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Analysis Of The Use Chatgpt Among Students Of The Arabic Language Education Department, North Sumatera State Islamic University, Medan, Ainun Salida, Akmal Walad Ahkas, Majid Dakhil Al-Anazy

Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

Students of the Arabic language education study program State Islamic University of North Sumatra, Medan use ChatGPT a lot to add insight, study materials and can even help ease lecture assignments. The purpose of this study was to find out how far students use ChatGPT to help them learn Arabic. This research uses a type of field research using qualitative approaches and data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study say that students of the Arabic language education study program state Islamic University of North Sumatra, Medan have not been able to maximize the use …

Contrastive Analysis Of Interrogative Words Between The Arabic And Indonesian Languages And Its Contribution To Teaching Arabic Grammar For Non-Native Speakers, Muh Sabilar Rosyad, Aulia Habibah, Muhammad Afthon Ulin Nuha

Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

Every language has a style of speech that differs from one language to another, as well as question words in Arabic and Indonesian which have similarities and differences. The differences between the two can hinder the learning process and make students feel difficult because they transfer the forms and meanings of their language and culture into the language and culture they learn. This process is called linguistic overlap, and to address this problem requires a contrastive analysis. This study aims to find out the question words in Arabic and Indonesian and to describe the differences and similarities between the two. …

Implementation Of Arabic Language Learning Methods Based On Student Centered Learning At Mohammad Hatta Islamic Elementary School, Mohammad Afif Fauzan, Irhamni Irhamni, Hanik Mahliatussikah, Seraiaia Yassine

Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

The purpose of this research is to find out whether the Arabic language learning strategy based on Student Centered Learning carried out by Arabic language teachers at Mohammad Hatta Islamic Elementary School can increase student participation so that they are actively involved in learning. To achieve this goal, this research uses descriptive research with a focus on the implementation as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the application of Arabic learning methods based on Student Centered Learning. The main data collection was conducted by interviewing Arabic language teachers as key informants and some students. To analyze the data, the …

Idraj Al-Qiyam An-Niswiyyah Fi Kitab Ta'lim Al-Lughah Al-'Arabiyyah: Ibtikar Ta'limi Li Ta'ziz Al-Musawah Baina Al-Jinsain, Gesta -. Lestari, R. Taufiqurrochman, Rizky Ilham Ramadhani

Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

The background of the research was the large number of Arabic language books that contain gender bias. This affects students' proficiency in speaking Arabic. Most students change feminine to masculine because the Arabic language books they learn contain more masculine words or sentences. This research aims to describe the process of incorporating feminist values into Arabic language teaching textbooks and to analyze the impact of Arabic language teaching innovation on students’ understanding and attitudes towards gender equality. This research is a qualitative and descriptive research. The methods used to collect data are interviews, observation, and documentation. The research group is …

Ta’Tsīr Istikhdām Wasīlah Bithaqah Al-Rubā‘Iyyah ‘Alā Natījati At-Ta‘Allum Limādah Qawā‘Id Al-Mubtada’ Wa Al-Khabar (Al-Baḥṡ Al-Tajrībī Fī Mtsn 25 Jākartā), Amanda Firda Razak, Raden Ahmad Barnabas, Ahmad Marzuq

Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

يهدف هذا البحث إلى معرفة أثر استخدام وسيلة بطاقة الرباعية المبتدأ والخبر في نتيجة التعلّم لمادّة القواعد (قواعد المبتدأ والخبر) لدى طلبة الفصل الثامن في المدرسة المتوسّطة الإسلامية الحكومية الخامسة والعشرين بجاكرتا. استخدم هذا البحث المنهج الكمّي بطريقة البحث التجريبي، بمشاركة مجموعتين من العيّنة: الفصل التجريبي الذي تعلّم باستخدام وسيلة بطاقة الرباعية، والفصل الضابط الذي لم يحصل على المعالجة نفسها. تكوّن كل فصل من ثلاثين طالباً تمّ اختيارهم بطريقة العَيِّنة الهادفة .(Purposive Sampling) جُمعت البيانات بواسطة اختبارين قبلي وبعدي لقياس نتيجة التعلّم قبل المعالجة وبعدها. تمّ تحليل البيانات من خلال اختبارات الصدق والثبات والطبيعية والتجانس، بالإضافة إلى اختبار الفرضيّة باستخدام …

Tathwir Al-Wasilah “Qissatoon” ‘Ala Asas Qishshah Mushawwarah Li-Ta’Allum Maharat Al-Lughah Al-‘Arabiyyah Lada Thalabah Al-Madrasah Ats-Tsanawiyyah Al-Islamiyyah Al-Hukumiyyah Ats-Tsaniyah Bi-Madinah Malang, Ilvina Maulidiyah Mahmudah, Kholisin Kholisin, Muhammad Alfan, Abd Rauf Hassan

Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

ينطلق هذا البحث من الحاجة إلى وسائل تعليم اللغة العربية التي تعزز مشاركة الطلبة بشكل نشط وتدعم التكامل بين المهارات اللغوية الأربع. يهدف هذا البحث إلى تطوير الوسيلة التعليمية التفاعلية قائمة على القصة المصورة لتعلّم مهارات اللغة العربية، ودراسة مستوى صلاحيتها للاستخدام في العملية التعليمية. استخدم البحث منهج البحث والتطوير من خلال نموذج ADDIE الذي يتضمن مراحل التحليل والتصميم والتطوير والتنفيذ والتقييم. تم تقويم صلاحية الوسيلة التعليمية من خلال تحكيم خبير المادة وخبير الوسيلة التعليمية، إضافة إلى استجابات المستخدمين. وجُمعت البيانات باستخدام أساليب الملاحظة والمقابلة والاستبانة والتوثيق. تم تحليل البيانات باستخدام المنهجين الوصفي الكمي والنوعي. أنتج هذا البحث الوسيلة التعليمية …

Hots Based Innovative Assessment Of Listening Skills In The 2020 Arabic Textbook For Grade X Madrasah Aliyah, Yanda Rismawati, R Umi Baroroh

Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

This study analyzes the distribution of cognitive levels in listening (istima’) questions and identifies which language skill demonstrates the least integration of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). Employing a qualitative content analysis approach within a library research design, the primary data source is the 2020 Arabic Language Textbook for Grade X published by the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs (KEMENAG). Secondary data include theoretical and empirical literature on HOTS-based assessment and Arabic language pedagogy. The findings indicate that listening (istima’) is the skill with the lowest representation of HOTS-oriented items. Out of 79 questions examined, most fall into the LOTS …

Decentralizing Dementia Research To The Us–Mexico Border: The Rio Grande Valley Ad-Rcmar As A Model For Translational Equity, Gladys E. Maestre, John Blangero, Eron Manusov, Gabriel A. De Erausquin, Francisco Fernandez, Silvia Mejia-Arango, Vincent P. Diego, Juan C. Lopez-Alvarenga, Claudia Alaniz, Neyra García, Rosa V. Pirela, Andrew Tsin, Michael Mahaney

School of Medicine Publications

Translational equity means ensuring that diagnostics, treatments, care models, and prevention strategies are developed and implemented so they work for populations with the greatest burden and least access to care. In Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), where most evidence derives from highly educated, non-Hispanic White participants at large academic centers, translational equity is critical to prevent misclassification, limited access, and widening disparities and to ensure that underrepresented communities shape how new knowledge moves into practice. Hispanic and other populations in the United States are disproportionately affected by ADRD yet remain underrepresented in research, with gaps especially pronounced in high-poverty …

Fostering Innovation At The Intersection Of Maker Education And Extended Reality (Xr), Jewoong Moon, Yong Ju Jung, Soo Hyeon Kim, Younggon Bae, Bertrand Schneider

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Hyper-Bishops, Hyper-Rooks, And Hyper-Queens: Percentage Of Safe Squares On Higher Dimensional Chess Boards, Caroline Cashman, Joseph Cooper, Raul Marquez, Steven J. Miller, Jenna Shuffelton

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

Chess has inspired an abundance of mathematical problems, especially in combinatorics and probability. One such problem, initially studied by Miller, Sheng, and Turek, considers the proportion of safe spaces when randomly placing n rooks on an 𝑛×𝑛 chess board. They show that as n approaches infinity, the proportion of safe spaces converges to 1/𝑒2. We first generalize their results to bishops and queens. This problem is significantly more interesting and difficult; while a rook attacks the same number of spaces regardless of its position, this is not so for bishops and queens. We prove that the proportion of safe spaces …

Wip: Project-Based Learning And Industry Engagement In An Introductory Polymer Science Course, Erick S. Vasquez-Guardado

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

A persistent challenge in engineering education is helping students connect foundational polymer science concepts to modern research literature and industrial practice. This paper reports the design, implementation, and initial evaluation of a sequenced project-based learning (PBL) framework integrated into an upper-level Introduction to Polymer Science – Thermoplastics course (n = 16). The instructional model combined three individual, literature-driven projects with professional engagement through invited guest speakers to strengthen student competencies in polymer chemistry, polymer properties, research literacy, and scientific communication. The project sequence was scaffolded from foundational to advanced content: (1) a thermoplastics case study requiring students to synthesize structure–property–processing …

Recent Advances In The Juvenile-To-Adult Phase Transition, Yifei Liao, Mingli Xu

Faculty Publications

The transition from the juvenile to adult vegetative phase in Arabidopsis thaliana is a fundamental developmental process that integrates morphological and physiological maturation. Despite extensive study, how vegetative phase change is regulated and how this phase transition is coordinated with plant physiology remain incompletely understood. This review synthesizes recent advances in the molecular regulation and physiological functions of vegetative phase change. We summarize how developmental traits—such as leaf shape, trichome distribution, and margin serration—are controlled through distinct downstream targets of the age-dependent miR156–SPL pathway. We further highlight emerging insights into how epigenetic factors dynamically modify chromatin states of key regulatory …

The Phoenix Flora: Plant Survival, Succession, And Putative Adaptation In The Post-Atomic Landscapes Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki, Gian Marco Ludovici, Paola Amelia Tassi, Alba Iannotti, Colomba Russo, Fausto D'Agostino, Matilde Neble Segade, Timothy Mousseau, Andrea Malizia

Faculty Publications

The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 created a unique environment of acute, high-dose ionizing radiation, contrasting sharply with the chronic low-dose rate exposure in the Chernobyl and Fukushima Exclusion Zones. This stands in stark contrast to the chronic, low-dose rate contamination that defines the Chernobyl and Fukushima Exclusion Zones. While the long-term ecological effects of the latter are well-documented, a systematic synthesis of the floral response to the atomic bombings is lacking. This review integrates historical data with modern radio-ecological principles to analyze plant survival and succession. We document the remarkable recovery of vegetation, from the resprouting …

Public Attitudes Toward Cascade Genetic Screening In The United States, Hadley Stevens Smith, Emilie S Zoltick, Madison R Hickingbotham, Emily S Bonkowski, Stacey Pereira, Tara A Lavelle, David L Veenstra, Amy L Mcguire, Katherine E Bonini, Leila Jamal

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Introduction: After a patient receives genetic test results that indicate an actionable health condition, cascade genetic screening (CGS) is the process of evaluating the patient's relatives for a potentially elevated genetic risk of disease. The United States primarily relies on patients to communicate with their relatives, resulting in suboptimal rates of risk communication, familial genetic testing uptake, and risk-reducing interventions. There is ongoing debate about whether and how best to inform relatives of a potentially increased genetic risk.

Methods: We conducted a nationally representative survey of US adults to assess attitudes toward informing at-risk relatives, acceptability of system-mediated communication, and …

Drug Cartel Innovation: A Case Study Report, Isaac J. Moelter, Ares Boira-Lopez, Amanda N. Moeller, Samuel Hunter

Reports, Projects, and Research

This report explores the emerging landscape of cartel innovation through a series of case studies that highlight key events where cartels introduced novel tactics and capabilities. These cases explore not just what occurred, but how and why each event unfolded, and what it means for policymakers, practitioners, and communities. These examples illustrate how innovation is a strategic response to pressure and competition within an increasingly complex environment.

Examining Agentic Ai-Human Collaboration In Malevolent Creativity, Alexis D'Amato, Emma Theobald, Ares Boira-Lopez, Meg Shercliffe, Jack Rygg, Sam T. Hunter, Joel S. Elson

Reports, Projects, and Research

As AI systems gain the ability to act, plan, and make decisions on their own, the potential for humans collaborating with them for malign use is unclear. Although there are some use cases of malign actors using agentic AI systems, there is a low baseline for why and in what ways this collaboration will occur. We used malevolent creativity as a proxy for understanding novel threats by the phases of idea generation, evaluation, and implementation desire. This research examined what happens when human users offload malevolently creative planning tasks to an autonomous AI system, and specifically, what occurs when that …

A Copula-Based Framework For Multivariate Count Time Series With Mixed Marginal Distributions, Dimuthu Fernando, Yuxin Wen, Wimarsha Jayanetti

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

We developed a class of multivariate integer-valued time series models using copula theory. Each count time series is modeled as a Markov chain, with serial dependence characterized through copula-based transition probabilities for Poisson and negative binomial marginals. Cross-sectional dependence is modeled via a trivariate Gaussian or a “t-copula”, allowing for both positive and negative correlations and providing a flexible dependence structure. Model parameters are estimated using likelihood-based inference, where the trivariate Gaussian or t-copula integrals are evaluated through standard randomized Monte Carlo methods. Simulation results, along with an analysis of annual counts of major hurricanes (Category 3+) across the North …

Communicative Administration: The Administrative State Beyond Legal Administration, Daniel E. Walters

Faculty Scholarship

On many dimensions, the administrative state is at the nadir of its power. The Supreme Court has tightened administrative law controls on agency power, and the Trump Administration has stormed the bureaucracy in an unprecedented blitz designed to kneecap agency capacity and independence. For better or worse, many agencies and their civil servants are being sidelined as meaningful actors in the administration of government. Yet this familiar account doesn’t tell the entire story. At the same time that agencies are being stripped of the power to implement law—what this Article calls “legal administration”— they are steadily accumulating extensive and largely …

Making The Party Presentation Principle Safe For Originalism, Randy E. Barnett, Lawrence B. Solum

Faculty Scholarship

The Supreme Court sometimes adheres to what it calls the “party presentation principle”—terminology that dates back to 2008. Although judicial articulations of the principle have been inconsistent and imprecise, the gist is the familiar notion that courts should resolve cases on the basis of the issues and reasons presented by the parties to the dispute. Conversely, questions not properly raised by the parties should be avoided by the Court. Thus, the Court has on several occasions declined to address arguments outside the scope of the questions raised by the parties in their petition for certiorari.

For originalists, the importance of …

Evolving Networks: Information Exchanges Reshaping Of Global Finance, Andrew P. Morriss, Charlotte Ku

Faculty Scholarship

This article challenges the characterization of international financial centers (IFCs), often called "tax havens," as enablers of tax evasion and money laundering. Drawing on an extensive analysis of tax treaties, regulatory statutes, and historical literature, we explore the evolution of the global information exchange network, its impact on integrating IFCs into the global financial system, and the resulting curtailment of their use for illicit purposes. The expansion of treaties, from Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs) to Tax Information Exchange Agreements (TIEAs) and multilateral frameworks like the OECD's Common Reporting Standard (CRS), has significantly limited the potential for secrecy-driven financial activities …

Owning Geothermal Energy, Gabriel Eckstein

Faculty Scholarship

Geothermal energy holds vast potential for decarbonizing the U.S. energy system, yet the sector remains significantly underdeveloped, supplying only 0.4% of the nation's electricity. A principal barrier to growth is the fragmented and ambiguous legal landscape currently governing ownership of geothermal resources: thirty-three states lack any clear statutory or common-law framework identifying who owns subsurface thermal energy. This Article examines the physical characteristics of geothermal energy, recent developments in the U.S. geothermal sector, and the principal doctrinal approaches that might govern ownership of subsurface heat, including the ad coelum doctrine, common-pool and open-access frameworks, the rule of capture, and public …

The Supreme Court Under Threat: Early Lessons In Judicial Self-Protection, Curtis A. Bradley, Neil S. Siegel

Faculty Scholarship

This Essay explores how the U.S. Supreme Court, despite being vulnerable to defiance of its decisions and political retaliation, has developed tools of judicial self-protection to preserve its institutional authority and thus its capacity to sustain the Constitution and the rule of law. Arguing that the Court performs not only a legal role that requires interpretation of the law but also a political one that demands institutional preservation, the Essay examines how the Court has historically navigated political threats by using a range of tools—including avoidance, delay, narrow rulings, strategic dicta, and rhetorical appeals. The Essay focuses on three nineteenth-century …

Human Stem Cell-Based Embryo Models: Innovation, Ethics, And Policy, Alfonso Martinez Arias, Thorold Theunissen, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The aim of this White Paper is to establish a foundational framework for research, technological development, and regulation in the emerging field of stem cell-based embryo models (SCBEMs). These models, generated from Pluripotent Stem Cells, are designed to recapitulate essential events in early stages of human development. They have the potential to illuminate the early stages of embryo development and implantation and hold promise as an avenue to address global health challenges, including infertility and pregnancy loss, congenital, neonatal and adult conditions, and the need for organ transplants. While SCBEMs are not a substitute for human embryos, their tractability for …

Role Of Households With Children In Community Spread Of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacterales, St. Louis, Missouri, Usa, Barrett Breeze, Ahmed Babiker, Sreenivas Konda, Alaina L Robinson, Stefan J Green, Catherine C Babbs, Federico Cunha, Katherine Y Shen, India Shepherd Hammond, Stephanie A Fritz, Latania K Logan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Community-acquired multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacterales bacteria are an increasing public health concern, yet whether households play a role in community spread remains unclear. We investigated 150 households with children in St. Louis, Missouri, USA, for MDR Enterobacterales. We cultured swab specimens from household members and environmental surfaces for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. We also performed whole-genome sequencing in the 53 (35%) households where >1 MDR Enterobacterales species were recovered. Enterobacter hormaechei predominated, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pantoea species. Whole-genome sequencing revealed closely related strains shared between persons and environmental surfaces, suggesting potential intra-household transmission. We identified >1 horizontal gene …

Dopamine-Endocannabinoid Crosstalk Drives Exercise-Induced Bidirectional Plasticity In Parkinson's Disease, Federica Campanelli, Gioia Marino, Giuseppina Natale, Maria De Carluccio, Tabitha N. Rodriguez, Michelle Smeyne, Richard Jay Smeyne, Veronica Ghiglieri, Paolo Calabresi

Department of Neuroscience Faculty Papers

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by loss of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. Epidemiological evidence indicates that lifelong physical activity reduces both PD incidence and slows disease progression. Here, we examine how voluntary exercise induces long-lasting neuroprotection of the corticostriatal function in a murine model of α-synuclein–driven nigrostriatal pathology. In preformed fibril (PFF)-injected mice, long-lasting voluntary wheel running prevents degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic terminals and improves motor performances. Intensive exercise normalizes spontaneous glutamatergic transmission and preserves corticostriatal long-term potentiation (LTP) in striatal spiny projection neurons. Exercise-induced LTP is dependent on activation of dopamine (DA) DA1, GluN2B-expressing NMDA and …

Handheld Hyperspectral Imaging Dataset Of Annual Sowthistle And Little Mallow Under Abiotic Stress For Machine Learning, Elijah Brunnengraeber, Tyler Cassidy, Dylan Woodbridge, Arun D. Jani, Arun K. Sharma

Biology, Agriculture and Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Machine learning has become an increasingly important tool for overcoming agricultural challenges by enabling efficient and consistent classification of crop-related data. Training such supervised models requires high quality labeled datasets. This work presents a dataset consisting of raw and preprocessed hyperspectral imaging (HSI) files capturing reflectance in the visible to near-infrared range (400–1000 nm) from two problematic weed species on California’s Central Coast: annual sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus) and little mallow (Malva parviflora). Hyperspectral imaging provides rich spectral-spatial data cubes that can support the development of deep learning models and autonomous technology for precision weed management. Plants …

“I Will Experience This Trauma Over And Over Again”: Sexual And Gender-Based Violence, Forced Migration And Structural Violence, Jenny Phillimore, Karen Block, Hannah Bradby, Hoayda Darkal, Lisa Goodson, Anna Papoutsi, Cathy Vaughan

School of Psychology

Forced migration has reached unprecedented levels as millions are forced to seek refuge from conflict, persecution, and violence. This exodus includes women enduring the traumas of displacement alongside sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV). Upon reaching supposed places of refuge, they encounter the structural violence of immigration and asylum regimes. Against this backdrop, the intersection of SGBV, forced migration, and structural violence emerges as an urgent area of study. Drawing from extensive qualitative interviews in Australia, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, we set out to examine the impact of structural violence on the lives of forced migrant survivors of SGBV. The …

Local Customs And Traditions Of The Nubi Tribe, Imam Wicaksono, Sherif Sa'ad Algayyar, Ahmed Hassan Mohammad Hassan

Al-Arabi: Journal of Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

The study reveals the local customs and traditions of the Nubi tribe in Egypt that still survive and exist amidst the onslaught of modernization and globalization. The study raises two important questions about What are the functions of the local customs and traditions of the Nubi tribe that have been preserved until now and what is the form of the relationship between the local traditions of the Nubi tribe between one element and another. The study uses Borislaw Malinowski's functionalism theory which raises the main concept that every element of culture has a function. The surviving culture fulfills human physiological …

Detecting Cognitive Impairment Early In Hispanic And Black Older Adults: Community Voices From South Central Texas, Robin C. Hilsabeck, Stephanie Santiago-Mejias, Tara L. Fletcher, Shanae L. Rhodes, Gladys Maestre, Sudha Seshadri, Neela K. Patel, Fayron R. Epps

School of Medicine Publications

Background: Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) are more prevalent in Black and Hispanic older adults and are also more likely to be undetected and misdiagnosed. The purpose of this study was to engage with Black and Hispanic communities about interest in and support needed for memory screening.

Methods: Participants were recruited from established community partners of the South Texas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center to engagein a 90-minute listening session. The session was recorded with participants' permission, and a thematic analysis was conducted by 2 independent coders.

Results: Sixteen individuals (81% female, 88% Hispanic or Black) from various perspectives participated …

U.S. Men's Views About Women's And Men's Agency In The Abortion Decision-Making Process, Xiana Bueno, Lucretia Mena-Melendez, Brandon L. Crawford, Ronna C. Turner, Wen-Juo Lo, Kristen N. Jozkowski

Counseling, Leadership, and Research Methods Faculty Publications and Presentations

Research examining men's public opinion on women's and men's roles in abortion is limited but increasingly important as access to abortion has shifted dramatically in the U.S. In this study, we examined U.S. men's views of women's and men's agency in abortion decision-making. We explored 72 in-depth interviews on abortion attitudes conducted with men in 2021 and identified three main narratives. First, most men indicated that abortion is exclusively a women's decision. Several men noted wanting men's opinions to at least be heard in the decision-making process, while still maintaining that women should be the decision-makers. We identified subtle nuances, …