent, HCl·DMPU, in the nitrile synthesis. We developed a novel method for C−SCF3/SeCF3 cross-coupling reactions using gold redox catalysis. We developed a novel trifluoromethylating agent in a cost-effective and …
Nucleate Boiling Under Different Gravity Values: Numerical Simulations & Data-Driven Techniques., Sandipan Banerjee
Nucleate Boiling Under Different Gravity Values: Numerical Simulations & Data-Driven Techniques., Sandipan Banerjee
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Nucleate boiling is important in nuclear applications and cooling applications under earth gravity conditions. Under reduced gravity or microgravity environment, it is significant too, especially in space exploration applications. Although multiple studies have been performed on nucleate boiling, the effect of gravity on nucleate boiling is not well understood. This dissertation primarily deals with numerical simulations of nucleate boiling using an adaptive Moment-of-Fluid (MoF) method for a single vapor bubble (water vapor or Perfluoro-n-hexane) in saturated liquid for different gravity levels. Results concerning the growth rate of the bubble, specifically the departure diameter and departure time have been provided. The …
The Role Of Accuracy In Children’S Judgments Of Experts’ Knowledge., Allison J. Williams
The Role Of Accuracy In Children’S Judgments Of Experts’ Knowledge., Allison J. Williams
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Children prefer to trust people with expertise and people who are accurate. Because experts make mistakes and give incorrect information (e.g., predictions and diagnoses), this dissertation explores children’s judgments of knowledge for experts who provide inaccurate information. Across two studies, 6- to 9-years-olds (N = 160) were introduced to two experts in different domains (doctor and mechanic) and rated how much each expert knows about their relevant domain. Then, over four consecutive trials, participants heard one expert give inaccurate answers to easy questions in their domain. After each trial, children explained why they believed the expert gave inaccurate answers …
Definitions And Depictions Of Rhetorical Practice In Medieval English Fürstenspiegel., Joseph Ethan Blaine Sharp
Definitions And Depictions Of Rhetorical Practice In Medieval English Fürstenspiegel., Joseph Ethan Blaine Sharp
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation examines how medieval authors defined rhetoric and depicted rhetorical practice in medieval English Fürstenspiegel. It begins by analyzing how the field of medieval rhetorical historiography has overlooked the Fürstenspiegel as a rhetorical genre due to its overt reliance on meta-rhetorical handbook genres as the objects of its analysis. This dissertation challenges traditional narratives that positions medieval rhetoric as a primarily academic discipline divorced from political practice by engaging in horizontal reading practices that examine the broader culture of medieval rhetorical practice alongside the definitions of rhetoric found in medieval English Fürstenspiegel. In so doing, this dissertation …
Sustainable Nanocatalysis In Water For C–C And C–N Cross-Couplings., Tharique Ahammed Ansari Nalakath
Sustainable Nanocatalysis In Water For C–C And C–N Cross-Couplings., Tharique Ahammed Ansari Nalakath
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The development and application of various micelle-enabled nanopalladium-catalyzed organic transformations are discussed in this dissertation. These methodologies primarily harness the “micellar effect” imparted by the custom-designed amphiphile PS-750-M. Modern spectroscopic and imaging techniques were employed to systematically study the metal-micelle interactions and answer the fundamental questions regarding the operational nature of micellar catalysis. Chapter 1 reviews the history and evolution of organic synthesis, providing a critical outlook regarding the alarming inefficiency of contemporary synthetic practices indicating an inevitable transition to more sustainable synthetic techniques. In this context, the development of micellar catalysis is discussed, emphasizing its basic principles, applications, and …
The Role Of Obesity In Macrophage-Mediated Mechanisms Promoting Early-Onset Colon Cancer., Katharina Marietta Scheurlen
The Role Of Obesity In Macrophage-Mediated Mechanisms Promoting Early-Onset Colon Cancer., Katharina Marietta Scheurlen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Early-onset colon cancer (EOCC) is a leading cause of cancer death among people younger than 50 years of age in the United States and is associated with metabolic dysfunction and obesity. Anti-inflammatory tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and low Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ) gene expression in colon cancer (CC) tissue promote tumor progression and decreased patient survival. Obesity-related hormones, such as leptin and adiponectin, have the potential to affect gene expression in TAM to promote CC progression and thereby link obesity and EOCC. The aim of this project was to identify target genes in human CC and to investigate the …
Motivations Of Division I Student-Athletes To Participate In Strength And Conditioning Programs., Liza Reader
Motivations Of Division I Student-Athletes To Participate In Strength And Conditioning Programs., Liza Reader
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to understand the motivations of Division I collegiate athletes to participate in strength and conditioning programs as a part of their sports performance program. Specifically, this study examined what the motivations were and whether there were any differences between the athlete subpopulations of age group, gender, sport played, sport type, and injury status. In contrast to existing sport participation motivation research, this study focused on the participation of strength and conditioning as a part of sport participation, an area barren of motivational understanding and literature. This study utilized Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and Achievement Goal …
Fluid Structure Interactions Within A Common Rail Diesel Injector., Russell Prater
Fluid Structure Interactions Within A Common Rail Diesel Injector., Russell Prater
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The internal flow of a high-pressure diesel injector is simulated numerically to investigate the complex transient flow structures and the unsteady forces imparted to the injector needle that result from the asymmetric flow fields developed during operation. The gas-liquid two phase flow is simulated using a mixture model with the cavitation numerically modeled using the Zwart-Gerber-Belamri model. Both the k-ε model and the detached eddy simulation (DES) model are used, and the numerical results are compared. This dissertation looks at the internal flow of a generic injector at different lifts and characterizes the flow parameters at high lift and low …
The Exploratory Study Of Jefferson County Public Schools' Freshman Academies Of Louisville Model On Student Promotion, Attendance, And Sense Of Belonging., Andrew Lewis Thomas
The Exploratory Study Of Jefferson County Public Schools' Freshman Academies Of Louisville Model On Student Promotion, Attendance, And Sense Of Belonging., Andrew Lewis Thomas
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The middle school years are a pivotal time in a student’s life in which they deal with a range of issues, one of which is high school transition (Osler & Walden, 2012). McCallumore and Sparapani (2010) describe ninth grade as the critical year for completing high school. To facilitate the transition from middle to high school, freshman academies, a smaller learning community, seek to increase student promotion from ninth to tenth-grade, attendance, and sense of belonging through a myriad of interventions (Jefferson County Public Schools, 2018). There is a need to compare the student outcomes who attend traditional schools that …
Coping Flexibility And Academic Resilience Among Low-Ses College Students., Benjamin J. Calebs
Coping Flexibility And Academic Resilience Among Low-Ses College Students., Benjamin J. Calebs
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
College students coming from a background of poverty may experience academic impairment due to their experiences of chronic economic adversity. However, despite the stressors associated with poverty and the potential deleterious consequences of this form of adversity, many low-socioeconomic status (low-SES) college students show high academic achievement. One predictor of resilient outcomes that has been studied outside of academic contexts is coping flexibility, the ability to use a range of different coping behaviors to meet the demands of different stressful situations. Coping flexibility has been found to be positively associated with psychological adjustment in a variety of populations, yet it …
Materials And Interfaces For Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production And Utilization., Alexander Jiya Gupta
Materials And Interfaces For Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production And Utilization., Alexander Jiya Gupta
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mass industrialization over the last few centuries has created a global economy which is dependent upon fossil fuels to satisfy an exponentially increasing demand for energy. Aside from the possible depletion of this finite resource, the combustion of fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere which cause the global temperature to rise – a phenomenon which has already begun to create geologic and geopolitical instability and shows no signs of abatement. One proposed method to rid humanity of its dependence on fossil fuels is to use green hydrogen as an energy carrier. In this scheme, excess electricity from a …
The Experience Of Scanxiety In Survivors Of Pancreatic Cancer: A Phenomenological Study., Susan Winebrenner
The Experience Of Scanxiety In Survivors Of Pancreatic Cancer: A Phenomenological Study., Susan Winebrenner
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Surveillance scans can signify a crisis point in a cancer patient’s life, provoking fear and anxiety that negatively impact quality of life. Scan-related anxiety or scanxiety has been briefly discussed in the literature among lung cancer and lymphoma populations, but relatively few investigations have studied the psychological impact of routine surveillance scans during cancer survivorship. The purpose of this study was to illuminate the lived experience of scanxiety in survivors of pancreatic cancer who have undergone curative surgical resection. Hermeneutic phenomenology as applied by Heidegger provided the philosophical underpinnings for this study and van Manen’s methodological approach was used to …
Divided We Fall: Gender-Based Occupational Segregation In Kentucky’S Executive Branch 2012-2020., Hillary Mcgoodwin Abbott
Divided We Fall: Gender-Based Occupational Segregation In Kentucky’S Executive Branch 2012-2020., Hillary Mcgoodwin Abbott
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Fifty-eight years have passed since the Title VII of the Civil Rights Bill of 1964 was signed into law, yet discrimination in employment still occurs; the Kentucky Executive Branch is no exception. This paper will use Theodore Lowi’s agency typology and EEOC categorical data from the 2012 and 2020 Kentucky Office of Diversity and Employment Training Semi-Annual Report on Female and Minority Employment (SAR) to identify gendered occupational segregation in three distinct Executive Branch agencies, address potential contributing factors and areas of change (Alkadry & Tower, 2006; Lowi, 1985; Newman, 1994; Escriche, 2007). Addressing any underlying discriminatory practices that may …
Particulate Hexavalent Chromium Inhibits Homologous Recombination Repair By Targeting Rad51 Paralogs In Human Lung Fibroblasts., Aggie R. Williams
Particulate Hexavalent Chromium Inhibits Homologous Recombination Repair By Targeting Rad51 Paralogs In Human Lung Fibroblasts., Aggie R. Williams
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Hexavalent Chromium [Cr(VI)] is a known human lung carcinogen and general health hazard. The mechanism of carcinogenesis remains poorly understood, but chromosome instability (CIN) is the major theory in its carcinogenic mechanism. Homologous recombination (HR) repair is a DNA repair pathway that prevents CIN by repairing DNA double-strand breaks. RAD51, a key mediator protein of HR repair, along with the RAD51 paralogs (RAD51B, C, D, XRCC2, and 3) are required for HR repair. During HR, RAD51 loads and forms a helical nucleoprotein filament structure to promote DNA strand exchange and stimulate pairing activity of DNA. Cr(VI) exposures have been shown …
Structural And Functional Myocardial Adaptations To Task-Specific Epidural Stimulation In Chronic Spinal Cord Injury., Harley D. Ledbetter
Structural And Functional Myocardial Adaptations To Task-Specific Epidural Stimulation In Chronic Spinal Cord Injury., Harley D. Ledbetter
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality, and this is especially true in individuals with spinal cord injury. Decreased systemic blood pressure leads to cardiac deconditioning, thought to be related to the increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in this population. This study investigates effects of myocardial loading from epidural stimulation in a group of individuals with spinal cord injury to understand how changes in preload and afterload could lead to beneficial myocardial remodeling. The study conducted echocardiograms to describe the myocardial changes after training with two different types of epidural stimulation intervention: one designed to facilitate movement (Voluntary) and …
Plant-Pollinator Communities Responsive To Local And Landscape Level Factors In Grassland Restorations., Aaron Sexton
Plant-Pollinator Communities Responsive To Local And Landscape Level Factors In Grassland Restorations., Aaron Sexton
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As humans continue to degrade natural ecosystems via greenhouse gas emissions and habitat destruction, many species are being pushed to the brink of extinction. In hopes to offset this degradation, habitat restoration attempts to restore ecosystem function to an improved state resembling intact, remnant values. This is a difficult, but important, undertaking with factors to consider at multiple spatial and temporal scales. The restoration and conservation of pollinator communities has garnered heightened attention because of the valuable ecosystem services they provide. This dissertation investigates the local and landscape level factors of grassland restorations that influence plant-pollinator communities. I used a …
Characterization Of Fundamental Parameters That Modulate Acoustofluidic-Mediated Molecular Delivery To Cells., Connor Sterling Centner
Characterization Of Fundamental Parameters That Modulate Acoustofluidic-Mediated Molecular Delivery To Cells., Connor Sterling Centner
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cell-based therapies represent the latest biotechnological revolution in medicine, but significant limitations exist in non-viral intracellular delivery techniques during manufacturing of cell therapies. To address these limitations, a novel acoustofluidic device was developed to deliver ultrasound waves into a flow chamber for rapid molecular delivery to human cells. Our acoustofluidic device delivers biomolecules by inducing expansion and collapse of exogenous gas-filled microbubbles (“cavitation”), which enhances molecular delivery to nearby cells. Experimental studies were conducted to characterize key parameters that influence acoustofluidic-mediated molecular delivery to human cells. A clinical ultrasound transducer was generally utilized with varying cationic microbubble concentrations. Intracellular delivery …