Digital Commons Network^™

قراءة في أحكام قانون انتخاب أعضاء مجلس النواب رقم ٢٠١٧/٤٤, رزق زغيب

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

By virtue of the new law on the Election of the Members of Parliament number 44 promulgated on June 17, 2017 and for the first time in its one hundred years history, Lebanon has adopted the proportional representation electoral system with a closed list and a preferential vote according to the greatest remainders. It is not surprising to note that the adoption of a specific electoral system is never considered in general as an innocent choice. This choice is controlled by the wishes of the governing political classes which aim though a new law on elections to achieve specific goals …

Le Secret Bancaire Libanais À L’Épreuve Des Contraintes De La Coopération Internationale, Youmna Zein Hayek

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

The Banking secrecy law which was promulgated in 1956 is undoubtedly one of the pillars of the Lebanese banking system. The stringent provisions of the law require banks to maintain the absolute secrecy of their clients’ information, except in some limited cases. However, Lebanon has lately joined the global community’s effort to fight money laundering and terrorism financing including tax evasion. As a result, new laws were enacted whereby new circumstances trigger the release of the banking secrecy. This article examines the impact of the new laws and regulations on the scope of the Lebanese banking secrecy system.

La Réforme Du Code De Commerce Libanais : Impact Sur Le Fonctionnement Des Sociétés Anonymes, Patrick Soumrani

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

Except for specific limited amendments, the Lebanese corporate law has remained unchanged for many years. Several drafts aiming to reform and modernize such law have been prepared since the 1990s. But it is only in 2019 that a new draft has been voted hastily by the parliament, and has entered into effect on the 1st of July 2019. The reform brings numerous advantages: it facilitates the functioning of limited liability companies and joint stock companies, introduces the single partner limited liability company, provides for specific provisions governing the GDRs, as well as companies’ mergers and splits, and sanctions penalty the …

Réflexions Sur La Monnaie Et La Banque Au Liban, Antoine Merheb

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

Banks and currencies have always been intimately linked and the problems suffered by one affect inevitably the other. This article which recalls the history of the contemporary national currency tries to enlighten the causes of the most serious monetary crisis that Lebanon has incurred since its independence in 1943 and the deleterious effects of this crisis on the Lebanese banking sector which is, in part, responsible for having blindly followed, not always under duress, the policy drawn up by the central bank and which only found, to escape total bankruptcy, to hang on to the unlimited liberating power of a …

L’Hypothèse D’Une Consécration Des « Familles » Naturelles Et Adoptives Par Le Droit Libanais Des Successions Non Musulmanes, Vincent Heuzé

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

The Law of 23 June 1959 has significantly reformed the non-Muslim Inheritance Law, in particular by granting inheritance rights to natural and adopted children. While the very innovative nature of this solution has long justified, by a contrario reasoning, that any inheritance rights be refused to adoptive parents as well as to ascendants and collaterals of natural children, the present article attempts to demonstrate that a reversed interpretation would not be incompatible with the legislation nor with the evolution of ideas in Lebanon.

Le Mariage Civil Au Liban : Les Enjeux Et Les Difficultés, Pierre Gannagé

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

This article highlights the difficulties associated with the introduction of civil marriage in Lebanon. It analyzes the latest developments in positive law, taking into account marriages performed before a notary and drafts codification of family law. Finally, it shows that the secularization of personal status is perfectly compatible with the essential requirements of the Lebanese multi-community regime.

Editorial, Léna Gannagé

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

This new issue is released at a time when Saint Joseph University of Beirut, despite the severity of the crisis affecting Lebanon, is committed to advancing a sustained research policy accompanied by the renewal of its scientific journals.

Adaptive Behavioral Security System With Real-Time Closed-Loop Response For Web, Mobile, Api, And Ai Agent Protection, Duncan Ndegwa Ndungu

Defensive Publications Series

This publication discloses six interrelated security inventions implemented in the DevFortress SDK v4.8.0: (1) Credential Aliasing — replacing real authentication credentials with cryptographically random aliases (supporting 10 generation methods including CSPRNG, HKDF-SHA256, BLAKE3, and FPE/FF3-1) so that a complete breach of the monitoring service yields zero valid credentials; (2) a Three-Mode Closed-Loop Response Engine achieving sub-10ms automated threat remediation via external, internal, and hybrid modes; (3) a Behavioral Baseline Engine using adaptive EWMA across eight feature dimensions for novel attack detection; (4) Cross-Alias Correlation using Locality-Sensitive Hashing for distributed attack identification and simultaneous cluster revocation; (5) Graduated Rate Limiting with …

Temporal Blind Spot Failure In Serverless Cloud Systems: How Ai Agents Cause Cloud Disasters, Aaron Burton

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure defines and documents Temporal Blind Spot Failure, a recurring agentic AI failure mode in which autonomous AI agents operating inside serverless cloud systems take actions that are locally rational but catastrophic across complex cloud environments. Temporal Blind Spot Failure is distinct from prompt injection, memory poisoning, and output hallucination. It occurs because the agent decides one step at a time and cannot see how its choices compound across the systems those choices touch. This disclosure establishes Temporal Blind Spot Failure as a named category of agentic AI failure modes, describes how it shows up across the model, the …

Configurable Document Requirement Checklist Engine For Real Estate Transaction Types, Aaron Burton

Defensive Publications Series

A configurable checklist engine for real estate document collection that maintains per-transaction-type requirement definitions specifying required documents, acceptable file formats, expiration rules, and submission deadlines. The engine tracks completion percentage across all parties in a transaction by comparing submitted and verified documents against the active checklist. Transaction types include residential purchase, commercial lease, refinance, and 1031 exchange, each with distinct document requirement sets that administrators can modify without code changes.

Multi-Party Transaction Role Mapping With Configurable Document Visibility And Distribution Permissions For Real Estate Workflows, Aaron Burton

Defensive Publications Series

A system for defining and managing role templates specific to real estate transactions, where each transaction type maps predefined participant roles to specific document visibility and distribution permissions. Roles include buyer agent, listing agent, lender, title officer, escrow agent, inspector, and appraiser. Each role template specifies which document categories a participant in that role can view, which documents they can receive via distribution, and whether they can initiate document requests. Role templates are configurable per subscribing organization and per transaction type, allowing the same platform to serve brokerages, lenders, and title companies with different permission models.

Dual-Party Document Request Routing And Fulfillment Tracking For Multi-Sided Real Estate Transactions, Aaron Burton

Defensive Publications Series

A method for managing document collection in dual-party real estate transactions where both buyer-side and seller-side participants can issue document requests through a shared platform. The platform routes each request to the appropriate submitter based on that submitter's transaction role, tracks document fulfillment independently per party side, and maintains separate completion status indicators for the buyer side and seller side of the transaction. The method enables transaction coordinators and administrators to monitor the overall document readiness of a transaction from a single interface without commingling buyer-side and seller-side document obligations.

Deliberative Constraint-Field Multi-Agent Systems (Dcf-Mas): A Framework For Fate-Constrained, Narrative-Consistent Autonomous Workspaces, Johny Manuel-Devadoss

Defensive Publications Series

Contemporary multi-agent systems are predominantly designed around optimization, task decomposition, and explicit coordination protocols. While effective in structured environments, these paradigms struggle with long-horizon reasoning, irreversibility, and systemic constraints that are not directly observable. This paper introduces Deliberative Constraint-Field Multi-Agent Systems (DCF-MAS), a novel framework that reconceptualizes multi-agent coordination as a process of collective deliberation operating within latent constraint fields and irreversible state transitions. DCF-MAS departs from optimization-centric orchestration by introducing three foundational mechanisms: Shared Deliberative Substrates, Latent Constraint Fields, and Irreversible State Transition Engines. These mechanisms enable agents to reason collectively, adapt to hidden systemic limitations, and account for …

Siege-State Multi-Agent Workspace Systems (Ss-Maws): Constraint-Driven, Encirclement-Based Ai Coordination For Persistent Adversarial Environments, Johny Manuel-Devadoss

Defensive Publications Series

Existing multi-agent workspace managers emphasize task decomposition, cooperative execution, and centralized or semi-distributed orchestration. While effective in stable environments, these systems lack robustness under adversarial conditions, prolonged uncertainty, and resource contention. This paper introduces Siege-State Multi-Agent Workspace Systems (SS-MAWS), a novel framework inspired by siege warfare doctrine, in which progress is achieved not through direct execution but through gradual constraint imposition, resource isolation, and systemic pressure.

SS-MAWS reconceptualizes multi-agent coordination as a process of encirclement, containment, and controlled resolution, rather than linear task completion. The framework introduces three foundational constructs: (i) Encirclement Fields, which dynamically constrain problem …

Crusade Doctrine-Inspired Multi-Agent Workspace Governance (Cd-Mawg): A Futuristic Framework For Post-Orchestration Ai Workspaces, Johny Manuel-Devadoss

Defensive Publications Series

Contemporary multi-agent workspace managers rely heavily on centralized orchestration, graph-based execution models, and static role assignment. While effective for bounded workflows, these paradigms exhibit structural limitations when extended to long-horizon, adaptive, and adversarial environments. This paper introduces Crusade Doctrine–Inspired Multi-Agent Workspace Governance (CD-MAWG), a novel architectural framework that reconceptualizes multi-agent coordination through the lens of crusade-era military organization, logistics, and distributed authority.

Rather than treating computation as a sequence of tasks, CD-MAWG models it as a persistent campaign sustained by evolving agent societies. Core innovations include relic-based authority propagation, campaign-state memory structures, emergent agent castes, and dual-constraint scheduling grounded …

System For An Interactive Ambient Character Using Mmwave Radar For Presence Detection And Acoustic Event Recognition, Hanumanth Godari

Defensive Publications Series

A system can use an on-screen digital character powered by an artificial intelligence framework to provide an interactive ambient display. The system may integrate a millimeter-wave radar sensor for camera-less presence detection and a far-field microphone array for acoustic event recognition of ambient household sounds. Based on data from these sensors, the digital character could, for example, acknowledge a user entering a room or react to specific sounds, such as music or a doorbell. This allows a display's idle screen on a computing device (e.g., a smart display, television, or tablet) to function as a dynamic, context-aware interface. The interface …

Speculative Media Delivery Protocol With Distributed Conditional Verification, Jinpeng Wang

Defensive Publications Series

Generative AI interactions typically suffer from sequential processing bottlenecks, leading to significant delays between user input and media playback. Existing streaming protocols are reactive and cannot transmit data before a request is finalized, while standard synchronization techniques fail to address the underlying generation latency. A speculative media delivery protocol is disclosed to mitigate these delays. Multiple sealed media streams represent competing predicted responses that are pushed concurrently to a playback buffer. These streams are governed by a logic manifest containing combinatorial and temporal unlock conditions. A designated verifier node evaluates interaction states, such as silence detection or safety tokens, to …

Adaptive Semantic Audio Filtering Via Neural Source Separation And Intent-Based Vector Scoring, Tamar Yakar, Ilia Labzovsky

Defensive Publications Series

Acoustic environments containing multiple simultaneous speakers present challenges for conventional noise cancellation and transparency technologies, which often fail to isolate specific audio based on semantic relevance. Traditional methods, such as directional beamforming or spectral profiling, cannot distinguish between sources based on the topical content of speech.

An adaptive semantic audio filtering method is disclosed to address these limitations. Ambient audio is captured and decomposed into discrete streams using neural blind source separation. Each stream is transcribed via automated speech recognition and converted into a context vector. These vectors are compared against a user-defined target semantic profile using cosine similarity scoring. …

System And Method For Asynchronous Orchestration Of Physical Inventory Updates Using A Time-Bound Two-Phase Commit Protocol, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

A system and method for orchestrating physical inventory updates across distributed network infrastructures utilizing a time-bound two-phase commit protocol. The system decouples the validation of a material order from its execution to prevent data drift and partial failures in asynchronous environments. A commit token mechanism provides a temporary cryptographic key carrying the pre-validated state of a transaction. This allows the system to perform dry-run simulations and enforce inventory reservations over long latencies without locking underlying database resources.

Keywords: asynchronous orchestration, physical inventory, two-phase commit, commit token, distributed systems, supply chain management.

Synthetic Meeting Generation System With Optional Reference-Grounding, Gregor Karetka, Viktoria Ondrejova, Samo Sucik, Zoe Gerolemou, Daniel Skala

Defensive Publications Series

Teams often struggle to evaluate the quality of features that process the content of virtual meetings, e.g. meeting summarizers. For such evaluation, one needs a large, realistic dataset of meetings but this is often difficult to obtain as real meeting contents are sensitive, privacy-restricted data. Proposed herein is a system that generates synthetic yet realistic meetings that mirror how people talk, with varied personalities, moods, and interactions. The generated meetings can follow the specified overall distributions of key parameters like duration or the number of attendees (thus leading to a broad, representative dataset for general evaluation), or they can replicate …

Split-Chassis Architecture For Hdd Memories, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

A modular architecture for data storage devices is described that decouples the electronic control circuitry from the electro-mechanical storage assembly. The architecture utilizes two separate modules: a logic sled and a sealed media cartridge. The logic sled contains the active processing and driving components, while the sealed media cartridge houses the mechanical storage elements and specific calibration data. A compression connector links the two modules, facilitating field-repairability, simplified data recovery, and interface upgrades without discarding the storage media. This modular approach mitigates electronic waste and enhances the adaptability of magnetic storage systems.

Keywords: Modular Storage, Split-Chassis, Logic Sled, Sealed Media …

Autonomous Multi-Agent Intelligent Container Orchestration For Resource-Constrained On-Premises Environments, Pavankumar Bandanakanti, Srikar Chaitanya Nistala, Ashish Pb

Defensive Publications Series

Current edge computing is stuck in a 'static' trap.  Containers with fixed limits are deployed, and, when demand spikes, either the system crashes because there are no cloud resources in which to scale additional containers or auto-scaling is orchestrated by a central manager. This submission proposes an agentic architecture to facilitate container orchestration. The proposed agentic architecture enables a shift from passive containers to 'Self-Aware Agents'.

Integrated Proactive Monitoring And Ai Analysis System For Telecommunications Provisioning, Radley Kneeland, Venkatesh Manian

Defensive Publications Series

Proposed herein is a system that bridges the gap between anomaly detection and root cause analysis by embedding one-click AI diagnosis directly into monitoring alerts and automatically including artificial intelligence (AI)-generated analysis in email notifications. This eliminates the manual, hours-long process of switching between multiple tools to investigate provisioning errors, reducing mean time to resolution from hours to seconds while scaling to millions of events per day.

Penanggulangan Masalah Preman Ditinjau Dari Sudut Politik Kriminil, M. Hamdan

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Peranan Hukum Pidana Dalam Memerangi Kejahatan Lingkungan Di Indonesia, Sukanda Husin

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Ketetapan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat No. Iv/Mpr/1983 Tentang Referendum, Yuli Indrawati

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Studi Kejahatan Politik: Beberapa Persoalan Mendasar, Adrianus Meliala

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Tugas Dan Kedudukan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah, Boedi Harsono

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Perlindungan Llngkungan Hidup Dalam Perdagangan Internasional, Atifah Kusumadara

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Freedom Of Navigation And Archipe·Lagic State: Indonesian Case, Melda Kamil

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract