Digital Commons Network^™

Effectiveness And Safety Of Immunosuppressants And Biological Therapy For Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: A Network Meta-Analysis, Wen-Kuang Lin, Shwu-Jiuan Lin, Woan-Ruoh Lee, Chia-Chieh Lin, Weei-Chin Lin, Hua-Ching Chang, Chi-Tsun Cheng, Jason C Hsu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is the most common phenotype of chronic urticaria. We compared treatment effects and safety profiles of the medications in patients with CSU. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science for randomized control trials (RCTs), from 1 January 2000 to 31 July 2021, which evaluated omalizumab and immunosuppressants. Network meta-analyses (NMAs) were performed with a frequentist approach. Outcome assessments considered the efficacy (Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and weekly urticaria activity score (UAS7)) and tolerability profiles with evaluations of study quality, inconsistencies, and heterogeneity. We identified 14 studies which we included in our direct and indirect …

A Special Clinical Scenario For Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: "Iatrogenic Double-Outlet" Left Ventricle, Alexander Postalian, Sudeep Kuchibhotla, Srikanth Koneru, Neil E Strickman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

A 67-year-old man with a history of chest radiotherapy and severe aortic valve stenosis with calcification of the ascending aortic wall underwent implantation of an apicoaortic conduit from the left ventricular apex to the descending aorta. Eight years later, he presented with progressive exertional dyspnea. Imaging revealed severe native aortic valve insufficiency and calcification, with worsening left ventricular function. We decided to leave the apicoaortic conduit intact and perform transcatheter aortic valve replacement with a balloon-expandable prosthesis. Despite concerns that eliminating the obstruction across the native left ventricular outflow tract might decrease conduit flow and eventually cause graft thrombosis and …

Heterogeneity In The Prevalence Of Premature Hypertension Among Asian American Populations Compared With White Individuals: A National Health Interview Survey Study, Sina Kianoush, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Anwar T Merchant, Xiaoming Jia, Zainab Samad, Aneil Bhalla, Ayesha Khan, Dongshan Zhu, Salim Virani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Differences in prevalence of risk factors such as hypertension may explain heterogeneity in cardiovascular risk across Asian American populations.

METHODS: We used National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data from 2006 to 2018 among White, Chinese, Asian Indian, Filipino, and 'other Asians' (Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese). Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals were reported using logistic regression models for the association between race and self-reported premature hypertension (ageold). Models were adjusted for sex, education, body mass index, smoking status, diabetes, and coronary heart disease.

RESULTS: We studied 99,864 participants with history of hypertension (mean age, 59.3 …

Sustained Deep-Tissue Voltage Recording Using A Fast Indicator Evolved For Two-Photon Microscopy, Zhuohe Liu, Xiaoyu Lu, Vincent Villette, Yueyang Gou, Kevin L Colbert, Shujuan Lai, Sihui Guan, Michelle A Land, Jihwan Lee, Tensae Assefa, Daniel R Zollinger, Maria M Korympidou, Anna L Vlasits, Michelle M Pang, Sharon Su, Changjia Cai, Emmanouil Froudarakis, Na Zhou, Saumil S Patel, Cameron L Smith, Annick Ayon, Pierre Bizouard, Jonathan Bradley, Katrin Franke, Thomas R Clandinin, Andrea Giovannucci, Andreas S Tolias, Jacob Reimer, Stéphane Dieudonné, François St-Pierre

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Genetically encoded voltage indicators are emerging tools for monitoring voltage dynamics with cell-type specificity. However, current indicators enable a narrow range of applications due to poor performance under two-photon microscopy, a method of choice for deep-tissue recording. To improve indicators, we developed a multiparameter high-throughput platform to optimize voltage indicators for two-photon microscopy. Using this system, we identified JEDI-2P, an indicator that is faster, brighter, and more sensitive and photostable than its predecessors. We demonstrate that JEDI-2P can report light-evoked responses in axonal termini of Drosophila interneurons and the dendrites and somata of amacrine cells of isolated mouse retina. JEDI-2P …

A Rare Case Of Vulvar Discharge Associated With Exogenous Oestrogen Exposure In A Spayed Weimaraner Bitch, Francesca Ivaldi, Camille Ogdon, Firdous A Khan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: This report documents a rare case of vulvar discharge associated with exogenous oestrogen exposure in a large-breed dog.

CASE DESCRIPTION: A 4-year-old spayed Weimaraner bitch was presented for evaluation of inappetence and intermittent sanguineous vulvar discharge. Physical examination, vaginal cytology, haematological, and ultrasonographic findings were indicative of a uterine stump pyometra. A celiotomy was performed, and the uterine stump appeared grossly cystic and thickened. Histopathological evaluation of the removed uterine stump and ovarian pedicles revealed cystic endometrial hyperplasia and no ovarian tissue. Fifteen days after surgery, the patient presented again with a sanguineous vulvar discharge. Vaginal cytology revealed predominantly …

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation For Severe Aortic Stenosis And Large Membranous Interventricular Septal Aneurysm, Maheedhar Gedela, Tomasz Stys, Terezia Petraskova, Adam Stys

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Improved Right Ventricular Systolic Function After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy In Patients With Heart Failure, Hakimeh Sadeghian, Ali Kazemisaied, Mehrnaz Rezvanfard, Arash Jalali, Afsaneh Sadeghian, Haleh Ashraf, Farbod Semnani, Amirhossein Ghaseminejad Raeini

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Background

Since the introduction of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) to improve left ventricular function, the effect of CRT on the right ventricle in patients with heart failure has not been well described.

Methods

We evaluated the effect of CRT on right ventricular systolic function in 20 patients (80% men; mean [SD] age, 58.5 [9.8] y) with cardiomyopathy and right ventricular systolic dysfunction (New York Heart Association class III or IV, left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35%, and QRS interval ≥120 ms). The median follow-up time was 15 months. Right ventricular systolic function, defined as a tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) …

Impact Of Active And Historical Cancers On The Management And Outcomes Of Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicating Cardiogenic Shock, Sri Harsha Patlolla, Anusha G Bhat, Pranathi R Sundaragiri, Wisit Cheungpasitporn, Rajkumar P Doshi, Sudeep K Siddappa Malleshappa, Deepak K Pasupula, Wissam A Jaber, William J Nicholson, Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

BACKGROUND: There are limited data on the outcomes of acute myocardial infarction-cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS) in patients with concomitant cancer.

METHODS: A retrospective cohort of adult AMI-CS admissions was identified from the National Inpatient Sample (2000-2017) and stratified by active cancer, historical cancer, and no cancer. Outcomes of interest included in-hospital mortality, use of coronary angiography, use of percutaneous coronary intervention, do-not-resuscitate status, palliative care use, hospitalization costs, and hospital length of stay.

RESULTS: Of the 557,974 AMI-CS admissions during this 18-year period, active and historical cancers were noted in 14,826 (2.6%) and 27,073 (4.8%), respectively. From 2000 to 2017, there …

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy And Pregnancy: A Retrospective Analysis From A Tertiary Care Hospital, Pooja Sikka, Vanita Suri, Seema Chopra, Neelam Aggarwal, Subhas Chandra Saha, Ramandeep Bansal, Rajesh Vijayvergiya, Ajay Bahl

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Pregnancy in women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is not well described. In this retrospective study, we analyzed data on pregnant women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who were under follow-up care in the cardiology department of a tertiary care hospital. We reviewed data on all women registered in the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy cohort and those who attended the cardio-obstetric clinic and delivered between January 2010 and June 2019. From these 2 groups, we identified 7 pregnant women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who delivered during this period. These 7 women (mean [SD] age, 25 [3.3] years) had a total of 15 pregnancies (range per woman,1–4). This …

Arrhythmia Burden And Heart Rate Response During Exercise In Anderson-Fabry Disease, Adam W Powell, Samuel G Wittekind, Wayne A Mays, Sean M Lang, Timothy K Knilans, Carlos E Prada, Robert J Hopkin, Clifford Chin

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Patients with Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD) have an elevated incidence of resting arrhythmias and ischemic heart disease, but their exercise arrhythmia burden and ischemic changes are not well understood. In addition, little research has been done on heart rate recovery in these patients.

We retrospectively reviewed charts of patients with AFD who underwent maximal effort cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) (n=44; 38.2 ± 13.8 yr; 23 men) from 2012 through 2018. Electrocardiographic, Holter monitoring, echocardiographic, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and patient demographic data were collected.

No patient had adverse events that necessitated CPET termination, whereas 25 (57%) had ectopy during CPET, including …

Subclavian Steal Phenomenon Associated With Vascular Ring In An Infant Who Had A Prenatally Diagnosed Right Aortic Arch With An Atretic Aberrant Left Subclavian Artery, Daiji Takajo, Jennifer Blake, Sanjeev Aggarwal

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Vascular ring is a rare congenital anomaly in which the abnormal origin of the aorta or its branches and pulmonary arteries leads to encircling and compression of the trachea and esophagus. A right aortic arch (RAA) with an aberrant left subclavian artery is one of the most common forms of vascular ring. Here, we report a case of a prenatally diagnosed vascular ring resulting from an RAA with an aberrant left subclavian artery. When the infant was 7 months of age, the development of noisy breathing prompted further evaluation with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging that showed an atretic left subclavian …

Recommendations For Whole Genome Sequencing In Diagnostics For Rare Diseases, Erika Souche, Sergi Beltran, Erwin Brosens, John W Belmont, Magdalena Fossum, Olaf Riess, Christian Gilissen, Amin Ardeshirdavani, Gunnar Houge, Marielle Van Gijn, Jill Clayton-Smith, Matthis Synofzik, Nicole De Leeuw, Zandra C Deans, Yasemin Dincer, Sebastian H Eck, Saskia Van Der Crabben, Meena Balasubramanian, Holm Graessner, Marc Sturm, Helen Firth, Alessandra Ferlini, Rima Nabbout, Elfride De Baere, Thomas Liehr, Milan Macek, Gert Matthijs, Hans Scheffer, Peter Bauer, Helger G Yntema, Marjan M Weiss

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

In 2016, guidelines for diagnostic Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) have been published by EuroGentest in order to assist laboratories in the implementation and accreditation of NGS in a diagnostic setting. These guidelines mainly focused on Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) and targeted (gene panels) sequencing detecting small germline variants (Single Nucleotide Variants (SNVs) and insertions/deletions (indels)). Since then, Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) has been increasingly introduced in the diagnosis of rare diseases as WGS allows the simultaneous detection of SNVs, Structural Variants (SVs) and other types of variants such as repeat expansions. The use of WGS in diagnostics warrants the re-evaluation …

High Prevalence Of Osteopathy In Chronic Pancreatitis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From The Proceed Study, Phil A Hart, Dhiraj Yadav, Liang Li, Savi Appana, William Fisher, Evan Fogel, Chris E Forsmark, Walter G Park, Stephen Pandol, Mark D Topazian, Stephen K Van Den Eden, Santhi Swaroop Vege, David Bradley, Jose Serrano, Darwin L Conwell

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background & aims: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is associated with osteopathy (osteoporosis or osteopenia). However, existing literature is mostly limited to retrospective or administrative studies that have not clearly defined the prevalence and risk factors. Our aim was to identify patient- and disease-related associations with osteopathy in a prospective cohort study of CP.

Methods: We studied 282 subjects with definitive CP enrolled in the PROCEED study who had a baseline dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were defined using the lowest T-scores. Clinical data were collected using standardized case report forms. Comparisons were performed with a multivariate logistic regression …

Rates Of Laboratory Adverse Events By Course In Paediatric Leukaemia Ascertained With Automated Electronic Health Record Extraction: A Retrospective Cohort Study From The Children’S Oncology Group, Tamara P Miller, Kelly D Getz, Yimei Li, Biniyam G Demissei, Peter C Adamson, Todd A Alonzo, Evanette Burrows, Lusha Cao, Sharon M Castellino, Marla H Daves, Brian T Fisher, Robert Gerbing, Robert W Grundmeier, Edward M Krause, Judy Lee, Philip J Lupo, Karen R Rabin, Mark Ramos, Michael E Scheurer, Jennifer J Wilkes, Lena E Winestone, Douglas S Hawkins, M Monica Gramatges, Richard Aplenc

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Adverse events are often misreported in clinical trials, leading to an incomplete understanding of toxicities. We aimed to test automated laboratory adverse event ascertainment and grading (via the ExtractEHR automated package) to assess its scalability and define adverse event rates for children with acute myeloid leukaemia and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Methods: For this retrospective cohort study from the Children's Oncology Group (COG), we included patients aged 0-22 years treated for acute myeloid leukaemia or acute lymphoblastic leukaemia at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (Atlanta, GA, USA) from Jan 1, 2010, to Nov 1, 2018, at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia …

An Ultra-Brief Screening Scale For Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: The Oci-Cv-5, Amitai Abramovitch, Jonathan S Abramowitz, Dean Mckay, Heining Cham, Kennedy S Anderson, Lara J Farrell, Daniel A Geller, Gregory L Hanna, Sharna Mathieu, Joseph F Mcguire, David R Rosenberg, S Evelyn Stewart, Eric A Storch, Sabine Wilhelm

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an often disabling and chronic condition that is normally assessed using diagnostic interviews or lengthy self-report questionnaires. This makes routine screening in general health settings impractical, and as a result OCD is often under-(or mis-)recognized. The present study reports on the development of an ultra-brief version of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Child Version (OCI-CV) which may be administered routinely as a screener for pediatric OCD.

Method: A total of 489 youth diagnosed with OCD, 259 non-clinical controls, and 299 youth with other disorders completed the OCI-CV and other indices of psychopathology. Using item analyses, we extracted five …

Change During Cognitive And Exposure Phases Of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Autistic Youth With Anxiety Disorders, Andrew G Guzick, Sophie C Schneider, Philip C Kendall, Jeffrey J Wood, Connor M Kerns, Brent J Small, Ye Eun Park, Sandra L Cepeda, Eric A Storch

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Objective: To evaluate improvement during the (a) cognitive and (b) exposure therapy phases of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for autistic youth with anxiety disorders.

Method: Participants were 148 autistic youth (aged 7-13; 77% male; 64% White) with clinically significant anxiety who were randomized to standard or adapted CBT. Clinician-rated anxiety severity was recorded at each appointment. Trajectories of change during (a) the cognitive phase and (b) the exposure phase of treatment were analyzed using piecewise multilevel modeling.

Results: Compared to the psychoeducation and cognitive therapy phases, the exposure phase corresponded with significantly more rapid symptom reduction, b = -.11, 95% CI …

Mrnip Interacts With Sex Body Chromatin To Support Meiotic Progression, Spermatogenesis, And Male Fertility In Mice, Samina Kazi, Julio M Castañeda, Audrey Savolainen, Yiding Xu, Ning Liu, Huanyu Qiao, Ramiro Ramirez-Solis, Kaori Nozawa, Zhifeng Yu, Martin M Matzuk, Renata Prunskaite-Hyyryläinen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Meiosis has a principal role in sexual reproduction to generate haploid gametes in both sexes. During meiosis, the cell nucleus hosts a dynamic environment where some genes are transcriptionally activated, and some are inactivated at the same time. This becomes possible through subnuclear compartmentalization. The sex body, sequestering X and Y chromosomes during male meiosis and creating an environment for the meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI) is one of the best known and studied subnuclear compartments. Herein, we show that MRNIP forms droplet‐like accumulations that fuse together to create a distinct subnuclear compartment that partially overlaps with the sex body …

Sex Differences In Physical Activity Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Across The Life Span: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Mary O Whipple, Ana J Pinto, Layla A Abushamat, Audrey Bergouignan, Kristina Chapman, Amy G Huebschmann, Kevin S Masters, Kristen J Nadeau, Rebecca L Scalzo, Irene E Schauer, Deirdre Rafferty, Jane E B Reusch, Judith G Regensteiner

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) is a cornerstone of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment. Sex differences in PA behavior or barriers/facilitators to PA among individuals with T2DM are unclear.

PURPOSE: To summarize the evidence related to sex differences in participation in PA and barriers/facilitators to PA among individuals with T2DM across the life span.

DATA SOURCES: Systematic searches (CRD42021254246) were conducted with Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), APA PsychInfo, and SPORTDiscus.

STUDY SELECTION: We included studies with assessment of PA, sedentary behaviors (SB), or …

Will Anti-Vaccine Activism In The Usa Reverse Global Goals?, Peter J Hotez

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

In the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, anti-vaccine activism in the USA accelerated, amplified and formed an alliance with political groups and even extremists. An organized, well-funded and empowered anti-science movement now threatens to spill over and threaten all childhood immunizations in the USA and globally.

Vaccine-Linked Chemotherapy With A Low Dose Of Benznidazole Plus A Bivalent Recombinant Protein Vaccine Prevents The Development Of Cardiac Fibrosis Caused By Trypanosoma Cruzi In Chronically-Infected Balb/C Mice, Victor Manuel Dzul-Huchim, Maria Jesus Ramirez-Sierra, Pedro Pablo Martinez-Vega, Miguel Enrique Rosado-Vallado, Victor Ermilo Arana-Argaez, Jaime Ortega-Lopez, Fabian Gusovsky, Eric Dumonteil, Julio Vladimir Cruz-Chan, Peter Hotez, María Elena Bottazzi, Liliana Estefania Villanueva-Lizama

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Chagas disease (CD) is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and affects 6-7 million people worldwide. Approximately 30% of chronic patients develop chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC) after decades. Benznidazole (BNZ), one of the first-line chemotherapy used for CD, induces toxicity and fails to halt the progression of CCC in chronic patients. The recombinant parasite-derived antigens, including Tc24, Tc24-C4, TSA-1, and TSA-1-C4 with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) agonist-adjuvants reduce cardiac parasite burdens, heart inflammation, and fibrosis, leading us to envision their use as immunotherapy together with BNZ. Given genetic immunization (DNA vaccines) encoding Tc24 and TSA-1 induce protective immunity in mice and …

Limited Utility Of Structural Mri To Identify The Epileptogenic Zone In Young Children With Tuberous Sclerosis, Maaike Nijman, Edward Yang, Camilo Jaimes, Anna K Prohl, Mustafa Sahin, Darcy A Krueger, Joyce Y Wu, Hope Northrup, Scellig S D Stone, Joseph R Madsen, Aria Fallah, Jeffrey P Blount, Howard L Weiner, Leslie Grayson, E Martina Bebin, Brenda E Porter, Simon K Warfield, Sanjay P Prabhu, Jurriaan M Peters, Tacern Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The success of epilepsy surgery in children with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) hinges on identification of the epileptogenic zone (EZ). We studied structural MRI markers of epileptogenic lesions in young children with TSC.

METHODS: We included 26 children with TSC who underwent epilepsy surgery before the age of 3 years at five sites, with 12 months or more follow-up. Two neuroradiologists, blinded to surgical outcome data, reviewed 10 candidate lesions on preoperative MRI for characteristics of the tuber (large affected area, calcification, cyst-like properties) and of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) features (cortical malformation, gray-white matter junction blurring, …

Evidence Of Likely Autochthonous Chagas Disease In The Southwestern United States: A Case Series Of Trypanosoma Cruzi Seropositive Blood Donors, Mary K. Lynn, Kyndall C. Dye-Braumuller, Norman L. Beatty, Patricia L. Dorn, Stephen A. Klotz, Susan L. Stramer, Rebecca L. Townsend, Hany Kamel, Jacquelyn M. Vannoy, Patrick Sadler, Susan P. Montgomery, Hilda N. Rivera, Melissa Nolan Ph.D., Mph

Faculty Publications

Background Chagas disease is a parasitic infection that can insidiously cause non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Given the largely silent nature of this progressive disease, asymptomatic blood donors pose potential blood transfusion risk. Blood donation screening has become an unintentional form of Chagas disease surveillance, with thousands of new cases identified since national surveillance was initiated in 2007.

Study Design and Methods We recruited T. cruzi-positive blood donors identified from California and Arizona blood centers for confirmatory blood screening and assessment of lifetime infection risk.

Results Among eight suspected cases, we identified four confirmed US autochthonous infections. The current manuscript details the …

Systematic Review Of Functional Outcomes In Cancer Rehabilitation, Alix Sleight, Lynn H. Gerber, Timothy F. Marshall, Alicia Livinski, Catherine M. Alfano, Shana Harrington Pt, Ph.D., Ann Marie Flores, Aneesha Virani, Xiaorong Hu, Sandra A. Mitchell, Mitra Varedi, Melissa Eden, Samah Hayek, Beverly Reigle, Anya Kerkman, Raquel Neves, Kathleen Jablonoski, Eileen Danaher Hacker, Virginia Sun, Robin Newman, Karen Kane Mcdonnell, Allison L'Hotta, Alana Schoenhals, Nicole L. Stout

Faculty Publications

Objective

To systematically review the evidence regarding rehabilitation interventions targeting optimal physical or cognitive function in adults with a history of cancer and describe the breadth of evidence as well as strengths and limitations across a range of functional domains.

Data Sources

PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Plus, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. The time scope was January 2008 to April 2019.

Study Selection

Prospective, controlled trials including single- and multiarm cohorts investigating rehabilitative interventions for cancer survivors at any point in the continuum of care were included, if studies included a primary functional outcome measure. …

Structural And Optical Properties Of Graphene-Zno Nanohybrid Thin Films Synthesized By Spray Pyrolysis, Zahraa Talib, Azhar Hassan, Jehan Saimon

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

Graphene-ZnO nanohybrid thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis technique at 350 °C. Different graphene nanoplate concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 wt.% were used to deposit films on quartz substrates. The Structural and optical properties of the nanohybrid films have been investigated. X-ray diffraction XRD results show that the films have a hexagonal wurtzite polycrystalline structure and no secondary phases were observed. The structural parameters of crystallite size, dislocation density, and microstrain have indicated that the addition of graphene has a strong effect on the microstructure of zinc oxide films. Surface morphological analysis of the ZnO-graphene films …

Modal Analysis For Single-Mode Waveguides Of Silicon On Sapphire (Sos) At Infrared Region Using Finite Element Method (Fem), Yadgar Shwan

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

One of the recommended platforms for waveguide generation in the infrared region is silicon-on-sapphire (SOS). This paper proposes a modal of the optical waveguide of silicon on a sapphire from  ), using FEM (finite-element method) solver simulation performed by FDTD [finite-different-time-domain]. The waveguide is directly based on the refractive index difference between the wave's guideline regions and surrounding media (cladding). The use of FEM to analyze a single waveguide mode of SOS at a certain size within multiple wavelengths is a unique aspect of this research. In addition, this project's objective is to discov how the waveguide size (dimension) impacts …

Characterization Of Superconductor Materials Doped With Nanoparticles On Their Properties: Review Article, Hanan Kadhim, Noor Hasan, Adawiya Haider

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

Revolutionary developments have been started in the field of superconductors since their discovery. High-temperature superconductors have been a focus of attention in advanced technology for many scientists because of their potential applications. Therefore, many changes are made in the products that use such materials. It remains one of the most exciting research fields and can revolutionize the physics and technology of the future. It is required to understand and learn the history and basic principles of Superconductivity for its better implications. Considering its recent discoveries, its current applications can be studied. The mechanism of ‘HTS’ is much easier to understand …

Characterizations Of Nanodiamond Composite Film For Photonics Applications, Aseel Shakaty, Jassim Hmood, Bushra Mahdi

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Fes2 Thin Film Prepared By Spray Pyrolysis Method For Optoelectronic Applications, Mostafa Ibrahim, Mustafa Hassan, Khaleel Hassoon

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

In this work, the physical properties of iron sulfide (FeS2) thin films deposited by the chemical spray-pyrolysis (CSP) technique were studied.  The thin films are deposited on glass substrates at 200oC, using FeCl3 salt with thiourea (NH2)2CS as precursors. Structural analysis of X-Ray diffraction manifested that the thin films contain two phases: Marcasite and Pyrite in planes (110), (111) at angles 2θ =26.3°, 2θ =28.3° respectively. Optical properties analysis showed that the prepared iron sulfide thin-films were highly absorbing in the UV-Visible range and the absorption coefficient was in the range of 1.6x105 cm-1 with a relatively low resistivity of …

Spectroscopic And Structural Analysis Of Aluminum Bulk And Nanoparticles: A Comparative Study, Hajir M. Fadhil, Khaleel I. Hassoon, Hyder A. Salih

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

In the present work, Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) has been utilized to investigate two forms of aluminum samples, namely Al in the form of the nanoparticles (NPs) and a bulk (pellet). The Al target was irradiated by pulsed Nd-YAG laser with wavelength 1064 nm to produce plasma. The plasm spectrum is analyzed in the wavelength range between 250 nm and 700 nm. Some plasma parameters were calculated, including electron temperature (����), plasma density (ne) and Debye length (����) for different laser energies. The temperature of electrons was computed employing the Boltzmann plot technique, and the electrons density was computed …

Antibacterial Studying Of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized By Chemical Reduction Method Using Different Stabilized Concentrations, Zahraa Ghazi, Mohammad Mohammad, Manal Abbood, Amal Hussein

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

Silver nanoparticles were prepared by the chemical reduction method. Silver nitrate was taken as a metal precursor and sodium borohydride as a reducing agent with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) stabilizers of different concentrations, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques have been used, these measurement results showed that the prepared material is silver nanoparticles. The average size of silver nanoparticles using the Scherrer equation with values ranging from 8.49-12.15nm. TEM images showed that the silver nanoparticles are spherical in size between 5-47nm. Nanoscale distribution of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) prepared at different concentrations was …