Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 704461 - 704490 of 5161276

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Nams 2021 Utian Translational Science Symposium September 2021, Washington, Dc - >Charting The Path To Health In Midlife And Beyond: The Biology And Practice Of Wellness, Nanette F. Santoro, Helen L. Coons, Samar R. El Khoudary, C. Neill Epperson, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Hadine Joffe, Sarah H. Lindsey, Kara L. Marlatt, Patti Montella, Gloria Richard-Davis, Bonny Rockette-Wagner, Marcel E. Salive, Cynthia Stuenkel, Rebecca C. Thurston, Nancy Woods, Holly Wyatt May 2022

Nams 2021 Utian Translational Science Symposium September 2021, Washington, Dc - >Charting The Path To Health In Midlife And Beyond: The Biology And Practice Of Wellness, Nanette F. Santoro, Helen L. Coons, Samar R. El Khoudary, C. Neill Epperson, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Hadine Joffe, Sarah H. Lindsey, Kara L. Marlatt, Patti Montella, Gloria Richard-Davis, Bonny Rockette-Wagner, Marcel E. Salive, Cynthia Stuenkel, Rebecca C. Thurston, Nancy Woods, Holly Wyatt

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Charting the Path to Health in Midlife and Beyond: The Biology and Practice of Wellness was a Translational Science Symposium held on Tuesday, September 21, 2021. Foundational psychosocial and behavioral approaches to promote healthy aging and strategies to disseminate this information were discussed. The following synopsis documents the conversation, describes the state of the science, and outlines a path forward for clinical practice. Wellness, in its broadest sense, prioritizes an orientation toward health, and an embrace of behaviors that will promote it. It involves a journey to improve and maintain physical and mental health and overall well-being to fully engage …

Go to article

A Qualitative Analysis Of The Remote Food Photography Method And The Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool For Assessing Children's Food Intake Reported By Parent Proxy, Traci A. Bekelman, Susan L. Johnson, Rachel I. Steinberg, Corby K. Martin, Katherine A. Sauder, Sophie Luckett-Cole, Deborah H. Glueck, Daniel S. Hsia, Dana Dabelea, P. B. Smith, K. L. Newby, D. K. Benjamin May 2022

A Qualitative Analysis Of The Remote Food Photography Method And The Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool For Assessing Children's Food Intake Reported By Parent Proxy, Traci A. Bekelman, Susan L. Johnson, Rachel I. Steinberg, Corby K. Martin, Katherine A. Sauder, Sophie Luckett-Cole, Deborah H. Glueck, Daniel S. Hsia, Dana Dabelea, P. B. Smith, K. L. Newby, D. K. Benjamin

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background: Accuracy and participant burden are two key considerations in the selection of a dietary assessment tool for assessing children's full-day dietary intake. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify barriers experienced by parents and burden when using two technology-based measures of dietary intake to report their child's intake: the Remote Food Photography Method (RFPM) and the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24). Design: Qualitative, semistructured, focus groups were conducted with parents who served as proxy reporters of their child's dietary intake using the two different dietary assessment methods (ie, RFPM and ASA24) 1 week apart. Participants/setting: …

Go to article

State Of Ex Situ Conservation Of Landrace Groups Of 25 Major Crops, Julian Ramirez-Villegas, Colin K. Khoury, Harold A. Achicanoy, Maria Victoria Diaz, Andres C. Mendez, Chrystian C. Sosa, Zakaria Kehel, Luigi Guarino, Michael Abberton, Jorrel Aunario, Bashir Al Awar, Juan Carlos Alarcon, Ahmed Amri, Noelle L. Anglin, Vania Azevedo, Khadija Aziz, Grace Lee Capilit, Oswaldo Chavez, Dmytro Chebotarov, Denise E. Costich, Daniel G. Debouck, David Ellis, Hamidou Falalou, Albert Fiu, Michel Edmond Ghanem, Peter Giovannini, Alphonse J. Goungoulou, Badara Gueye, Amal Ibn El Hobyb, Ramni Jamnadass, Chris S. Jones, Bienvenu Kpeki, Jae Sung Lee May 2022

State Of Ex Situ Conservation Of Landrace Groups Of 25 Major Crops, Julian Ramirez-Villegas, Colin K. Khoury, Harold A. Achicanoy, Maria Victoria Diaz, Andres C. Mendez, Chrystian C. Sosa, Zakaria Kehel, Luigi Guarino, Michael Abberton, Jorrel Aunario, Bashir Al Awar, Juan Carlos Alarcon, Ahmed Amri, Noelle L. Anglin, Vania Azevedo, Khadija Aziz, Grace Lee Capilit, Oswaldo Chavez, Dmytro Chebotarov, Denise E. Costich, Daniel G. Debouck, David Ellis, Hamidou Falalou, Albert Fiu, Michel Edmond Ghanem, Peter Giovannini, Alphonse J. Goungoulou, Badara Gueye, Amal Ibn El Hobyb, Ramni Jamnadass, Chris S. Jones, Bienvenu Kpeki, Jae Sung Lee

Faculty Publications

Crop landraces have unique local agroecological and societal functions and offer important genetic resources for plant breeding. Recognition of the value of landrace diversity and concern about its erosion on farms have led to sustained efforts to establish ex situ collections worldwide. The degree to which these efforts have succeeded in conserving landraces has not been comprehensively assessed. Here we modelled the potential distributions of eco-geographically distinguishable groups of landraces of 25 cereal, pulse and starchy root/tuber/fruit crops within their geographic regions of diversity. We then analysed the extent to which these landrace groups are represented in genebank collections, using …

Go to article

The Potential For Bias Across Gps-Accelerometer Combined Wear Criteria Among Adolescents, Maura M. Kepper, Amanda E. Staiano, Stephanie T. Broyles May 2022

The Potential For Bias Across Gps-Accelerometer Combined Wear Criteria Among Adolescents, Maura M. Kepper, Amanda E. Staiano, Stephanie T. Broyles

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Physical activity has many health benefits, yet a large portion of our population is not meeting recommendations. Using accelerometry and global positioning systems (GPS) to accurately measure where people are active and to identify barriers and facilitators of activity across various settings will inform evidence-based policies and interventions to improve activity levels. Criteria for sufficient accelerometry data (e.g., number of days, minimum hours in a day) to accurately monitor free-living physical activity in adults and children have been widely studied, implemented, and reported by researchers. However, few best practice recommendations for researchers using GPS have been established. Therefore, this paper …

Go to article

Variation And Predictors Of Gross Motor Coordination Development In Azorean Children: A Quantile Regression Approach, Sara Pereira, Flávio Bastos, Carla Santos, José Maia, Go Tani, Leah E. Robinson, Peter T. Katzmarzyk May 2022

Variation And Predictors Of Gross Motor Coordination Development In Azorean Children: A Quantile Regression Approach, Sara Pereira, Flávio Bastos, Carla Santos, José Maia, Go Tani, Leah E. Robinson, Peter T. Katzmarzyk

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

We investigated the development of gross motor coordination (GMC) as well as its predictors in school-aged Azorean children. The sample included 181 children (90 girls), followed consecutively for 4 years from 6 to 9 years of age. GMC was assessed with the Körperkoordination-stest für Kinder, and predictors included body mass index, standing long jump, 50-yard dash, and shuttle run. The changes in GMC and the effects of predictors were analyzed with mean-modeling as well as quantile regression. In the latter, we considered the following three quantiles (Q): Q20, Q50, and Q80 as markers of low, median, and high GMC levels, …

Go to article

Sibling Resemblances In Physical Fitness In Three Distinct Regions In Peru: The Peruvian Sibling Study On Growth And Health, Carla Santos, Alcibíades Bustamante, Olga Vasconcelos, Sara Pereira, Rui Garganta, J. Timothy Lightfoot, Go Tani, Donald Hedeker, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, José Maia May 2022

Sibling Resemblances In Physical Fitness In Three Distinct Regions In Peru: The Peruvian Sibling Study On Growth And Health, Carla Santos, Alcibíades Bustamante, Olga Vasconcelos, Sara Pereira, Rui Garganta, J. Timothy Lightfoot, Go Tani, Donald Hedeker, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, José Maia

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

We estimated sibling resemblance in health-related physical fitness (PF) and examined how individual characteristics and shared natural environment accounted for sibling similarities. The sample comprised 656 sibling pairs and 102 triplets (6–15 years of age), from three geographical areas of Peru. PF components included morphological (waist circumference, sum of skinfolds), muscular (handgrip strength, standing long jump), and motor (shuttle-run). Body mass index (BMI) and somatic maturation were also assessed. In general, sibling intraclass correlations differed significantly across sib-ship types for waist circumference and handgrip strength but were the same for sum of skinfolds, standing long jump, and shuttle-run. Further, in …

Go to article

Regional Variation In Growth Status. The Peruvian Health And Optimist Growth Study, Alcibíades Bustamante, Carla Santos, Sara Pereira, Duarte Freitas, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, José Maia May 2022

Regional Variation In Growth Status. The Peruvian Health And Optimist Growth Study, Alcibíades Bustamante, Carla Santos, Sara Pereira, Duarte Freitas, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, José Maia

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Objective: This study aims to (1) investigate differences in weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) among Peruvian children and adolescents living in three areas located at different altitudes; (2) compare age- and sex-specific height, weight, and BMI within each site with US reference data. Methods: We sampled 8753 subjects (4130 boys), aged 4 to 17 years from sea level, rainforest, and high-altitude. Height, weight, and WC were measured and BMI was calculated. Analysis of variance was used to compare variables across geographic regions, and the Hoff and Blackburn procedure was used to compare the Peruvian results with …

Go to article

Crossover Food Businesses In Louisiana, United States: A Descriptive Study Of Their Characteristics And Food Safety Training Needs From Public Health Inspectors’ Perspective, Wenqing Xu, Evelyn Watts, Carolyn Bombet, Melissa Cater May 2022

Crossover Food Businesses In Louisiana, United States: A Descriptive Study Of Their Characteristics And Food Safety Training Needs From Public Health Inspectors’ Perspective, Wenqing Xu, Evelyn Watts, Carolyn Bombet, Melissa Cater

Faculty Publications

Objectives: Integrating retail and manufacturing enables limitless potential for food businesses, but also creates challenges for navigating within complex food safety regulations. From public health inspectors’ (PHIs) perspective, this study aimed (1) to describe the characteristics of crossover businesses in Louisiana, and (2) to evaluate regulation awareness and food safety education needs for business owners and PHIs who inspect crossover businesses. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was administered to Louisiana Department of Health PHIs using Qualtrics®. A descriptive analysis was performed, focusing on the frequency of each item. Results: In total, 1774 retailers were conducting or planned to conduct specialized processes, …

Go to article

Expression Of Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase 2 Activity In Immortalized Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells, James T.F. Wise, Raúl A. Salazar-González, Mariam R. Habil, Mark A. Doll, David W. Hein May 2022

Expression Of Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase 2 Activity In Immortalized Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells, James T.F. Wise, Raúl A. Salazar-González, Mariam R. Habil, Mark A. Doll, David W. Hein

Faculty Publications

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States with high incidence in tobacco smokers. Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) is a xenobiotic enzyme that catalyzes both N- and O-acetylation of carcinogens present in tobacco smoke and contributes towards the genotoxicity of these carcinogens. NAT2 allelic variants result in slow, intermediate, and rapid acetylation phenotypes. A recent meta-analysis reported NAT2 non-rapid (slow and intermediate) phenotypes had a significantly increased risk of lung cancer. NAT2 activity in humans is thought to be restricted to liver and gastrointestinal tract, and no studies to our knowledge have reported the expression …

Go to article

A Reappraisal Of Polyploidy Events In Grasses (Poaceae) In A Rapidly Changing World, Acga Cheng, Noraikim Mohd Hanafiah, Jennifer Ann Harikrishna, Niranjan Baisakh, Muhamad Shakirin Mispan, Lim Phaik Eem May 2022

A Reappraisal Of Polyploidy Events In Grasses (Poaceae) In A Rapidly Changing World, Acga Cheng, Noraikim Mohd Hanafiah, Jennifer Ann Harikrishna, Niranjan Baisakh, Muhamad Shakirin Mispan, Lim Phaik Eem

Faculty Publications

Around 80% of megaflora species became extinct at the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary. Subsequent polyploidy events drove the survival of thousands of plant species and played a significant historical role in the development of the most successful modern cereal crops. However, current and rapid global temperature change poses an urgent threat to food crops worldwide, including the world’s big three cereals: rice, wheat, and maize, which are members of the grass family, Poaceae. Some minor cereals from the same family (such as teff) have grown in popularity in recent years, but there are important knowledge gaps regarding the similarities and differences …

Go to article

Determination Of Β -Decay Feeding Patterns Of Rb 88 And Kr 88 Using The Modular Total Absorption Spectrometer At Ornl Hribf, P. Shuai, B. C. Rasco, K. P. Rykaczewski, A. Fijałkowska, M. Karny, M. Wolińska-Cichocka, R. K. Grzywacz, C. J. Gross, D. W. Stracener, E. F. Zganjar, J. C. Batchelder, J. C. Blackmon, N. T. Brewer, S. Go, M. Cooper, K. C. Goetz, J. W. Johnson, C. U. Jost, T. T. King, J. T. Matta, J. H. Hamilton, A. Laminack, K. Miernik, M. Madurga, D. Miller, C. D. Nesaraja, S. Padgett, S. V. Paulauskas, M. M. Rajabali, T. Ruland, M. Stepaniuk, E. H. Wang, J. A. Winger May 2022

Determination Of Β -Decay Feeding Patterns Of Rb 88 And Kr 88 Using The Modular Total Absorption Spectrometer At Ornl Hribf, P. Shuai, B. C. Rasco, K. P. Rykaczewski, A. Fijałkowska, M. Karny, M. Wolińska-Cichocka, R. K. Grzywacz, C. J. Gross, D. W. Stracener, E. F. Zganjar, J. C. Batchelder, J. C. Blackmon, N. T. Brewer, S. Go, M. Cooper, K. C. Goetz, J. W. Johnson, C. U. Jost, T. T. King, J. T. Matta, J. H. Hamilton, A. Laminack, K. Miernik, M. Madurga, D. Miller, C. D. Nesaraja, S. Padgett, S. V. Paulauskas, M. M. Rajabali, T. Ruland, M. Stepaniuk, E. H. Wang, J. A. Winger

Faculty Publications

Precise determination of ground-state feeding in the β decay of fission products is an important but challenging component in modeling reactor antineutrino flux and reactor decay heat. The Modular Total Absorption Spectrometer (MTAS) is a versatile NaI(Tl) detector array that determines the true β-decay pattern free from the pandemonium effect, including precise ground-state feeding intensities. In this paper, we report MTAS results of the β feeding intensities of Rb88 and Kr88, fission products with large cumulative yields in nuclear reactors. By comparing MTAS results with previous measurements, Rb88 provides a validation of MTAS's ability to determine ground-state feedings in β …

Go to article

Measurement Of The Ne 18 (Α,P) Na 21 Reaction With The Anasen Active-Target Detector System At E C. M.=2.5-4 Mev, M. Anastasiou, I. Wiedenhöver, J. C. Blackmon, L. T. Baby, D. D. Caussyn, A. A. Hood, E. Koshchiy, J. C. Lighthall, K. T. Macon, J. J. Parker, T. Rauscher, N. Rijal May 2022

Measurement Of The Ne 18 (Α,P) Na 21 Reaction With The Anasen Active-Target Detector System At E C. M.=2.5-4 Mev, M. Anastasiou, I. Wiedenhöver, J. C. Blackmon, L. T. Baby, D. D. Caussyn, A. A. Hood, E. Koshchiy, J. C. Lighthall, K. T. Macon, J. J. Parker, T. Rauscher, N. Rijal

Faculty Publications

The Ne18(α,p)Na21 reaction plays a significant role in Type-I X-ray bursts. It is a major path in the breakout from the hot-CNO cycles to the synthesis of heavier elements in the αp- and rp-processes. An experiment to determine the cross section of this reaction was performed with the ANASEN active-target detector system, determining the cross section at energies between 2.5 and 4 MeV in the center-of-mass frame. The measured cross sections for reactions populating the ground state in Na21 are consistent with results obtained from the time-inverse reaction, but significantly lower than the previously published experimental data of direct measurements. …

Go to article

The Satchel Pipeline: A General Tool For Data Classified Through Citizen Science, E. J. Safron, T. S. Boyajian, N. Eisner May 2022

The Satchel Pipeline: A General Tool For Data Classified Through Citizen Science, E. J. Safron, T. S. Boyajian, N. Eisner

Faculty Publications

Citizen science is a powerful analysis tool, capable of processing large amounts of data in a very short time. To bridge the gap between classification data products from web-based citizen science platforms to statistically robust signal significance scores, we present the Search Algorithm for Transits in the Citizen science Hunt for Exoplanets in Light curves (satchel) pipeline. This open source, customizable pipeline was constructed to identify and assign significance estimates to one-dimensional features marked by volunteers. We describe the functional capabilities of the satchel pipeline through application to features in photometric time-series data from the Kepler Space Telescope, classified by …

Go to article

Low-Efficiency Long Gamma-Ray Bursts: A Case Study With At2020blt, N. Sarin, R. Hamburg, E. Burns, G. Ashton, P. D. Lasky, G. P. Lamb May 2022

Low-Efficiency Long Gamma-Ray Bursts: A Case Study With At2020blt, N. Sarin, R. Hamburg, E. Burns, G. Ashton, P. D. Lasky, G. P. Lamb

Faculty Publications

The Zwicky Transient Facility recently announced the detection of an optical transient AT2020blt at redshift z = 2.9, consistent with the afterglow of an on-axis gamma-ray burst. However, no prompt emission was observed. We analyse AT2020blt with detailed models, showing the data are best explained as the afterglow of an on-axis long gamma-ray burst, ruling out other hypotheses such as a cocoon and a low-Lorentz factor jet. We search Fermi data for prompt emission, setting deeper upper limits on the prompt emission than in the original detection paper. Together with KONUS-Wind observations, we show that the gamma-ray efficiency of AT2020blt …

Go to article

Searches For Modulated 3-Ray Precursors To Compact Binary Mergers In Fermi-Gbm Data, Cosmin Stachie, Tito Dal Canton, Nelson Christensen, Marie Anne Bizouard, Michael Briggs, Eric Burns, Jordan Camp, Michael Coughlin May 2022

Searches For Modulated 3-Ray Precursors To Compact Binary Mergers In Fermi-Gbm Data, Cosmin Stachie, Tito Dal Canton, Nelson Christensen, Marie Anne Bizouard, Michael Briggs, Eric Burns, Jordan Camp, Michael Coughlin

Faculty Publications

GW170817 is the only gravitational-wave event for which a confirmed 3-ray counterpart, GRB 170817A, has been detected. Here, we present a method to search for another type of 3-ray signal, a 3-ray burst precursor, associated with a compact binary merger. If emitted shortly before the coalescence, a high-energy electromagnetic (EM) flash travels through a highly dynamical and relativistic environment, created by the two compact objects orbiting each other. Thus, the EM signal arriving at an Earth observer could present a somewhat predictable time-dependent modulation. We describe a targeted search method for light curves exhibiting such a modulation, parameterized by the …

Go to article

On The Spherical Slice Transform, Boris Rubin May 2022

On The Spherical Slice Transform, Boris Rubin

Faculty Publications

We study the spherical slice transform which assigns to a function f on the unit sphere Sn in n+1 the integrals of f over cross-sections of Sn by k-dimensional affine planes passing through the north pole (0,..., 0, 1). These transforms are known when k = n. We consider all 2 ≤ k ≤ n and obtain an explicit formula connecting with the classical (k - 1)-plane Radon-John transform Rk-1 on n. Using this connection, known facts for Rk-1, like inversion formulas, support theorems, representation on zonal functions, and some others, are reformulated for .

Go to article

Mhealth Intervention For Motor Skills: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Amanda E. Staiano, Robert L. Newton, Robbie A. Beyl, Chelsea L. Kracht, Chelsea A. Hendrick, Matthew Viverito, E. Kipling Webster May 2022

Mhealth Intervention For Motor Skills: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Amanda E. Staiano, Robert L. Newton, Robbie A. Beyl, Chelsea L. Kracht, Chelsea A. Hendrick, Matthew Viverito, E. Kipling Webster

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Children's motor skills are a critical foundation for physical activity. The objective was to determine the effectiveness and feasibility of a mobile app-based intervention delivered to parents to improve preschoolers’ motor skills. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial randomly assigned children to: (1) Motor Skills, including instructional lessons, peer modeling videos, behavioral scaffolding, and structured activities or 2) Free Play. Both groups received a 12-week app-based intervention informed by social cognitive theory to deliver 12 hours (12-minutes per day, 5× per week) of instruction. The children were aged 3 to 5 y; parents and children had no mobility …

Go to article

Thinking Inside The Box: The Future Of Young Children's Physical Activity And The Home Environment, Chelsea L. Kracht, Amanda E. Staiano May 2022

Thinking Inside The Box: The Future Of Young Children's Physical Activity And The Home Environment, Chelsea L. Kracht, Amanda E. Staiano

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Parrish et al.‘s (2021) investigation of caregiver perceptions of preschoolers' physical activity (PA) within the home environment posits important opportunities for public policy to consider space and available opportunities for PA for preschoolers. This study uncovered qualitative themes on preschoolers' PA in the home, referencing the use of indoor and outdoor spaces, adaptations within the home, interplay between space and caregiving, and variability in child's PA. This work sparks a discussion into the current understanding of the home environment for preschooler PA and future research directions. We propose three main areas to bring forward physical activity and public health research, …

Go to article

Bridging The Research Gap Between Live Collections In Zoos And Preserved Collections In Natural History Museums, Sinlan Poo, Steven M. Whitfield, Alexander Shepack, Gregory J. Watkins-Colwell, Gil Nelson, Jillian Goodwin, Allison Bogisich, Patricia L.R. Brennan, Jennifer D'Agostino, Michelle S. Koo, Joseph R. Mendelson, Rebecca Snyder, Sandra Wilson, Gary P. Aronsen, Andrew C. Bentley, David C. Blackburn, Matthew R. Borths, Mariel L. Campbell, Dalia A. Conde, Joseph A. Cook, Juan D. Daza, Daniel P. Dembiec, Jonathan L. Dunnum, Catherine M. Early, Adam W. Ferguson, Amanda Greene, Robert Guralnick, Courtney Janney, Debbie Johnson, Felicia Knightly, Stephane Poulin, Luiz Rocha, Pamela S. Soltis May 2022

Bridging The Research Gap Between Live Collections In Zoos And Preserved Collections In Natural History Museums, Sinlan Poo, Steven M. Whitfield, Alexander Shepack, Gregory J. Watkins-Colwell, Gil Nelson, Jillian Goodwin, Allison Bogisich, Patricia L.R. Brennan, Jennifer D'Agostino, Michelle S. Koo, Joseph R. Mendelson, Rebecca Snyder, Sandra Wilson, Gary P. Aronsen, Andrew C. Bentley, David C. Blackburn, Matthew R. Borths, Mariel L. Campbell, Dalia A. Conde, Joseph A. Cook, Juan D. Daza, Daniel P. Dembiec, Jonathan L. Dunnum, Catherine M. Early, Adam W. Ferguson, Amanda Greene, Robert Guralnick, Courtney Janney, Debbie Johnson, Felicia Knightly, Stephane Poulin, Luiz Rocha, Pamela S. Soltis

Faculty Publications

Zoos and natural history museums are both collections-based institutions with important missions in biodiversity research and education. Animals in zoos are a repository and living record of the world's biodiversity, whereas natural history museums are a permanent historical record of snapshots of biodiversity in time. Surprisingly, despite significant overlap in institutional missions, formal partnerships between these institution types are infrequent. Life history information, pedigrees, and medical records maintained at zoos should be seen as complementary to historical records of morphology, genetics, and distribution kept at museums. Through examining both institution types, we synthesize the benefits and challenges of cross-institutional exchanges …

Go to article

Paraphyletic Relationships Revealed By Mitochondrial Dna In The Peromyscus Mexicanus Species Group (Rodentia: Cricetidae), Giovani Hernández-Canchola, Livia León-Paniagua, Jacob A. Esselstyn May 2022

Paraphyletic Relationships Revealed By Mitochondrial Dna In The Peromyscus Mexicanus Species Group (Rodentia: Cricetidae), Giovani Hernández-Canchola, Livia León-Paniagua, Jacob A. Esselstyn

Faculty Publications

Although deer mice (Peromyscus spp.) are among the most studied small mammals, their species diversity and phylogenetic relationships remain unclear. The lack of taxonomic clarity is mainly due to a conservative morphology and because some taxa are rare, have restricted distributions, or are poorly sampled. One taxon, P. mexicanus, includes southern Mexican subspecies that have not had their systematic placement tested with genetic data. We analyzed the phylogenetic relationships and genetic structure of P. mexicanus populations using sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b. We inferred that P. mexicanus is paraphyletic, with P. m. teapensis, P. m. tehuantepecus, and P. …

Go to article

Value-Added Utilization Of Wheat Straw: From Cellulose And Cellulose Nanofiber To All-Cellulose Nanocomposite Film, Hongxia Bian, Yanyan Yang, Peng Tu, Jonathan Y. Chen May 2022

Value-Added Utilization Of Wheat Straw: From Cellulose And Cellulose Nanofiber To All-Cellulose Nanocomposite Film, Hongxia Bian, Yanyan Yang, Peng Tu, Jonathan Y. Chen

Faculty Publications

To accelerate the high value-added usage of agricultural residue, cellulose and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were extracted from wheat straw and then formed into all-cellulose nanocomposite films. The acid–alkali method (AM) and the extraction method (EM) were respectively adopted to prepare wheat straw cellulose (WSC), and the TEMPO oxidation method was used to extract CNFs. The nanocomposite films were fabricated by dissolving WSC and adding different CNF contents of 0.0, 0.5, 1.5, and 3.0%. There was a better miscibility for the all-cellulose nanocomposite film prepared by EM (Composite-E) compared to that for the all-cellulose nanocomposite film prepared by AM (Composite-A). Composite-E …

Go to article

Adoption Trend Of Climate-Resilient Rice Varieties In Bangladesh, Swati Nayak, Muhammad Ashraful Habib, Kuntal Das, Saidul Islam, Sk Mosharaf Hossain, Biswajit Karmakar, Roberto Fritsche Neto, Sankalp Bhosale, Hans Bhardwaj, Sudhanshu Singh, Mohammad Rafiqul Islam, Vikas Kumar Singh, Ajay Kohli, Uma S. Singh, Lutful Hassan May 2022

Adoption Trend Of Climate-Resilient Rice Varieties In Bangladesh, Swati Nayak, Muhammad Ashraful Habib, Kuntal Das, Saidul Islam, Sk Mosharaf Hossain, Biswajit Karmakar, Roberto Fritsche Neto, Sankalp Bhosale, Hans Bhardwaj, Sudhanshu Singh, Mohammad Rafiqul Islam, Vikas Kumar Singh, Ajay Kohli, Uma S. Singh, Lutful Hassan

Faculty Publications

Rice is a major crop in Bangladesh that supports both food security and livelihoods. However, a need remains for improved productivity and adaptation to the risks associated with climate change. To accomplish this, the increased adoption of climate-resilient and high-yielding rice varieties can be beneficial. Therefore, we conducted a study in Bangladesh over three consecutive years: 2016, 2017, and 2018. The scope of the study included the major cropping season (wet), Aman. The yield advantages of climate-resilient rice varieties were evaluated and compared with those of the varieties popular with farmers. We included new stress-tolerant varieties, such as submergencetolerant rice …

Go to article

Finding Human Rights In Higher Education: A History Of Federal Financial Aid And Discrimination In The United States, Andrew J. Toritto May 2022

Finding Human Rights In Higher Education: A History Of Federal Financial Aid And Discrimination In The United States, Andrew J. Toritto

Of Life and History

This article discusses the history of discrimination toward African Americans in the United States within the scope of federal financial aid policy for higher education from 1944 to 1965. Building on the historiography of the G.I. Bill of 1944 and the de facto exclusion of African Americans from its benefits, this paper argues that the National Defense Education Act was also a de facto exclusionary financial aid bill toward the African American community. The Higher Education Act of 1965 did much to help remedy the prior exclusions of African American from federal financial aid, however, the troubling legacy of discrimination …

Go to article

Postcards From Paradise: How Cuba’S Tourism Industry Enabled The Hyper-Sexualization Of Black Women And Erasure Of Female Afro-Cuban Identity, Christina Darko May 2022

Postcards From Paradise: How Cuba’S Tourism Industry Enabled The Hyper-Sexualization Of Black Women And Erasure Of Female Afro-Cuban Identity, Christina Darko

Of Life and History

When tourists vacation in Cuba, they might take walks on its warm beaches, take pictures of its colorful architecture, or enjoy rich Afro-Cuban culture. Parallel to these scenes is the people who work in Cuba’s tourism industry, supplying entertainment to tourists to consume during their stays in paradise. This paper discusses Cuba’s tourism industry during its “Special Period,”: a time in the 1990s when Cuba reintroduced the dollar into its economy and reopened its tourism industry. The reintroduction of the dollar created increased racial inequality, especially among Afro-Cuban women. This research examines the increase in racial inequality during the Special …

Go to article

The Effects Of Different Navigational Aids On Wayfinding And Spatial Memory For Older Adults, Ling Ai, Yingying Jennifer Yang, Qi Wang May 2022

The Effects Of Different Navigational Aids On Wayfinding And Spatial Memory For Older Adults, Ling Ai, Yingying Jennifer Yang, Qi Wang

Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Navigation aids can help people conduct daily wayfinding activities. However, because of cognitive limitations that can emerge with age, it is not clear how different navigation aids impact wayfinding behaviors and spatial memory in older adults. In Experiment 1, 66 older adults and 65 younger adults participated. They were asked to make turn decisions when the navigation aid was a map, a map plus self-updating (Global Positioning System [GPS]), or a text. After the wayfinding task, they completed two spatial memory tasks recalling scenes and drawing the routes. Results showed that younger adults outperformed older adults on most outcome measures. …

Go to article

Proposing An Educational Framework For Healthcare Professionals On The Topic Of Substandard Or Falsified Medications And Illegal Online Pharmacies, Margo Elaine Whitehead May 2022

Proposing An Educational Framework For Healthcare Professionals On The Topic Of Substandard Or Falsified Medications And Illegal Online Pharmacies, Margo Elaine Whitehead

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Background: Substandard or falsified medication prevalence in countries like the United States is documented with much more consistency than developing nations. On the contrary, although online pharmacies have been around for several decades, there is very limited data published establishing the prevalence of online pharmacy use by the general population (Fitler). Currently, there is no standardized curriculum regarding substandard or falsified medications and illegal online pharmacies offered to healthcare providers to combat the problems raised by counterfeits. Therefore, it is necessary to assess institutions’ current stance on implementing concepts in the curriculum and to create an educational framework based on …

Go to article

Targeted: How Relevant Parties Position The Ethics Of Online Demographic-Based Targeted Advertising, Gabrielle Marie Allen May 2022

Targeted: How Relevant Parties Position The Ethics Of Online Demographic-Based Targeted Advertising, Gabrielle Marie Allen

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

This thesis examines how relevant parties position the ethics of online demographic-based targeting to vulnerable populations. Relevant parties fell into four categories: professional organizations, government organizations, major platforms, and activist groups. As advertising technology has rapidly evolved, relevant parties are in a unique position to shape the ethics of new technologies like demographic-based targeting. Statements from relevant parties were collected and a thematic analysis was conducted to determine the varying stances taken by each relevant party. Five stances emerged from this analysis representing how relevant parties positioned the issue: supports non-discriminatory demographic-based targeting, supports consensual demographic-based targeting, supports legal demographic-based …

Go to article

The Impact Of Dance On Physical, Intellectual, And Social Aspects Of College Life, Jenna Jean Hensen May 2022

The Impact Of Dance On Physical, Intellectual, And Social Aspects Of College Life, Jenna Jean Hensen

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

This study aimed to examine the physical, intellectual, and social impacts of dance on collegiate life. Members of the Butler University Dance Team were surveyed, and 3 members were interviewed in order to gain insight into how they perceived dance has impacted various aspects of their college life. Results showed that increased physical activity levels, academic motivation from teammates and coaching staff, as well as a positive relationship with teammates were positive aspects that dance team participants added to their college experience. Negatively, results showed lack of time for proper warm up, intense time commitments, and pressure to maintain a …

Go to article

The Effects Of Covid-19 Induced Stress, Anxiety And Depression On The Eating Behavior Of College Women, Natalie Simpson May 2022

The Effects Of Covid-19 Induced Stress, Anxiety And Depression On The Eating Behavior Of College Women, Natalie Simpson

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Increases in the prevalence of disordered eating patterns have been linked to distress and poor mental well-being. Additionally, COVID-19 has been linked to both depressive and anxious symptomatology, along with increased feelings of distress (Fitzpatrick et al., 2020). Because disordered eating is particularly prevalent among college-aged women, this study sought to determine how depression, anxiety, and stress affect eating behaviors of college women in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. 179 women at Butler University, aged 18-24, gave informed consent before completing a questionnaire pertaining to their demographics, their stress surrounding COVID, and their weight change since March 2020. The …

Go to article

The Climate Crisis: How Communication And Norms Interact With Attitudes And Actions, Kathryn Aldstadt May 2022

The Climate Crisis: How Communication And Norms Interact With Attitudes And Actions, Kathryn Aldstadt

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The present study investigated the effect of communication strategies and social norms on peoples’ self-reported environmental attitudes and actions. Communication strategies that cause high-fear levels in viewers can often cause distress, thereby increasing the likelihood that viewers will disregard a message in favor of protecting themselves (Clayton, 2020; Hornsey et al., 2015). Communication strategies that cause low-fear can serve as healthy motivators for action (Nestler & Egloff, 2012). Social norms are powerful, and people are likely to follow the same behavior pattern as others. In the current study, participants (N=71) watched a Public Service Announcement (PSA) video and either had …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last