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The Effects Of Covid-19 Induced Stress, Anxiety And Depression On The Eating Behavior Of College Women, Natalie Simpson May 2022

The Effects Of Covid-19 Induced Stress, Anxiety And Depression On The Eating Behavior Of College Women, Natalie Simpson

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Increases in the prevalence of disordered eating patterns have been linked to distress and poor mental well-being. Additionally, COVID-19 has been linked to both depressive and anxious symptomatology, along with increased feelings of distress (Fitzpatrick et al., 2020). Because disordered eating is particularly prevalent among college-aged women, this study sought to determine how depression, anxiety, and stress affect eating behaviors of college women in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. 179 women at Butler University, aged 18-24, gave informed consent before completing a questionnaire pertaining to their demographics, their stress surrounding COVID, and their weight change since March 2020. The …

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The Climate Crisis: How Communication And Norms Interact With Attitudes And Actions, Kathryn Aldstadt May 2022

The Climate Crisis: How Communication And Norms Interact With Attitudes And Actions, Kathryn Aldstadt

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The present study investigated the effect of communication strategies and social norms on peoples’ self-reported environmental attitudes and actions. Communication strategies that cause high-fear levels in viewers can often cause distress, thereby increasing the likelihood that viewers will disregard a message in favor of protecting themselves (Clayton, 2020; Hornsey et al., 2015). Communication strategies that cause low-fear can serve as healthy motivators for action (Nestler & Egloff, 2012). Social norms are powerful, and people are likely to follow the same behavior pattern as others. In the current study, participants (N=71) watched a Public Service Announcement (PSA) video and either had …

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Economic Implications Of State-Wide Covid-19 Response Aggressiveness, Michael Edward Parker May 2022

Economic Implications Of State-Wide Covid-19 Response Aggressiveness, Michael Edward Parker

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

In this paper, we evaluate how the aggressiveness of each State’s response to the Covid-19 pandemic affected their respective economies from Q2, 2020 through Q2, 2021. In our study, we utilize the scale developed by McCann (2020, 2021), which ranks the least aggressive state response to the most aggressive state response at three different points of the pandemic. Using this methodology, we test the impact of the aggressiveness of each state governments’ response with the resulting economic impact within that State. Namely, we examine how this level of response affected each State’s unemployment rate, gross domestic product growth, and taxable …

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Fact Or Fiction?: (Mis)Representations Of Crime, Race, And Gender In Popular True Crime Podcasts, Lauren E. Frederick May 2022

Fact Or Fiction?: (Mis)Representations Of Crime, Race, And Gender In Popular True Crime Podcasts, Lauren E. Frederick

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Storytelling has long been used to socialize future generations. As a form of storytelling, podcasting has rapidly expanded through the true crime genre. Existing literature on such podcasts is limited by its focus on listeners and conceptual definition of “true crime.” This study applied content analysis to 10 randomly selected true crime podcast episodes from 2012-2021, which were inductively coded and analyzed using critical race theory and feminist theory. Findings indicate podcasters applied stereotypical tropes of race and gender to perpetrators and victims, which do not always reflect demographics in crime statistics. Specifically, women were at times victimized as well …

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#Notallmen And #Metoo: Investigating Perceptions Of Masculine Victimhood And Constructions Of Masculinity In The #Metoo Era, Caitlin Segraves May 2022

#Notallmen And #Metoo: Investigating Perceptions Of Masculine Victimhood And Constructions Of Masculinity In The #Metoo Era, Caitlin Segraves

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Twitter users all over the world use the hashtag, #MeToo, to show support, solidarity, and to share their own stories of sexual harassment and/or violence. #MeToo, a movement created by Tarana Burke and promoted by Alyssa Milano’s use of the hashtag reignited a global conversation about the prominence of sexual violence in women’s lives, a topic of discussion in prior feminist movements, as well. #MeToo has brought about a renewed interest in addressing sexual violence and rape culture in the U.S. and abroad. In response to growing reports of sexual violence, men’s rights activists have voiced an increased concern for …

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Redpilling Normies: An Ethnography Of Alt-Right 4chan Discourse, Emily Marie Paff May 2022

Redpilling Normies: An Ethnography Of Alt-Right 4chan Discourse, Emily Marie Paff

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The alt-right is an ever-growing presence in American society yet little is known about their strategies for political organizing and engaging and growing their following. Through the popularization of the internet, individuals' ability to access far-right ideology and form communities around it has become increasingly easy. While there have been many attempts to limit alt-right rhetoric online, no such attempts have been made on 4chan.org. That paired with the level of anonymity present on the platform has allowed alt-right rhetoric to flourish with no repercussions. This project takes an ethnographic approach to examine redpill discourse on 4chan’s /pol/ board to …

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A Limited Look At The Educational Experiences Of Black Stem Professionals From The Butler Community And Beyond, Victoria Ann Templin May 2022

A Limited Look At The Educational Experiences Of Black Stem Professionals From The Butler Community And Beyond, Victoria Ann Templin

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

This project looks at the STEM educational experiences of Black professionals from both the Butler community and outside of it. It focuses on the perspectives of five individuals (three Butler graduates and two non-Butler graduates) interviewed via Zoom and analyzes how their experiences compare to those of other Black STEM professionals across the nation. After completing the interviews and conducting thorough background research, all data was examined. It was found that what was discussed during the interviews paralleled what was discovered in the research, such as the importance of mentors and broadening the image of what a scientist looks like. …

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A Survey To Determine The Relationship Between Health Literacy And Vaccine Hesitancy In College Students At Butler University, Lindsey Schreiber May 2022

A Survey To Determine The Relationship Between Health Literacy And Vaccine Hesitancy In College Students At Butler University, Lindsey Schreiber

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The prolonged pandemic has proven the need for vaccines to protect the public against COVID-19. The goal of immunity across populations has been hindered by vaccine refusal and vaccine hesitancy. Finding the root of this hesitancy could be critical in increasing vaccination, which is needed to alleviate the strain that Coronavirus has had on the world. A Qualtrics skip logic survey was created that collected demographic information, vaccine status, vaccine influences, vaccine concerns, and The Newest Vital Sign, a health literacy assessment. The purpose of this study was to find a relationship between health literacy and vaccine hesitancy in order …

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What We Need: A Poetic Study In Struggle And Self-Healing, Grace Anne Calabria May 2022

What We Need: A Poetic Study In Struggle And Self-Healing, Grace Anne Calabria

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

In many ways, this thesis examines the eternal, repetitive inevitabilities of life. In a collection of poems, these inevitabilities are examined through the eyes of an observant and omniscient narrator: a girl, long in love with a boy, facing the struggles and rewards of learning to be alone in various ways after the 2020 pandemic. Because this thesis provides an examination of struggles and self-healing alongside its creative centerpiece of the collection, the poems are accompanied by a compilation of memoiristic reflections. This thesis contributes to conversations of mental health, love, growth, and finding legitimacy and value in creative work, …

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Religious And Cultural Considerations In Nigeria Regarding The Low Vaccination Rates For The Oral Polio Vaccine, Allison Luann Welz May 2022

Religious And Cultural Considerations In Nigeria Regarding The Low Vaccination Rates For The Oral Polio Vaccine, Allison Luann Welz

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

When the polio vaccine was developed in the 1950s, the healthcare field saw the eradication of polio happening by the turn of the 21st century. However, in 2022 there are still countries with endemic strains of polio, with Nigeria only recently being taken off of this list in 2020. This paper focuses on synthesizing research about the initial oral polio vaccine (OPV) efforts in 2002 Nigeria to improved efforts in the 2010s. Nigeria is widely known for boycotting the vaccine and implementing extensive educational programming attempts to remedy the situation. By looking at various cultural and religious factors that caused …

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Comparison Of Injuries To The Anterior Cruciate Ligament In Male Soccer And Football Athletes And The Effect Of Varying Rehabilitation On Recovery Time, Matthew Moraw May 2022

Comparison Of Injuries To The Anterior Cruciate Ligament In Male Soccer And Football Athletes And The Effect Of Varying Rehabilitation On Recovery Time, Matthew Moraw

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Injuries are commonplace when a sport involves high levels of physical contact and quick movements. Athletes often strain or tear muscles and sprain ligaments when they are putting above normal levels of stress on the connection points through their explosive motions and high force collisions. Two sports where this is particularly common are soccer and football. Due to the high levels of running and cutting in both sports, lower body injuries, particularly to the knee are some of the most common injuries that occur. The purpose of this study was to take a retrospective look at ACL tears in college …

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The Racial Disparities In The Foster Care System As Explained By Professionals Working Within The System, Vanessa Wilson May 2022

The Racial Disparities In The Foster Care System As Explained By Professionals Working Within The System, Vanessa Wilson

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Systemic racism leads to Black people being overrepresented in sectors of life such as poverty, homelessness, and incarceration. However, because of this same systemic racism, Black children in the United States are subjected to disadvantages in many aspects of life— one of which is foster care. Children raced as Black are two and a half times more likely than white children to be reported to Child Protective Services resulting in them entering the foster care system twice as often as white children (Miller, Cahn, and Orellana 2012). While past studies have examined the number of children in foster care that …

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From Madness To Medicine: How Nazi Medical Experimentation Morphed Into Today’S Medical Field, Alexandria Daughn Kerby May 2022

From Madness To Medicine: How Nazi Medical Experimentation Morphed Into Today’S Medical Field, Alexandria Daughn Kerby

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

It is no secret that many of our current scientific and medical advancements stem from a long history of research, trials, and experimentation, but not enough is known about the origins of our routine practices. The Holocaust enabled Nazi doctors to explore countless victims in search of the ultimate answer to the Jewish question. The answer: to alleviate the burden that those deemed “unworthy of life” placed on the greater society. The mass extermination practices which highlight the atrocities of the Holocaust are the end result of constant scientific developments disguised as medicine. Tiergarten 4 (T4) serves as the beginning …

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Investigation Into The Responses Of Physcomitrella Patens To Herbivory And The Influence Of Light On The Production Of Defense Compounds, Matthew Morris May 2022

Investigation Into The Responses Of Physcomitrella Patens To Herbivory And The Influence Of Light On The Production Of Defense Compounds, Matthew Morris

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Plant defense mechanisms are well studied in many agriculturally relevant crops such as corn and tomatoes. Though less studied, the more ancestral nonvascular plants may be able to provide insights into the origin and working of modern plant defense systems. In this study, the bryophyte Physcomitrella patens was researched and the role of the jasmonic acid pathway in response to herbivory was investigated. Additionally, the impact of light intensity on the efficacy of this pathway was to be determined. After exposing the moss to various chemical elicitors and mechanical wounding, the activity of proteins produced in the JA pathway was …

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Consumer Perceptions Of Cause-Related Marketing: A Comparison Of India And The United States, Kyle Palmer May 2022

Consumer Perceptions Of Cause-Related Marketing: A Comparison Of India And The United States, Kyle Palmer

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The purpose of this study is to analyze consumer perceptions of Cause-Related marketing, as well as perceived level of mercenary intent and the impact of brand/cause fit. Level of mercenary intent is the degree to which consumers believe a company is engaging in Cause-Related Marketing in order to help themselves, or to help the cause. The level of brand/cause fit is the amount of alignment between a company and the cause they are choosing to support. This is a cross cultural study, and the impact of culture will be analyzed between participants from the United States and from India. College …

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The Influence Of Improv Experience On Uncertainty Tolerance, Social Anxiety, And Communication In Adolescents On The Autism Spectrum, Kathryn K. Desbiens May 2022

The Influence Of Improv Experience On Uncertainty Tolerance, Social Anxiety, And Communication In Adolescents On The Autism Spectrum, Kathryn K. Desbiens

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

This study examined the influence of an improvisational theater experience on perceptions of social anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty (IU), and quality of communication life in autistic adolescents. Seven participants were recruited from Indiana University’s Camp Yes And, a virtual day camp specializing in teaching improv strategies to autistic adolescents. Participants completed three scales measuring social anxiety, IU, and quality of communication life via surveys sent prior to and after attending the camp. It was hypothesized that levels of social anxiety and IU would decrease while quality of communication life would increase. Results indicated that pre- and post-test survey responses showed …

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Federal Funding For The Arts & Developmental Success In Western Nations, Sophia Ciokajlo May 2022

Federal Funding For The Arts & Developmental Success In Western Nations, Sophia Ciokajlo

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Culture is undeniably a vital part of any society. To preserve and develop their culture, a majority of modern states allocate some part of their annual expenditure to the arts. The amount of money and system through which it is distributed varies from country to country, but the principle remains the same. Not only do countries value the contribution of culture to their common well-being, but it is also widely accepted that participation in the arts, as a performer or viewer, holds benefit for the individual. All of this considered, I sought to investigate whether or not the size of …

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Hispanic Hoosiers: Ethnonym Use Among The Hispanic Population In The Midwest, Ericela Yetlanezi Sahagun May 2022

Hispanic Hoosiers: Ethnonym Use Among The Hispanic Population In The Midwest, Ericela Yetlanezi Sahagun

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

This study expands on previous research on one dimension of ethnic identity construction within the Hispanic community by considering ethnonym usage. A majority of the research on Hispanic identity in the U.S. has been conducted in the western region of the country. However, regional differences with varying concentrations of Hispanic populations can have a huge impact on ethnic identity and by extension, ethnonym adoption and usage. For many, ethnonyms are symbols of who a person is, how they perceive themselves, and how they want the world to perceive them. Previous studies have acknowledged the relationship between ethnic identity and ethnonym …

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Analysis Of Indianapolis Waterways For Evidence Of Eutrophication And Contamination Induced By Urban Pollution, Kiley Grace Wardwell May 2022

Analysis Of Indianapolis Waterways For Evidence Of Eutrophication And Contamination Induced By Urban Pollution, Kiley Grace Wardwell

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The focus of my research will be largely focused on the water quality of the White River throughout Indianapolis. I will be testing water samples from five different points along the White River to analyze three of its contents, assessing the differing levels of pollution along different points progressing down the river and through the city. The locations I have chosen to test coincide with water gauge sites along the White River and are as follows: Logan Street in Noblesville, 82nd Street, Broad Ripple Dam, Michigan Road and Raymond Street. The surface water at these five locations will be tested …

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Functional Movement Screen And Its Link To Sports Injury In Butler University Division I Student Athletes, Sarah Dickinson May 2022

Functional Movement Screen And Its Link To Sports Injury In Butler University Division I Student Athletes, Sarah Dickinson

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is a physical assessment made up of seven fundamental movements which are designed to evaluate an individual’s functional movement patterns. The seven subtests target mobility and stability to identify limitations or asymmetries in normal movement (O’Conner et al., 2011). It is suspected that individuals who continue to use substandard movements during training are more susceptible to musculoskeletal injury (Chorba et al., 2010). In this study, FMS data from Butler University’s Division I men’s and women’s basketball, soccer, and cross-country teams were analyzed to investigate potential correlation with injury prevalence, sports team, and gender. Research from …

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Agricultural Practices And Nitrogen Cycling Microbes: The Impact Of Sustainable Farming Practices On Nutrient Movement In Indianapolis Urban Farms, Margaret Davis May 2022

Agricultural Practices And Nitrogen Cycling Microbes: The Impact Of Sustainable Farming Practices On Nutrient Movement In Indianapolis Urban Farms, Margaret Davis

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

As population movement to urban centers and decreased availability of fresh foods becomes more common, the prevalence of food deserts is becoming far greater. Urban farming can potentially help address these issues by bringing healthy and fresh food sources directly to these areas that lack access to quality food. Urban farming is reliant on the implementation of sustainable practices, like the use of cover crops, to increase the amount of nutrients that are accessible to plants from the soil. Nitrogen is a vital nutrient but cannot be readily produced by plants, so it must be obtained by either an external …

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Bird's Eye View: The Construction Of Identity And Community On Social Media Among Cirque Du Soleil Performers, Katrina L. Sandefer May 2022

Bird's Eye View: The Construction Of Identity And Community On Social Media Among Cirque Du Soleil Performers, Katrina L. Sandefer

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Although the circus has been around for hundreds of years, it is still a large part of the entertainment industry that draws substantial crowds and interest. Cirque du Soleil— a Québécois contemporary circus— attracts a lot of attention because of its aerial and acrobatic performances. Fans can experience the circus in person at a performance, but they can also interact online by watching performers on social media. TikTok— a social media platform where creators share videos up to three minutes in length— is a great place for Cirque du Soleil performers to gain a new audience and interact with their …

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Racial Implicit Bias In Healthcare: Physicians’ Expectations Of Black Vs. White Patients’ Health Insurance, Brianna M. Avery May 2022

Racial Implicit Bias In Healthcare: Physicians’ Expectations Of Black Vs. White Patients’ Health Insurance, Brianna M. Avery

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Systemic racism is affecting all sorts of systems in America, specifically the healthcare system. When it comes to racial implicit bias in healthcare, it could involve race, gender, weight, education, and more. Depending on how qualities of patients affect the physician subconsciously, this could affect the quality of care a patient receives. An understudied area of bias in the healthcare system involves how a patient’s race and health insurance affects physician implicit bias. In this study, we examined whether a patient’s race would influence whether the physician thought the patient would pay with either private insurance or Medicaid. We found …

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Identifying How Home Advantage Manifests In Butler Basketball Using Sfa, Emily M. Shoemaker May 2022

Identifying How Home Advantage Manifests In Butler Basketball Using Sfa, Emily M. Shoemaker

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Butler University’s basketball team has been in the Big East Conference since 2013 and is known for having a distinct home court advantage named ‘Hinkle Magic’ by fans. It is of interest to identify how home court advantage affects a Big East team’s ability to play to its full potential for generating wins and what factors are most accurate in measuring this potential. This project will utilize the Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA) model to identify a team’s efficiency when playing at home vs. away in order to identify when teams meet their potential and if game location has an effect …

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Size Regulation Within The Germline Of The Developing Egg Chamber, Zoe Gladd Herdman May 2022

Size Regulation Within The Germline Of The Developing Egg Chamber, Zoe Gladd Herdman

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The relationship between the size of a cell and the size of its intracellular structures must be precisely regulated for proper development and functioning of the mature organism; however, the mechanisms that establish and maintain this relationship are not known. Much of the work on organelle size scaling has focused on individual cells or organelles, with some looking at how size scaling is maintained during development. However, it is not known whether the size of multiple organelles is coordinately regulated, and how cell size and organelle size are regulated within a syncytium or group of connected cells. Because many cell …

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Look To Your Own: Human Limits And The Danger Of Overambition In Herodotus’ Histories, Alex Christopher Brinkman May 2022

Look To Your Own: Human Limits And The Danger Of Overambition In Herodotus’ Histories, Alex Christopher Brinkman

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The final clause of the proem to Herodotus’ Histories promises that the work to come will, among other things, set out “the reason for which [the Greeks and the Persians] fought against one another” (δι᾽ ἣν αἰτίην ἐπολέμησαν ἀλλήλοισι), a story which will be told through the gradual expansion of the Persian empire, its encounters with foreign lands and their peoples, and its eventual conflict with the Greek states. Throughout this narrative, a key theme becomes that of the rise and fall of arrogant kings who, driven by past successes and overconfidence in the course of future events, go a …

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Investigating Instagram Marketing Strategies For Nonprofit Donor Engagement During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Annabella Cobos May 2022

Investigating Instagram Marketing Strategies For Nonprofit Donor Engagement During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Annabella Cobos

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The implications of the COVID-19 pandemic have led to a profound shift in various industries around the world, the non-profit industry being one of them. In this research the author virtually interviewed four participants with experience in marketing from three non-profit organizations to determine what strategic components of Instagram marketing worked best to influence donations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The changed marketing strategies in the nonprofit industry are the result of changed donor behavior. The results from the interview findings reveal two Instagram marketing strategies were successfully adapted to influence donations during the pandemic: focusing on authentic media to increase …

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Studying Extended Sets From Young Tableaux, Eric S. Nofziger May 2022

Studying Extended Sets From Young Tableaux, Eric S. Nofziger

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Young tableaux are combinatorial objects related to the partitions of an integer that have various applications in representation theory. These tableaux are defined as a left-justified set of n boxes filled with the numbers 1 through n and organized in rows, with the length of each row corresponding to a summand in the partition. In recent work of Graham–Precup–Russell, an association has been made between a given row-strict tableau and three disjoint subsets I, J, and K, also called extended sets. In this project, we begin to classify which extended sets correlate to a valid row-strict or standard tableau. We …

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From Serbia To Xinjiang; A Comparative Analysis Of Genocidal Regimes, Drake Mitchell Olson May 2022

From Serbia To Xinjiang; A Comparative Analysis Of Genocidal Regimes, Drake Mitchell Olson

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Rather than seeking to give a causal explanation of genocide and ethnic cleansing, I ask the more pointed question “are there patterns present at the societal level that signal the potentiality of genocide in a given cultural context?” Through examination of two socially and temporally distinct instances of genocide, the Bosnian genocide and the Uyghur genocide, I argue that there exist certain patterns which precede historical instances of genocide and that these antecedent phenomena contribute to the potential for genocide in those societies. I identify three broad trends that contribute to the potential of genocide: the cultivation of ethnic nationalism …

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A Narrative-Based Comparative Analysis Of College Experiences Among Racial And Ethnic Minority And Majority Students, Camryn Ellison May 2022

A Narrative-Based Comparative Analysis Of College Experiences Among Racial And Ethnic Minority And Majority Students, Camryn Ellison

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The goal of this paper is to analyze student stories and discourse around race on Butler’s campus in order to create greater empathy and understanding of the experiences of students of color, foster conversations about race among students, and lead to greater racial allyship at Butler University.

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