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Mississippi Libraries 85(4) Winter 2022 (Full Issue)

Mississippi Libraries

Complete issue of Mississippi Libraries Volume 85 Number 4 Winter 2022

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Mississippi Libraries 85(3) Fall 2022 (Full Issue)

Mississippi Libraries

Complete issue of Mississippi Libraries Volume 85 Number 3 Fall 2022

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The Effects Of Running Velocity And Lower Extremity Loading On Biarticular Leg Muscles During Treadmill Running, Xiao Qi Zhang, Chung-Yu Chen, Wen-Yu Chiu, Ti-Yu Chen

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in muscle activity levels in treadmill running while using wearable resistance as a function of running speed. Nine recreational runners participated in this study; they were requested to perform the running without and with wearable resistance at four discrete speeds ranging from 2.5 to 7.0 m/s on a treadmill. The mass of wearable resistance was set at one third of each participant’s shank and foot mass. Repeated-measures two-way ANOVA analysis was then used to explore the effect of loaded and speed. The data showed that shank loading enlarged the activation …

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Predicting Active Foot Contact In The Acceleration Phase Of Athletic Sprinting Through Accelerometer Measurements, Marvin Zedler, Veit Schopper, Wolfgang Potthast, Jan-Peter Goldmann

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Active foot contact (absence of a braking impulse) during the acceleration phase of athletic sprinting is associated with the motion of the foot before touchdown (TD). Since the identification of braking impulses through force plate measurements is cost-expensive, the aim of this study was to develop a machine learning algorithm to predict active foot contact occurrences based on ankle-mounted accelerometer measurements. Ten recreationally active athletes (three females, seven males) performed 30 sprint-block-starts each, which were used as input to the machine learning model. Model performance was assessed by the AUC for both validation (AUC = 0.96) and testing (AUC = …

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Evaluating Performance Measures For The Bobsleigh Push Start, Marvin Zedler

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Quantification of performance is essential to understand performance determinants. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate different performance measures applied to the bobsleigh push start and to discuss the choice of an appropriate measure for research and coaching. Measures based on the change in kinetic energy and based on the change in momentum were calculated for the early acceleration phase during the push start and compared by means of correlation analyses. Both energy-based and momentum-based methods lead to similar results while it is important to consider the athlete and the bob as a system. Further clarification is required …

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Association Between Age And Body’S Kinematic Responses To Unpredictable Gait Perturbation, Dongyual Yoo, Chihyeong Lee, Jooeun Ahn, Beom-Chan Lee

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study assessed the body’s kinematic responses to unpredictable gait perturbations repeatedly induced by a fall-inducing technology platform in young and older adults. Ten young adults (young group) and ten older adults (older group) completed two trials with the gait perturbation (i.e., trip). Maximum trunk flexion angle, maximum right hip flexion angle, and minimum whole-body center of mass (COM) position quantified the body’s kinematic responses for a pre-trip period and a recovery period. The results showed that both groups significantly increased maximum trunk flexion angle and maximum right hip flexion angle during the recovery period compared to the pre-trip period. …

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Lower Limb Stabilization Strategies Of Dart Athletes At Different Levels, Kao Chieh Yin, Chieh-Wen Kao, Tsung-Yu Huang, Wen-Tzu Tang

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of the study was to understand lower limb stabilization strategies during the acceleration phase of dart throwing in athletes at different levels. Multi-Axis Force Plates and 3D Motion Capture were adopted to collect data. Six male darts athletes, including three elite athletes and three sub elite athletes, throw darts to hit Bull's Eye abiding the rules of the World Darts Federation. The study shows that during acceleration phase, the ground reaction force of elite athletes changes substantially, while the change of ground reaction force of sub elite athletes was relatively small. Significant difference of the change in the …

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The Influence Of Mood During Treadmill Running On Biomechanical Asymmetry Of The Lower-Limb, Cheryl A. Williams Miss, Timothy Exell Dr, Miznah Al-Abbadey Dr

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to investigate if mood effects lower-limb biomechanical asymmetry during running. Twenty runners (13M, 7F; age 22-58 years), performed four 3-minute runs at their 5km pace (3.3 ± 0.3 m/s), preceded by a mood questionnaire. Baseline data were captured, followed by randomised mood conditions: anger, happiness, and sadness; elicited with film clips and music. Symmetry angles used for analysis. In the sadness condition, compared with baseline, biomechanical asymmetry significantly increased (p < .05) by 3.7% at ground contact for hip abduction, and at toe-off for knee abduction by 0.6% and internal rotation by 1.1%. Toe-off plantarflexion asymmetry decreased by 2.2% with anger, compared to baseline. Happiness did not appear to affect asymmetry. Results suggest sadness may increase asymmetry and associated overuse injury risk, and anger may facilitate symmetry.

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Skilled Riders Manage Horse Gait Complexity Through A Gait Transition Whilst Also Maintaining Stable Horse-Rider Coordination Variability, Celeste A. Wilkins, Franky Mulloy

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Equestrian riders aim to cue smooth transitions between horse gaits. This study aimed to investigate whether competitive horse rider (n=10) decrease horse gait regularity and increase horse-rider coordination variability in the region of a gait transition (n=6; both walk-trot, and trot-canter) relative to baseline walk, trot and canter. Resultant accelerations from IMUs affixed to the horse’s girth and rider’s pelvis were calculated. Horse gait regularity was quantified as multiscale sample entropy (MSSE) of the pelvis. Horse-rider coordination variability (Coord_var) was quantified as the standard deviation of the horse-rider continuous relative phase. Pre-transition MSSE did not increase; post-transition MSSE …

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Biomechanics Student’S Learning And Perceptions Of Learning Due To The Covid-19 Pandemic And Associated Mitigation, Brian J. Wallace, Duane Knudson

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated mitigation protocols on student learning and perceptions of learning in a biomechanics course. Students (n=31) enrolled in a three credit-hour biomechanics class in the Spring 2022 semester participated. Six questions related to the effects of mitigation protocols on student perceptions of learning. Three questions asked about to course-related student behaviours. Learning scores (g) were similar to those previously reported. Students believed that mitigation negatively affected getting to know and communicate with classmates (>50%), they had to implement different learning strategies (55%), and learning …

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Gravel Bike Vibrations, Josef Viellehner, Wolfgang Potthast

ISBS Proceedings Archive

TThe purpose of this pilot study was to explore the vibration exposure of Gravel bikes at different tire pressures. Therefore, 9 cyclists (73.7 ± 10.2 kg, 1.78 ± 0.06 m) rode a 150 m flat gravel section at a constant speed of 25 km/h with three tire pressure conditions (1.5, 2.5, 3.5 bar). Horizontal and vertical accelerations at the front dropout (FDO) and rear dropout (RDO) were recorded. Reducing the tire pressure from 3.5 to 1.5 bar resulted in a significant decrease in the resulting acceleration at the FDO from 3.41 ± 0.18 g to 2.07 ± 0.07 g …

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Comparison Of Joint Kinematics Between Different Resisted Sprint Loads With Different Phases Of Acceleration Of Normal Sprints In Experienced Sprinters, Roland Van Den Tillaar

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to compare joint kinematics of different active resisted loads upon different phases of the acceleration (similar velocity) of a normal sprint. Fifteen experienced male sprinters performed a 50-m sprint with maximal effort from a start block, followed by a 10, 20, 30m with resisted sprints provided by a robotic pully system that gave resp. 65, 50, 25 and 10% reduction of peak velocity, while joint kinematics were measured. The main findings were that in the contact phase most kinematics were similar between the two. During the flight phase maximal hip and knee flexion and …

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Evaluating The Influence Of Knee Joint Angle On Maximum Isometric Belt Squat Performance, Madison Treece, Andrew Nordin

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Belt squat testing measures maximum upward isometric force from the lower extremities using a ground-tethered belt around the waist. A lack of standardized body positioning during isometric belt squat testing can lead to inconsistent test results. We aimed to evaluate the influence of sagittal knee joint angles on maximum isometric belt squat performance. Thirty-three healthy volunteers (24 female) performed one maximal effort belt squat at five randomly ordered sagittal knee joint angle ranges: (1) 80-100°, (2) 100-120°, (3) 120-140°, (4) 140-160°, and (5) 160-180°. Sagittal knee joint angles between 120-140° and 140-160° led to greater maximum vertical ground reaction forces …

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Pain Or No Pain – The Kinematic Consequences In Overhead Throwing Within Team Handball – A Case Study, Tina Piil Torabi, Jesper Bencke, Roland Van Den Tillaar

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Overuse injuries are unfortunately common in team handball. Non-optimal throwing kinematic is considered a risk factor in overhead sports, but no investigation has been presented if pain influence throwing kinematics or how it may affect the technique in an overhead throw in team handball players. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of shoulder pain on throwing kinematics and neuromuscular activity within a female elite handball player – playing with shoulder pain and 4 years later, without shoulder pain. The main findings were that the maximal shoulder extension (8.9°), abduction (5.2°) and internal rotation (27.7°) increased in …

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Two And Three-Dimensional Assessments Of Lower-Limb Kinematics In Underwater Fly Kick, Isobel M. Thompson Miss, Dominic A. Hudson Prof., Martin Warner Dr, Joseph Banks Dr, Oliver Logan

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to compare sagittal plane lower limb kinematics of underwater fly kick measured using two and three-dimensional methods. Eight male participants (average FINA points score 801±138) completed underwater fly kick trials, recorded using a six camera Qualisys underwater system. Each trial was analysed using both two and three-dimensional methods. Lower-limb angles were significantly underestimated using two-dimensional methods, particularly at the hip where flexion and range of motion reduced by 13.73 degrees and 15.91 degrees respectively. The ankle and hip produce a large amount motion in the transverse and frontal planes. The results of two-dimensional analyses …

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Relationship Between Kinematic Characteristics And Free-Throw Shooting Precision: Markerless Motion Capture Analysis, Tylan Templin, Dimitrije Cabarkapa, Jonathan Miller, Damjana Cabarkapa, Andrew Fry, Travis Eliason, Lance Frazer, Omar Medjaouri, David Chambers, Kase Saylor, Daniel Nicolella

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The search for aspects of basketball shooting that characterize successful performance is an area of focus for sports biomechanists. However, the systematic evaluation of these key elements during shooting practice is limited due to the time it takes to collect and/or process the data. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between some of the key kinematic variables extracted from a markerless motion capture system on free-throw shot performance. Multivariable linear regression analysis indicated that shot plane alignment, trunk rotation, entry angle, and timing of elbow extension were some of the key contributors to free-throw …

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Peak Rate Of Trunk Energy Outflow Differs Between Pitch Types In Softball Pitchers, Jessica Downs Talmage, Nicole M. Bordelon, Anthony W. Fava, Gretchen Oliver

ISBS Proceedings Archive

In softball players, it is unclear how certain pitch types may increase the risk of injury. The purpose of this study was to determine energy flow differences in the trunk and upper-arm segments between pitch types. Twenty-three softball pitchers participated. Absolute values of trunk energy inflow (IF) and outflow (OF), and upper arm IF, as well as segment energy flow when normalized to pitch speed were assessed in three pitch types. Differences between trunk energy OF were found between fastballs compared to curveballs and dropballs. When normalized to pitch speed, trunk energy OF only differed between fastballs and dropballs. For …

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Affordance And Its Role In Sepaktakraw Kuda And Sila Serve Non-Planar Kicking Techniques – A Preliminary Qualitative Analysis For Coaching Implication, Ian Harris Sujae, Wan Rizal Wan Zakariah, Chin Yong Alexander Ong, Syahriall Bakhtiar, Joseph Hamill

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to establish the affordance and its role in Sepaktakraw serve for coaching implications. Five successful kuda and sila trials performed by two trained male players, captured using a high-speed optical camera system, were analyzed. Variations in kicking limb hip-knee joint coordination to impact suggest ball placements be an affordance in Sepaktakraw serve. This affords what the server must do to ensure optimal foot-to-ball impact velocities without compromising ball velocities. With differences in kicking limb length, this coordination becomes player specific, and the ability to adapt and adjust his coordination pattern depends on such affordance. Servers must vary …

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Application Of Surface Emg Decomposition To Identify Changes In Neuromuscular Control During Fatiguing Exercise, Brett Still, Alexander Willmott, Steven Lindley, Franky Mulloy

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to apply surface EMG decomposition to identify changes in neuromuscular control of lower limb muscles during fatiguing exercise. Trained participants (n=15) completed a repeat sprints cycling fatigue protocol. Motor unit firing rates and motor unit recruitment timings were identified for six muscles. A moderate to strong correlation between firing rates and recruitment timings were identified for individual participant data (r = -0.46 to r = -1.00). No significant group effects were reported when each muscle was examined independently (repeat measures ANOVA; slope, intercept; F < 1.84, p > 0.119). However, changes in regression parameters were indentified for …

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The Influence Of Grip Positioning On Muscle Activation Patterns In Tennis Forehand: A Preliminary Investigation, Magdalena Stepnik, Stephanie L. Jones

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study compared muscle activation patterns during the forehand stroke among thirteen nonprofessional tennis players across three grip positions [Eastern(4), Semi Western(6), Western(3)]. Surface electromyography was used to assess fourteen trunk and dominant upper arm muscles, while hitting forehand crosscourt shots using their preferred grip. Individuals using Semi Western grip demonstrated higher activation of proximal musculature responsible for horizontal flexion/internal rotation at the shoulder (Pectoralis), whereas those using Eastern grip had higher activation in distal musculature (FCU, ECR), acting primarily to control flexion/extension. These differences suggest the Eastern grip requires less axial rotation of the arm but more contribution of …

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Falling Results In Variables Associated With Decreased Acl Loading During Landings After Mid-Flight Trunk Perturbation, Yu Song, Ling Li, Jacob Layer, Gerwyn Hughes, Derek Smith, Margaret Wilson, Qin Zhu, Boyi Dai

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Trunk contact is commonly observed near the time of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Soft landings and falling after landing are suggested to decrease ACL injury risk. The purpose was to assess the effect of natural landing, soft landing, and falling techniques on variables associated with ACL loading, including knee flexion, impact forces, knee abduction angles and moments during single-leg landings with or without mid-flight medial-lateral external upper-trunk perturbation. Twenty-eight participants performed single-leg landings using the three landing techniques with or without mid-flight perturbation. Falling resulted in variables associated with decreased ACL loading compared to natural and soft landings, especially …

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Kinematic Analysis Of Pop Dance Choreographies Through Modular Motor Synergy, Keli Shen, Jun-Ichiro Hirayama

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Pop dance, or popping, is a subgenre of hip hop dance popularized during the last decades, while its biomechanics is not well understood yet. This study aimed to understand pop dance motions through modular motor synergy analysis. Pop dance performance by three experienced dancers, measured with a markerless human pose estimation method, was analyzed with principal component analysis (PCA) to extract motor synergies. The synergies obtained indicated the movement complexity and specific motor coordination patterns of ten typical pop dance choreographies, with emphasis on elbow, shoulder, hip and knee contributions. The results will enhance our understanding of complex dance movements, …

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Validation Of An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Estimation Of Trunk Motion In Sit-Skiing: A Pilot Study, Anna C. Severin, Gertjan Ettema, Jan Kocbach, Jørgen Danielsen

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Sagittal plane trunk movement is important for producing propulsive force when sit-skiing. We aimed to validate the use of inertial measurement units for measuring sagittal plane trunk movements during sit-skiing in the field. Able-bodied participants (n=4) performed 30 seconds of sit-skiing in a kneeling position on a treadmill while one AdMos IMU sensor (on the upper back) and 4 reflective markers on the trunk recorded kinematics. A secondary validation was performed with 4 sensors and markers attached to a rigid body, which was rotated to mimic the trunk during sit-skiing. For the rigid body, the root mean square error was

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Isokinetic Strength In Female Soccer Players By Player Position, Carlos Sepúlveda, Vicente Fernández, Rony Silvestre, Felipe Giancáspero, Esteban Aedo-Muñoz, Alejandro Bustamante-Garrido, Carlos Burgos-Jara, Hugo Cerda-Kohler

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to establish reference values and compare isokinetic performance in female soccer players according to player position. Eighty-seven female soccer players from the Chilean first-division soccer clubs were evaluated in isokinetic strength. The player position was grouped as goalkeeper (GK), central defender (CD), lateral defender (LD), midfielder (MF), and forward (FW). Concentric knee extension and flexion muscle strength measurements were conducted using a standardized test protocol with an angular velocity of 60º/sec. There were no differences in peak torque of knee extension and flexion between player positions in both the dominant leg (DL) and the nondominant leg (NDL). …

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Measuring Instantaneous Velocity In Four Swim Strokes Using An Automatic Head Tracking System: A Comparison Study, Michelle Scott, Nathan Elsworthy, Marc Elipot, Victoria Brackley, Crystal O. Kean

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study compared instantaneous swimming velocity from an automated video-based system to a tethered speedometer. Twenty-two state- and national-level swimmers (7 M, 15 F; 14.5 ± 2.5 yrs) swam 25 m of each stroke at maximal intensity. Bland-Altman plots showed good agreement between systems for backstroke and freestyle but poorer agreement for butterfly and breaststroke. The RMS error was also lower in backstroke and freestyle compared to butterfly and breaststroke. The differences in systems may be explained by the different body segments tracked by each system (head vs hips) and with differences being more apparent during butterfly and breaststroke due …

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Kinetic Analysis Of Agility Ladders Drills And Their Comparison To Sport-Specific Movements Such As Shuffling And Sprinting, Brelynn S. Scoles, Maeve Sullivan, Megan E. Gold, Madison J. Blankenship, Hunter L. Frisk, Brian R. Biggs

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study assessed agility ladder drills for the purpose of comparing kinetic characteristics of these drills to one another, and to sprinting and shuffling. Subjects (N=30) performed six agility ladder drills as well as sprinted and shuffled to the left and right over two large force platforms. A repeated measure ANOVA was used to assess horizontal and vertical ground reaction force (GRF) and the ratio of horizontal to vertical GRF, averaged from three steps for each drill. Significant main effects were found for all variables (p ≤ 0.001). Post-hoc analysis identified differences (p ≤ 0.05) between the agility …

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Differences In The Energy Flow, Ground Reaction Force, And Impulse During Baseball Tee Batting Between High School And Collegiate Baseball Players, Joshua Schneider, Arnel Aguinaldo, Avery Takata

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purposes of this study were to examine the differences in the peak impulses and ground reaction forces (GRF) of the lead and back legs as well as how energy flows (energy absorption, generation, and transfer) in the back hip, front hip, and L5S1 joints during the baseball swing phases between high school and collegiate baseball players. The findings indicate that the mechanical energy flows down the chain from the L5S1 joint to the pelvis into the lead leg during the bat acceleration phase of the swing in both participant groups. It is hoped that these findings may help coaches …

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Hip And Lumbosacral Joint Centre Locations In Asian Population: Biases By Existing Regressions And Development Of New Methods, Natsuki Sado, Takeshi Edagawa, Toshihide Fujimori, Shogo Hashimoto, Yoshikazu Okamoto, Takahito Nakajima

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Accurate prediction of the lumbosacral and hip joint centres (LSJC, HJC) is crucial for the analysis of lumbo-pelvic-hip dynamics in various movements. Here we show that pre-existing regressions proposed by European research groups produce biased estimates of the LSJC and HJC in Japanese males and females (n = 23, 24), and that the biases in LSJC depend on sex. When compared to locations directly measured by MRI, the pre-existing regressions estimated the LSJC to be more posterior in males and more inferior and posterior in females, and the HJC to be more medial for both sexes. We suggest the …

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Can Short Bouts Of Technique Training Improve Sprint Technique And Performance In Youth Soccer Players?, Saint Andrews Sackey, Archit Navandar, Sami Kuitunen

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to investigate whether a technique-oriented intervention would result in improvements in sprint running technique and sprint performance in youth soccer players. Fourteen youth soccer players with pelvis and trunk control issues were divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group did three weekly 15 minute running technique-oriented training sessions over seven weeks while their counterparts continued with their usual training programme. Sprint performance and technique were assessed before and after the intervention with a Laveg device and two video cameras, respectively, during a 40-m maximal sprint test. The players of the intervention group showed improved control …

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Clustering Long-Distance Runners Based On Their Technique At One Single Speed Does Not Generalise To Multiple Speeds, Adrian R. Rivadulla, Xi Chen, Dario Cazzola, Grant Trewartha, Ezio Preatoni

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aim of this study was to assess whether clustering runners based on their technique resulted in consistent group allocations across multiple speeds. Eighty-four runners (34 females) completed four 4-minute running stages at 10, 11, 12 and 13 km/h. For each stage, running technique was characterised using a set of continuous variables in the sagittal plane and discrete stride-based variables. An autoencoder neural network was used for dimensionality reduction and agglomerative hierarchical clustering was applied to identify groups of runners with a similar technique. Two clusters for each speed were selected and the clustering partitions at different incremental speeds were …

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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Mississippi Libraries 85(4) Winter 2022 (Full Issue)

Mississippi Libraries

Mississippi Libraries 85(3) Fall 2022 (Full Issue)

Mississippi Libraries

The Effects Of Running Velocity And Lower Extremity Loading On Biarticular Leg Muscles During Treadmill Running, Xiao Qi Zhang, Chung-Yu Chen, Wen-Yu Chiu, Ti-Yu Chen

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Predicting Active Foot Contact In The Acceleration Phase Of Athletic Sprinting Through Accelerometer Measurements, Marvin Zedler, Veit Schopper, Wolfgang Potthast, Jan-Peter Goldmann

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Evaluating Performance Measures For The Bobsleigh Push Start, Marvin Zedler

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Association Between Age And Body’S Kinematic Responses To Unpredictable Gait Perturbation, Dongyual Yoo, Chihyeong Lee, Jooeun Ahn, Beom-Chan Lee

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Lower Limb Stabilization Strategies Of Dart Athletes At Different Levels, Kao Chieh Yin, Chieh-Wen Kao, Tsung-Yu Huang, Wen-Tzu Tang

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The Influence Of Mood During Treadmill Running On Biomechanical Asymmetry Of The Lower-Limb, Cheryl A. Williams Miss, Timothy Exell Dr, Miznah Al-Abbadey Dr

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Skilled Riders Manage Horse Gait Complexity Through A Gait Transition Whilst Also Maintaining Stable Horse-Rider Coordination Variability, Celeste A. Wilkins, Franky Mulloy

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Biomechanics Student’S Learning And Perceptions Of Learning Due To The Covid-19 Pandemic And Associated Mitigation, Brian J. Wallace, Duane Knudson

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Gravel Bike Vibrations, Josef Viellehner, Wolfgang Potthast

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Comparison Of Joint Kinematics Between Different Resisted Sprint Loads With Different Phases Of Acceleration Of Normal Sprints In Experienced Sprinters, Roland Van Den Tillaar

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Evaluating The Influence Of Knee Joint Angle On Maximum Isometric Belt Squat Performance, Madison Treece, Andrew Nordin

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Pain Or No Pain – The Kinematic Consequences In Overhead Throwing Within Team Handball – A Case Study, Tina Piil Torabi, Jesper Bencke, Roland Van Den Tillaar

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Two And Three-Dimensional Assessments Of Lower-Limb Kinematics In Underwater Fly Kick, Isobel M. Thompson Miss, Dominic A. Hudson Prof., Martin Warner Dr, Joseph Banks Dr, Oliver Logan

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Relationship Between Kinematic Characteristics And Free-Throw Shooting Precision: Markerless Motion Capture Analysis, Tylan Templin, Dimitrije Cabarkapa, Jonathan Miller, Damjana Cabarkapa, Andrew Fry, Travis Eliason, Lance Frazer, Omar Medjaouri, David Chambers, Kase Saylor, Daniel Nicolella

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Peak Rate Of Trunk Energy Outflow Differs Between Pitch Types In Softball Pitchers, Jessica Downs Talmage, Nicole M. Bordelon, Anthony W. Fava, Gretchen Oliver

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Affordance And Its Role In Sepaktakraw Kuda And Sila Serve Non-Planar Kicking Techniques – A Preliminary Qualitative Analysis For Coaching Implication, Ian Harris Sujae, Wan Rizal Wan Zakariah, Chin Yong Alexander Ong, Syahriall Bakhtiar, Joseph Hamill

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Application Of Surface Emg Decomposition To Identify Changes In Neuromuscular Control During Fatiguing Exercise, Brett Still, Alexander Willmott, Steven Lindley, Franky Mulloy

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The Influence Of Grip Positioning On Muscle Activation Patterns In Tennis Forehand: A Preliminary Investigation, Magdalena Stepnik, Stephanie L. Jones

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Falling Results In Variables Associated With Decreased Acl Loading During Landings After Mid-Flight Trunk Perturbation, Yu Song, Ling Li, Jacob Layer, Gerwyn Hughes, Derek Smith, Margaret Wilson, Qin Zhu, Boyi Dai

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Kinematic Analysis Of Pop Dance Choreographies Through Modular Motor Synergy, Keli Shen, Jun-Ichiro Hirayama

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Validation Of An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Estimation Of Trunk Motion In Sit-Skiing: A Pilot Study, Anna C. Severin, Gertjan Ettema, Jan Kocbach, Jørgen Danielsen

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Isokinetic Strength In Female Soccer Players By Player Position, Carlos Sepúlveda, Vicente Fernández, Rony Silvestre, Felipe Giancáspero, Esteban Aedo-Muñoz, Alejandro Bustamante-Garrido, Carlos Burgos-Jara, Hugo Cerda-Kohler

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Measuring Instantaneous Velocity In Four Swim Strokes Using An Automatic Head Tracking System: A Comparison Study, Michelle Scott, Nathan Elsworthy, Marc Elipot, Victoria Brackley, Crystal O. Kean

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Kinetic Analysis Of Agility Ladders Drills And Their Comparison To Sport-Specific Movements Such As Shuffling And Sprinting, Brelynn S. Scoles, Maeve Sullivan, Megan E. Gold, Madison J. Blankenship, Hunter L. Frisk, Brian R. Biggs

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Differences In The Energy Flow, Ground Reaction Force, And Impulse During Baseball Tee Batting Between High School And Collegiate Baseball Players, Joshua Schneider, Arnel Aguinaldo, Avery Takata

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Hip And Lumbosacral Joint Centre Locations In Asian Population: Biases By Existing Regressions And Development Of New Methods, Natsuki Sado, Takeshi Edagawa, Toshihide Fujimori, Shogo Hashimoto, Yoshikazu Okamoto, Takahito Nakajima

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Can Short Bouts Of Technique Training Improve Sprint Technique And Performance In Youth Soccer Players?, Saint Andrews Sackey, Archit Navandar, Sami Kuitunen

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Clustering Long-Distance Runners Based On Their Technique At One Single Speed Does Not Generalise To Multiple Speeds, Adrian R. Rivadulla, Xi Chen, Dario Cazzola, Grant Trewartha, Ezio Preatoni

ISBS Proceedings Archive