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255-Comparing The Morphology Of Impact Craters In Different Target Lithologies, Jesse Norton Apr 2024

255-Comparing The Morphology Of Impact Craters In Different Target Lithologies, Jesse Norton

GREAT Day Posters

Mars is covered in impact craters of varying sizes formed within a diversity of target lithologies, including lava flows and clastic materials (e.g., sedimentary rocks and volcaniclastics). Using 1-meter digital elevation models (DEMs) from the High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) and 3D Spatial Analyst tools in ArcGIS, the morphometric variables of impact craters were quantified to reveal differences in the erodibility of craters and ejecta blankets in different target rocks. Craters 100m to 1 km in size were chosen by known geologic context including the Gusev crater lava plains (lava flows), Elysium Planitia (lava flows with possible clastic rocks at …

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252-Long-Term Trends In Dominance Of Mustard Hill Coral In San Salvador Reefs, Michaela Cawley Apr 2024

252-Long-Term Trends In Dominance Of Mustard Hill Coral In San Salvador Reefs, Michaela Cawley

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Corals throughout the Caribbean have been declining in abundance for the past three decades, yet one stony coral species commonly known as Mustard Hill (Porites astreoides) has become more dominant. However, a recent study conducted in the Virgin Islands showed that Mustard Hill coral populations have declined. Our research team studied corals in previously surveyed reefs around San Salvador Island, The Bahamas, to determine the trajectory of Mustard Hill populations. Specifically, we wanted to know if the populations had changed since they were last studied in 2019. Data on coral species abundance and percent cover were collected at both Rocky …

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251-Bone Fracture Repair: Analysis Of Mechanical Strength And Porosity Properties Of Biocompatible Collagen Cements, Owen Vincent Apr 2024

251-Bone Fracture Repair: Analysis Of Mechanical Strength And Porosity Properties Of Biocompatible Collagen Cements, Owen Vincent

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Calcium phosphate-based cements (CPCs) have been under investigation for use in setting and repairing bone fractures as a method to replace auto-grafting. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a calcium phosphate mineral and the main mineral component of bone, making it a suitable basis for biocompatible cements. HA cements alone however lack mechanical strength and the porosity required for osteocyte ingrowth and proliferation. In this study, we examine the addition of a protein polymer collagen on the mechanical strength and pore structure of a HA-based CPC via measurements of shear strength and compressive strength, as well as scanning electron microscopy. The study is …

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249-Energy Return On Investment: A Critical Problem For Modern Efforts To Meet The Climate Challenge, Iris Tyler Apr 2024

249-Energy Return On Investment: A Critical Problem For Modern Efforts To Meet The Climate Challenge, Iris Tyler

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Energy return on investment (EROI) refers to the energy available for consumption after accounting for the energy required to produce energy. For example, energy is required to operate oil drilling equipment. Therefore, the total energy available for consumption is the energy required minus the energy produced. This is important because modern energy sources require an ever increasing amount of energy to function. Therefore, the energy available to consumers is reducing, even though absolute energy production increases. There are differing perspectives about solutions to modern environmental problems. The Green Growth perspective argues that we can move to non-fossil fuel alternatives and …

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248-Empathy And Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Investigating Human Altruism And Its Link To Pro-Environmental Behaviors, Anna Arehart Apr 2024

248-Empathy And Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Investigating Human Altruism And Its Link To Pro-Environmental Behaviors, Anna Arehart

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Through the empathy-altruism hypothesis, Batson predicts empathetic concern influences altruistic motivation, which may lead to helping behaviors (Batson et al., 2014). Environmental researchers borrowed this idea and have produced a rich literature showing that empathy is associated with pro-environmental behaviors (PEB). This poster describes an ongoing literature review of this area of research. Our preliminary results show that empathy and associated constructs consistently predict PEB, although these relations are often of modest size. However, the literature is somewhat theoretically confused with no overarching explanation of why these relations exist. We hope to remedy this in our review by examining whether …

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246-Amyloid Beta 1-40 Protein Corona Formation On Gold Colloids And Investigation Of Nano-Size Dependence, Bryan Martinez Hernandez Apr 2024

246-Amyloid Beta 1-40 Protein Corona Formation On Gold Colloids And Investigation Of Nano-Size Dependence, Bryan Martinez Hernandez

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Earlier this year, Professor Yokoyama published a paper in the Langmuir Journal, "Protein Corona Formation and Aggregation Process of Amyloid Beta 1-40 Coated Gold Nano-Colloids". Together with my groupmate for this project, we further investigated the findings from this publication. We found that more different nano sizes of gold colloids followed the same trend when alternating between acidic and basic pH. This was done by using the imaging technique known as Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) on Amyloid-beta1-40(Aβ1-40)proteins that had been coated with gold colloids (20 nanometers and 80 nanometers) to make a visual representation of the spectrum generated during …

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245-Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations And Watershed Impacts, Aleigha Morrison Apr 2024

245-Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations And Watershed Impacts, Aleigha Morrison

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Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOS) are defined as agricultural facilities where 1000 or more animals are born and raised for slaughter in the food industry. Animals are often raised in confined spaces. CAFOs can significantly impact watersheds due to the large quantities of manure they produce. Not only does CAFO manure contain both the artificial hormones and antibiotics they are given, but also excessive amounts of nutrients, bacteria, pathogens and other pollutants, some of which can contribute to eutrophication. The purpose of this project was to map CAFOs in New York State and to compare their locations with watersheds. Data …

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243-Study Spaces On Campus, Rachel Bibler Apr 2024

243-Study Spaces On Campus, Rachel Bibler

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Studying is a huge part of a college student’s life and study spaces can make or break how well college students are able to study. This project explores the different study spaces around a college campus and why students find certain study spaces more effective for studying than others. We sent a survey to students to find out what makes an effective study space. This survey was completed by students who lived on campus as well as students who live off campus. Based on data collected from around the Geneseo campus, we find that the study spaces that have the …

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242-Measurements Of Cosmic Ray Muon Flux During April 8th Eclipse, Aidan Cheeseman Apr 2024

242-Measurements Of Cosmic Ray Muon Flux During April 8th Eclipse, Aidan Cheeseman

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Muons are one of the fundamental particles of the universe. They share many properties with electrons, like charge, but are 200 times more massive. Muons are produced naturally when highly energetic particles originating from the sun or from within distant galaxies, interact with the upper atmosphere of the earth. Each one of these highly energetic particles produces a shower of highly energetic and penetrative muons that rain down on the surface of the earth. Using the TeachSpin muon physics apparatus, measurements of the rate at which muons reach the surface of the earth have been made. These measurements show a …

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241-Exploring The Synthesis Of Maleanilic Acids In Bioderived, Biodegradable Solvents, Emily Rennells Apr 2024

241-Exploring The Synthesis Of Maleanilic Acids In Bioderived, Biodegradable Solvents, Emily Rennells

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A variety of maleanilic acids with different functional groups have been synthesized using green chemistry methods. In the past, maleanilic acids use solvents that are harmful to the environment such as toluene and benzene. Our research is experimenting with green solvents and reaction methods following the twelve principles of green chemistry. The solvent proven to be the most successful is ethyl lactate and is known to be renewable. The overall goal of this synthesis is to produce a final product of maleimides using the maleanilic acids. Maleimides have anti-bacterial, anti-tumor and anti-parasitic properties and are often used in polymers. Different …

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235-Resting State Neural Activity Predicting Psychopathology And Neural Efficiency During Empathy Processing Tasks, Michelle Fitting Apr 2024

235-Resting State Neural Activity Predicting Psychopathology And Neural Efficiency During Empathy Processing Tasks, Michelle Fitting

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Resting state activity has been shown to be correlated with variations in trait empathy, and has also been demonstrated to predict symptomatology. Our study investigates how differences in resting state neural activity predict concurrent neural activity during cognitive tasks involved in empathy processing, as well as how this relationship correlates to well-being. Using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), we monitored blood oxygen levels in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during a resting state condition and while participants performed two empathy-related tasks. Resting state neural activity was measured by having participants look at a static fixation cross on a screen in front …

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232-Use Of 3-D Models And Muscle Moment Arms To Determine The Function And Evolution Of Tyrannosaurus Rex Forelimbs, Kurt Schirrmacher Apr 2024

232-Use Of 3-D Models And Muscle Moment Arms To Determine The Function And Evolution Of Tyrannosaurus Rex Forelimbs, Kurt Schirrmacher

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By utilizing 3-D computer models, it is possible to use the information to reconstruct the musculature of Tyrannosaurus rex. In this study, we obtained laser scans of a nearly complete set of T. rexforelimb bones from the Field Museum. We imported these scans into the software “Maya” (Autodesk) and articulated the separate bones to form the forelimb and created joints around which the bones can move. Then, we imported this model into another software, “OpenSim” (Stanford), where we created muscles as lines, and made sure they interacted properly by creating “via points” and “wrapping surfaces.” Muscle moment arms were automatically …

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229-Analysis Of Kap Survey Data And Biological Trends In Schistosomiasis Reinfections And Coinfections, Miranda Saynuk Apr 2024

229-Analysis Of Kap Survey Data And Biological Trends In Schistosomiasis Reinfections And Coinfections, Miranda Saynuk

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Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) prevalent in tropical areas including Africa, South America, and the Caribbean. Our sample includes individuals, both male and female, ages 8-26 in a small community outside Accra, Ghana. We have looked at two aspects of this disease that include biological data as well as Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) data. Due to the nature ofSchistosoma mansoniandS. haematobium,reinfection is quite common as well as coinfection. Both of these phenomena might correlate with differences in severity of symptom presentation, as well as the quantity of eggs passed in urine and stool. Data was collected from …

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220-Designing Comedy: A Case Study Of Suny Geneseo’S Lucky Stiff, Eleanor Kephart Apr 2024

220-Designing Comedy: A Case Study Of Suny Geneseo’S Lucky Stiff, Eleanor Kephart

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Lucky Stiffis a musical about a man on a journey to discover what it is like to be alive. This story of adventure and love is told through the songs, dialog, and our 1980s comic book-inspired set. We slowly relieved bright colors and sharp patterns within the set to show how new experiences and romance can bring color and interest into the world. The musical starts with Harry Witherspoon working at a boring shoe store; in a mostly black and white world. As Mr. Witherspoon embarks on a whirlwind adventure to Monte Carlo, more color and comic book-inspired patterns are …

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212-Alpine Vegetation In The Adirondacks (Nys), Marty Mahar Apr 2024

212-Alpine Vegetation In The Adirondacks (Nys), Marty Mahar

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Alpine zones are high mountain environments with limited vegetation and weather conditions comparable to arctic regions. The types of vegetation found in alpine zones are unique because they have adapted to the extreme environment. Various types of shrubs are found in the alpine region of the Adirondacks because of their ability to resist frost anddesiccation, and they often grow low to the ground and stay relatively small at their full size. Many alpine zones are a part of national parks or protected areas, such as theAdirondack Park of New York State. The purpose of this project was to map the …

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211-Fear-Inducing Stimuli And Emotion-Induced Blindness, Jeff Mounts Apr 2024

211-Fear-Inducing Stimuli And Emotion-Induced Blindness, Jeff Mounts

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The current study examined how fear-inducing stimuli affected the processing of subsequent stimuli. Previous research has shown that emotional stimuli can disrupt the processing of other stimuli that appear shortly after emotional pictures (e.g., Emotion Induced Blindness). A rapid serial visual presentation task was used in which pictures of spiders and snakes served as fear-inducing distractors, and we measured participants’ ability to identify target pictures in close temporal and spatial proximity to these distractors. Distractors hampered target identification more when they appeared in the same visual field, supporting a spatio-temporal competition account of Emotion Induced Blindness.

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210-A Survey Of The Fruiting Plants And Their Insect Parasites In The Forests Of Western New York, Thomas Back Apr 2024

210-A Survey Of The Fruiting Plants And Their Insect Parasites In The Forests Of Western New York, Thomas Back

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In Western New York's agricultural regions, non-native, cultivated and native plants occur near each other. The distribution of these plants potentially affects the instance of parasitism by insects. This study surveys the interactions between parasitising insects and their host plants in forests that are adjacent to farms of cultivated fruits. We hypothesize that the forests surrounding farms act as reservoirs for parasites during the times when fruits are absent from the farm. Additionally, fruit density may impact rates of parasitism with higher density correlated with higher rates of parasitism. Since fall 2023, we have characterized host-parasite interactions by sampling late-season …

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209-High Microbial Infection Prevalence On Corals Jeopardizes Reef Health Around San Salvador Island, The Bahamas., Micah Ford Apr 2024

209-High Microbial Infection Prevalence On Corals Jeopardizes Reef Health Around San Salvador Island, The Bahamas., Micah Ford

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Coral reefs host some of the most diverse ecosystems in the world, sustaining thousands of species of corals, fish, crustaceans, and other marine organisms. However, due to overfishing and climate change, coral reef health has been declining rapidly worldwide. One major contributor to coral mortality worldwide is coral disease, recently increasing especially in the Florida and Caribbean waters. Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease (SCTLD), which was first identified in Florida in 2014, has rapidly spread into the Caribbean and poses the greatest present disease threat to corals in the Caribbean. We investigated coral disease rates in multiple shallow reef sites …

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203-Investigating Courtship, Display Behaviors, And Personality Of Ant-Mimicking Spiders, Hannah Reid Apr 2024

203-Investigating Courtship, Display Behaviors, And Personality Of Ant-Mimicking Spiders, Hannah Reid

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The ant-mimicking spider Myrmarachne formicaria is a jumping spider (Salticidae) that recently arrived in North America from its native range in Eurasia. They mimic ants in appearance and behavior by moving their two front legs to imitate antennae. Our goal is to determine if these spiders exhibit consistent behavioral traits that can be identified as personality and if this personality relates to male display behavior and their success in courting. Many jumping spider species exhibit complex courtship displays to attract mates. When two M. formicaria males encounter each other they display by moving side-to-side while facing each other. Often this …

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202-Comparing Ecosystem Services Of Native And Non-Native Trees On Suny Geneseo’S Campus, Abigail Miller Apr 2024

202-Comparing Ecosystem Services Of Native And Non-Native Trees On Suny Geneseo’S Campus, Abigail Miller

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Trees provide ecosystem services, improve our environment, and provide monetary benefits. SUNY Geneseo is undergoing construction, including planting new trees. SUNY Geneseo’s commitment to sustainability focuses on creating an ecologically, economically, and socially sound environment. These trees will add to the aesthetics of campus and improve ecosystem services. iTree Design simulates tree plantings, and models their benefits for a specified number of years both monetarily and as ecosystem benefits. Recently, 10Celtis occidentalis(hackberry),10Nyssa sylvatica(black tupelo),and 15Acer rubrum(red maple) were planted on campus. All trees measure 6.3 cm diameter at breast height (DBH), and have full sun exposure. Using iTree Design, we …

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200-How Aging Populations Affect The Economy, Matthew Hoch Apr 2024

200-How Aging Populations Affect The Economy, Matthew Hoch

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Throughout most of recent history, the elderly population has increased gradually across many countries, particularly the United States. The old age dependency ratio (OADR), defined as the ratio of the elderly population to the young, working population, has also increased along with the elderly population ratio. Since 2010, the OADR has maintained an average 3.03% yearly increase, excluding 2020. This constant increase in the OADR is significant because as the OADR increases, governments face higher levels of pressure to fund healthcare programs and pensions. This, in turn, causes government spending to increase, likely leading to an increase in taxes to …

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197-Assessing Water Quality For Streams In Wyoming County, Ny: Pollution, Erosion, And Biodiversity, Micah Ford Apr 2024

197-Assessing Water Quality For Streams In Wyoming County, Ny: Pollution, Erosion, And Biodiversity, Micah Ford

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Stream water quality affects not only the organisms that use the streams as habitat, but also human populations that benefit from the clean water, recreation, and other ecosystem services that streams provide. Characterizing spatial and temporal water quality patterns are critical to maintain and improve these ecosystem services. We have focused on the water quality of streams in Wyoming County, NY. We used data from the New York DEC’s Department of Water Monitoring Data Portal to evaluate water quality. We found that water pollution in Wyoming County streams appears to be minimal, as indicated by water chemistry, heavy metals concentrations, …

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195-Death Valley Mesquite Sand Dunes Migration Patterns And Stability, Jeffrey Herberger Apr 2024

195-Death Valley Mesquite Sand Dunes Migration Patterns And Stability, Jeffrey Herberger

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This project analyzes the migration and stability of sand dunes in the Mesquite dune field in Death Valley National Park. Satellite and aerial images ranging from 1948 to 2022 were analyzed in ArcGIS Pro. Dune crests were traced across the field. The azimuth of each crest was calculated and dune orientations displayed in rose diagrams with comparisons to local wind data. Transverse, star, and barchan dunes were identified. The average azimuth for the main field , over an 80-year period, is 64° to 244° with a standard deviation of 87°. The average azimuth of fringe dunes is 42° to 222° …

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193-The Pantry At Geneseo: An On-Campus Resource Fighting Food Insecurity, Matthew Mcgowan Apr 2024

193-The Pantry At Geneseo: An On-Campus Resource Fighting Food Insecurity, Matthew Mcgowan

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The Pantry at Geneseo is a recent addition to the SUNY Geneseo campus, beginning operation only as recently as 2021. On the Geneseo campus, students are finding that they are having issues securing food to sustain themselves on a weekly basis. Addressing this issue should be a top priority on campus, as student’s who are food insecure tend to have a lower graduation rate and are less likely to obtain an undergraduate degree. Through the Geneseo Ambassador Program, our team looked to increase the number of Pantry users, increase the space available for The Pantry and locate a reliable food …

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189-The Broaden And Build Theory Of Positive Emotions, Meg Pappalardo Apr 2024

189-The Broaden And Build Theory Of Positive Emotions, Meg Pappalardo

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The Broaden and Build Theory of positive emotions is a predictor of human life potential and happiness. This theory proposes that experiencing positive emotions can broaden thoughts and behaviors, which can lead to greater psychological and physical health. We will demonstrate how the Broaden and Build Theory explains how individuals with positive emotions tend to have more success socially, personally, and emotionally. We will discuss the research comparing the skills individuals with positive emotions have to those with less positive emotions, and how experiencing positive emotions can increase personal resources. Our project will explain how positive emotions can lead to …

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188-Efficacy And Limitations Of Geologic Remote Sensing: Comparing Ground Truth To Spectrally Identified Lithology, Mojave National Preserve, California, Allison Wing Apr 2024

188-Efficacy And Limitations Of Geologic Remote Sensing: Comparing Ground Truth To Spectrally Identified Lithology, Mojave National Preserve, California, Allison Wing

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This study investigated the efficacy of utilizing visible, near-infrared (VNIR), and short-wave infrared (SWIR) imagery for geologic mapping. Samples collected from Kelso Station, CA, provided ground truth for field and digital mapping of the region at a 1:8000 scale using ArcGIS Pro and georeferenced sample sites. Aerial data sets of the Kelso region were gathered from Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer (ASTER) multispectral data and processed in ENVI utilizing nine bands within the VNIR (0.4-1.0 µm) and SWIR (1.0-3.0 µm) wavelengths. Regions of interest were created using Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) utilizing three classifications: georeferenced sample lithology, USGS map lithology, and …

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179-Nesting Patterns Of Cavity-Nesting Bees And Wasps, Daniel Lemon Apr 2024

179-Nesting Patterns Of Cavity-Nesting Bees And Wasps, Daniel Lemon

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Cavity-nesting bees and wasps will lay eggs in hollow stems and other pre-made cavities and provision their larvae with food to overwinter until their emergence in spring. To observe the nesting patterns of these insects, we placed nesting boxes containing “bee tubes” made of hollow reeds in five locations around the SUNY Geneseo campus and photographed the tubes once a week over the summer as the tubes were gradually sealed off by insects to form larval cells. We took note of the type of material used to fill the tubes and then analyzed the trends in the phenology and site …

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175-Incidence Of Bacterial Symbionts In The Ant-Mimicking Spider, Myrmarachne Formicaria, Brenna Dunn Apr 2024

175-Incidence Of Bacterial Symbionts In The Ant-Mimicking Spider, Myrmarachne Formicaria, Brenna Dunn

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Myrmarachne formicaria(Salticidae), anant-mimicking spider,is originally native to Eurasia; however, it has been sighted in parts of North America since 2001. Many arthropod species, including spiders, carry maternally inherited endosymbiont bacteria, some of which have reproductive effects on their hosts.While endosymbionts have been associated with some arachnids, we are unsure ifM. formicariahosts any of these bacteria. Other studies have shown that some arthropods have experienced a loss of associated endosymbiont bacteria upon colonization of new regions.Previous genetic work in our lab to learn aboutM. formicaria’sintroduction history found less mitochondrial DNA genetic diversity in samples from New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio, suggesting …

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170-To Report Or Not Report: Implications For Victims Of Sexual Assault, Nieve Mahood Apr 2024

170-To Report Or Not Report: Implications For Victims Of Sexual Assault, Nieve Mahood

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Sexual assault is a widespread problem that disproportionately affects women; one in four women will be sexually assaulted in their lifetime (Morgan & Ouderkerk, 2019), with many of these assaults going unreported. There are a variety of reasons for why a rape victim may choose not to report their assault, including shame, disbelief from law enforcement, and self-blame (e.g., Naseralla & Warner, 2019). Further, Black victims are less likely to report their assault, which may occur because Black victims are consistently blamed more for their assaults than White victims (e.g., Dupuis & Clay, 2013). Our current work seeks to examine …

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169-Why Representation Matters: Examining The Role Of Congressional Racial Diversity On Political Engagement, Zoe Navratil Apr 2024

169-Why Representation Matters: Examining The Role Of Congressional Racial Diversity On Political Engagement, Zoe Navratil

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The current United States Congress is historically the most racially diverse, but the voter turnout gap between white and Black voters continues to grow exponentially. This research aims to form connections between Black congressional representation and the political participation of Black voters in elections. I will examine factors such as the importance of descriptive representation, implications of intersectional identities, and the concept of identity politics as related to race. Furthermore, I will offer potential solutions to increase political participation among Black voters such as expanding and codifying voting rights for racial minority groups.

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