Digital Commons Network^™

Ethics And Governance Of General Models: Challenges And Countermeasures, Yan Teng, Guoyu Wang, Yingchun Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In recent years, the general model is one of the most important development trends of artificial intelligence. With the rapidly increasing research and deployment of general models, the social and ethical effects of general models have received extensive attention. Grounded in the characteristics of general models, this article analyzes the potential ethical challenges of the models at three levels:algorithm, data, and computing power. The detailed challenges include uncertainty, truthfulness, reliability, bias, toxicity, fairness, privacy, and environmental issues. Also, through the lens of philosophy of technology, it elaborates the important reasons for the ethical challenges:the "mirroring" effect and transparency problem caused …

How To Attract, Recruit And Retain Talents?—Experience And Inspiration From National Research Institutes Worldwide, Tianyu Li, Ke Wen, Haigang Huang, Dingyi You

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Using the competitive advantages of major scientific plans and strategic innovation platforms to attract, recruit and motivate a large number of high-level scientific and technological talents is the basic experience of the world talent center and innovation highland construction. The research takes the national scientific research institutions of the United States, Germany, France, and Japan as examples, and focuses on analyzing their role in the accumulation, circulation, and motivation of global talents. The research suggests that China's national scientific research institutions should increase the ability to attract and gather international talents, optimize the talent structure that balances stability and mobility, …

International Strategy Of Man And The Biosphere Programme Of Germany And Its Implications To China, Yijie Xian, Yan Zhuang, Qunli Han, Ding Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Since mid-1990s, Germany has developed the UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) together with its biosphere reserves into a pathway of enhancing the nation's role in global governance. Measures took by Germany include:clarifying the national position in the globalization of German MAB, including putting more emphasis on partnership development, highlighting the effectiveness of development assistance, and ensuring the clearance and feasibility of action plan; collecting resources from foreign affairs, finance, intellectual, technology, etc., by multi-federal sector collaborative mechanism, to support the development of biosphere reserves of other countries; thinking globally and taking priority over Africa region. The example indicated …

Global Technology Of Ocean Carbon Sequestration Based On Patent Analysis, Tianyue Peng, Dehao Tang, Liqiang Liu, Bing Han, Benduo Zhu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The ocean is the largest and most active carbon reservoir in the world. Through ocean-atmosphere exchange and the photosynthesis of marine plants, the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) by the ocean is much greater than that by soil and vegetation on terrestrial areas. This is essential to mitigate and ameliorate today's global warming which is caused by rising atmospheric CO2 concentration. Therefore, to achieve the goal of "carbon neutrality" around the country, it is an effective approach to sequester CO2 in the ocean. This paper summarizes the technical application scope and methods of ocean carbon sequestration. By analyzing correlative patents …

Policy Overview (July—August, 2022)

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

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Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

Cover 3

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

Executive Committee - Minutes, 9/20/2022, Academic Senate

Academic Senate Minutes

No abstract provided.

Constructing Supportive Institutional System To Attract Social Investments To Fund Scientific Research, Ying Wang, Jialing Lyu, Yingming Li, Wei Xue

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Innovation always originates from scientific research (basic research and applied research). Investing in scientific research can create new products and new industries, and bring continuous and huge profit. It appeals to a wide range of social investment from market to fund scientific research in recent years. Such economical return, however, is often thwarted by the high risk and uncertainty of scientific research. The main obstacle to the social investments funding scientific research is analyzed in this paper and then some examples are presented as well. It illustrates that it is crucial for public policy to shorten the gap between the …

Research On Strategic Transformation Of Consumer Goods Standardization For The New Development Stage, Shengnan Ma, Xuhua Wang, Ximin Sun, Yanbing Du, Ling Yan, Yi Sun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Small products and large integration of consumer goods is a tangible carrier reflecting a country's innovation capacity, manufacturing capacity and international competitiveness, and a physical embodiment of meeting people's needs for a better life. The marketization of China's consumer goods industry developed early and has played a leading role in stimulating the domestic cycle and promoting the international cycle for a long time. The standardization of consumer goods and industrial practice have been coordinating with each other and making mutual adaptations from the beginning, and have gone through the stages from scratch, to fast development and to sound development. This …

Discussion On Approaches To Improving Soybean Supply Capacity In China, Feng Feng, Zhinan Zhang, Yongzhe Gu, Junpeng He, Zhixi Tian

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Soybean is one of the most important crops for food and oil. The soybean demand has been increased in recent years in China. Since China has limited soybean production capacity, it has been importing increasing amount of soybean from abroad. It is a critical topic for China to develop the soybean production and expand the import channels to ensure food security. Based on the soybean demand-supply situation from 2011 to 2020, this paper discussed the problems including severely insufficient domestic production and supply, high level of reliance on international supply, and limited import channels. It put forward suggestions on approaches …

Exploring Selection And Cultivation Of China’S Top Innovative Talents: Multi-Case Evidence-Based Research On Educational Practice, Yonghe Zheng, Xuanyang Yang, Yong Xie, Jingying Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The cultivation of top innovative talents has been widely concerned. China has carried out many useful practices in this field, especially at the higher education level, which has formed various distinctive talent cultivation models. This study summarizes and analyzes the experience of selecting and cultivating talents in the Special Class for the Gifted Young at the University of Science and Technology of China, the juvenile class of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yuanpei College of Peking University, Tsien Excellence in Education Program of Tsinghua University, and Xinstitute of Shenzhen. It concludes that the cultivation of top innovative talents in China emphasizes characteristics …

Theoretical Thinking Of Artificial Ecosystem For Modern Marine Ranching, Dewen Ding, Anning Suo

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Based on the systematic review of the conceptual evolution process of marine ranching and its development of practice, this paper pointed out the problems existing in the construction of marine ranching in China, such as lack of theoretical support, lack of ecological engineering technologies, and lack of ecological management. It then proposed the concept of marine ranching artificial ecosystem. In addition, the paper analyzed the structural principle of marine ranching artificial ecosystem from the viewpoint of cultivating key functional communities and habitat construction for the marine ranch fishery resources. Finally, the paper discussed the theoretical framework of the modern marine …

Think Tank Science And Engineering: Construction Of New High-End Think Tank Starts From Specialization And Scientifization To Disciplinization—Interview With Professor Pan Jiaofeng, Editorial Office Bulletin Of Chinese Academy Of Sciences

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

2022 Issue 9 Content

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

Ceballos V. Np Palace, Llc, 138 Nev. Adv. Op. 58 (August. 11, 2022), Lindsay Reynolds

Nevada Supreme Court Summaries

NRS 613.333 creates a private right of action in favor of an employee discharged from employment for engaging in the lawful use in this state of any product outside the employer’s premises during the employee’s nonworking hours. Although marijuana is legal in Nevada, because federal law criminalizes marijuana in Nevada, its use is not “lawful . . . in this state” and, therefore, does not provide for a private right of action. Further, an employee discharged for testing positive for recreational marijuana at work does not have a common-law tortious discharge claim under NRS 678D.510(1)(a).

Rethinking Ethical Questions In Life-History Interview Research, Anne Rothe

The Qualitative Report

Having interviewed Germans who emigrated to Israel and, in most cases, converted to Judaism, I experienced a paralyzing sense of ethical conflict when I began analyzing the first order discourse my participants and I had co-constructed to transform it into the second-order discourse of research publications. So, I set out to rethink the ethics of life-history interview research. My quest into our ethical responsibilities began with rule-based deontological and consequentialist ethics and the guidelines in the social sciences they inform. It led me to reconsider such core notions as informed consent, privacy, and risk-benefit analysis. I came to realize that …

Morton-Ordered Gpu Lattice Boltzmann Cfd Simulations With Application To Blood Flow, Gerald Gallagher, Fergal J. Boyle

Conference Papers

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is routinely used for numerically predicting cardiovascular-system medical device fluid flows. Most CFD simulations ignore the suspended cellular phases of blood due to computational constraints, which negatively affects simulation accuracy. A graphics processing unit (GPU) lattice Boltzmann-immersed boundary (LB-IB) CFD software package capable of accurately modelling blood flow is in development by the authors, focusing on the behaviour of plasma and stomatocyte, discocyte and echinocyte red blood cells during flow. Optimised memory ordering and layout schemes yield significant efficiency improvements for LB GPU simulations. In this work, comparisons of row-major-ordered Structure of Arrays (SoA) and Collected …

Tracking Health Behaviors In People With Multiple Sclerosis (Trac-Ms): Study Protocol And Description Of The Study Sample., Ruchika S Prakash, Heena R Manglani, Elizabeth J Duraney, Anita Shankar, Megan E Fisher, Alisha Janssen, Lauren Cea, Rick Petosa, Rebecca Andridge, Jacqueline Nicholas

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

INTRODUCTION: People with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) experience a range of physical, cognitive, and affective symptoms. Behavioral interventions targeting increased physical activity show promising support as low-cost methods to improve working memory, episodic memory, and processing speed in PwMS. In this randomized controlled trial, we will examine the efficacy of a pedometer-tracking intervention, designed to increase low-to-moderate levels of physical activity, for improving working memory in PwMS.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Eighty-seven PwMS, between the ages of 30-59, have been recruited for the study. Seventy-five of the eligible and interested individuals were randomized to six-month health behavior monitoring groups: a Step-track group …

Can The Big Five Of Publishing Become The Big Four?, Olivia Nacionales

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal (AELJ) Blog

On March 4, 2020, ViacomCBS announced its intention to sell its book-publishing subsidiary, Simon & Schuster. This announcement came less than a year after the merger between Viacom and CBS. Since the 2019 merger, ViacomCBS decided to focus on television and video and began selling its smaller companies that do not have a “significant connection for [its] broader business.” Prior to the announcement to buy Simon & Schuster, ViacomCBS had received “unsolicited inbound calls” regarding the sale of the book publishing company.

This post was originally published on the Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal website on September 20, 2022. …

Anticipating The New “Green Guides”: Ftc Promises Review Of Environmental Marketing Guidance, Frances Bandas

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal (AELJ) Blog

The Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) is poised to review its “Green Guides,” a series of guidelines issued to help marketers make nondeceptive environmental claims that comply with federal regulations. Guidance is supplied for claims about a product or its packaging, claims made in connection with a sale or service, and all forms of marketing claims.

This post was originally published on the Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal website on September 20, 2022. The original post can be accessed via the Archived Link button above.

Whole-Tree Harvest Effects On Macronutrients In An Oak-Dominated System After Seven Years, Robert Richard, Evan Kane, Dustin Bronson, Randall Kolka

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

This study assesses the impacts of whole-tree harvesting (WTH) versus stem-only harvest (SOH) on two oak-dominated stands located in Northern Wisconsin. Specifically, our study follows up on an experiment designed to better understand the impacts of WTH and whether stands are at risk of long-term nutrient losses, which could contribute to declines in productivity. The original study assessed: (i) full biomass removal (referred to as WTH), (ii) partial biomass removal (removal to 5 cm diameter bole), (iii) a traditional SOH (removal to 10 cm bole), and (iv) no harvest (control). Our data were collected 93 months after harvest and showed …

Local Agency And Development Trajectories In A Rural Region, Deanna Hutchinson, Robyn Eversole

Faculty Journal Articles

Employing a theoretical lens from the anthropology of development, this paper takes an actor-oriented approach to understand the socio-cultural context of regional path development in a peripheral rural region and the role of local agency, drawing on a qualitative case study of the Cradle Coast region of Tasmania, Australia. Findings demonstrate the value of bottom-up attention to the logics of regional actors to understand regional development trajectories and the emergence of new economic paths. Analysing the regional development logics and actions of local actors in particular contexts can reveal the mechanisms through which regions create new paths or reinforce old …

Invasive Group A Streptococcal Penicillin Binding Protein 2× Variants Associated With Reduced Susceptibility To Β-Lactam Antibiotics In The United States, 2015-2021, Theresa Tran, Yuan Li, Lesley Mcgee, Bernard Beall

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

All known group A streptococci [GAS] are susceptible to β-lactam antibiotics. We recently identified an invasive GAS (iGAS) variant (emm43.4/PBP2x-T553K) with unusually high minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for ampicillin and amoxicillin, although clinically susceptible to β-lactams. We aimed to quantitate PBP2x variants, small changes in β-lactam MICs, and lineages within contemporary population-based iGAS. PBP2x substitutions were comprehensively identified among 13,727 iGAS recovered during 2015-2021, in the USA. Isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing employing low range agar diffusion and PBP2x variants were subjected to phylogenetic analyses. Fifty-five variants were defined based upon substitutions within an assigned PBP2x …

College Of Business News, Georgia Southern University

College of Business: News & Publications

• Finance Alum Addresses FA and SIA Members

The George-Anne Daily, Georgia Southern University

George-Anne Media Group: Newsletters & Magazines

No abstract provided.

A Reflection Of Canadian Society? An Analysis Of Federal Appointments To Provincial Superior Courts By The Liberal Government Of Justin Trudeau, Erin Crandall

Dalhousie Law Journal

Recent reforms to Canada’s system of federal judicial appointments have sought to make the process more transparent and better able to produce a bench reflective of the society it serves. This paper reviews these reforms and using judicial appointment data (2016–2020), considers whether the Liberal government has met these objectives. The relationship between official bilingualism and representation on the bench is also considered. The paper finds that “diversity” on Canada’s federally appointed provincial courts remains unbalanced. While women have made up the majority of appointments since the Trudeau Liberals formed government in 2015, other equity-deserving groups, like people of colour …

Impact Of Cardiac Disorders On Renal Function Tests And Serum Electrolytes In Sudanese Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction, Abuagla M. Dafalla, Leena A. Dafalla

Muthanna Medical Journal

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most serious clinical manifestation of coronary artery disease leading to irreversible heart necrosis due to prolonged ischemia. From being an illness prevalent predominantly in developed countries, AMI is now becoming increasingly more common in developing countries. The study aims to estimate renal function test and serum electrolytes in acute myocardial infarction patients to reflect the effect of AMI on renal function. Case control study conducted at Cardiac center, Wad Medani, Gezira State, from September 2017 to February 2021. A total of three hundred and forty blood samples were collected, one hundred and seventy from …

Empowering Responsible And Sustainability-Aware Business Graduates Through Digital Authentic Assessment, Lucia Walsh, Olivia Freeman, Alacoque Mcalpine, Cormac H. Macmahon

Conference papers

Business schools must engage in fundamental change to retain their legitimacy and position themselves as providers of solutions to urgent economic, social and environmental crises. Achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has emerged as a megatrend and business education must enhance graduate skills to contribute to their achievement. The world requires the next generation of graduates to become responsible business leaders who will address wicked sustainability problems. Hence, we need pedagogy that enables students to become sustainability literate and thus develop appropriate knowledge, skills and mindsets.

Authentic assessment provides transformative learning opportunities that empower students to achieve meaningful …

Comments For The Draft Final Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, 2021 Unreclaimed Sites Sampling Ur-39 Site Evaluation Summary Report (June 15, 2022), Nikia Greene

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.