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The Populist Movement In Late Nineteenth Century America, Ty Scharff Apr 2024

The Populist Movement In Late Nineteenth Century America, Ty Scharff

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The Populist movement of the late nineteenth century proved a strong presence in states across the Southern and Western United States for a variety of reasons. Burdensome debt, frustration over monopolies, and overall financial decline characterize the core of Populist’s economic grievances, while demands for more direct participation of citizens in politics provide the basis of their political designs. Each state faced its own unique circumstances that Populists were responding to, but these provide a general framework for the movement nationwide. Despite these shared grievances, Populist candidates and parties did not see equal success across the nation. States west of …

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Targeted Synthesis Of Unique Nickel Sulfide (Nis, Nis2) Microarchitectures And The Applications For The Enhanced Water Splitting System, Urvashi Gondaliya Apr 2024

Targeted Synthesis Of Unique Nickel Sulfide (Nis, Nis2) Microarchitectures And The Applications For The Enhanced Water Splitting System, Urvashi Gondaliya

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Water splitting stands out as an optimal technology to address the continually growing energy demands. This field has garnered considerable attention, with numerous materials being scrutinized for their potential applications. Among these, the family of nickel-based sulfides emerges as a noteworthy example, showcasing intriguing properties pertinent to water-splitting endeavors. In this study, a methodical and uncomplicated approach for synthesizing nickel sulfides is proposed. The process initiates with the creation of nickel disulfide (NiS2) hollow microspheres through a hydrothermal procedure. Subsequently, meticulous temperature regulation in a specific atmosphere lead to the preparation of porous hollow microspheres of nickel sulfide (NiS). The …

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Impact Of Coding Proficiency On Starting Annual Salaries After Graduation, Tejasri Dodda Apr 2024

Impact Of Coding Proficiency On Starting Annual Salaries After Graduation, Tejasri Dodda

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As many companies are going digital in their operations and many startups are driven by software solutions instead of focusing on physical infrastructure, the demand for coding jobs has increased across the globe as it is the programming that drives computer systems. From transport and food to healthcare everything became Information Technology dependent. We can also observe that there is a wide popularity for programming courses, as the coding skills from those courses might fetch high paying jobs. Students who are pursuing their masters in information technology must be good in coding as it will get them a high paying …

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Remarkable Mechanical And Solvent Resistance Properties Of Polyurethane Elastomers Based On Betulin Prepared Without Need Of Catalyst, Mansi Ahir Apr 2024

Remarkable Mechanical And Solvent Resistance Properties Of Polyurethane Elastomers Based On Betulin Prepared Without Need Of Catalyst, Mansi Ahir

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Polyurethane (PUs) are an incredibly versatile class of polymer due to the broad range of chemistries that may be utilized in their synthesis to create an abundance of types and properties. As an example, PU elastomers have outstanding chemical, mechanical, and physical properties together with excellent biocompatibility. An increasing number of people are becoming interested in using sustainable biomass feedstock to produce biobased chemical products. The bark of birch trees contains naturally occurring cyclic aliphatic diol known as botulin which is found in substantial level. In this research, several types of bio-based polyurethane (PU) elastomers with exceptional mechanical characteristics, solvent …

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Effect Of Halide In Ammonium Salts In The Addition Of Benzoic Acid To Styrene Oxide, Annalyse Gilmore, Jeffrey Horinek, Lindsay Pruett, Ryn Sprague, Tristian Stevens, Kelsie Tucker, Charles J. Neef Apr 2024

Effect Of Halide In Ammonium Salts In The Addition Of Benzoic Acid To Styrene Oxide, Annalyse Gilmore, Jeffrey Horinek, Lindsay Pruett, Ryn Sprague, Tristian Stevens, Kelsie Tucker, Charles J. Neef

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Nucleophilic additions to epoxides are an important class of reactions in organic chemistry which have found use in material science, as intermediates, and in the synthesis of biologically important compounds. Many nucleophiles add to epoxides via a SN2 mechanism at the least substituted carbon. However, under acidic conditions addition is at the most substituted carbon via a SN1 mechanism. Included within this class of reactions is the addition of carboxylic acids to epoxides using tetrabutylammonium bromide as the catalyst. These reactions are straight forward and give high yields of the product. However, previous work in our lab using phthalimide as …

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Facile Approach For The Synthesis Of Performance-Advantaged Degradable Bio-Based Thermoset Via Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization From Epoxidized Soybean Oil, Enanshu Chaudhari Apr 2024

Facile Approach For The Synthesis Of Performance-Advantaged Degradable Bio-Based Thermoset Via Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization From Epoxidized Soybean Oil, Enanshu Chaudhari

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In order to address environmental concerns regarding polymer pollution, the development of polymeric materials that are generated from sustainable sources continues to be the primary focus of attention. Through the utilization of ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), the objective of this research is to create a thermoset that is derived from biomaterials and is capable of biodegradation. Epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) will serve as the starting point for the procedure. Following the first transformation of ESO into norbornene-functionalized ESO, the thermoset is subsequently generated through the utilization of ROMP, which is a rapid polymerization technique. Because of its outstanding thermal and …

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Impacts Influence Gen Z’S Interest In Starting Entrepreneurship And Startups In Pittsburg, Kansas, Mounika Kadiyala Apr 2024

Impacts Influence Gen Z’S Interest In Starting Entrepreneurship And Startups In Pittsburg, Kansas, Mounika Kadiyala

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In a rapid evolving landscape of startups and entrepreneurship, how generation Z is acting as a forefront transformation and dynamic force in creating an entrepreneurial ecosystem. The main research study investigates the multifaceted influences shaping Gen Z’s interest in startups and the challenges facing entrepreneurs in Pittsburg, Kansas. The study is approached through qualitative research method by collecting the data through interviews and the population considered for the study is Gen-Z born between 1997 and 2012, are actively engaged in entrepreneurial aspirations. The sample size will be of total 12 students with a diversified field of interest at Pittsburg state …

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Effects Of Fillers On Polyurethane Properties In Composites Based On Hempseed Oil, Mansi Ahir Apr 2024

Effects Of Fillers On Polyurethane Properties In Composites Based On Hempseed Oil, Mansi Ahir

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Over the past few decades, polymer composites have received significant interest and become a protagonist due to their enhanced properties and wide range of applications. Herein, we investigated the effect of filler and flame-retardant on the properties of polyurethane foams prepared using hemp seed oil (HSO). Firstly, the HSO was converted into the corresponding epoxy analog with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide, followed by a ring-opening reaction with methanol to construct hemp bio-polyols which was characterized by FT-IR, hydroxyl, and acid values experiment. Synthesized hemp polyol was reacted with diisocyanate in the presence of commercial polyols and other foaming components …

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Cobalt Oxide As Photocatalyst For Water Splitting: Temperature-Dependent Phase Structures, Bhumikaben Makawana Apr 2024

Cobalt Oxide As Photocatalyst For Water Splitting: Temperature-Dependent Phase Structures, Bhumikaben Makawana

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This study investigated the best phases of cobalt oxide for the photochemical and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting reaction. Cobalt oxide was produced via a hydrothermal process of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and then annealed at different temperatures from 450 oC to 950 oC. The Co3O4 phase was produced during pre-annealing and annealing at 450 oC. The mixed phase of Co3O4 and CoO was produced during annealing at 550 oC and 650 oC, and pure CoO was produced during annealing from 750 oC to 950 oC. The Co3O4 phase produced the highest photocurrent density with a value of 1.15 mA cm-2 at a …

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Trends And Challenges In The Development Of Bio-Based Barrier Coating Materials For Paper/Cardboard Food Packaging, Niyati Chaudhary Apr 2024

Trends And Challenges In The Development Of Bio-Based Barrier Coating Materials For Paper/Cardboard Food Packaging, Niyati Chaudhary

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Nowadays, many food and nonfood items are packaged using paper, and one of the main barrier materials utilized in this process is synthetic plastic derived from petroleum. In addition to endangering human and marine health, the extensive use of plastic as a barrier liner degrades the environment. Because biobased alternatives have so many benefits—such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and structural flexibility—researchers and food makers are concentrating on them.These biobased substitutes offer good barrier properties against grease, oxygen, bacteria, air, and water, whether used alone or in composites or multilayers. The latest literature findings indicate that biobased polymers for barrier coatings …

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The Synergistic Effect Of Ionic Liquid-Modified Expandable Graphite And Intumescent Flame-Retardant On Flame-Retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foams, Smit Chaudhary Apr 2024

The Synergistic Effect Of Ionic Liquid-Modified Expandable Graphite And Intumescent Flame-Retardant On Flame-Retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foams, Smit Chaudhary

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Polyurethanes are large molecules formed by combining substances with hydroxyl groups with Poly isocyanates through polyaddition reaction for many applications like foams, adhesives, coating etc. Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) are created for soundproofing and thermal insulation material. In this study, RPUFs have been modified by using nitrogen-phosphorus-containing flame-retardant, an ionic liquid (IL), and expandable graphite. To confirm the successful synthesis fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy have been performed. RPUFs were mixed with IL-EG and DPES to see how it changes the structure of the pore and improves the density and strength of the foam's …

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The Role Of Computer-Based Education In The Academic Achievement Of Public High School Students (6th, 7th, 8th, 9th And 10th Grades) In India, Surya Vinodh Moraboina Apr 2024

The Role Of Computer-Based Education In The Academic Achievement Of Public High School Students (6th, 7th, 8th, 9th And 10th Grades) In India, Surya Vinodh Moraboina

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With increasing technology innovations, the world is moving towards digitalization. These advancements in technology caused changes in the global education system. The most significant change was the transition in teaching methods from oral to computer based. Computer-based education creates interest among students about a particular topic and students can understand visuals better than reading textbooks or listening to an oral lecture. Countries such as India have both public and private schools. However, in India, just a few public schools implemented computer-based education. Thus, students in public schools may have poor computer abilities, remain uninterested in academics, lack fundamental concepts, and …

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Biobased Vitrimers Via Melt-Polycondensation Process With Good Extensibility, Reprocessability, And Self-Healable Properties, Saiprasanna Neerukonda Apr 2024

Biobased Vitrimers Via Melt-Polycondensation Process With Good Extensibility, Reprocessability, And Self-Healable Properties, Saiprasanna Neerukonda

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The global sustainable development of the polymer industry is dependent upon the ease of synthesis and the replacement of petroleum-based elastomers with biobased equivalents. Here, we suggest the condensation polymerization of aliphatic diacids such as glutaric acid, pimelic acid, azelaic acid, and 1,4-butanediol with a catalytic amount of glycerol as a curing agent and dithiodicarboxylic acid as the dynamic covalent crosslinker to fabricate highly stretchable elastomers. The elastomers showed good extensibility, reprocessability, and self-healable properties. The molecular characterization and thermo-mechanical properties of the elastomer were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis. The self-healing …

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High-Performance Bio-Based Polyurethane Antismudge Coatings Using Castor Oil-Based Hyperbranched Polyol As Superior Cross-Linkers, Anand Patel Apr 2024

High-Performance Bio-Based Polyurethane Antismudge Coatings Using Castor Oil-Based Hyperbranched Polyol As Superior Cross-Linkers, Anand Patel

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Bio-based antismudge coating, as a substitute for the petroleum-based one, has excellent liquid repellency and self-cleaning ability, which is of great value to keep a coated surface free of contaminants. In this study, we report a facile strategy to fabricate high-performance biobased hyperbranched polyurethane antismudge coatings. More specifically, a castor oil-based hyper-branched polyol was employed as a coating precursor, a hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer was used as the curing agent, and a mono-hydroxyl-terminated poly(dimethysiloxane) (PDMSOH) was introduced as a low-surface-tension lubricant through covalent bonding. Consequently, a highly transparent smooth coating was obtained after the coating solution was completely cured. The coating …

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Blends Of Epoxidized Alkyd Resins Based On Jatropha Oil And The Epoxidized Oil Cured With Aqueous Citric Acid Solution: A Green Technology Approach, Dharmikkumar Patel Apr 2024

Blends Of Epoxidized Alkyd Resins Based On Jatropha Oil And The Epoxidized Oil Cured With Aqueous Citric Acid Solution: A Green Technology Approach, Dharmikkumar Patel

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Alkyd resins were made from jatropha oil using a two-step method that included alcoholysis and polyesterification reactions, using 100% Phthalic Anhydride. To enhance their performance properties, the resins were mixed with different wt % of epoxidized jatropha oil (EJO) and aqueous citric acid, without the need for additional catalysts or solvents. Blending was facilitated via epoxidation of the alkyd resins. The prepared blends were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and NMR (1 H and 13C) spectroscopy studies. It was noted that blending led to significant improvements in properties such as curing time, chemical resistance, scratch hardness, thermal stability, and tensile …

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Bio-Based Polyurethane Films: Effect Of Hydroxyl Numbers On The Properties Of The Polyurethane Films, Fenilkumar Patel Apr 2024

Bio-Based Polyurethane Films: Effect Of Hydroxyl Numbers On The Properties Of The Polyurethane Films, Fenilkumar Patel

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Polyurethanes have become ubiquitous in our surroundings, but their traditional production relies on fossil fuels, posing challenges due to resource limitations and material toxicity. To address this issue, I propose utilizing bio-based materials such as Limonene, derived from orange peels. Geraniol which is derived from rose and soybean polyol. This research aims to synthesize thiol through thio-ene click chemistry, involving the reaction of limonene with mercaptoethanol and thioglycerol, and reaction of geraniol with mercaptoethanol to produce thiols. The primary goal is to investigate the mechanical properties of polyurethane films as the number of hydroxyl groups increases. The structural morphology will …

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Synthesis Of Eugenol-Based Polyols Via Thiol−Ene Click Reaction And High-Performance Thermosetting Polyurethane Therefrom, Sauravkumar Patel Apr 2024

Synthesis Of Eugenol-Based Polyols Via Thiol−Ene Click Reaction And High-Performance Thermosetting Polyurethane Therefrom, Sauravkumar Patel

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The thiol−ene click reaction to prepare biobased polyols is a strategy to promote the green and environmental protection of polyurethane. The excessive usage of thiol and low conversion of carbon−carbon double bonds (C=C) would severely limit the properties of polyurethane (PU). In this work, a set of eugenol-based polyols were prepared via the thiol−ene click reaction. Interestingly, the conversion of the C=C was nearly 100% at the eugenol and various thiol compounds (-SH) in a stoichiometric ratio without excess of -SH. Then, the prepared polyols were reacted with diphenylmethane-diisocyanate (MDI), followed by a series of structure adjustable thermosetting polyurethane networks …

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How Do The International Graduate Students Experience The Impact Of Utilizing Bitcoin Transactions On The Security Of Their Financial Activities, Rajeshwari Reddy Pokal Apr 2024

How Do The International Graduate Students Experience The Impact Of Utilizing Bitcoin Transactions On The Security Of Their Financial Activities, Rajeshwari Reddy Pokal

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This study explores the use of Bitcoin by international graduate students and how it affects the security of their financial transactions. It's critical to understand the implications for people handling cross-border financial transactions given the increasing acceptance of cryptocurrencies, particularly Bitcoin, on a global scale. This study uses a mixed-methods research design with surveys and interviews to try to capture the complex viewpoints of graduate students from around the world. The study looks at why these students chose Bitcoin, as well as the perceived benefits and risks, cybersecurity issues, and overall impact on their financial security. The study closely examines …

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Waste And New Canola Oils For Flame-Retardant Polyurethane Foams: A Comparative Study, Janu Patel, Pratik Patel Apr 2024

Waste And New Canola Oils For Flame-Retardant Polyurethane Foams: A Comparative Study, Janu Patel, Pratik Patel

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Waste cooking oil (WCO), obtained from cooking or frying food, poses a serious environmental risk when disposed of inappropriately. Therefore, finding ways to repurpose WCO into valuable products is important to mitigate environmental impact and health risks. This work focuses on utilizing used canola oil (UCO) to produce rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) as a sustainable approach to waste management and resource utilization. An epoxidation and ring-opening of UCO was employed to produce UCO-polyol for synthesizing RPUFs. Qualitative experiments such as epoxy, iodine, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and hydroxyl studies were carried out to evaluate the quality of UCO and UCO-based …

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Current Amount Of Postpartum Care: Is It Effective?, Leah Scott Apr 2024

Current Amount Of Postpartum Care: Is It Effective?, Leah Scott

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The rates of infant and maternal mortality and morbidity rates are too high. Women are wanting out of the hospital quicker and quicker after they give birth. Women are pushing to be out of the hospital before the end of the 24-hour mark after they have given birth. Studies have shown that even with 48 hours in the hospital, women aren’t given enough time to properly learn the information needed recommended/mandated by the government. It was also shown that the warning signs told to mothers for different conditions were not the same based on what nurse was giving it. The …

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Modified Limonene And Geraniol Via Thiolene Processes Under Uv Curing To Obtain Polyurethane Films, Sauravkumar Patel Apr 2024

Modified Limonene And Geraniol Via Thiolene Processes Under Uv Curing To Obtain Polyurethane Films, Sauravkumar Patel

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Natural product-derived materials have gained increasing attention as promising alternatives to petrochemically derived commodity polymers. This shift is driven by the growing awareness of environmental issues and the need for more sustainable and eco-friendly materials. The thiol−ene click reaction to prepare biobased polyols is a strategy to promote the green and environmental protection of polyurethane. Limonene is found in the essential oils of various citrus fruits, particularly in high concentrations in the peels of oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruits. And geraniol is found in rose oil, citronella oil, and palmarosa oil. The excessive usage of thiol and low conversion of …

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Enhancing Patient Data Security: Utilizing Machine Learning For Cyber Threat Protection In The U.S. Healthcare, Vundyala Sumanth Reddy Apr 2024

Enhancing Patient Data Security: Utilizing Machine Learning For Cyber Threat Protection In The U.S. Healthcare, Vundyala Sumanth Reddy

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Patient data is a critical concern in U.S. healthcare, and this research delves into how anomaly detection (Machine Learning) contributes to safeguarding patient information. Many studies have highlighted the growing cyber threats to healthcare data. However, those studies have certain limitations when they are closely examined. Recognizing these gaps, this research aims to explore the effectiveness of anomaly detection in enhancing cybersecurity measures for patient data. The study employs advanced machine-learning techniques, preferably anomaly detection, to predict and prevent cyber-attacks. The research introduces methods that address the shortcomings of prior studies and offer a better understanding of the role of …

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Beyond The Fire: Natural Resource Management Techniques At Prairie State Park., Khloey Stringer, Riley Teutsch, Heather Burrow, Alesha Lawson, Gabe Jones Apr 2024

Beyond The Fire: Natural Resource Management Techniques At Prairie State Park., Khloey Stringer, Riley Teutsch, Heather Burrow, Alesha Lawson, Gabe Jones

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The tallgrass prairie ecosystem once spanned more than 70 million hectares of what is now the Midwestern United States, including eastern Kansas and western Missouri. Yet, only 4% of the tallgrass prairie remains intact, making it one of the most threatened ecosystems in North America. Two of the most serious threats to the remaining tallgrass prairie are woody encroachment and invasive plant species. Through a new partnership with Prairie State Park, five Pittsburg State University students worked with resource professionals to learn, practice, and apply prairie management techniques. We gained experience in the use of a chainsaw, UTV, ATV, brush …

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Study Of Post-Industrial And Post-Consumer Plastics For Degradation Behavior And Material Properties, Emma Springer, Brady Franklin, Zach Coenen, Jacob Shuler, Grant Howard Apr 2024

Study Of Post-Industrial And Post-Consumer Plastics For Degradation Behavior And Material Properties, Emma Springer, Brady Franklin, Zach Coenen, Jacob Shuler, Grant Howard

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Plastic pollution is a rapidly growing global problem. Current methods of plastics disposal cause even greater environmental impacts. For example, landfills are at capacity, incinerators are increasing greenhouse gases, and microplastics are polluting woodlands and water ways. Thermoplastics recycling of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) has become a focal point in the plastics industry. In this study, we demonstrated the effects that different processing levels have on HDPE physical properties. We processed and analyzed six different plastics: “virgin HPDE”, “internal regrind”, “internal regrind pelletized”, “repro”, “repro with additive”, and “flake”. We first processed the material that was donated to us by Rehrig …

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How Leadership Styles Influence Retention Of Employees In Indian It Industry, Akshay Buggani Apr 2024

How Leadership Styles Influence Retention Of Employees In Indian It Industry, Akshay Buggani

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This research investigates how different approaches to leadership styles affect employee retention in the Indian IT industry. The study uses a case study design with qualitative methodology to investigate how various leadership styles affect retention rates. To obtain an understanding of the cultural dynamics and influences present in IT organizations, experienced managers will be interviewed, one mid-level manager and a manager. This research is important because it gives managers useful knowledge about the best leadership practices for retaining staff and enhancing the stability and success of the business. Through conducting interviews with managers and examining actual cases, the goal is …

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How Online Gambling Affects The Mental Health Conditions Of Individual Gamers At Pittsburg State University, Sravya Vemunuri Apr 2024

How Online Gambling Affects The Mental Health Conditions Of Individual Gamers At Pittsburg State University, Sravya Vemunuri

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This research explores the relationship between online gambling and the mental health of individual gamers at Pittsburg State University. As many are addicted to online gambling this help the student get awareness about online gambling. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted for the students to get more information on how online gambling affects their studies. This research will help to identify the risk factors and good strategies to establish the healthy boundaries for online gamers at Pittsburg State University. By educating the students on gambling activities helps them to balance their gaming and academics. The main important outcome of this study …

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Will The Requirement Of Lactation Consultants In Hospitals Increase Breastfeeding Rates In The U.S.?, Suzanne Eubanks Apr 2024

Will The Requirement Of Lactation Consultants In Hospitals Increase Breastfeeding Rates In The U.S.?, Suzanne Eubanks

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In recent years as health in the United States is declining, so are breastfeeding rates. It seems that majority of the people aware of this issue, are specialized in the area of maternal-newborn care and/or breastfeeding. “The fact that breastfeeding rates remain low in many contexts, with substantial gaps between income groups, suggests that countries are not providing women with sufficient information and support. This is an area that requires urgent attention.” Improving breastfeeding rates could save more than 820,000 children under 5 every year, and an additional 20,000 maternal deaths from breast cancer. “Physicians are not often adequately prepared …

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Bioinspired Natural Magnolol-Based Adhesive With Strong Adhesion And Antibacterial Properties For Application In Wet And Dry Environments, Janvi Chaudhari Apr 2024

Bioinspired Natural Magnolol-Based Adhesive With Strong Adhesion And Antibacterial Properties For Application In Wet And Dry Environments, Janvi Chaudhari

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Adhesives are frequently employed in various industries like footwear, electronics, automotive, construction, and furniture. Most of the commonly employed thermoset adhesives contain formaldehyde, such as phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin and urea-formaldehyde (UF). Although they offer economic benefits, their use has prompted concerns about the production of harmful formaldehyde and phenol. Developing ecologically safe, green, and nontoxic adhesives with superior dry and wet adhesion qualities is extremely important. Barnacles and mussels secrete a hydroxyl-rich dopa, resulting in strong adherence. A biobased adhesive made from magnolol (MAG) and pentaerythritol tetra (3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) was created using a thiol-ene click chemistry procedure, inspired by the …

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Low Socioeconomic Status Negatively Impacts Field-Test Battery In College Aged Women, Adam Mortensen Apr 2024

Low Socioeconomic Status Negatively Impacts Field-Test Battery In College Aged Women, Adam Mortensen

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Low Socioeconomic Status Negatively Impacts Field-Test Battery in College Aged Women

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Amorphous Phosphorus-Incorporated Cobalt Molybdenum Sulphide On Carbon Cloth: An Efficient And Stable Electrocatalyst For Enhanced Overall Water Splitting Over Entire Ph Values, Fnu Himanshi Apr 2024

Amorphous Phosphorus-Incorporated Cobalt Molybdenum Sulphide On Carbon Cloth: An Efficient And Stable Electrocatalyst For Enhanced Overall Water Splitting Over Entire Ph Values, Fnu Himanshi

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­­­Developing cost-effective, efficient, and highly durable catalysts to replace expensive noble metal electrodes in electrocatalytic water-splitting applications is crucial. A particularly intriguing and challenging strategy in this regard involves the deliberate design of nanocomposites comprising multiple components with distinct functionalities. Here, we present the synthesis of a robustly catalytic and exceptionally durable electrocatalyst, phosphorus-incorporated cobalt molybdenum sulphide (P-CoMoS), grown on carbon cloth (CC). This hybrid material demonstrates remarkable activity for both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions across a wide pH range (1−14), while maintaining extremely high stability (approximately 90% retention of the initial current density) after 24 hours of electrolysis. …

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