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Summary Of Alcohol And Drug Treatment For Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples, Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This summary is based on the Review of alcohol and drug treatment for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. It provides an overview of the available evidence for treatment approaches to help a person reduce or stop substance use. These are treatments for when a person has evidence of either hazardous use or problem alcohol and other drug (AOD) use (see Box 1 for terms used). Some approaches to address substance use are not included in this summary (e.g. for tobacco cessation or volatile substance use). This summary presents information on:

• the available research and other evidence that underpins …

Raising Primary School Boys' And Girls' Awareness And Interest In Stem-Related Activities, Subjects, And Careers: An Exploratory Case Study, Natalie Mcmaster, Michael David Carey, David Allen Martin, Janet Martin

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Internationally, there is an under-supply of intellectual capital to provide for STEM-related employment. One contributing factor is the low number of female students selecting STEM school subjects and careers. Despite the literature recommending students engage in STEM activities earlier, many initiatives are not implemented until high school. This paper reports on an Australian project named MindSET-do which provided students with early positive STEM experiences prior to high school to raise awareness of, interest in, and aspirations for STEM-related subjects and careers. The case study surveyed n = 107 Year 6 boys’ and girls’ interests, ability beliefs and expectations in STEM …

Conceptualising Wellbeing For Australian Aboriginal Lgbtqa+ Young People, Shakara Liddelow-Hunt, Ashleigh Lin, James H. L. Hill, Kate Daglas, Braden Hill, Yael Perry, Mirella Wilson, Bep Uink

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

It is likely that young people who are both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and LGBTQA+ would be at increased risk for poor mental health outcomes due to the layered impacts of discrimination they experience; however, there is very little empirical evidence focused on the mental health and wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander LGBTQA+ young people. The current study represents a qualitative exploration of wellbeing among Aboriginal LGBTQA+ young people. This study consisted of semi-structured interviews and focus groups with Aboriginal LGBTQA+ young people aged 14–25 years old in the Perth metropolitan area of Western Australia. Thematic analysis …

Relational Employability Stages Of Development, Elizabeth J. Cook

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The Relational employability stages of development aim to enhance individuals’ employability in a relational world. These stages – Recognition, Networks, Translation and Review – provide a pathway for individuals to cultivate relational awareness, engagement, promotion and reflection in the context of careers. When integrated with the Relational employability teaching-learning framework (Cook, 2023), these stages of development engage individuals in critical self-reflection, evaluation and career planning to advance their relational career development. This integrated approach empowers individuals to thrive and make meaningful contributions, extending employability beyond skills and outcomes to embrace meaningful connections and contributions with others (including more-than-human others). Applicable …

Photocatalytic Reforming Of Lignocellulose: A Review, Xinyuan Xu, Lei Shi, Shu Zhang, Zhimin Ao, Jinqiang Zhang, Shaobin Wang, Hongqi Sun

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Biomass has been considered as a promising energy resource to combat the exhaustion of fossil fuels, as it is renewable, sustainable, and clean. Photocatalytic reforming is a novel technology to utilize solar energy for upgrading biomass in relatively mild conditions. This process efficiently reforms and recasts biomass into hydrogen and/or valuable chemicals. To date, lignocellulose, including cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, has attracted extensive studies in facile photocatalytic valorisation. This review summarizes and analyzes the most recent research advances on photoreforming of lignocellulose to provide insights for future research, with a particular emphasis on the reformation of lignin because of its …

A Just Transition For Collie That Leaves No One Behind: A Community-Led Social Justice Analysis Of Collie’S Transition, Naomi Joy Godden, Georgia Beardman, Mehran Nejati, Evonne Scott, Jaime Yallup Farrant, Leonie Scoffern, Joseph Northover, James Khan, Lynette Winmar, Phillip Ugle, Kiera Mulholland, Jayla Parkin, Stevie Anderson, Angus Morrison-Saunders

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

No abstract provided.

Patient Experiences With Thyroid Nodules: A Qualitative Interview Survey, Matthew R Naunheim, Manuela Von Sneidern, Molly N Huston, Okenwa C Okose, Amr H Abdelhamid Ahmed, Gregory W Randolph, Mark G Shrime

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To qualitatively explore the broad set of preferences and attitudes patients have about thyroid nodules, which influence the decision-making process.

STUDY DESIGN: A descriptive survey design was administered as interviews.

SETTING: Outpatient thyroid surgery clinic.

METHODS: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 patients presenting for initial evaluation of thyroid nodules at a surgeon's office. Probative, open-ended questions were posed regarding diagnosis, treatment, risk attitudes, and the decision-making process. Thematic analysis was used to develop code-transcribed interviews, and an iterative refinement resulted in underlying themes.

RESULTS: During the diagnostic process, patients integrated emotional responses (fear, anxiety, and shock) with rationale …

Intra-Articular Aav9 Α-L-Iduronidase Gene Replacement In The Canine Model Of Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I, Raymond Yu-Jeang Wang, Shih-Hsin Kan, Haoyue Zhang, Jodi D Smith, Afshin Aminian, Elizabeth Snella, Jackie K Jens, Sarah P Young, Patricia I Dickson, N Matthew Ellinwood

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I), an inherited lysosomal storage disorder characterized by deficiency of

Differential Expression Of Programmed Death 1 (Pd-1) On Various Immune Cells And Its Role In Human Leprosy, Mohammad Tarique, Huma Naz, Mohd Suhail, Ali Turan, Chaman Saini, Naoshad Muhammad, Hari Shankar, Torki A Zughaibi, Tabish H Khan, Neena Khanna, Alpana Sharma

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Leprosy is a chronic bacterial disease caused by

Molecular Techniques Drive Cutting Edge Advancements In Management Of Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma, Mitchell N Lefebvre, Nicholas Borcherding, Ryan J Reis, Eric Mou, Vincent Liu, Ali Jabbari

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Cutaneous 5T cell lymphoma (CTCL), characterized by malignant T cells infiltrating the skin with potential for dissemination, remains a challenging disease to diagnose and treat due to disease heterogeneity, treatment resistance, and lack of effective and standardized diagnostic and prognostic clinical tools. Currently, diagnosis of CTCL practically relies on clinical presentation, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. These methods are collectively fraught with limitations in sensitivity and specificity. Fortunately, recent advances in flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction, high throughput sequencing, and other molecular techniques have shown promise in improving diagnosis and treatment of CTCL. Examples of these advances include T cell receptor clonotyping …

Book Review L Boats In A Storm: Law, Migration, And Decolonization In South And Southeast Asia, 1942–1962 By Kalyani Ramnath (Stanford University Press 2023), Anwesha Ghosh

National Law School Journal

Book Review l Boats in a Storm: Law, Migration, and Decolonization in South and Southeast Asia by Kalyani Ramnath

Editorial

National Law School Journal

This editorial contextualises the articles in Issue 17(2), which treat matters of public discourse primarily through the lens of public law.

The Paradox Of Juridical Secularism: An Illustration Through The Cases Of Sabarimala And Hijab, Sukriti .

National Law School Journal

Secularism in India was imagined in cognisance of religion's entrenchment in the public life of the country as well as in people’s identities. This form of secularism was made possible within the Constitution of India through a broad framing of religious freedoms that was limited by statist concerns such as public order, morality, and health. In the face of rising majoritarianism, secular values are under serious challenge, impacting the right to religious freedom and expression. In the face of this challenge, this article assesses the judiciary’s engagement with religion on issues of discrimination against women. The article contends that the …

Towards A Monist Constitutional Ideology? In Re: Article 370 Of The Constitution, Subordination Of Jammu And Kashmir, And The Supra-Constitutional Presidential Power, Zaid Deva

National Law School Journal

This case comment shows how the fascination for a certain form of a monist constitutional order, first articulated by the opposition during the Nehru years, was institutionalised in the form of a judicial discourse, culminating in the Article 370 judgement. At the heart of this discourse lay two imaginaries: (i) a subordinated Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) and (ii) an unbounded or supra-constitutional power vested in the Indian president to deal with J&K, freed of the express conditions precedent laid down in the proviso to Clause 3 of Article 370. In this case comment, I trace the continuities between these monist …

Inhibition Of Mirna Associated With A Disease-Specific Signature And Secreted Via Extracellular Vesicles Of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Suppresses Target Organ Inflammation In A Humanized Mouse Model, Nicholas A Young, Emily Schwarz, Braden M Zeno, Shane Bruckner, Rosana A Mesa, Kyle Jablonski, Lai-Chu Wu, Elisha D O Roberson, Wael N Jarjour

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Distinct, disease-associated intracellular miRNA (miR) expression profiles have been observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) patients. Additionally, we have identified novel estrogenic responses in PBMCs from SLE patients and demonstrated that estrogen upregulates toll-like receptor (TLR)7 and TLR8 expression. TLR7 and TLR8 bind viral-derived single-stranded RNA to stimulate innate inflammatory responses, but recent studies have shown that miR-21, mir-29a, and miR-29b can also bind and activate these receptors when packaged and secreted in extracellular vesicles (EVs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of EV-encapsulated small RNA species in SLE …

Glaucoma And Microglia-Induced Neuroinflammation, Makoto Ishikawa, Yukitoshi Izumi, Kota Sato, Taimu Sato, Charles F Zorumski, Hiroshi Kunikata, Toru Nakazawa

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Glaucoma is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive optic neuropathy resulting in visual field defects. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the greatest risk factor for the development of glaucoma, and IOP reduction therapy is the only treatment currently available. However, there are many cases in which retinal degeneration progresses despite sufficient control of IOP. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the pathophysiology of glaucoma that is resistant to current IOP lowering therapies. Experiments using animal glaucoma models show the relationships between microglial neuroinflammatory responses and damage of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Inhibition of neuroinflammatory pathways associated with microglial …

Case Report: Peptide Receptor Radioligand Therapy In Metastatic Pediatric Neuroendocrine Tumors, Khanyisile Hlongwa, Olumayowa Kolade, Abdulilah Alnabulsi, Rachelle Steyn, Anita Brink, Vikas Prasad, Stuart More

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are not commonly diagnosed in children. Metastatic NETs tend to have poor outcomes, and this is seen in adult and pediatric populations. The role of somatostatin receptor imaging using [

Is Conservative Opposition To Climate Change Threat-Based? Articulating An Integrated Threat Model Of Climate Change Attitudes, Samantha K. Stanley, Kirsti M. Jylhä, Zoe Leviston, Iain Walker

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Throughout the literature, there are assertions that those endorsing conservative ideologies reject the science and solutions of climate change due to perceived threat. That is, they fear that accepting climate change means accepting problems with a favoured socioeconomic system and supporting action on climate change threatens to disrupt these systems. We draw together lines of research and reasoning on this topic to outline three key predictions this perspective makes about the drivers of conservative denial of climate change and opposition to climate policy. The first is that an asymmetry exists in climate-related threat perceptions, whereby greater endorsement of conservative ideology …

Relationship Quality In Customer-Service Robot Interactions In Industry 5.0: An Analysis Of Value Recipes, Sanjit K. Roy, Gaganpreet Singh, Richard L. Gruner, Bidit L. Dey, Saadia Shabnam, Syed S. Muhammad, Mohammed Quaddus

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The paper studies the interactions between customers and robots within the framework of Industry 5.0-driven services. Prior studies have explored several factors contributing to the quality of these interactions, with perceived value being a crucial aspect. This study uses value recipes, which refer to specific configurations of how different benefits and costs are weighed up/evaluated, as a theoretical framework to investigate the quality of relationships between customers and service robots. The study aims to shed light on the complex interplay between different value dimensions that shape customers' relationships with robots. To achieve this goal, the authors analyze what value configurations …

Survey Of Attitudes Toward Performing And Reflecting On Required Team Service-Learning (Sasl): Psychometric Data And Reliability/Validity For Healthcare Professions Students In Preclinical Courses, Lon J. Van Winkle, Shane L. Rogers, Bradley O. Thornock, Brian D. Schwartz, Alexis Horst, Jensen A. Fisher, Nicole Michels

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: Previously we assessed healthcare professional students’ feelings about team-based learning, implicit bias, and service to the community using an in-house paper survey. In this study, we determined whether this survey is a reliable and valid measure of prospective medical students’ attitudes toward required service-learning in an Immunology course. To our knowledge, no published questionnaire has been shown to be dependable and useful for measuring such attitudes using only eight survey items. Methods: Fifty-eight prospective medical students in Colorado (CO) and 15 in Utah (UT) completed the same Immunology course using remote technology. In addition to the usual course content, …

Utilizing Proteomics To Identify And Optimize Microalgae Strains For High-Quality Dietary Protein: A Review, Sara Hamzelou, Damien Belobrajdic, James A. Broadbent, Angéla Juhász, Kim L. Chang, Ian Jameson, Peter Ralph, Michelle L. Colgrave

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Algae-derived protein has immense potential to provide high-quality protein foods for the expanding human population. To meet its potential, a broad range of scientific tools are required to identify optimal algal strains from the hundreds of thousands available and identify ideal growing conditions for strains that produce high-quality protein with functional benefits. A research pipeline that includes proteomics can provide a deeper interpretation of microalgal composition and biochemistry in the pursuit of these goals. To date, proteomic investigations have largely focused on pathways that involve lipid production in selected microalgae species. Herein, we report the current state of microalgal proteome …

Detectable Ctdna At The Time Of Treatment Cessation Of Ipilimumab And Nivolumab For Toxicity Predicts Disease Progression In Advanced Melanoma Patients, Lydia Warburton, Anna Reid, Benhur Amanuel, Leslie Calapre, Michael Millward, Elin Gray

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has led to unprecedented outcomes for melanoma patients but is associated with toxicity. ICI resumption after high grade irAEs poses a significant challenge in the clinical management of melanoma patients and there are no biomarkers that can help identify patients that might benefit from resuming treatment. This study aims to determine if circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels at the time of treatment-limiting irAE could guide treatment decisions in this clinical context. Methods: This is a retrospective exploratory biomarker study from 34 patients treated with combination ICI for stage IV melanoma. Patients had a treatment-limiting toxicity …

Human In Vivo Medial Gastrocnemius Gear During Active And Passive Muscle Lengthening: Effect Of Inconsistent Methods And Nomenclature On Data Interpretation, Matheus Daros Pinto, Kazunori Nosaka, James M. Wakeling, Anthony J. Blazevich

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

‘Muscle gear’ is calculated as the ratio of fascicle-to-muscle length change, strain, or velocity. Inconsistencies in nomenclature and definitions of gear exist across disciplines partly due to differences in fascicle [curved (Lf) versus linear (Lf,straight)] and muscle [whole-muscle belly (Lb) versus belly segment (Lb,segment)] length calculation methods. We tested whether these differences affect gear magnitude during passive and active muscle lengthening of human medial gastrocnemius of young men (n=13, 26.3±5.0 years) using an isokinetic dynamometer. Lb, Lb,segment, Lf and Lf,straight were measured from motion analysis and ultrasound imaging data. Downshifts in belly gear but not belly segment gear occurred with …

Iron Homeostasis And Post-Hemorrhagic Hydrocephalus: A Review, Shelei Pan, Andrew T Hale, Mackenzie E Lemieux, Dhvanii K Raval, Thomas P Garton, Brooke Sadler, Kelly B Mahaney, Jennifer M Strahle

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Iron physiology is regulated by a complex interplay of extracellular transport systems, coordinated transcriptional responses, and iron efflux mechanisms. Dysregulation of iron metabolism can result in defects in myelination, neurotransmitter synthesis, and neuronal maturation. In neonates, germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) causes iron overload as a result of blood breakdown in the ventricles and brain parenchyma which can lead to post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH). However, the precise mechanisms by which GMH-IVH results in PHH remain elusive. Understanding the molecular determinants of iron homeostasis in the developing brain may lead to improved therapies. This manuscript reviews the various roles iron has in brain …

Understanding Tailoring To Support The Implementation Of Evidence-Based Interventions In Healthcare: The Customise Research Programme Protocol, Sheena M Mchugh, Fiona Riordan, Claire Kerins, Geoff Curran, Cara C Lewis, Justin Presseau, Luke Wolfenden, Byron J Powell

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Although there are effective evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to prevent, treat and coordinate care for chronic conditions they may not be adopted widely and when adopted, implementation challenges can limit their impact. Implementation strategies are "methods or techniques used to enhance the adoption, implementation, and sustainment of a clinical program or practice". There is some evidence to suggest that to be more effective, strategies should be

Improvement In The Capacity For Activity Versus Improvement In Performance Of Activity In Daily Life During Outpatient Rehabilitation, Catherine E. Lang, Carey L. Holleran, Michael J. Strube, Terry D. Ellis, Caitlin A. Newman, Meghan Fahey, Tamara R. Deangelis, Timothy J. Nordahl, Darcy S. Reisman, Gammon M. Earhart, Keith R. Lohse, Marghuretta D. Bland

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: We addressed questions about the potential discrepancy between improvements in activity capacity and improvements in activity performance in daily life. We asked whether this discrepancy is: 1. Common in routine, outpatient care, or an artifact of intervention studies? 2. Unique to upper limb (UL) rehabilitation, or is it seen in walking rehabilitation too? 3. Only seen in persons with stroke, or a broader neurorehabilitation problem?

METHODS:: A longitudinal, observational cohort of 156 participants with stroke or Parkinson disease (PD) receiving outpatient rehabilitation at 5 clinics was assessed around admission and monthly during their episode of care. Individual, longitudinal capacity …

Eliminating Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infections In Pediatric Oncology Patients: A Quality Improvement Effort, Daniel N. Willis, Karen Looper, Rema A. Malone, Barbara Ricken, Ashley Slater, Amanda Fuller, Meagan Mccaughey, Angela Niesen, Joan R. Smith, Beverly Brozanski

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) are the largest contributor to harm across the Children's Hospital's Solutions for Patient Safety network. Pediatric hematology/oncology (PHO) patients are at increased risk for CLABSI due to multiple factors. Consequently, traditional CLABSI prevention strategies are insufficient to eliminate CLABSI in this high-risk population.

METHODS: Our SMART aim was to reduce the CLABSI rate by 50% from a baseline of 1.89/1000 central line days to less than 0.9/1000 central line days by December 31, 2021. We created a multidisciplinary team being mindful to identify roles and responsibilities upfront. We developed a key driver diagram and …

Lymphatic Contractile Dysfunction In Mouse Models Of Cantú Syndrome With Katp Channel Gain-Of-Function, Michael J Davis, Jorge A Castorena-Gonzalez, Hae Jin Kim, Min Li, Maria Remedi, Colin G Nichols

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Cantú Syndrome (CS) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by gain-of-function (GoF) mutations in the Kir6.1 and SUR2 subunits of K

Diabetes At A Glance: Assessing Ai Strategies For Early Diabetes Detection And Intervention, Ban Salman Shukur, Noorayisahbe Mohd Yaacob, Mohamed Doheir

Mesopotamian Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

For the early identification of diabetes, a chronic illness that affects millions of people globally, artificial intelligence (AI) shows enormous promise. AI algorithms can recognize diabetes signs and give patients and healthcare providers early warnings by examining a variety of data sources, such as medical records, patient histories, and lifestyle factors. AI's capacity to evaluate sizable and intricate datasets is one of its main advantages in the diagnosis of diabetes. AI is capable of taking into account a broad range of variables that could lead to diabetes, such as age, BMI, food preferences, physical activity, and genetic predisposition. Artificial intelligence …

The Modern Impact Of Artificial Intelligence Systems In Healthcare: A Concise Analysis, Habeeb Omotunde, Mourad R. Mouhamed

Mesopotamian Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Artificial intelligence systems are receiving significant attention in the healthcare domain because they have a considerable impact on the development of patients' electronic medical records (EMRs). Artificial intelligence systems have the ability to develop healthcare institutions and assist physicians in making the proper decisions. These systems have the ability to perform diagnosis, provide appropriate treatment, and perform administrative tasks in hospitals. Healthcare institutions seek to integrate hospital systems with computer systems and construct large warehouses to store data and medical records for each patient. These methods allow machine learning and deep learning algorithms to analyse diseases, predict and determine new …