Digital Commons Network^™

Spec-221-Core: Anisotropic Phonon-Focusing Ray Maps And Isospectral Thermal Boundary Shielding For Room-Temperature Ternary Compute Cores, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification establishes the definitive architectural layout and mathematical criteria for integrating directional, ray-like anisotropic phonon transport profiles directly into the inter-node entanglement bridges of a room-temperature ternary quantum computer. It provides an immediate institutional upgrade to the open computing baseline, directly absorbing and defensive-blanketing the October 2026 UCLA experimental observations of room-temperature quantum heat waves. By exploiting the intrinsic, non-diffusive phonon-focusing ray paths of high-purity boron arsenide (BAs) and synthetic lithium niobate (LiNbO3) sub-structures, this framework routes chaotic environment-induced thermal noise away from localized fluid computing canvas trays. The system passes continuous thermal wave vectors through an explicit 12x12 …

Spec-220-Core: Multi-Axis Matrix Convergence Filters And Supplemental Attachment For Eckesonium™ Structural Grids, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification establishes the definitive architectural design rules and mathematical criteria for a multi-axis structural optimization compiler core designed to supplement the parent framework SPEC-173 (Eckesonium™). Because the primary parent filing is structurally locked within the repository data stream, this standalone engine provides the necessary mathematical convergence filters to permanently eliminate strain-rate tracking anomalies and boundary-collapse vulnerabilities across the Eckesonium™ metastable high-entropy alloy (iMHEA) matrix. Provenance audit PROV-SPEC-173-MOD1 revealed that under extreme, non-uniform transient impact velocities, single-point linear phase fraction calculations allow for localized math drift exceeding the mandatory 1.5 defensive envelope threshold. This specification intercepts the continuous 2D spatial …

Spec-219-Core: Dual-Track Hybrid Continuous-Variable Compilation Matrices And Phononic Isospectral Cadence Decoding, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification establishes the definitive mathematical criteria and structural compilation matrices for bridging continuous-variable (CV) macro-scale acoustofluidic wave mechanics with discrete logical states. It provides an immediate institutional and physical expansion of the open computing baseline, directly responding to and encapsulating the October 2026 MIT/LBNL hybrid hardware paradigms. By mapping the interaction of continuous bosonic wave fields within a fluid canvas to discrete fermionic data states, this framework completely resolves the computational tracking debt and signal erasure bottlenecks associated with optical read-head phase-boundary conversions. The primary objective is to harden the defensive prior art perimeter established across the Technical Disclosure …

Synthetic-Only Global Gradient Boosting With Eager-Lazy Complementary Forecasting And Feedback-Informed Retraining For Contact-Center Workload, Iyer Venkataraman Vaidyanathan, Dinesh S. Kumar, Dhaanish Mohamed, Sudheendra B A, Rajiv Shankar Daulath, Supratik Biswas, Hemanth Kumar B M, Nikita Banerji

Defensive Publications Series

A forecasting architecture is described herein that uses a global Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) trained exclusively on synthetic data parameterized by contact-center queue-behavior archetypes and operating alongside a lazy k-nearest neighbor (KNN) baseline. Both models independently predict each interval, with the lazy learner serving as a calibration anchor. A feedback loop compares the eager model output with the lazy baseline, extracts pattern characteristics of missed intervals and calibration gaps, and uses those characteristics to refine synthetic data generation and feature engineering for a later retraining cycle. Independent quality gates for call volume and average handle time (AHT) determine whether …

Ai-Driven Cross-Domain Optimization Function (Cdof) For Next-Generation Mobile Networks For Adaptive Signaling, Resource Management And Network Intelligence, Swapnil Barai, Sharad Chandra, Ravi Shekhar

Defensive Publications Series

A system is proposed herein for artificial intelligence (AI)-driven, cross-domain optimization of next-generation mobile networks, including fifth-generation (5G) Advanced and sixth-generation (6G) networks. The system provides a Cross-Domain Optimization Function (CDOF) that continuously analyzes peer communication behavior, network function interactions, compute-resource utilization, traffic demand, mobility events, and radio conditions. Based on learned behavioral patterns across network functions, slices, cloud infrastructure, and radio domains, the CDOF dynamically adjusts per-peer signaling intervals across heterogeneous protocols, derives dynamic operational slice characteristics from observed compute and workload behavior, forecasts compute and traffic demand, and generates proactive optimization recommendations for the core network and radio …

Fpga-Resident Guardrail Fabric For Large Language Model Security, Privacy, And Safety Enforcement, Barry Qi Yuan

Defensive Publications Series

A system is proposed herein for hardware-interlocked release of artificial intelligence (AI) prompts, retrieved context, model responses, tool requests, and tool results. Release-critical state remains under chip control, and each guarded object reaches RELEASED only through an atomic commit binding the object digest and sequence, the applicable guardrail action, a protected-state update, a package epoch, and cryptographically authenticated enforcement evidence; failure leaves the original destination disabled. The system combines deterministic controls, a placement-flexible semantic model operating within a signed quality envelope on approved measured, attested, or host-isolated compute, and authenticated escalation for unresolved or high-consequence cases while the hardware interlock …

Hierarchical Peak Current Management For Systems On A Chip Using Multi-Time-Scale Current Observation, Peak Proximity Detection, And Prediction, Mohsen Heidarinejad, Farid Kenarangi, Arpit Mittal

Defensive Publications Series

A conventional hard peak current controller for a system on a chip (SoC) restricts the operating frequency of the SoC whenever the instantaneous current crosses a hard peak current limit.  The resulting reactive throttling methodology can degrade SoC performance during transient, high-demand workloads.  To address this limitation, this disclosure describes a hierarchical peak current management system that augments the hard peak current controller with a multi-time-scale current monitor, a peak monitor, and a peak current predictor.  Each of these elements produces an operating point cap for the corresponding intellectual property (IP) blocks based on sustained demand, proximity to the hard …

Implementing The Community Health Worker Role Into A Nurse-Led Diabetes Management Program, Blanca Cruz Escalante

EBP Fellowship

Practice Problem: Unmet social needs lead to poor outcomes in pediatric diabetes patients. While nurse-led interventions such as follow-up calls and care coordination can improve self-management of diabetes, social needs often extend beyond what nurses can directly provide. At the project facility, the diabetes management program historically has not included a community-based component, essential for addressing social determinants of health (SDOH). Notably, Community Health Workers (CHWs) play a crucial role in addressing health disparities through community-based interventions. To examine this practice gap, the following PICOT question was developed: In high-risk pediatric patients with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) enrolled in the …

Book Review: The Next Renaissance: Ai And The Expansion Of Human Potential, George Tsakiridis

The Interdisciplinary Journal for Research on Pedagogy and Learning Design, Vol. 1, Issue 1., Fall 2026

Book Reviewed: The Next RenAIssance: AI and the Expansion of Human Potential. Zack Kass. Wiley, 2026.

In recent years AI has “taken over” our jobs, our entertainment, and our very lives in many different ways, dominating the broader conversation of what it means to be human in the twenty-first century. Specifically, questions about human purpose have come to the fore through changes to our lives and careers. In his book, The Next RenAIssance, Zack Kass presents the reader with an overall positive outlook for the future of AI, drawing on the past and looking forward.

65 Fw Owner Llc V. Espinal

All Decisions

A DOB violation for illegal use of two first-floor apartments as medical offices — in violation of the building's certificate of occupancy — barred the landlord from maintaining this nonpayment proceeding. The Appellate Term reversed the Housing Court's denial of tenant's summary judgment motion, holding that MDL § 302(1)(b) bars a landlord from recovering rent or maintaining a nonpayment proceeding for any period of noncompliance. The violation's post-commencement resolution did not permit the proceeding to continue; summary judgment for tenant was required and the proceeding was dismissed.

Parker V. 66 St. Nicholas Place, Llc

All Decisions

App Div 1st modified a substitution order in a rent overcharge action by directing that the new building owner be joined as an additional defendant rather than substituted for the original. Substitution under CPLR 1021 was prejudicial to tenants because it would require obtaining discovery from the former owner — alleged to have engaged in fraudulent IAI-based deregulation — as a nonparty, impeding the ability to prove knowing fraud. Carryover liability under RSC § 2526.1(f)(2)(i) prevents current owners from evading predecessors' overcharge liability, but joinder under CPLR 1018 preserves both defendants in the action.

Quality Of Life And Religiosity Of Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Adjuvant Ultra-Hypofractionated Radiotherapy With Sequential Tumor Bed Boost: A Pilot Study, Efrosyni Kypraiou, Ioannis Koukourakis, Andromachi Kougioumtzopoulou, Kalliopi Platoni, Marina Chalkia, Kyveli Zourari, Efstathios Efstathopoulos, Nikolaos Kelekis, Anna Zygogianni, Vassilis Kouloulias

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Quality of life (QoL) is an important parameter that should be taken into account when assessing treatment efficacy in cancer patients. The FAST-FORWARD radiotherapy (RT) regimen (5-day schedule) for early-stage breast cancer has been reported by both physicians and patients to be associated with toxicity comparable to that of longer schedules. However, the impact of the addition of a tumor bed boost to ultrahypofractionated RT on patient QoL has not been extensively reported to date.

Materials and methods: QoL was assessed before and after RT and again 3 months later in 24 patients with early-stage breast cancer who underwent …

Multicentre Real-World Outcomes Of Reference Bevacizumab And Two Biosimilars In Treatment-Naïve Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration ​, Eyüpcan Şensoy, Mehmet Çitirik, Burhan Başkan, Hasan Öncül, Abdullah Beyoğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Bevacizumab biosimilars are increasingly used as alternatives to reference bevacizumab in ophthalmic practice, but comparative real-world evidence in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) remains limited. In this study, the short-term anatomical, functional, and documented safety outcomes associated with bevacizumab, bevacizumab-bvzr (Zirabev), and bevacizumab-awwb (Mvasi) were evaluated in treatment-naïve patients with nAMD in a multicentre real-world setting.

Materials and methods: This multicentre retrospective cohort included 250 treatment-naïve eyes with nAMD from 16 centres in Türkiye that completed a 3-month loading regimen with the same bevacizumab agent. Central macular thickness (CMT) was the prespecified primary longitudinal outcome; best-corrected visual acuity …

Factors Associated With Relapse In Anca-Associated Vasculitis: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study ​, Serdar Sezer, Şeyda Yi̇ği̇tbaşi, Zehra Karaman Ongun, Emi̇ne Uslu, Müçteba Enes Yayla, Aşkin Ateş, Tahsi̇n Murat Turgay

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

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Background/aim: Relapse remains common in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). We examined factors associated with relapse after remission.

Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed 130 adults with AAV followed between January 2015 and May 2026, all of whom achieved remission after induction therapy. Demographics, disease subtype, serology, organ involvement, baseline laboratory values, treatments, and relapse were recorded. Relapse was defined as recurrent vasculitic activity after remission requiring escalation/ modification of immunosuppressive therapy. Time from remission to first relapse was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression, with serious infection modeled as a time-dependent covariate. No imputation was undertaken.

Results: …

Turkish Translation, Cultural Adaptation, And Validation Of The Patient-Reported Villalta Scale For The Diagnosis Of Postthrombotic Syndrome In Patients With Vascular Behçet Disease ​, Tuğçe Kübra Güneş, Murat Karabacak, Mehmet Umut Çapar, Tüli̇n Ergun, Rafi̇ Haner Di̇reskeneli̇, Fatma Ali̇baz Öner

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) constitutes 70% of all vascular findings related to Behçet disease (BD). Postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a serious complication of DVT that develops due to chronic venous insufficiency and decreases the patient’s quality of life. The physician-reported Villalta scale is a widely used and validated diagnostic tool for diagnosing and evaluating the severity of PTS. However, the necessity of physical examination by a physician burdens the clinician during routine practice. For that reason, a patient-reported Villalta scale was developed and validated. This study aimed to translate the patient-reported Villalta scale into Turkish and validate …

Baseline 18f-Fdg Pet/Ct-Derived Metabolic Parameters And Intratumoral Heterogeneity In Relation To Survival In Bone Sarcomas ​, Hali̇m Özçevi̇k, Müge Öner Tamam, Meryem Eslem Bi̇çen Altin, Cüneyt Tamam, Merve Nur Acar Tayyar, Mehmet Mesut Sönmez

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This study assessed correlations between intratumoral heterogeneity, survival outcomes, and baseline 18F-FDG PET/ CT-derived semiquantitative metabolic parameters and histological subtype in patients with bone sarcomas.

Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed 44 patients with biopsy-proven bone sarcomas who underwent baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT before treatment. Total lesion glycolysis, metabolic tumor volume, heterogeneity indices (HI1, HI2, HI3), and semiquantitative standardized uptake parameters (SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVpeak, and SUVmin), all derived from the primary tumor, were examined. SUVmin and SUVmax AUCs were compared using the DeLong test. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, Cox regression, correlation analysis, and ROC analysis were used to assess associations with …

Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness And Aortic Elasticity In Seronegative And Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comparative Evaluation Of Subclinical Cardiometabolic Burden ​, Abdullah Nabi̇ Aslan, Yunus Emre Özbebek

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease associated with both joint pathology and elevated cardiovascular disease risk. Epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) and aortic elasticity parameters are emerging cardiometabolic markers associated with systemic inflammation and subclinical atherosclerosis. Although the relationship between EATT, aortic elasticity parameters, and RA has been increasingly documented, differences in these parameters between seronegative rheumatoid arthritis and seropositive rheumatoid arthritis remain underexplored.

Materials and methods: Of the 396 consecutive patients with RA, only those free of established cardiovascular disease and uncontrolled cardiovascular risk factors were included. As a result, 80 patients with RA and 43 …

Impact Of Weather Changes On Pediatric Trauma: A Detailed Demographic Analysis ​, Nuri̇ Koray Ülgen, Ali̇ Sai̇d Nazligül, Ni̇hat Yi̇ği̇t, Sadik Emre Ergi̇noğlu, Arslan Kağan Arslan, Mehmet Orçun Akkurt

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Pediatric trauma creates substantial emergency and orthopedic workload, and fluctuations in volume may affect staffing and resources. This study investigated the associations of ambient temperature, precipitation, and calendar characteristics with pediatric orthopedic trauma consultations and fracture events, including age-, sex-, and fracture-location-specific patterns.

Materials and methods: All pediatric trauma-related consultations were requested from the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology by the emergency department between June 1, 2023, and June 1, 2024, were retrospectively analyzed. Consultation and fracture data were aggregated daily. Negative binomial regression was used for count outcomes, temperature nonlinearity was tested using a quadratic term, and weighted …

Decoding The Silent Damage: Clinical And Electrophysiological Features Associated With Occupational N-Hexane Exposure ​, Mehli̇ka Panpalli Ateş, Umur Poyraz, Mustafa Yurtdaş, Emi̇n Gemci̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate early findings in patients exposed to n-hexane while working in a shoe factory.

Materials and methods: Twenty-four patients exposed to n-hexane were evaluated by physical examination and electroneuromyography 2–5 weeks after the onset of paresthesia symptoms. The examination and electrophysiological results of these patients were assessed by different physicians who were blinded to both examinations.

Results: Among patients who had weakness, it was particularly obvious in the proximal muscles of the lower extremities. Nerve conduction studies showed decreased motor nerve conduction velocity, conduction block, prolonged distal latency, and prolonged F-wave latency in 20 patients. …

Endovascular Management Of Vascular Complications In Hemodialysis Patients: A Single-Center Experience ​, Ati̇ye Cenay Karabörk Kiliç, Burak Mert Akhan, Nemat Ibrahi̇mkhanli, Esra Kulaksiz Turan, Fati̇h Öncü, Mehmet Koray Akkan, Ahmet Baran Onal, Erhan Turgut Ilgit

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Vascular access failure remains a major cause of morbidity in patients undergoing hemodialysis. This study aimed to evaluate the types of endovascular interventions performed for hemodialysis-related vascular complications, as well as their technical success and patency outcomes, at a single center.

Materials and methods: A total of 103 lesions in 89 patients treated between 2001 and 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Catheterrelated complications, central venous stenosis or occlusion, and arteriovenous fistula- or graft-related complications were managed using endovascular techniques. Endovascular interventions included catheter repositioning, thrombolysis, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), stent placement for central venous lesions, PTA of the fistula vein …

Is The 2d:4d Ratio Different In Patients With Dupuytren’S Disease Compared With The Normal Population? ​, Mustafa Yasi̇n Hati̇poğlu, Tevfi̇k Onur Özdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The second-to-fourth digit (2D:4D) ratio is commonly used as an indirect marker of prenatal androgen exposure, although its biological validity is limited. Evidence of its relationship with Dupuytren disease is scarce. This study compared the radiographic 2D:4D ratios of patients with Dupuytren disease with those of a control group and examined whether the association differed by sex.

Materials and methods: Included in this retrospective observational study were 81 patients with Dupuytren disease and 82 age-comparable controls who contributed 101 and 122 hand measurements, respectively. The phalangeal lengths of the second and fourth digits were measured from hand radiographs and …

Subclinical Trigeminal Involvement In Bell’S Palsy: Insights From Cranial Somatosensory Evoked Potentials ​, Ahmet Hakan Ekmekci̇, Burcu Sümeyye Çağar, Nadi̇re Ünver Doğan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Bell’s palsy (BP) has traditionally been considered an isolated peripheral facial nerve mononeuropathy; however, subclinical trigeminal involvement has been suggested. We evaluated whether cranial somatosensory evoked potentials (cSEP) demonstrate electrophysiological alterations in the trigeminal system in patients with BP.

Materials and methods: The records of 32 patients with BP who underwent cSEP between March 2010 and April 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. For the six patients without explicit chart documentation, the affected side was determined using acute-phase facial electromyography records. During routine clinical assessment, cSEP recordings were obtained using inferior alveolar nerve stimulation according to a standardized protocol. Latencies (N1, …

Association Between Acetabular Morphology Parameters And Hip Osteoarthritis: A Multivariable And Diagnostic Performance Analysis ​, Ni̇hat Yi̇ği̇t, Nuri̇ Koray Ulgen, Hayretti̇n Unal, Ali̇ Sai̇d Nazligul, Mehmet Orçun Akkurt, Arslan Kağan Arslan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Acetabular morphology plays a fundamental role in hip biomechanics by influencing load distribution and maintaining cartilage integrity. Although the Sharp angle, lateral center–edge angle (LCEA), Tönnis angle, and acetabular depth are commonly used radiographic parameters, their independent associations with hip osteoarthritis (OA) and their relative diagnostic performance remain uncertain. This study evaluated these associations and compared their diagnostic utility.

Materials and methods: This retrospective study included standardized anteroposterior pelvis radiographs obtained between January 2021 and December 2024. Hips were classified according to the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grading system, with grade 0 hips assigned to the control group and grade ≥2 …

Posture And Musculoskeletal Symptom Burden, But Not Daily Step Count, Are Independently Associated With Physical Quality Of Life In Office Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study ​, Gülsemi̇n Ertürk Çeli̇k, Abdurrahman İskender, Ahmet Usta, Alper Doğanci

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Office work is characterized by prolonged sitting and may be accompanied by musculoskeletal symptoms and reduced well-being. This study examined associations of step-based and self-reported physical activity, clinical posture, attitudes toward sports, smartphone addiction, and musculoskeletal symptom burden in office workers with the four domains of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF).

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 44 desk-based office workers at a public institution. WHOQOL-BREF domain scores were transformed to a 0–100 scale. Physical activity was assessed via 7-day average daily step counts and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF); posture …

Reliability And Validity Of The Turkish Version Of The Nose-Perf Scale ​, Aykut Özdoğan, Zülküf Küçüktağ, Gökçe Saygi Uysal, Enes Ahmet Subay, Serdar Özer

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the NOSE-Perf scale, developed to assess symptom severity and quality of life in patients with nasal septal perforation (NSP), and to compare the symptom profile of patients with NSP with those of the nasal obstruction and healthy control groups.

Materials and methods: To evaluate the temporal stability of the NOSE-Perf scale, a test–retest assessment was performed in the NSP group at a 1-month interval. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, while discriminative validity was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) …

Methylphenidate-Related Cardiac And Cardiovascular Safety: A Bibliometric And Network Analysis ​, Ömer Çağlar Yilmaz, Sadetti̇n Burak Açikel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

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Background/aim: Methylphenidate is widely used for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, concerns regarding its cardiac and cardiovascular safety remain clinically relevant. This study aimed to delineate the scientific landscape of methylphenidate-related cardiac and cardiovascular safety using bibliometric methods.

Materials and methods: The Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Sciences Citation Index, and Emerging Sources Citation Index were used to search the Web of Science Core Collection. A proximity-based search that combined terms related to methylphenidate, cardiovascular health, and safety/adverse events retrieved 263 records. There were 244 publications in the dataset after only including articles and reviews. VOSviewer was …

Effects Of Topical And Systemic Pirfenidone On Postlaminectomy Epidural Fibrosis In A Rat Model ​, Özgür Öcal, Zuhal Yildirim, Ayşe Çakir Gündoğdu, Abdurrahi̇m Taş, Betül Yaman, Abdurrahman Çeti̇n, Gökhan Gürkan, Abdurrahman Aycan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To investigate the effect of topical and systemic administration of pirfenidone (PFD) on the development of postlaminectomy epidural fibrosis in a rat model.

Materials and methods: A total of 32 male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to four equal groups (n = 8 per group). A bilateral total L1–L2 laminectomy was performed using a posterior midline microsurgical approach. The control group received only laminectomy; the sterile saline (SF) group received laminectomy followed by irrigation with sterile saline; the topical pirfenidone (PFDTpc) group received laminectomy followed by topical PFD application at the laminectomy site; and the systemic pirfenidone (PFD-Sys) …

Effects Of Topical Glycerin And Hydrogen Peroxide On Auditory Brainstem Response Thresholds In A Rat Model Of Tympanic Membrane Perforation ​, Özlem Akkoca, Emi̇ne Aydin, Şule Demi̇rci̇, Ridvan Hali̇t Pamuk, Emi̇ne Ceren Ersöz Ünlü, Harun Çoban, Yüce İslamoğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Cerumenolytic agents containing glycerin and hydrogen peroxide are widely used in clinical practice and are generally considered safe; however, their potential effects on hearing function in cases of tympanic membrane (TM) perforation have not been adequately investigated. This experimental study evaluated the potential ototoxic effects of glycerin and hydrogen peroxide in rats with TM perforations using auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing.

Materials and methods: Twenty healthy male Wistar albino rats with bilaterally induced near-total TM perforations were divided into four groups (n = 4–6 animals/group) and received topical saline, amikacin, glycerin, or hydrogen peroxide applications twice daily for 10 …

Psychological Distress Among Dental Students: A Comparative Study Of Preclinical And Clinical Stages ​, Ömer Faruk Sari, Eli̇f Albayrak, Muhammed Hi̇lmi̇ Büyükçavuş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Understanding the degree of psychological stress experienced by dental students, together with the contributing factors, is important for reducing the adverse effects of stress and improving student well-being. Accordingly, the present study examined psychological distress levels among dental students and compared psychological distress across different academic years.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included all undergraduate students enrolled in a single 5-year dental faculty in Türkiye during the 2024–2025 academic year. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) survey was administered to the students and 399 dentistry students filled out the survey completely.

Results: Statistically significant differences in K10 scores …

Comments On “Pregnancy Outcomes In Systemic Sclerosis Before And After Diagnosis: A Retrospective Nationwide Cohort Study” ​, Muhammad Faisal Shabbir, Muksh Maheshwari, Chand Raj, Maria Baloch

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.