Digital Commons Network^™

Government Misinformation Platforms, Janet Freilich

Faculty Scholarship

There is a harmful mismatch between how information published by the government is perceived-as highly trustworthy-and the reality that it is often not. This Article shows that the government frequently collects information from third party private entities and publishes it with no review or vetting. Although this information is riddled with errors and inaccuracies, scholars, policymakers, and the public treat the information with unwarranted confidence because it derives from the government. Further, institutional imprimatur (and consequent trust) attaches to information even tangentially associated with the government and to information where the government explicitly disclaims review.

This Article highlights the ubiquity …

Marketing, Other Intangibles, And Output Growth In 61 United States Industries, Leo Sveikauskas, Rachel Soloveichik, Corby Garner, Peter B. Meyer, James Bessen, Matthew Russell

Faculty Scholarship

Experts in the System of National Accounts (SNA) recently considered whether marketing could be included as a capital asset in the national accounts and later recommended that marketing should be an intangible in the 2025 SNA (IMF, 2022, 2023). This paper prepares macroeconomic measures of the United States marketing stock and develops similar measures within 61 industries. We find that, from 1987 to 2020, marketing capital contributed approximately as much to output growth (0.18 percentage point per year) as R&D (0.15) or software (0.19) did. Software grew more rapidly, but marketing had a larger factor share. Marketing contributes even more …

How Livelihood Change Affects Food Choice Behaviors In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review, Emma Kenney Mph-Pa, Krystal K. Rampalli, Sharraf Samin, Edward A. Frongillo Ph.D., Ligia I. Reyes, Shiva Bhandari, Morgan Boncyk, Stella Nordhagen, Helen Walls, Sigrid Wertheim-Heck, Amy Ickowitz, Solveig A. Cunningham, Ramya Ambikapathi, Beatrice Ekesa, Mirriam Matita, Christine E. Blake Ph.D., Rd

Faculty Publications

Livelihoods have changed dramatically over the past decade in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). These shifts are happening in tandem with shifts in individual and household food choice behaviors. This scoping review aimed to identify and characterize mechanisms through which livelihood changes could affect food choice behaviors in LMIC, including behaviors relating to food production, acquisition, preparation, distribution, and consumption. A literature search was conducted using 4 databases: PubMed, PsycInfo, AGRICOLA, and Embase. The search was further enhanced by expert solicitations. Studies were included if they measured or focused on a livelihood change, described or assessed a change in ≥1 …

Bridging The Gap Between Molecular Components And Functional Electronic Chemical Sensing Devices With 2d Layered, Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks, Emma Katherine Ambrogi

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Layered, conductive framework materials are a class of materials with properties that make them ideal sensing materials in electronic chemical sensors. My thesis is focused on the development of these materials for electrochemical sensing of liquid phase analytes, and on understanding the material–analyte and material–electrode interfaces, and their self-assembly and deposition onto surfaces.

Chapter 1 provides a summary of the use of layered conductive metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in electronic chemical sensors, detailing the materials and sensor architectures employed, and the analytes detected. Relevant performance metrics are compared, and investigations into material–analyte interactions are highlighted.

Chapter …

Germanium-Tin On Silicon For Integrated Photonics And Integrated Quantum Materials, Shang Liu

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Group IV GeSn alloys are attracting attention due to their compatibility with the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process. On one hand, Ge-rich GeSn alloys with a tunable direct bandgap are well-suited to infrared (IR) photonic applications such as image sensors. On the other hand, Sn-rich GeSn alloys in diamond cubic α phase are topological quantum materials (TQM) holding potential for important quantum applications. However, directly growing GeSn on Si remains challenging due to the lattice mismatch. Regular epitaxial GeSn grown on a Ge buffer layer is not applicable to many photonic applications including CMOS image sensors (CIS) because the buffer layer …

3-D Reconstruction For Underwater Robots With A Monocular Camera And Lights, Monika Roznere

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Before a robot can act, it must perceive its environment. Though, this is not a simple task when considering the challenges in underwater domains -- poor visibility conditions, limited sensor configurations, and lack of readily accessible localization. Underwater robots have, nevertheless, improved dramatically with more extensive sensor and navigation equipment. Robot and sensor use have enabled us to explore all reaches of our oceans. On the other hand, these same robots are not easily accessible or transferable to many practical tasks, including fishery management, infrastructure maintenance, disaster response, site conservation, and ecological surveys. There is a growing need for robots …

Hierarchal Single-Cell Lineage Tracing Reveals Differential Fate Commitment Of Cd8 T-Cell Clones In Response To Acute Infection., Leena Abdullah

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Generating balanced populations of CD8 effector and memory T cells is necessary for immediate and durable immunity to infections and cancer. Yet, a definitive understanding of CD8 differentiation remains unclear. Here we used CARLIN, a processive lineage recording mouse model with single-cell RNA-seq and TCR-seq to track endogenous antigen-specific CD8 T cells during acute viral infection.

Transcriptional profiling of antigen-specific T cells at the peak of the effector response to Vesicular stomatitis virus uncovered a diverse repertoire of expanded antigen-specific T-cell clones represented by seven transcriptional states. TCR enrichment analysis identified TCR clones with differential memory- or effector-fate biases during …

The Evidence Is Mounting: Insurance Coverage Disruptions Lead To Worse Outcomes Among Children Diagnosed With Cancer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Remnant Polarization And Structural Arrangement In P(Vdf-Trfe) Electrospun Fiber Meshes Affect Osteogenic Differentiation Of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, Bahareh Azimi, Massimiliano Labardi, Mohammad Sajad Sorayani Bafqi, Teresa Macchi, Claudio Ricci, Veronica Carnicelli, Lorenzo Scarpelli, Istiak Hussain, Francesca Matino, Mohammed Uddin

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

Highlights

• The type of solvent had noticeable effects on morphology and piezoelectric properties of P(VDF-TrFE) electrospun fibers.

• Using MEK as a solvent and specific environmental conditions led to the obtainment of surface nanopores.

• Uniaxially aligned fibers exhibited higher β phase and mechanical properties than random ones.

• Randomly oriented fibers had higher remnant piezoelectric properties (Vout, d31 piezoelectric coefficient) than aligned ones.

• Human mesenchymal stem cells cultured on randomly oriented fibers showed an accelerated osteogenic differentiation.

Abstract

Many tissues and cells are influenced by mechano-electric stimulation, thus the application of piezoelectric materials has recently received considerable attention in tissue engineering. …

Effects Of Serum Potassium On Mortality In Patients With St-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Danielle O'Connell, Vivek S Patel, Peyton A Armstrong, Zubaid Rafique, Lillian M Tia, Krishna K Paul, Dietrich V Jehle

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Disturbances in potassium levels can induce ventricular arrhythmias and heighten mortality in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study evaluates the influence of sK levels on seven-day mortality and incidence of ventricular arrhythmias in STEMI patients to further improve clinical guidelines and outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective, propensity-matched study analyzed approximately 250,000 acute STEMI patients from 55 major academic medical centers/healthcare organizations (HCOs) in the US Collaborative Network of the TriNetX database. The sK levels recorded on the day of STEMI diagnosis were categorized into four cohorts: sK ≤ 3.4 (hypokalemia), 3.5 ≤ sK ≤ 4.5 (normal-control), 4.6 ≤ …

Examining The Relationship Between Anxiety Severity And Autism-Related Challenges During Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Children With Autism, Jeffrey J Wood, Philip C Kendall, Connor M Kerns, Brent J Small, Wayne K Goodman, Eric A Storch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: Using data from a randomized clinical trial evaluating cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for children with autism and co-occurring anxiety, this study examined the relationship between autism features and anxiety symptoms throughout CBT.

METHODS: Two multilevel mediation analyses were run which examined the mediating role of changes in anxiety for changes in two core features of autism, (a) repetitive and restrictive behaviors (RRBs) and (b) social communication/interaction impairments, between pre- and post-treatment.

RESULTS: Indirect effects between time and autism characteristics were significant for both models, indicating that as anxiety changes, so do RRBs and social communication/interaction as the outcomes respectively. …

To What Extent Do Water Reuse Treatments Reduce Antibiotic Resistance Indicators? A Comparison Of Two Full-Scale Systems, Ishi Keenum, Jeanette Calarco, Haniyyah Majeed, E. Eldridge Hager-Soto, Charles Bott, Emily Garner, Valerie J. Harwood, Amy Pruden

Michigan Tech Publications

Water reuse is an essential strategy for reducing water demand from conventional sources, alleviating water stress, and promoting sustainability, but understanding the effectiveness of associated treatment processes as barriers to the spread of antibiotic resistance is an important consideration to protecting human health. We comprehensively evaluated the reduction of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in two field-operational water reuse systems with distinct treatment trains, one producing water for indirect potable reuse (ozone/biologically-active carbon/granular activated carbon) and the other for non-potable reuse (denitrification-filtration/chlorination) using metagenomic sequencing and culture. Relative abundances of total ARGs/clinically-relevant ARGs and cultured ARB were …

Revealing Nitrate Uptake And Dispersion Dynamics Using High-Frequency Sensors And Two-Dimensional Modeling In A Large River System, Amirreza Zarnaghsh, Michelle Kelly, Amy Burgin, Admin Husic

Michigan Tech Publications

Nitrate pollution of water bodies is a critical issue in many parts of the world because of its negative effects on aquatic ecosystem and human health. Effective management of pollution, such as the continuous or instantaneous release from point-sources, requires an understanding – with high spatial and temporal resolution – of how nitrate is dispersed and cycled within rivers. Nitrate sensing data show promise for this purpose, but their integration into numerical models is scarce; thus, questions remain regarding the necessary spatial grid size and temporal resolution required to resolve sensor readings. In this study, we developed an unsteady two-dimensional …

Low Absolute Risk Of Thrombotic And Cardiovascular Events In Outpatient Pregnant Women With Covid-19, Behnood Bikdeli, Darsiya Krishnathasan, Candrika Khairani, Antoine Bejjani, Julia Davies, Nicole Porio, Anthony Tristani, Andre Armero, Ali Assi, Victor Nauffal, Umberto Campia, Zaid Almarzooq, Eric Wei, Marcos Ortiz-Rios, Valeria Zuluaga-Sánchez, Aditya Achanta, Sirus Jesudasen, Bruce Tiu, Geno Merli, Orly Leiva, John Fanikos, Elvira Grandone, Aditya Sharma, Samantha Rizzo, Mariana Pfeferman, Ruth Morrison, Alec Vishnevsky, Judith Hsia, Mark Nehler, James Welker, Marc Bonaca, Brett Carroll, Samuel Goldhaber, Zhou Lan, Gregory Piazza

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Pregnancy may contribute to an excess risk of thrombotic or cardiovascular events. COVID-19 increases the risk of these events, although the risk is relatively limited among outpatients. We sought to determine whether outpatient pregnant women with COVID-19 are at a high risk for cardiovascular or thrombotic events.

MATERIALS & METHODS: We analyzed pregnant outpatients with COVID-19 from the multicenter CORONA-VTE-Network registry. The main study outcomes were a composite of adjudicated venous or arterial thrombotic events, and a composite of adjudicated cardiovascular events. Events were assessed 90 days after the COVID-19 diagnosis and reported for non-pregnant women ≤45 years, and …

Better The Devil You Know: Improved Forecasts From Imperfect Models, Dong Hwan Oh, Andrew John Patton

Research Collection School Of Economics

Many important economic decisions are based on a parametric forecasting model that is known to be good but imperfect. We propose methods to improve out-of-sample forecasts from a misspecified model by estimating its parameters using a form of local M estimation (thereby nesting local OLS and local MLE), drawing on information from a state variable that is correlated with the misspecification of the model. We theoretically consider the forecast environments in which our approach is likely to offer improvements over standard methods, and we find significant forecast improvements from applying the proposed method across four distinct empirical analyses including volatility …

Error Estimates For A Mixed Finite Element Method For The Maxwell's Transmission Eigenvalue Problem, Chao Wang, Jintao Cui, Jiguang Sun

Michigan Tech Publications

In this paper, we analyze a numerical method combining the Ciarlet-Raviart mixed finite element formulation and an iterative algorithm for the Maxwell's transmission eigenvalue problem. The eigenvalue problem is first written as a nonlinear quad-curl eigenvalue problem. Then the real transmission eigenvalues are proved to be the roots of a non-linear function. They are the generalized eigenvalues of a related linear self-adjoint quad-curl eigenvalue problem. These generalized eigenvalues are computed by a mixed finite element method. We derive the error estimates using the spectral approximation of compact operators, the theory of mixed finite element method for quad-curl problems, and the …

Smokejumper Obituary: Wight, Stephen William (North Cascades 1965), National Smokejumper Association

Smokejumper Obituaries

No abstract provided.

Total Aortic Arch Replacement Using A Frozen Elephant Trunk Device: Results Of A 1-Year Us Multicenter Trial, S Chris Malaisrie, Allan Stewart, Paul Stelzer, Hiroo Takayama, Edward P Chen, Anthony L Estrera, Thomas G Gleason, Michael P Fischbein, Leonard N Girardi, Himanshu J Patel, Joseph E Bavaria, Scott A Lemaire

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: In this prospective US investigational device exemption trial, we assessed the safety and 1-year clinical outcomes of the Thoraflex Hybrid device (Terumo Aortic) for the frozen elephant trunk technique to repair the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending thoracic aorta.

Methods: For the trial, which involved 12 US sites, 65 patients without rupture were recruited into the primary study group, and 9 patients were recruited into the rupture group. All patients underwent open surgical repair of the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending thoracic aorta in cases of aneurysm and/or dissection. The primary end point was freedom from major …

Fatigue Impacts Quality Of Life In People With Spinocerebellar Ataxias, Chi-Ying R Lin, Tiffany X Chen, Susan Perlman, George Wilmot, Christopher M Gomez, Jeremy D Schmahmann, Henry Paulson, Sarah H Ying, Chiadi U Onyike, Theresa A Zesiewicz, Khalaf O Bushara, Michael D Geschwind, Karla P Figueroa, Stefan M Pulst, Sub H Subramony, Matthew R Burns, Puneet Opal, Antoine Duquette, Tetsuo Ashizawa, Ali G Hamedani, Marie Y Davis, Sharan R Srinivasan, Lauren R Moore, Vikram G Shakkottai, Liana S Rosenthal, Sheng-Han Kuo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Fatigue is a prevalent and debilitating symptom in neurological disorders, including spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs). However, the risk factors of fatigue in the SCAs as well as its impact have not been well investigated.

Objectives: To study the prevalence of fatigue in SCAs, the factors contributing to fatigue, and the influence of fatigue on quality of life.

Methods: Fatigue was assessed in 418 participants with SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, and SCA6 from the Clinical Research Consortium for the Study of Cerebellar Ataxia using the Fatigue Severity Scale. We conducted multi-variable linear regression models to examine the factors contributing to fatigue as …

Telehealth Experience Among Patients With Limited English Proficiency, Courtney R Lyles, David W Bates, Lipika Samal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This cross-sectional study assesses the implication of patients’ English language skills for telehealth use and visit experience.

Looking Beyond Mortality Prediction: Primary Care Physician Views Of Patients' Palliative Care Needs Predicted By A Machine Learning Tool, Akhila Penumarthy, John Laurentiev, Jan Lamey, Subrina Farah, Stuart Lipsitz, Nina Jain, David W Bates, Li Zhou, Joshua R Lakin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: To assess primary care physicians' (PCPs) perception of the need for serious illness conversations (SIC) or other palliative care interventions in patients flagged by a machine learning tool for high 1-year mortality risk.

Methods: We surveyed PCPs from four Brigham and Women's Hospital primary care practice sites. Multiple mortality prediction algorithms were ensembled to assess adult patients of these PCPs who were either enrolled in the hospital's integrated care management program or had one of several chronic conditions. The patients were classified as high or low risk of 1-year mortality. A blinded survey had PCPs evaluate these patients for …

Substance Misuse In Adults: A Primary Care Approach

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Substance misuse and substance use disorder continue to be major causes of morbidity and mortality, and family physicians are well positioned to provide evidence-based prevention and management for these conditions. Of people 12 years and older, 13% reported using a nonprescribed controlled substance in the past month, and 24% had at least one episode of binge drinking of alcohol, defined as five or more drinks for men and four or more drinks for women on one occasion. Benzodiazepines are used by 12% of the U.S. population. Clinicians should incorporate standardized screening and brief intervention for use of alcohol and other …

Advocacy Spotlight: Sen. Sam Singh, Mda Legislator Of The Year, Neema Katibai Jd

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Sen. Sam Singh, Michigan Senate Majority Floor Leader and MDA Legislative Achievement Award recipient, discusses oral health priorities and legislative successes. In an interview, Singh highlights the passage of SB 280, which ensures oral health assessments for kindergarteners, and SB 281, which enhances network leasing transparency. Singh emphasizes the importance of oral health in overall well-being and bipartisan support for these initiatives. He credits the Michigan Dental Association for its advocacy and advises dentists to engage in advocacy through associations and direct communication with elected officials.

Mda At Your Service: How Can I Choose The Right Associate Position?, Kristin Johnson Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

MDA Staff, with input from Membership Chair Kristin Johnson, DDS, advise dentists on various concerns: reviewing employment contracts with legal counsel, updating personal/practice info, obtaining MDA logo for websites, and enhancing visibility on Find a Dentist platforms. Legal and ethical considerations are highlighted when terminating difficult patient relationships. Membership benefits include contract reviews and promotional resources.

Dentistry And The Law: Taking Records When Leaving A Practice, Dan Schulte Jd

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

MDA Legal Counsel Dan Schulte advises on departing partner issues: without contracts, disputes arise regarding records, patient ownership, and practice buyout. Employment and shareholder agreements ensure orderly transitions and protect practice interests. Patient records legally belong to the practice, and transferring them without consent violates laws. Patients can request records, but fees apply. Schulte stresses the importance of agreements to avoid costly disputes and ensure continuity of care.

The New Professional: Navigating The Journey: Finding Your Practice Philosophy As A New Dentist, Amrita Patel Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Dr. Amrita Patel highlights the importance of defining a practice philosophy as a new dentist. Self-reflection, mentorship, patient-centered care, continuous learning, and adaptability are crucial elements in this journey. Embracing personal values and ethics ensures authenticity and guides decision-making. The evolving nature of this philosophy underscores the need for flexibility and openness to change. Dentists can shape their professional identity and approach to patient care through introspection and experiential learning.

J Mich Dent Assoc May 2024

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Every month, The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association provides news, information, and features about Michigan dentistry to our state's oral health community and the MDA's 6,200+ members. It stands as the primary publication reaching Michigan dentists.

In the May 2024 issue, the Journal focuses on the landscape of practicing in rural settings. Original content includes:

• A cover story interview introducing MDA President Todd Christy

• A feature clinical case report on Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia Progressing to Squamous Cell Carcinoma

• Profiles of the 2024 MDA Awards Recipients

• A New Professional Column: “Navigating the Journey: Finding Your Practice Philosophy as a New …

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Mda Foundation: Mda Foundation Grant Helps Huda Clinic Celebrate 20 Years Of Service, Anne Berquist

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

MDA Foundation Director discusses the 20th anniversary of HUDA Clinic, Detroit's largest free clinic, providing crucial medical, dental, and mental health services to the uninsured. Supported by a $10,000 grant from the MDA Foundation, HUDA plans to expand dental services due to overwhelming demand, aiming to provide daily care. They seek volunteers and donations to meet the significant need, especially for dentures. Expansion plans include collaboration with local dental schools and community colleges.

Staff Matters: Utilizing ‘Unretired’ Workers To Address Hiring Challenges, Jodi Schafer Sphr, Shrm-Scp

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Jodi Schafer suggests targeting "unretired" workers to address front office staffing challenges in dental practices. These retirees bring valuable experience, reliability, and a commitment to customer service. Strategies include offering flexible schedules and competitive benefits and targeting recruitment efforts through networks frequented by retirees. Utilizing this demographic can supplement and support full-time staff, alleviating hiring difficulties.

Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia Progressing To Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report, Magdalena Orlowska Dds, Felipe Nör Dds, Ms, Phd, Robert Eber Dds, Ms, Stephanie Munz Dds, David Tindle Dds, Ms

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is an uncommon type of oral leukoplakia characterized by white patches featuring verrucoid areas. It is a condition of idiopathic origin, displaying a strong tendency to transform into squamous cell carcinoma, verrucous carcinoma, or the newly described particulate carcinoma. PVL is more commonly found in elderly women who have had leukoplakic lesions for many years. Although PVL may be found virtually anywhere in the oral cavity, the buccal mucosa, gingiva, and tongue are the most common sites. In this case, we describe a lesion of this nature found in an elderly male patient. PVL is difficult …