Digital Commons Network^™

An Ultra-Brief Screening Scale For Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: The Oci-Cv-5, Amitai Abramovitch, Jonathan S Abramowitz, Dean Mckay, Heining Cham, Kennedy S Anderson, Lara J Farrell, Daniel A Geller, Gregory L Hanna, Sharna Mathieu, Joseph F Mcguire, David R Rosenberg, S Evelyn Stewart, Eric A Storch, Sabine Wilhelm

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an often disabling and chronic condition that is normally assessed using diagnostic interviews or lengthy self-report questionnaires. This makes routine screening in general health settings impractical, and as a result OCD is often under-(or mis-)recognized. The present study reports on the development of an ultra-brief version of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Child Version (OCI-CV) which may be administered routinely as a screener for pediatric OCD.

Method: A total of 489 youth diagnosed with OCD, 259 non-clinical controls, and 299 youth with other disorders completed the OCI-CV and other indices of psychopathology. Using item analyses, we extracted five …

High Prevalence Of Osteopathy In Chronic Pancreatitis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From The Proceed Study, Phil A Hart, Dhiraj Yadav, Liang Li, Savi Appana, William Fisher, Evan Fogel, Chris E Forsmark, Walter G Park, Stephen Pandol, Mark D Topazian, Stephen K Van Den Eden, Santhi Swaroop Vege, David Bradley, Jose Serrano, Darwin L Conwell

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background & aims: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is associated with osteopathy (osteoporosis or osteopenia). However, existing literature is mostly limited to retrospective or administrative studies that have not clearly defined the prevalence and risk factors. Our aim was to identify patient- and disease-related associations with osteopathy in a prospective cohort study of CP.

Methods: We studied 282 subjects with definitive CP enrolled in the PROCEED study who had a baseline dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were defined using the lowest T-scores. Clinical data were collected using standardized case report forms. Comparisons were performed with a multivariate logistic regression …

Rates Of Laboratory Adverse Events By Course In Paediatric Leukaemia Ascertained With Automated Electronic Health Record Extraction: A Retrospective Cohort Study From The Children’S Oncology Group, Tamara P Miller, Kelly D Getz, Yimei Li, Biniyam G Demissei, Peter C Adamson, Todd A Alonzo, Evanette Burrows, Lusha Cao, Sharon M Castellino, Marla H Daves, Brian T Fisher, Robert Gerbing, Robert W Grundmeier, Edward M Krause, Judy Lee, Philip J Lupo, Karen R Rabin, Mark Ramos, Michael E Scheurer, Jennifer J Wilkes, Lena E Winestone, Douglas S Hawkins, M Monica Gramatges, Richard Aplenc

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Adverse events are often misreported in clinical trials, leading to an incomplete understanding of toxicities. We aimed to test automated laboratory adverse event ascertainment and grading (via the ExtractEHR automated package) to assess its scalability and define adverse event rates for children with acute myeloid leukaemia and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Methods: For this retrospective cohort study from the Children's Oncology Group (COG), we included patients aged 0-22 years treated for acute myeloid leukaemia or acute lymphoblastic leukaemia at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (Atlanta, GA, USA) from Jan 1, 2010, to Nov 1, 2018, at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia …

Geography And Election Outcome Metric: An Introduction, Marion Campisi, Thomas Ratliff, Stephanie Somersille, Ellen Veomett

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

We introduce the Geography and Election Outcome (GEO) metric, a new method for identifying potential partisan gerrymanders. In contrast with currently popular methods, the GEO metric uses both geographic information about a districting plan as well as district-level partisan data, rather than just one or the other. We motivate and define the GEO metric, which gives a count (a non-negative integer) to each political party. The count indicates the number of previously lost districts which that party potentially could have had a 50% chance of winning, without risking any currently won districts, by making reasonable changes to the input map. …

Modeling Electrokinetic Flows With The Discrete Ion Stochastic Continuum Overdamped Solvent Algorithm, D. R. Ladiges, J. G. Wang, I. Srivastava, A. Nonaka, J. B. Bell, S. P. Carney, A. L. Garcia, A. Donev

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

In this article we develop an algorithm for the efficient simulation of electrolytes in the presence of physical boundaries. In previous work the discrete ion stochastic continuum overdamped solvent (DISCOS) algorithm was derived for triply periodic domains, and was validated through ion-ion pair correlation functions and Debye-Hückel-Onsager theory for conductivity, including the Wien effect for strong electric fields. In extending this approach to include an accurate treatment of physical boundaries we must address several important issues. First, the modifications to the spreading and interpolation operators necessary to incorporate interactions of the ions with the boundary are described. Next we discuss …

New Historians And The American Revolution: Are Their Interpretations Really That New?, Jeffrey Rogers Hummel

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

A new wave of progressive historians have not only challenged older accounts of the American Revolution but portrayed their interpretations as overturning an overwhelmingly dominant mainstream consensus or as revealing ignored but essential aspects of the revolution. These historians sometimes associate their own work with the New York Times’ controversial 1619 Project. In this article, I examine the writings of two such historians: William Hogeland and Woody Holton. In contrast to their popular articles, their purely scholarly works do not in fact support the sweeping factual claims of the 1619 Project. While both these historians have their own unique perspective, …

Understanding The Role Of Transportation In Combating Human Trafficking In California, Kezban Yagci Sokat

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Human trafficking, a form of modern slavery, is the recruitment, transport, transfer of persons using force, fraud or coercion to exploit them for act of labor or sex. According to the International Labor Organization, human trafficking is the fastest growing organized crime with approximately $150 billion in annual profits and 40.3 million individuals trapped in slave-like conditions. While it is not compulsory to involve transportation for human trafficking, the transportation industry plays a critical role in combating human trafficking as traffickers often rely the transportation system to recruit, move or transfer victims of human trafficking for either sex or forced …

Change During Cognitive And Exposure Phases Of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Autistic Youth With Anxiety Disorders, Andrew G Guzick, Sophie C Schneider, Philip C Kendall, Jeffrey J Wood, Connor M Kerns, Brent J Small, Ye Eun Park, Sandra L Cepeda, Eric A Storch

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Objective: To evaluate improvement during the (a) cognitive and (b) exposure therapy phases of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for autistic youth with anxiety disorders.

Method: Participants were 148 autistic youth (aged 7-13; 77% male; 64% White) with clinically significant anxiety who were randomized to standard or adapted CBT. Clinician-rated anxiety severity was recorded at each appointment. Trajectories of change during (a) the cognitive phase and (b) the exposure phase of treatment were analyzed using piecewise multilevel modeling.

Results: Compared to the psychoeducation and cognitive therapy phases, the exposure phase corresponded with significantly more rapid symptom reduction, b = -.11, 95% CI …

Multichannel Blind Deconvolution Of Circularly Polarized Imagery, Patrick B. Cunningham

Theses and Dissertations

Current methods can be used to recreate an expected Stokes polarization vector from measured light for characterization purposes. However, this only applies to three of the Stokes parameters, that is, the linear polarization components. Circular polarization is not currently being utilized for object characterization because the mathematical complexity is greater than for that of linear polarization. This research will analyze a way to expand existing algorithms to include circular polarization and enable the complete reconstruction of the Stokes vector from the measured light into a blind deconvolution algorithm for Stokes estimation and image reconstruction.

Additive Manufacturing Of Molybdenum For High Temperature Structural Applications, Megan L. Bustin

Theses and Dissertations

This research considered additive manufactured (AM) molybdenum (Mo) and the effect of three variables on microstructure, mechanical properties, and the relationship between the two. Test temperature, laser speed, and shield gas or build atmosphere were varied, and samples tested and analyzed using a three-point bending test, chemical composition, and optical and scanning electron microscopy. The relationship among variables and results using a Design of Experiments was limited compared to the inclusion of every tested sample. Most effects were expected: samples tested at room temperature were brittle without statistical significance; increasing laser speed resulted in decreased ductility and strain, smaller grain …

Evaluating Performance Competencies In The Royal Saudi Air Force Engineering Directorate And Squadrons, Faisal A. Al Dawood

Theses and Dissertations

The effectiveness of tasks performed by the directorate of aeronautical engineering and squadrons in RSAF directly impacts flight safety, which in turn influences the organization either positively or negatively. Therefore, improving engineers' competencies will improve the overall performance of the organization. The study refined and reconstructed a model, namely a T-shape competency model, to assess the engineers' competencies which revealed some management and competency-related deficiencies and concluded with managerial recommendations.

Development Of A Security-Focused Multi-Channel Communication Protocol And Associated Quality Of Secure Service (Qoss) Metrics, Paul M. Simon

Theses and Dissertations

The threat of eavesdropping, and the challenge of recognizing and correcting for corrupted or suppressed information in communication systems is a consistent challenge. Effectively managing protection mechanisms requires an ability to accurately gauge the likelihood or severity of a threat, and adapt the security features available in a system to mitigate the threat. This research focuses on the design and development of a security-focused communication protocol at the session-layer based on a re-prioritized communication architecture model and associated metrics. From a probabilistic model that considers data leakage and data corruption as surrogates for breaches of confidentiality and integrity, a set …

Analysis Of Graph Layout Algorithms For Use In Command And Control Network Graphs, Matthew R. Stone

Theses and Dissertations

This research is intended to determine which styles of layout algorithm are well suited to Command and Control (C2) network graphs to replace current manual layout methods. Manual methods are time intensive and an automated layout algorithm should decrease the time spent creating network graphs. Simulations on realistic synthetically generated graphs provide information to help infer which algorithms perform better than others on this problem. Data is generated using statistics drawn from multiple real world C2 network graphs. The three algorithms tested against this data are the Spectral algorithm, the Dot algorithm, and the Fruchterman-Reingold algorithm. The results include a …

Efficiency Quantification For Pulsed-Source Digital Holographic Wavefront Sensing, Steven A. Owens

Theses and Dissertations

The efficiencies of a digital holography (DH) system in the pulsed configuration and the off-axis image plane recording geometry are analyzed. First, the system efficiencies of an infrared-wavelength DH system in a homodyne-pulsed configuration are measured and compared to those of a visible-wavelength DH system in a homodyne-continuous-wave (CW) configuration. The total-system, excess-reference-noise, shot-noise-limit, and mixing efficiencies of the pulsed-source system were found to be consistent with those of the CW-source system. This indicated no new efficiencies were necessary to characterize pulsed-source systems when no temporal delay exists between the pulses. The consistency of efficiencies also showed infrared DH systems …

Root-Cause Analysis Of Rsaf Maintenance-Related Flight Safety Mishaps, Heaf H. Alqahtani

Theses and Dissertations

Poor maintenance is a major factor in many aviation mishaps. This is due to the fact that some maintenance activities are carried out improperly or overlooked as a result of human error. It is important to acknowledge that maintenance mistakes are a visible sign of deeper organizational issues. Therefore, adequate solutions to maintenance issues must consider organizational influences. Despite efforts to reduce the accident rate within the Royal Saudi Air Force (RSAF), the RSAF suffers from an increasing trend in mishaps attributed to maintenance. Therefore, safety data was analyzed to examine trends. Additionally, the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System …

A Case Study Of The Efficacy Of Model-Based Requests For Information, Kyle J. Arruda

Theses and Dissertations

The Department of Defense (DoD) has encouraged the transition to digital engineering, yet there are limited guides for how to transition and there is limited data to show where an organization like a program office can reap the most benefit from the transition. To identify areas where potential benefits may be realized, this thesis compares two Requests for Information (RFIs), one document-based and one model-based, from generation to response. A survey was developed and administered to 7 members of a single program office to grade the RFI responses. The survey was based on the 43 benefit categories identified in the …

Generative Methods, Meta-Learning, And Meta-Heuristics For Robust Cyber Defense, Marc W. Chalé

Theses and Dissertations

Cyberspace is the digital communications network that supports the internet of battlefield things (IoBT), the model by which defense-centric sensors, computers, actuators and humans are digitally connected. A secure IoBT infrastructure facilitates real time implementation of the observe, orient, decide, act (OODA) loop across distributed subsystems. Successful hacking efforts by cyber criminals and strategic adversaries suggest that cyber systems such as the IoBT are not secure. Three lines of effort demonstrate a path towards a more robust IoBT. First, a baseline data set of enterprise cyber network traffic was collected and modelled with generative methods allowing the generation of realistic, …

Definite Condition Of The Evolutionary (P)Over-Right-Arrow(X)-Laplacian Equation, Huashui Zhan, Zhaosheng Feng

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

For the nonlinear degenerate parabolic equations, how to find an appropriate boundary value condition to ensure the well-posedness of weak solution has been an interesting and challenging problem. In this paper, we develop the general characteristic function method to study the stability of weak solutions based on a partial boundary value condition.

Effects Of Video-Guided Group Vs. Solitary Meditation On Mindfulness And Social Connectivity: A Pilot Study, Deidre Krzanowski

All Publications

Interest in mindfulness meditation continues to grow as accumulating evidence suggests mindfulness training encourages more positive functioning. However, basic questions about the conditions best suited for realizing mindful states remain unanswered. Prominent among these is whether a group mindfulness practice setting is more effective for novice meditators than a solitary practice setting. Answering this question has assumed new urgency due to the imposition of physical distancing measures designed to stop the spread of COVID-19. In a time of limited social contact, is a simulated group practice setting better than practicing alone? This preliminary study investigated whether environmental setting impacted mindfulness …

A Practical Tool To Enhance Faculty And Student Interactions Surrounding E-Learning Platforms, Kimberly N. Williams, Alexandria K. Gombas, Claudia Cornejo Happel, Tracy C. Parodi, Elizabeth H. Lazzara, Barbara Chaparro

Publications

Learning management systems (LMS) are prevalent in modern day education, but their implementation is often highly diverse based on individual faculty and course needs. This can result in students falling behind in their schoolwork if they do not understand how faculty use the e-learning platform in specific courses, which may be further exacerbated when students are exposed to many different faculty using learning management systems in different ways at a single institution. The current research sought to create a practical tool to reduce the impact of diverse LMS implementation through the generation of a homepage template that could be customized …

Produce Safety Alliance Grower Training - Fall 2022, Extension

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Local Norms And Gifted/Talented Identification In Arkansas, Sarah C. Mckenzie, Josh B. Mcgee, Bich Tran, Kathryn Barnes, Charlene A. Reid

Policy Briefs

In this brief, we summarize recent research from OEP examining if using school- or district-level norms from state assessments would increase the racial and programmatic diversity of Arkansas students identified as Gifted and Talented (G/T). Using ten years of administrative data to analyze the outcomes of a local norms approach compared to the current G/T identification strategies, we find no consistent evidence that using a local norms approach for G/T identification would improve racial or programmatic diversity.

Everything I Know About The Bond Market I Learned From Litwin V.Allen An Essay (In Two Parts) For Ralph Winter, Richard A. Booth

Faculty Publications

This essay focuses on the classic 1940 case Litwin v. Allen, 25 N.Y.S.2d 667 (N.Y. Sup. Ct. 1940), in which the court ruled that directors and officers of a bank were liable for losses suffered by the bank from a transaction in which the bank bought a bond at a discounted price subject to an option permitting the seller to buy it back at the same price (up to) six months later. The price of the bond fell dramatically during the option period, the seller declined to buy it back, and the bank was left with the loss. The court …

Fused Deposition Modeling With Induced Vibrations: A Study On The Mechanical Characteristics Of Printed Parts, Joseph Dei Rossi, Ozgur Keles, Vimal Viswanathan

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The recent development of RepRap style 3D printers has made additive manufacturing technology available to the public at a low cost. While these 3D printers are being used for a variety of purposes, one of the main applications is prototyping in design projects. The quality of the 3D-printed parts has been a concern in such cases. Many variables within these printers’ operation can be varied to obtain optimum print quality. This study explores a setup that uses externally induced mechanical vibrations to the nozzle tip as a potential method to improve the quality of 3D-printed parts. Induced vibration is expected …

Use Of Machine Learning For Early Detection Of Knee Osteoarthritis And Quantifying Effectiveness Of Treatment Using Force Platform, Ashish John Prabhakar, Srikanth Prabhu, Aayush Agrawal, Siddhisa Banerjee, Abraham M. Joshua, Yogeesh Dattakumar Kamat, Gopal Nath, Saptarshi Sengupta

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases. It leads to pain, stiffness, decreased participation in activities of daily living and problems with balance recognition. Force platforms have been one of the tools used to analyse balance in patients. However, identification in early stages and assessing the severity of osteoarthritis using parameters derived from a force plate are yet unexplored to the best of our knowledge. Combining artificial intelligence with medical knowledge can provide a faster and more accurate diagnosis. The aim of our study is to present a novel algorithm to classify the occurrence and severity of …

Crisis In Services: Self-Care, Self-Directed Care, And The Use Of Technology Supporting All, Evidence To Practice, Cep Crisis Reports, Stephen Phillippi, Casey L. Thomas

Policy & Position Papers

No abstract provided.

County-Level Social Vulnerability And Breast, Cervical, And Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates In The Us, 2018, Cici Bauer, Kehe Zhang, Qian Xiao, Jiachen Lu, Young-Rock Hong, Ryan Suk

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Area-level factors have been identified as important social determinants of health (SDoH) that impact many health-related outcomes. Less is known about how the social vulnerability index (SVI), as a scalable composite score, can multidimensionally explain the population-based cancer screening program uptake at a county level.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the geographic variation of US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)-recommended breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening rates and the association between county-level SVI and the 3 screening rates.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based cross-sectional study used county-level information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's PLACES and SVI data …

Genome-Wide Association Analyses Of Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior Provide Insights Into Underlying Mechanisms And Roles In Disease Prevention, Zhe Wang, Andrew Emmerich, Nicolas J Pillon, Tim Moore, Daiane Hemerich, Marilyn C Cornelis, Eugenia Mazzaferro, Siacia Broos, Tarunveer S Ahluwalia, Traci M Bartz, Amy R Bentley, Lawrence F Bielak, Mike Chong, Audrey Y Chu, Diane Berry, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Nicole D Dueker, Elisa Kasbohm, Bjarke Feenstra, Mary F Feitosa, Christian Gieger, Mariaelisa Graff, Leanne M Hall, Toomas Haller, Fernando P Hartwig, David A Hillis, Ville Huikari, Nancy Heard-Costa, Christina Holzapfel, Anne U Jackson, Åsa Johansson, Anja Moltke Jørgensen, Marika A Kaakinen, Robert Karlsson, Kathleen F Kerr, Boram Kim, Chantal M Koolhaas, Zoltan Kutalik, Vasiliki Lagou, Penelope A Lind, Mattias Lorentzon, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Massimo Mangino, Christoph Metzendorf, Kristine R Monroe, Alexander Pacolet, Louis Pérusse, Rene Pool, Rebecca C Richmond, Natalia V Rivera, Sebastien Robiou-Du-Pont, Katharina E Schraut, Christina-Alexandra Schulz, Heather M Stringham, Toshiko Tanaka, Alexander Teumer, Constance Turman, Peter J Van Der Most, Mathias Vanmunster, Frank J A Van Rooij, Jana V Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Xiaoshuai Zhang, Jing-Hua Zhao, Wei Zhao, Zhanna Balkhiyarova, Marie N Balslev-Harder, Sebastian E Baumeister, John Beilby, John Blangero, Dorret I Boomsma, Soren Brage, Peter S Braund, Jennifer A Brody, Marcel Bruinenberg, Ulf Ekelund, Ching-Ti Liu, John W Cole, Francis S Collins, L Adrienne Cupples, Tõnu Esko, Stefan Enroth, Jessica D Faul, Lindsay Fernandez-Rhodes, Alison E Fohner, Oscar H Franco, Tessel E Galesloot, Scott D Gordon, Niels Grarup, Catharina A Hartman, Gerardo Heiss, Jennie Hui, Thomas Illig, Russell Jago, Alan James, Peter K Joshi, Taeyeong Jung, Mika Kähönen, Tuomas O Kilpeläinen, Woon-Puay Koh, Ivana Kolcic, Peter P Kraft, Johanna Kuusisto, Lenore J Launer, Aihua Li, Allan Linneberg, Jian'an Luan, Pedro Marques Vidal, Sarah E Medland, Yuri Milaneschi, Arden Moscati, Bill Musk, Christopher P Nelson, Ilja M Nolte, Nancy L Pedersen, Annette Peters, Patricia A Peyser, Christine Power, Olli T Raitakari, Mägi Reedik, Alex P Reiner, Paul M Ridker, Igor Rudan, Kathy Ryan, Mark A Sarzynski, Laura J Scott, Robert A Scott, Stephen Sidney, Kristin Siggeirsdottir, Albert V Smith, Jennifer A Smith, Emily Sonestedt, Marin Strøm, E Shyong Tai, Koon K Teo, Barbara Thorand, Anke Tönjes, Angelo Tremblay, Andre G Uitterlinden, Jagadish Vangipurapu, Natasja Van Schoor, Uwe Völker, Gonneke Willemsen, Kayleen Williams, Quenna Wong, Huichun Xu, Kristin L Young, Jian Min Yuan, M Carola Zillikens, Alan B Zonderman, Adam Ameur, Stefania Bandinelli, Joshua C Bis, Michael Boehnke, Claude Bouchard, Daniel I Chasman, George Davey Smith, Eco J C De Geus, Louise Deldicque, Marcus Dörr, Michele K Evans, Luigi Ferrucci, Myriam Fornage, Caroline Fox, Theodore Garland, Vilmundur Gudnason, Ulf Gyllensten, Torben Hansen, Caroline Hayward, Bernardo L Horta, Elina Hyppönen, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, W Craig Johnson, Sharon L R Kardia, Lambertus A Kiemeney, Markku Laakso, Claudia Langenberg, Terho Lehtimäki, Loic Le Marchand, Patrik K E Magnusson, Nicholas G Martin, Mads Melbye, Andres Metspalu, David Meyre, Kari E North, Claes Ohlsson, Albertine J Oldehinkel, Marju Orho-Melander, Guillaume Pare, Taesung Park, Oluf Pedersen, Brenda W J H Penninx, Tune H Pers, Ozren Polasek, Inga Prokopenko, Charles N Rotimi, Nilesh J Samani, Xueling Sim, Harold Snieder, Thorkild I A Sørensen, Tim D Spector, Nicholas J Timpson, Rob M Van Dam, Nathalie Van Der Velde, Cornelia M Van Duijn, Peter Vollenweider, Henry Völzke, Trudy Voortman, Gérard Waeber, Nicholas J Wareham, David R Weir, Heinz-Erich Wichmann, James F Wilson, Andrea L Hevener, Anna Krook, Juleen R Zierath, Martine A I Thomis, Ruth J F Loos, Marcel Den Hoed

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although physical activity and sedentary behavior are moderately heritable, little is known about the mechanisms that influence these traits. Combining data for up to 703,901 individuals from 51 studies in a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies yields 99 loci that associate with self-reported moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity during leisure time (MVPA), leisure screen time (LST) and/or sedentary behavior at work. Loci associated with LST are enriched for genes whose expression in skeletal muscle is altered by resistance training. A missense variant in ACTN3 makes the alpha-actinin-3 filaments more flexible, resulting in lower maximal force in isolated type IIA muscle …

Alcohol And Cannabis Co-Use And Longitudinal Gray Matter Volumetric Changes In Early And Late Adolescence, Xi Luo, James J Yang, Anne Buu, Elisa M Trucco, Chiang-Shan R Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Previous studies have characterized the impact of substance use on cerebral structure and function in adolescents. Yet, the great majority of prior studies employed a small sample, presented cross-sectional findings, and omitted potential sex differences.

Methods: Using data based on 724 adolescents (370 females) curated from the NCANDA study, we investigated how gray matter volumes (GMVs) decline longitudinally as a result of alcohol and cannabis use. The impacts of alcohol and cannabis co-use and how these vary across assigned sex at birth and age were examined. Brain imaging data comprised the GMVs of 34 regions of interest and the …

Genetic Analyses Of The Electrocardiographic Qt Interval And Its Components Identify Additional Loci And Pathways, William J Young, Najim Lahrouchi, Aaron Isaacs, Thuyvy Duong, Luisa Foco, Farah Ahmed, Jennifer A Brody, Reem Salman, Raymond Noordam, Jan-Walter Benjamins, Jeffrey Haessler, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Linda Repetto, Maria Pina Concas, Marten E Van Den Berg, Stefan Weiss, Antoine R Baldassari, Traci M Bartz, James P Cook, Daniel S Evans, Rebecca Freudling, Oliver Hines, Jonas L Isaksen, Honghuang Lin, Hao Mei, Arden Moscati, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Casia Nursyifa, Yong Qian, Anne Richmond, Carolina Roselli, Kathleen A Ryan, Eduardo Tarazona-Santos, Sébastien Thériault, Stefan Van Duijvenboden, Helen R Warren, Jie Yao, Dania Raza, Stefanie Aeschbacher, Gustav Ahlberg, Alvaro Alonso, Laura Andreasen, Joshua C Bis, Eric Boerwinkle, Archie Campbell, Eulalia Catamo, Massimiliano Cocca, Michael J Cutler, Dawood Darbar, Alessandro De Grandi, Antonio De Luca, Jun Ding, Christina Ellervik, Patrick T Ellinor, Stephan B Felix, Philippe Froguel, Christian Fuchsberger, Martin Gögele, Claus Graff, Mariaelisa Graff, Xiuqing Guo, Torben Hansen, Susan R Heckbert, Paul L Huang, Heikki V Huikuri, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, M Arfan Ikram, Rebecca D Jackson, Juhani Junttila, Maryam Kavousi, Jan A Kors, Thiago P Leal, Rozenn N Lemaitre, Henry J Lin, Lars Lind, Allan Linneberg, Simin Liu, Peter W Macfarlane, Massimo Mangino, Thomas Meitinger, Massimo Mezzavilla, Pashupati P Mishra, Rebecca N Mitchell, Nina Mononen, May E Montasser, Alanna C Morrison, Matthias Nauck, Victor Nauffal, Pau Navarro, Kjell Nikus, Guillaume Pare, Kristen K Patton, Giulia Pelliccione, Alan Pittman, David J Porteous, Peter P Pramstaller, Michael H Preuss, Olli T Raitakari, Alexander P Reiner, Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro, Kenneth M Rice, Lorenz Risch, David Schlessinger, Ulrich Schotten, Claudia Schurmann, Xia Shen, M Benjamin Shoemaker, Gianfranco Sinagra, Moritz F Sinner, Elsayed Z Soliman, Monika Stoll, Konstantin Strauch, Kirill Tarasov, Kent D Taylor, Andrew Tinker, Stella Trompet, André Uitterlinden, Uwe Völker, Henry Völzke, Melanie Waldenberger, Lu-Chen Weng, Eric A Whitsel, James G Wilson, Christy L Avery, David Conen, Adolfo Correa, Francesco Cucca, Marcus Dörr, Sina A Gharib, Giorgia Girotto, Niels Grarup, Caroline Hayward, Yalda Jamshidi, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, J Wouter Jukema, Stefan Kääb, Mika Kähönen, Jørgen K Kanters, Charles Kooperberg, Terho Lehtimäki, Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa, Yongmei Liu, Ruth J F Loos, Steven A Lubitz, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Andrew P Morris, Jeffrey R O'Connell, Morten Salling Olesen, Michele Orini, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Cristian Pattaro, Annette Peters, Bruce M Psaty, Jerome I Rotter, Bruno Stricker, Pim Van Der Harst, Cornelia M Van Duijn, Niek Verweij, James F Wilson, Dan E Arking, Julia Ramirez, Pier D Lambiase, Nona Sotoodehnia, Borbala Mifsud, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Patricia B Munroe

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The QT interval is an electrocardiographic measure representing the sum of ventricular depolarization and repolarization, estimated by QRS duration and JT interval, respectively. QT interval abnormalities are associated with potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmia. Using genome-wide multi-ancestry analyses (>250,000 individuals) we identify 177, 156 and 121 independent loci for QT, JT and QRS, respectively, including a male-specific X-chromosome locus. Using gene-based rare-variant methods, we identify associations with Mendelian disease genes. Enrichments are observed in established pathways for QT and JT, and previously unreported genes indicated in insulin-receptor signalling and cardiac energy metabolism. In contrast for QRS, connective tissue components and …