Digital Commons Network^™

Updating The Critical Congenital Heart Disease Screen For Inclusion Of An Intensive Care Population, Ryan Grammens, Joe Lopez, Jessie R. Maxwell

2024 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: Critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) is a serious concern for newborns, accounting for 6-10% of infant deaths. A screening mechanism using pre- and post-ductal saturations was adopted by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) in 2012 for detecting such lesions. This screening guideline was limited in application to healthy term newborns. Thus, preterm infants or infants requiring supplemental oxygen support often receive the CCHD screening just before discharge when the opportunity to use to screen identify possible congenital heart disease has passed. We aimed to develop a guideline consistent with the AAP 2018 recommendations and to provide guidance for …

Eat, Sleep, Console Versus Usual Care For Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal, Sandra Beauman, Jessie R. Maxwell, Sarah Sanders, Elizabeth Kuan, Jennifer Montoya, Conra Lacy, Alberta S. Kong, Anne Hittson, Hengameh Raissy, Ispctn Clinical Sites

2024 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background:

Neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) occurs following in utero opioid exposure and prolongs newborn hospitalizations. NOWS severity has traditionally been assessed using the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring Tool (FNAST). In recent years, the Eat, Sleep, Console care approach (ESC) was developed and has been rapidly adopted. This research proposed to compare various outcomes in infants managed with FNAST vs ESC.

Methods:

This study was a multicenter, stepped-wedge, cluster randomized trial which evaluated infants who were ≥36 weeks gestation and managed for NOWS at one of 26 sites Hospitals were randomized to transition from usual care (UC) with the FNAST …

An Improvement-Focused Assessment Of Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler With Spacer (Mdi-S) Technique Among Pediatric Providers, Soha Shah, Salimeh Khazaei Nejad

2024 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: Uncontrolled asthma results in significant costs to families and society. To achieve the best possible results for asthma control, the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program recommends that providers demonstrate and assess metered-dose inhaler–spacer (MDI-S) technique at each medical visit. However, healthcare professionals are not always well-versed in the correct usage of inhalation devices. Our study aims to assess the knowledge and technique of pediatric healthcare professionals about the use of MDI-S and to assess if these can be improved with a brief video-based intervention. Methods: Study participants were recruited from pediatric residents, pediatric advanced practice providers, pediatric hospitalists, …

The Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus And Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Abby Fyfe, Jon Love, Sofia Markee

2024 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: The patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common complication of prematurity that affects the majority of extremely preterm infants. In epidemiological studies, babies with a persistent PDA had increased rates of interventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis, and cerebral palsy. However, numerous clinical trials have demonstrated no improvement in outcomes with medical treatment of the PDA. However, the reliability of these studies has been called into question becaues the majority use size alone to determine hemodynamic significance of the ductus and did not include babies at the youngest gestational ages. It has been theorized that using a more …

Improving Resident Confidence In Delivering Anticipatory Safety Guidance, Alaina George, Avery Tsuha, Chandler Todd

2024 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background During Pediatric Well Child Checks (WCCs) there are many safety anticipatory guidance topics that should be discussed (water, choking, falls, car seats, guns, sun protection, etc) (1, 2). The current busy outpatient clinic is a challenging environment to discuss all of these important topics, which also creates a difficult environment for residents to practice giving anticipatory guidance (3). Focusing on fewer topics (4) during each WCC may allow residents to more confidently discuss these topics with families.

Methods In order to improve resident confidence, we designed quarter sheet handouts for WCCs ages 0-3 years old, primarily based on AAP …

Voices In Contraception: A Qualitative Analysis Of Patient Experiences, Miriam G. Favela Hernandez, Irene Cantu, Ana Carolina B. De Lima, Jane W. Mcgrath, Alberta S. Kong

2024 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: Navigating contraceptive care is a complex and personal journey for individuals. Recognizing the significance of fostering a positive patient-provider encounter, our study delves into a comprehensive analysis of the experiences of patients navigating contraceptive care, with the aim of identifying and illustrating common emerging themes. Additionally, our research aims to accentuate the importance of respecting patient autonomy and avoiding any form of coercion in contraceptive care, promoting an environment that prioritizes collaborative decision-making between patients and healthcare professionals.

Methods: This qualitative research study examined the experiences and decision-making processes of contraception users in New Mexico (NM) (n=13) who have …

Hematochezia: An Abnormal Presentation Of A Vascular Malformation, Kathleen Ordas, Joy-Marie Brusenback, Sahana Ummadi, Shannon Tocchio, Razan Alkhouri, Soha Shah

2024 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Case Report:

Hematochezia and anemia are common problems seen in the pediatric population, and oftentimes are managed on an outpatient basis. Lower GI bleeds are less common in children compared to upper GI bleeds, with vascular malformations being an uncommon cause of GI bleeds. While there have been published cases of pediatric colorectal vascular abnormalities, there have been few published cases of pelvic vascular anomalies that only cause colonic displacement without abnormality on colonoscopy.

We present the case of a 6 year-old male with a one-year history of hematochezia, constipation, and microcytic anemia initially managed outpatient with iron supplements and …

Utilization Of Dexmedetomidine Positively Impacts Length Of Hospitalization In A Neonatal Intensive Care Population, Austin Carrier, Dane G. Winter, Zoe Henderson, Jessica Gross, Eleni Shenk, Jessie R. Maxwell

2024 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: Pain medication use in the Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU) can be highly challenging due to concerns for negative impact on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Many commonly utilized pain medications and sedatives such as midazolam, fentanyl, and morphine have problematic side effects, for example, decreased gut motility, that can prolong time to full feeds and increase hospital length of stay. Dexmedetomidine may be a safe alternative, although ongoing investigations are needed to determine which patient populations may safely receive this medication.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of term infants admitted to the NICU at the University of New …

Guideline Development For The Use Of Glucocorticoids In Critically Ill Infants And Children, Jacqueline Piñön, Jessie R. Maxwell, Dawn Novak, Anjali Subbaswamy, Kristi Watterberg, Michele Hutchison

2024 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: Many critically ill children receive glucocorticoids (GCs), especially to treat pressor-resistant hypotension, but GCs may increase all-cause mortality. We will identify factors that contribute to GC exposure in PICU and NICU patients, determine the range of doses used, and develop guidelines for GC use in this population.

Methods: Phase 1 of this study is a retrospective chart review to identify factors that contribute to GC exposure in PICU and NICU patients and determine the range of doses used, (expressed as hydrocortisone equivalents/m²/d (HC equiv/m²/d)). The data will be used to develop guidelines for the use …

Antenatal Exposure To Medication For Opioid Use Disorder And Infant Outcomes In The Esc-Now Randomized Controlled Trial, Sandra Beauman, Jessie R. Maxwell, Anne Hittson, Alberta S. Kong, Hengameh Raissy, Nichd Neonatal Research Network, Nih Echo Program Idea States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network

2024 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Background: Exposure to buprenorphine as a medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) during pregnancy is associated with better outcomes compared to methadone for infants assessed with the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring tool (FNAST). The ESC-NOW trial showed improved outcomes for infants assessed and managed with the Eat, Sleep, Console care approach (ESC) when compared to usual care with FNAST (UC). This sub-analysis assessed the association between antenatal MOUD type and infant outcomes by care approach used for managing infants with NOWS.

Methods: We compared a cohort of infants with antenatal exposure to buprenorphine or methadone who were managed …

Prefrontal Medial Cortex Dendritic Complexity Alteration Following Prenatal Alcohol Exposure And Placental Insufficiency, Zarena M. Dominguez, Suzy Davies, Roberto N. Almeida Mancero, Daniel D. Savage, Jessie R. Maxwell

2024 Pediatric Research Forum Session

Executive functioning is the ability to control and coordinate abilities and behaviors, but prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) negatively impacts these functions. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a crucial brain region that plays an essential role in higher level functioning such as motivation, long-term memory, and sociability. The effects of PAE have been shown to alter the fetal blood flow in utero, which results in placental insufficiency (PI). PI has negative impacts on fetal development and neurodevelopmental outcomes. There has been little research on the effects of the combination of PAE and PI. We aimed to further investigate the impact …

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis And Empirical Evaluation Of Carboxymethylcellulose/Alginate 3d Bioprinting Inks For Screw-Based Microextrusion, Sungmin Lee, Minjae Son, Juo Lee, Iksong Bun, Jin-Woo Kim, Jungsil Kim, Hoon Seonwoo

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Three-dimensional microextrusion bioprinting technology uses pneumatics, pistons, or screws to transfer and extrude bioinks containing biomaterials and cells to print biological tissues and organs. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis can simulate the flow characteristics of bioinks in a control volume, and the effect on cell viability can be predicted by calculating the physical quantities. In this study, we developed an analysis system to predict the effect of a screw-based dispenser system (SDS) on cell viability in bioinks through rheological and CFD analyses. Furthermore, carboxymethylcellulose/alginate-based bioinks were used for the empirical evaluation of high-viscous bioinks. The viscosity of bioinks was determined …

Validity Of Self-Reported Weight And Height Among Female Young Adults In The United Arab Emirates, Dalia Haroun, Aseel Ehsanallah

All Works

Self-reported weight and height serve as important metrics in estimating overweight and obesity prevalence within epidemiological studies, primarily due to their cost and time efficiency. However, the accuracy and reliability of these self-reported measures remain controversial, with conflicting reports emerging from different regions. This study aims to compare self-reported weight and height with measured values among young female adults in the United Arab Emirates. A cross-sectional study of 131 female university students aged 17-27 reported their weight and height on a self-administered questionnaire and on the same day had their height and weight measured. Body Mass Index (BMI) values of …

Curriculum Minutes 04/18/2024, Curriculum Committee

Curriculum Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

Conference Program, Georgia Southern University

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

No abstract provided.

First-In-Human Phase I Trial Of Tpst-1120, An Inhibitor Of Pparα, As Monotherapy Or In Combination With Nivolumab, In Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors, Bruno Bastos

All Publications

Purpose: TPST-1120 is a first-in-class oral inhibitor of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), a fatty acid ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, angiogenesis, and inflammation, and is a novel target for cancer therapy. TPST-1120 displayed antitumor activity in xenograft models and synergistic tumor reduction in syngeneic tumor models when combined with anti-PD-1 agents.

Experimental design: This phase I, open-label, dose-escalation study (NCT03829436) evaluated TPST-1120 as monotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumors and in combination with nivolumab in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), or hepatocellular carcinoma. Objectives included evaluation of …

The Mazdakites, The ʿAyyārs And The Mithraists, Parvaneh Pourshariati

Publications and Research

No revolutionary movement in Iranian Late Antiquity has attracted as much attention as the fascinating and enigmatic Mazdakite uprising of the late fifth century. The scholarly consensus about these has it that 1) they engaged in ibāḥat al-nisā, sharing of wives; 2) advocated the sharing of property and 3) that their past time was wine imbibing and merrymaking. I shall argue here that, as Shaki correctly suspected but did not pursue the topic, the description of the Mazdakite in our primary sources (the Letter of Tansar, Ibn Qutayba, Ṭabarī, Dīnkard, Shahrestānī), actually follows the praxis of the ʿayyārs, chivalrous men …

Teachers’ Perceptions Of Their Input Into Important Campus Decision Making, Amy Jane Boughton

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The Panorama Teacher Survey (PTS) results from 2018 to 2021 indicated that school leadership has improved in one North Texas district. The problem investigated in this study was that despite favorable overall results on the Panorama Teacher Survey (PTS) in the local school district, the school leadership dimension of “teacher input into important campus decisions” was consistently ranked by teachers as needing improvement and was the lowest ranking amongst the other school leadership dimensions. The purpose of this study was to explore teachers’ perceptions about their role in providing input into important campus decisions and to gather their recommendations for …

Healthcare Experiences Of Transgender Adults Who Are African American, Lacole Cole

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African Americans struggle to access healthcare because of a combination of overt racism, implicit bias from providers, and the effects of systemic racism. As a result, researchers have studied the challenges of this specific adult population. Less research has been centered on those individuals who are both African American and transgender. The purpose of this generic qualitative study was to explore the experiences of this population. Guided by intersectionality theory, the study’s research question asked about the experiences of African American transgender adults and their efforts to obtain necessary healthcare services to manage optimal health. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with …

Higher Education Leaders’ Perceptions Of The Function And Purpose Of Faculty Academic Advising To Support Student Persistence And Retention, Kristin Domville

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Faculty academic advising provides students with academic support to enhance academic persistence and retention. Prior research on faculty academic advising has not included higher education leaders’ (HELs’) perceptions of the function and purpose of faculty academic advising when creating policies and procedures that are intended to support student persistence and retention. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore HELs’ perceptions of the function and purpose of faculty academic advising when developing institutional policies and procedures that are intended to support student persistence and retention. The conceptual framework for this study was the appreciative inquiry (AI) model established …

Using Strategic Planning To Improve Volunteer Recruitment And Retention For Nonprofits In The Post-Pandemic Era, Antonio L. Mccormack

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

COVID-19 has changed U.S. culture and negatively affected society worldwide, especially nonprofit organizations that provide community service. Since the pandemic, nonprofit agencies encountered many hardships, especially with the loss of personnel, primarily volunteers. The present study focused on implementing ways to improve recruitment and retention of volunteers for nonprofit organizations in the post-pandemic era through strategic planning. A qualitative approach was deemed the most feasible to conduct this study. This study utilized a SWOT analysis approach, a method of strategic planning used to collect data. A total of 10 interviews were conducted to explore the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats …

Strategies For Leading Successful Virtual Teams, Amina Foley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Some leaders lack strategies to successfully lead virtual teams to prevent employee attrition and decreased revenue. Organization leaders are concerned with retaining experienced employees to continue and grow profitability. Grounded in the transformational leadership theory, as well as the cognition-based trust and affect-based trust theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry was to explore strategies leaders use to lead virtual teams successfully that improve trust and job performance, increase employee retention, and enhance organizational growth and profitability. The participants were seven virtual team leaders from the accounting and logistics industries who have experience with improving growth and increasing retention. …

Exploring The Role Of Intrinsic Motivation In Elementary Public-School Educators’ Willingness To Remain In Teaching, Lynnette K. Steinhoff

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The experiences and perceptions of novice educators’ willingness to remain in teaching have been without clear research. The problem addressed by this study was the need to understand why novice educators remain in the field in order to support districts and legislators in updating policies and funding measures. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore how the intrinsic motivation of novice elementary educators within a K–12 public school influences their willingness to remain in teaching. Self-determination theory (SDT), with its psychological principles of autonomy, competency, and relatedness, was selected as the conceptual framework. Two research questions addressed intrinsic …

Teachers’ Perceptions Of Reading Comprehension Among Fifth-Grade Students With Exceptionalities As A Result Of The Pandemic, Paula Webb

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem addressed through this study is the low reading comprehension levels of fifth-grade students with exceptionalities (SwE) (e.g. dyslexia) in a local school district in Georgia. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore fifth-grade teachers’ perceptions on their successes, challenges, and suggestions when teaching reading to SwE. The conceptual frameworks were the blended learning model and the constructivism model. The methodology of this research study was a basic qualitative design. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with eight fifth-grade teachers in a large school district in Georgia to investigate the reading foundational skills SwE are lacking that …

Sequential Requirements For Distinct Polθ Domains During Theta-Mediated End Joining, Carel Fijen, Lea Drogalis Beckham, Dante Terino, Yuzhen Li, Dale A Ramsden, Sylvie Doublié

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

DNA polymerase θ (Polθ) plays a central role in a DNA double-strand break repair pathway termed theta-mediated end joining (TMEJ). TMEJ functions by pairing short-sequence "microhomologies" (MHs) in single-stranded DNA at each end of a break and subsequently initiating DNA synthesis. It is not known how the Polθ helicase domain (HD) and polymerase domain (PD) operate to bring together MHs and facilitate repair. To resolve these transient processes in real time, we utilized in vitro single-molecule FRET approaches and biochemical analyses. We find that the Polθ-HD mediates the initial capture of two ssDNA strands, bringing them in close proximity. The …

Transposable Elements Regulate Thymus Development And Function, Jean-David Larouche, Céline M Laumont, Assya Trofimov, Krystel Vincent, Leslie Hesnard, Caroline Côté, Éric Bonneil, Joel Lanoix, Chantal Durette, Patrick Gendron, Jean-Philippe Laverdure, Ellen R Richie, Sébastien Lemieux, Pierre Thibault, Claude Perreault

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Transposable elements (TEs) are repetitive sequences representing ~45% of the human and mouse genomes and are highly expressed by medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs). In this study, we investigated the role of TEs on T-cell development in the thymus. We performed multiomic analyses of TEs in human and mouse thymic cells to elucidate their role in T-cell development. We report that TE expression in the human thymus is high and shows extensive age- and cell lineage-related variations. TE expression correlates with multiple transcription factors in all cell types of the human thymus. Two cell types express particularly broad TE repertoires: …

Recent Advances In Nanomaterial-Based Biosensor For Periodontitis Detection, Mohammad Hosseini Hooshiar, Masoud Amiri Moghaddam, Mohammad Kiarashi, Athraa Y Al-Hijazi, Abbas Fadel Hussein, Sara Salari, Hassan Mesgari, Saman Yasamineh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory condition caused by bacteria, often causes gradual destruction of the components that support teeth, such as the alveolar bone, cementum, periodontal ligament, and gingiva. This ultimately results in teeth becoming loose and eventually falling out. Timely identification has a crucial role in preventing and controlling its progression. Clinical measures are used to diagnose periodontitis. However, now, there is a hunt for alternative diagnostic and monitoring methods due to the progress of technology. Various biomarkers have been assessed using multiple bodily fluids as sample sources. Furthermore, conventional periodontal categorization factors do not provide significant insights into the …

Academic Detailing As A Health Information Technology Implementation Method: Supporting The Design And Implementation Of An Emergency Department-Based Clinical Decision Support Tool To Prevent Future Falls, Douglas A Wiegmann

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Clinical decision support (CDS) tools that incorporate machine learning-derived content have the potential to transform clinical care by augmenting clinicians' expertise. To realize this potential, such tools must be designed to fit the dynamic work systems of the clinicians who use them. We propose the use of academic detailing-personal visits to clinicians by an expert in a specific health IT tool-as a method for both ensuring the correct understanding of that tool and its evidence base and identifying factors influencing the tool's implementation.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess academic detailing as a method for simultaneously ensuring the correct …

Advanced Nano-Drug Delivery Systems In The Treatment Of Ischemic Stroke

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In recent years, the frequency of strokes has been on the rise year by year and has become the second leading cause of death around the world, which is characterized by a high mortality rate, high recurrence rate, and high disability rate. Ischemic strokes account for a large percentage of strokes. A reperfusion injury in ischemic strokes is a complex cascade of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, immune infiltration, and mitochondrial damage. Conventional treatments are ineffective, and the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) leads to inefficient drug delivery utilization, so researchers are turning their attention to nano-drug delivery systems. Functionalized nano-drug …

Cocoa Polyphenols Modulate The Fecal Microbiome In A Mouse Model Of Colitis, Independent Of Basal Diet And Colon Inflammation, Abby D. Benninghoff

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Chronic inflammation increases the risk of developing multiple chronic diseases, including cancer. The risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) specifically is increased in individuals who suffer from colitis, a characteristic of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Diet is another risk factor for developing CRC, particularly an inflammation-promoting Western-type diet. Thus, supplementing a Western diet with functional foods containing anti-inflammatory polyphenols is a potential approach to decreasing CRC risk by reducing gut inflammation and altering gut microbiome profile. This study aimed to determine the effects of cocoa polyphenol (CP) supplementation on inflammation status and microbiome profile before, during, and after colitis when …