Digital Commons Network^™

Clinical Approach To Evaluation Of Underlying Cardiac Device Infection In Patients Hospitalized With Bacteremia

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

More than 400,000 cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), including permanent pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, and cardiac resynchronization therapy devices, are implanted every year in the United States (US). Infection is a serious complication of CIED therapy and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. While CIED pocket infection can be diagnosed based on clinical exam findings, positive blood culture may be the only manifestation of CIED lead infection. Thus, management of bacteremia in patients living with CIEDs requires special consideration. This review summarizes contemporary data in the context of the recently updated 2023 Duke-International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases Criteria for …

Real-World Experience With Cefiderocol Therapy For Pseudomonas Aeruginosa And Other Multidrug Resistant Gram-Negative Infections Within The Veterans Health Administration, 2019–2022, Barbara W Trautner

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Single-center and regional studies have reported outcomes after treatment with cefiderocol, a novel siderophore cephalosporin. We report on real-world use, clinical outcomes, and microbiological outcomes with cefiderocol therapy within the Veterans' Health Administration (VHA).

DESIGN: Prospective, observational descriptive study.

SETTING: Veterans' Health Administration, 132 sites across the United States, during 2019-2022.

PATIENTS: This study included patients admitted to any VHA medical center who received cefiderocol for ≥2 days.

METHODS: Data were obtained from the VHA Corporate Data Warehouse and through manual chart review. We extracted clinical and microbiologic characteristics and outcomes.

RESULTS: In total, 8,763,652 patients received 1,142,940,842 prescriptions …

Range And Consistency Of Cardiovascular Outcomes Reported By Clinical Trials In Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review, Allison Tong, Jonathan C Craig, Benedicte Sautenet, Klemens Budde, Derek Forfang, John Gill, William G Herrington, Tazeen H Jafar, David W Johnson, Vera Krane, Adeera Levin, Jolanta Malyszko, Patrick Rossignol, Deirdre Sawinski, Nicole Scholes-Robertons, Giovanni Strippoli, Angela Wang, Wolfgang C Winkelmayer, Carmel M Hawley, Andrea K Viecelli

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROIUND: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant recipients. Trial evidence to improve cardiovascular outcomes is limited by inconsistent reporting of outcomes, which may also lack patient-relevance. This study aimed to assess the range and consistency of cardiovascular outcomes reported by contemporary trials in kidney transplant recipients.

METHODS: A systematic review of all randomized controlled trials involving adult kidney transplant recipients that reported at least 1 cardiovascular outcome from January 2012 to December 2019 was performed, including Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov electronic databases. Trial characteristics were extracted and all levels of specification of …

Documented Adverse Drug Reactions And Discontinuation Of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors And Angiotensin Receptor Blockers In Chronic Kidney Disease, Julia M Akeroyd, Shehrezade A Jafry, Glenn T Gobbel, Sheena Wydermyer, Jennifer Arney, Adriana Hung, Michael E Matheny, Salim S Virani, Sankar D Navaneethan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are frequently discontinued in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Documented adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in medical records may provide insight into the reasons for treatment discontinuation.

METHODS: In this retrospective cohort of US veterans from 2005 to 2019, we identified individuals with CKD and a current prescription for an ACEi or ARB (current user group) or a discontinued prescription within the preceding 5 years (discontinued group). Documented ADRs in structured datasets associated with an ACEi or ARB were categorized into 17 pre-specified groups. Logistic regression assessed associations of documented …

Nanocurcumin Combined With Insulin Alleviates Diabetic Kidney Disease Through P38/P53 Signaling Axis, Dianxiong Zou, Meenakshi Arora, Richard Friend, David Sheikh-Hamad, Rita Basu, M N V Ravi Kumar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Treatments for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) mainly focus on managing hyperglycemia and hypertension, but emerging evidence suggests that inflammation also plays a role in the pathogenesis of DKD. This 10-week study evaluated the efficacy of daily oral nanoparticulate-curcumin (nCUR) together with long-acting insulin (INS) to treat DKD in a rodent model. Diabetic rats were dosed with unformulated CUR alone, nCUR alone or together with INS, or INS alone. The progression of diabetes was reflected by increases in plasma fructosamine, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, bilirubin, ALP, and decrease in albumin and globulins. These aberrancies were remedied by nCUR+INS or INS but …

Distinct Temporal Trajectories And Risk Factors For Post-Acute Sequelae Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Michelle J Wu, Katherine A Drake, Vanessa K Ridaura, Howard C Zisser, William A Conrad, Victor F Tapson, James N Moy, Christopher R Defilippi, Ivan O Rosas, Bellur S Prabhakar, Mujeeb Basit, Mirella Salvatore, Jerry A Krishnan, Charles C Kim

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The understanding of Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) can be improved by longitudinal assessment of symptoms encompassing the acute illness period. To gain insight into the various disease trajectories of PASC, we assessed symptom evolution and clinical factors associated with the development of PASC over 3 months, starting with the acute illness period.

METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study to identify parameters associated with PASC. We performed cluster and case control analyses of clinical data, including symptomatology collected over 3 months following infection.

RESULTS: We identified three phenotypic clusters associated with PASC that could be characterized as …

Corrigendum: Alveolar Macrophages In Lung Cancer: Opportunities And Challenges, Farrah Kheradmand

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In the published article, there was an error in the article title. Instead of “Alveolar Macrophages in Lung Cancer: Opportunities Challenges”, it should be “Alveolar Macrophages in Lung Cancer: Opportunities and Challenges”.

The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.

Cc16 Drives Vla-2-Dependent Splunc1 Expression, Michael D L Johnson, Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Francesca Polverino, Stefano Guerra, Xingnan Li, Darren A Cusanovich, Paul R Langlais, Julie G Ledford

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

RATIONALE: CC16 (Club Cell Secretory Protein) is a protein produced by club cells and other non-ciliated epithelial cells within the lungs. CC16 has been shown to protect against the development of obstructive lung diseases and attenuate pulmonary pathogen burden. Despite recent advances in understanding CC16 effects in circulation, the biological mechanisms of CC16 in pulmonary epithelial responses have not been elucidated.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine if CC16 deficiency impairs epithelial-driven host responses and identify novel receptors expressed within the pulmonary epithelium through which CC16 imparts activity.

METHODS: We utilized mass spectrometry and quantitative proteomics to investigate how CC16 deficiency …

A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Long Term Physical And Mental Sequelae Of Covid-19 Pandemic: Call For Research Priority And Action, Chao Li, Qing-Dong Lu, Lin Liu, Shu-Yu Ni, Huan Mei, Kai Yuan, Le Shi, Peng Li, Teng-Teng Fan, Jun-Liang Yuan, Michael V Vitiello, Thomas Kosten, Alexandra L Kondratiuk, Hong-Qiang Sun, Xiang-Dong Tang, Mei-Yan Liu, Ajit Lalvani, Jie Shi, Yan-Ping Bao, Lin Lu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The long-term physical and mental sequelae of COVID-19 are a growing public health concern, yet there is considerable uncertainty about their prevalence, persistence and predictors. We conducted a comprehensive, up-to-date meta-analysis of survivors' health consequences and sequelae for COVID-19. PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched through Sep 30th, 2021. Observational studies that reported the prevalence of sequelae of COVID-19 were included. Two reviewers independently undertook the data extraction and quality assessment. Of the 36,625 records identified, a total of 151 studies were included involving 1,285,407 participants from thirty-two countries. At least one sequelae symptom occurred in 50.1% (95% …

Hippocampal Δfosb Expression Is Associated With Cognitive Impairment In A Subgroup Of Patients With Childhood Epilepsies, Robert A Rissman, Daniel Yoshor, Angela N Viaene, Jeannie Chin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, and is often comorbid with other neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Patients with recurrent seizures often present with cognitive impairment. However, it is unclear how seizures, even when infrequent, produce long-lasting deficits in cognition. One mechanism may be seizure-induced expression of ΔFosB, a long-lived transcription factor that persistently regulates expression of plasticity-related genes and drives cognitive dysfunction. We previously found that, compared with cognitively-intact subjects, the activity-dependent expression of ΔFosB in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) was increased in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and …

Framework For Accurate Classification Of Self-Reported Stress From Multisession Functional Mri Data Of Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress, Andrew Floren, Bruce Naylor, M Wright Williams, Ramiro Salas, Albert S Rizzo, David Ress

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant burden among combat Veterans returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. While empirically supported treatments have demonstrated reductions in PTSD symptomatology, there remains a need to improve treatment effectiveness. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neurofeedback has emerged as a possible treatment to ameliorate PTSD symptom severity. Virtual reality (VR) approaches have also shown promise in increasing treatment compliance and outcomes. To facilitate fMRI neurofeedback-associated therapies, it would be advantageous to accurately classify internal brain stress levels while Veterans are exposed to trauma-associated VR imagery. Methods: Across 2 sessions, we used fMRI …

5-Aminolevulinic Acid, Fluorescein Sodium, And Indocyanine Green For Glioma Margin Detection: Analysis Of Operating Wide-Field And Confocal Microscopy In Glioma Models Of Various Grades, Vadim A Byvaltsev, Talgat Kerymbayev, Kwanha Yu, Debbie R Healey, Ernesto Luna-Melendez, Benjamin Deneen, Shwetal Mehta, James K Liu, Mark C Preul

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Surgical resection remains the first-line treatment for gliomas. Several fluorescent dyes are currently in use to augment intraoperative tumor visualization, but information on their comparative effectiveness is lacking. We performed systematic assessment of fluorescein sodium (FNa), 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), and indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence in various glioma models using advanced fluorescence imaging techniques.

METHODS: Four glioma models were used: GL261 (high-grade model), GB3 (low-grade model), and an

RESULTS: Our systematic analysis showed that wide-field imaging of highly malignant gliomas is equally efficient with 5-ALA, FNa, and ICG, although FNa is associated with more false-positive staining of …

Unmet Needs And Coping Strategies Of Older Underserved Veterans During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Nipa Kamdar, Gala True, Mark E Kunik

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound impacts on people with diabetes, a group with high morbidity and mortality. Factors like race, age, income, Veteran-status, and limited or interrupted resources early in the COVID-19 pandemic compounded risks for negative health outcomes. Our objective was to characterize the experiences and needs of under-resourced Veterans with type 2 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS: We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews (March through September 2021) with U.S. military Veterans with diabetes. Transcripts were analyzed using a team-based, iterative process of summarizing and coding to identify key themes. Participants included Veterans (n = 25) who …

Perceived Marginalization, Social Support, And Mental Health: The Role Of Parasocial Relationships, Madison Christy, Aimee Adam

Modern Psychological Studies

The purpose of the current study was to extend previous research (Woznicki et al., 2020) to see if parasocial relationships (PSRs) with figures from various social media platforms might be beneficial for those lower in real-life social support. We predicted that there would be a negative relationship between social support and perceptions of marginalization, loneliness, and depression, but that for people who perceived themselves as marginalized, the relationship between social support and loneliness would change depending on the strength of their PSR. In this correlational study, 135 participants took an online Qualtrics survey which assessed social media use, PSR strength, …

Toward A Holistic Understanding Of Conduct Disorder Across The Lifespan, Bobby R. J. W. Mchardy, Pamela M. Seeds

Modern Psychological Studies

Conduct Disorder is a developmental disorder characterized by clinically significant and culturally unexpected aggressive and antisocial behaviors. While much work has focused on the numerous predisposing genetic, neurobiological, psychological, and environmental risk factors for Conduct Disorder, its causal mechanisms, several developmental trajectories, and interacting risks have still yet to be properly elucidated within the context of these factors. With the aim of integrating the literature’s current understanding of Conduct Disorder, we searched APA PsycNet and Google Scholar using a scoping review to select peer-reviewed articles relating to age of onset, presentation, trajectory, persistence, and outcomes of Conduct Disorder. Of the …

The Effects Of Self-Affirmation On Covid-19 Safe Behaviors, Matt Betashour

Modern Psychological Studies

This paper aims to seek if self-affirming activities can be used to increase compliance with group-protective public health policy such as the mandate to wear face masks for the COVID-19 pandemic. Completing a self-affirmation has been shown to increase compliance to health advice when it is beneficial for the self (Sherman & Cohen, 2020). To determine if self-affirming activities, as described by Self-Affirmation theory, increases compliance to health advice that is beneficial for others, the present experiment (N = 106) asked university students to complete a self-affirmation or a control task, read a relevant article, and rate how often they …

The Relationship Between Religiosity And Mental Health During The Covid-19 Quarantine, Luisauny Gomez, Jeremiah Sullins

Modern Psychological Studies

Social isolation has become a public policy under the current circumstances. This isolation can lead to a life imbalance that is believed to affect physical, psychological, and spiritual well-being. Previous research shows that both, a defined sense of religiosity or affirmative secularity, can yield progressive emotional outcomes due to multiple factors such as community support, sense of structure, life guidance, mindfulness and a sense of unity with the world. However, a gap exists in the extant literature regarding the relationship between mental health and religiosity during global pandemics. To address this gap, this study sought to answer the following question: …

Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (Asmr) Use In College Students, Pratibha Gautam, Gina Mariano, Frank Hammonds

Modern Psychological Studies

Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is the experience of tingling sensations in the crown and back of the head as a response to a range of audio-visual triggers such as whispering, tapping, and hand movements (Hostler, 2020). The number of people who produce and utilize ASMR inducing media has increased in the last few years, but little research has been done investigating its use among college students. This experimental study sought to investigate if viewing ASMR videos could reduce heart rate and perceived stress in college students. Twenty participants were shown either an ASMR video or a control video. Before …

Mobile Phone Mindfulness: Effects Of App-Based Meditation Intervention On Stress And Hrv Of Undergraduate Students, Samuel M. Degenhard

Modern Psychological Studies

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, stress has increased exponentially in undergraduate populations. The current study sought to determine the efficacy of an eight-week relaxation intervention, using a free meditation app to reduce perceived stress and increase baseline heart rate variability (HRV) of undergraduate students, compared to using a traditional relaxation intervention across the same period. Participants (N = 14) were randomized into either a meditation app group or self-directed diaphragmatic breathing group and were instructed to engage in their respective relaxation technique ten minutes daily for eight weeks. Pre- and post-intervention differences in perceived stress and HRV were examined, along with …

Examining The Role Of High School Spiritual Practice And Ways Of Coping In Levels Of Anxiety Among College-Aged Women, Madison Harris, Oyenike Balogun-Mwangi

Modern Psychological Studies

Utilizing an online survey, this study aimed to examine the extent to which the encouragement of spiritual practice in high school, current endorsement of daily spiritual experience, and ways of coping, predict anxiety levels among college-aged women (N = 140). Participants were recruited through the use of snowball sampling via email and flyers posted around campus. Data was collected via a demographic questionnaire and self-report measures assessing ways of coping, religiosity, and levels of anxiety among the sample. Results of a multiple regression analysis showed that focusing on and venting of emotions, behavioral disengagement, mental disengagement, and the encouragement of …

Effects Of A Brief Exposure To Nature Or Social Media On Psychological Well-Being, Megan C. Hall, Samantha L. Mcmichael, Virginia Sy Kwan

Modern Psychological Studies

Social media has enhanced our ability to connect with each other globally; however, social media is not necessarily beneficial. Given the potential negative impact of social media use on psychological well-being, it is important to identify resources that may buffer this impact. One resource may be exposure to nature. Participants exposed to nature scenes experienced less negative affect compared to those exposed to social media. Those who spent more time outside tended to experience decreased negative affect when they viewed both social media and nature photos, but when viewing only social media, they experienced increased negative affect. Relations between humans, …

Dyadic Aerobic Exercise As Treatment For Social Anxiety: A Randomized Control Trial, Dylan M. Palmer

Modern Psychological Studies

This study examines the effects of aerobic exercise, especially dyadic aerobic exercise, on levels of social anxiety. Investigated, also, is the extent to which dimensional moderators of social anxiety play an intermediary role in levels of social anxiety. The present study follows a between subjects, repeated measures, randomized control trial design. All experimental data was derived from self-report measures conducted prior to, during, and at the conclusion of a two-week aerobic exercise regimen. Data analysis was conducted via means comparisons, within subjects and between groups, on various metrics. Our results suggest a greater efficacy of dyadic aerobic exercise over both …

The Functional Role Of Context In Action Perception And Understanding Social Situations, Anjali -

Modern Psychological Studies

This study investigated the influence of understanding the perception of action congruency in animated video actors. The study employed a 2 x 2 pre-post design with the type of training (relevant, irrelevant) as a between-subjects design. The present study aimed to address whether the presence (versus absence) of contextual information affected an individual’s ability to make sense of social interactions, and if relevant contextual cues aided an individual’s perspective of social situations. Participants consisted of 80 undergraduate students at the University of British Columbia. Action congruency is the level of social coordination between two figures. Perceptions of action congruency was …

A Multicenter Study To Evaluate Pain Characteristics In Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Chaya N Murali, Sandesh C S Nagamani, Peter A Smith, Gerald F Harris

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The objective was to describe pain characteristics and treatments used in individuals with varying severity of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and investigate pain-associated variables. This work was derived from a multicenter, longitudinal, observational, natural history study of OI conducted at 12 clinical sites of the NIH Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network's Brittle Bone Disorders Consortium. Children and adults with a clinical, biochemical, or molecular diagnosis of OI were enrolled in the study. We did a cross-sectional analysis of chronic pain prevalence, characteristics, and treatments used for pain relief and longitudinal analysis to find the predictors of chronic pain. We included 861 …

Intermel: An International Biorepository And Clinical Database To Uncover Predictors Of Survival In Early-Stage Melanoma, Jessica M Kenney, Cecilia Lezcano, James S Wilmott, Anne E Cust, Richard A Scolyer, Graham J Mann, Tim K Lee, Hazel Burke, Valerie Jakrot, Ping Shang, Peter M Ferguson, Tawny W Boyce, Jennifer S Ko, Peter Ngo, Pauline Funchain, Judy R Rees, Kelli O'Connell, Honglin Hao, Eloise Parrish, Kathleen Conway, Paul B Googe, David W Ollila, Stergios J Moschos, Eva Hernando, Douglas Hanniford, Diana Argibay, Christopher I Amos, Jeffrey E Lee, Iman Osman, Li Luo, Pei-Fen Kuan, Arshi Aurora, Bonnie E Gould Rothberg, Marcus W Bosenberg, Meg R Gerstenblith, Cheryl Thompson, Paul N Bogner, Ivan P Gorlov, Sheri L Holmen, Elise K Brunsgaard, Yvonne M Saenger, Ronglai Shen, Venkatraman Seshan, Eduardo Nagore, Marc S Ernstoff, Klaus J Busam, Colin B Begg, Nancy E Thomas, Marianne Berwick, Intermel Consortium

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: We are conducting a multicenter study to identify classifiers predictive of disease-specific survival in patients with primary melanomas. Here we delineate the unique aspects, challenges, and best practices for optimizing a study of generally small-sized pigmented tumor samples including primary melanomas of at least 1.05mm from AJTCC TNM stage IIA-IIID patients. We also evaluated tissue-derived predictors of extracted nucleic acids' quality and success in downstream testing. This ongoing study will target 1,000 melanomas within the international InterMEL consortium.

METHODS: Following a pre-established protocol, participating centers ship formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue sections to Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center for …

Ai-Powered Discovery Of A Novel P53-Y220c Reactivator, Praveen Neeli, Xinfang Yu, Aram Davtyan, Ken Young, Yong Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction

The p53-Y220C mutation is one of the most common mutations that play a major role in cancer progression.

Methods

In this study, we applied artificial intelligence (AI)-powered virtual screening to identify small-molecule compounds that specifically restore the wild-type p53 conformation from p53-Y220C. From 10 million compounds, the AI algorithm selected a chemically diverse set of 83 high-scoring hits, which were subjected to several experimental assays using cell lines with different p53 mutations.

Results

We identified one compound, H3, that preferentially killed cells with the p53-Y220C mutation compared to cells with other p53 mutations. H3 increased the amount of folded …

Risk Stratification For Hepatocellular Cancer Among Patients With Cirrhosis Using A Hepatic Fat Polygenic Risk Score, Saira Khaderi, Amit G Singal, Jorge A Marrero, Nicole Loo, Sumeet K Asrani, Michelle Luster, Abeer Al-Sarraj, Jing Ning, Spiridon Tsavachidis, Xiangjun Gu, Christopher I Amos, Hashem B El-Serag

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) hold the promise to refine prognostication in hepatocellular cancer (HCC). The few available HCC PRS include germline risk variants identified among individuals of mostly European ancestry, but data are lacking on the transportability of these PRS in multiethnic U.S patients with cirrhosis from multiple etiologies.

METHODS: We used data from 1644 patients with cirrhosis enrolled in two prospective cohort studies in the U.S. Patients were followed until HCC diagnosis, death, liver transplantation, or last study visit through June 30, 2021. The high-risk variants in PNPLA3-MBOAT7-TM6SF2-GCKR were combined in a PRS and we evaluated its association …

Trends In Cigarette Smoking Among United States Adolescents, Charles H Hennekens, Panagiota Kitsantas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Cigarette smoking remains the leading avoidable cause of premature death in the United States, accounting for approximately 500,000, or 1 in 5, deaths annually. We explored trends in cigarette smoking among US adolescents.

Methods: We used data for adolescents in grades 9 through 12 from 1991 to 2021 from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey provided by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We explored trends overall as well as by sex, race/ethnicity, and school grade.

Results: All cigarette use—assessed as ever, occasional, frequent, or daily—among adolescents declined markedly from 1991 to 2021. Specifically, ever use significantly decreased …

Transformations Between Rotational And Translational Invariants Formulated In Reciprocal Spaces

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Correlation functions play an important role in the theoretical underpinnings of many disparate areas of the physical sciences: in particular, scattering theory. More recently, they have become useful in the classification of objects in areas such as computer vision and our area of cryoEM. Our primary classification scheme in the cryoEM image processing system, EMAN2, is now based on third order invariants formulated in Fourier space. This allows a factor of 8 speed up in the two classification procedures inherent in our software pipeline, because it allows for classification without the need for computationally costly alignment procedures. In this work, …

The Rsv F P27 Peptide: Current Knowledge, Important Questions, Pedro A Piedra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a leading cause of hospitalizations and death for young children and adults over 65. The worldwide impact of RSV has prioritized the search for an RSV vaccine, with most targeting the critical fusion (F) protein. However, questions remain about the mechanism of RSV entry and RSV F triggering and fusion promotion. This review highlights these questions, specifically those surrounding a cleaved 27 amino acids long peptide within F, p27.