Digital Commons Network^™

Expanding The Use Of Palladium-Catalyzed Beta-Aryl Elimination Reactions, Anna G. Tyshka, Tyler J. King, Lucas D. Day, Timothy R. Welsh

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

Transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions involving organic boronic acids are ubiquitous throughout organic synthesis. Despite the popularity of these methods, some boronic acids, such as those with 2-heteroaryl, 2-fluoroaryl, and cyclopropyl substituents, are incompatible, as these species decompose via protodeboronation prior to their incorporation into the desired reaction. To circumvent the protodeboronation process, the organometallic intermediates typically generated via catalyst transmetallation with a boronic acid can instead be generated via β-carbon elimination Efforts will focus on solving the so-called "2-pyridyl problem" and broadening the scope of known coupling partners in a Suzuki-like reaction, then systematically expand to include other palladium- and …

Examining The Use Of Two Novel Recovery Techniques On Reaction Time, Jack Hensley, Dustin Keltsch, Markus Roberts, Trevor Durfee, Nolan Gardner

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

Box Breathing is a breathing technique in which a person inhales, holds, exhales, and holds, in four-second increments. It is believed to help improve an individual's focus. Purpose: This study was conducted to determine if Box Breathing would improve reaction time in lacrosse players after an exhaustive bout of exercise, compared to active recovery and passive recovery. Methods: Participants were familiarized with the components of the study, and then they returned on three separate days, approximately 2-10 days apart for three additional testing visits. Participants performed a 10-minute exhaustive bout of exercise on a cycle ergometer, then performed one of …

The Effect Of Foam Rolling With Vibration On Vertical Jump Performance In Division Iii Football Players, Madison Holloway, Elisa Melville, Jolie Labarge

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

Vibrating foam rollers are a new percussive device that has become increasingly popular to perform myofascial release. Various studies have assessed these devices' effects on vertical jump performance in athletes. Prior research has reported that vibrating rollers (1) have no effect on performance, (2) improve performance to a similar degree as regular foam rollers, and (3) improve performance to a greater degree than regular foam rollers. The inconsistency of these results suggests that further investigation is warranted. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of vibrating and non-vibrating foam rolling on vertical jump performance in division …

Urinary Indicators Of Recovery Status In Collegiate Cross Country Runners, Madelynn Struck, Laura Taylor, Nile Devers, Erickson Kunzler

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

Assessment of urinary biomarkers pre- and post-exercise has been used to monitor athletes' health status. This HSRB approved descriptive study measured 8 urinary biomarkers in 19 collegiate cross-country runners (M-10, F-9, age 20±1.0 years) throughout the first nine weeks of a fall cross-country season. Baseline values were measured prior to the start of the season and were repeated two and three days post-race. They were also measured pre-, immediately post-, and 1-day-post hard workout. All values were within normal, healthy physiological limits, however, there were some mean changes that occurred over the course of the season and within workouts. Significant …

Β-Decay Strength Function Of 99,100 Y, Nathaniel Jobson, A. Spyrou

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

The rapid neutron capture process (r process) is responsible for the formation of numerous nuclei in the universe. To obtain better models for heavier nuclei that are part of the r process, the decay paths of 99,100Y were analyzed. This work was done using the Summing NaI(Tl) detector at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory. The Iβ(E) and the Beta Gamow-Teller function (BGT) were extracted from the measured Total Absorption Spectroscopy (TAS), Sum of Segments (SEG), and Multiplicity spectrum. The Iβ(E) and the Beta Gamow-Teller function (BGT) were extracted from the measured spectra and then compared to the Quasi Random Phase …

Comparative Analysis Of British & American Schools, Max Ralston

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

This study was designed to discover how students in an immersive educational experience in Liverpool, UK, made sense of and learned from a comparative analysis of British and American schools. Our first goal was to determine education students' beliefs about American and British schooling at the beginning of the experience. The second goal was to collect data from various sources, including surveys, observations, journals, and recorded conversations during the two-week clinical experience. Students used their lived experiences in the schools to construct a comparative analysis Google chart. The third goal was to analyze students' understanding at the Liverpool experience’s conclusion. …

Escalating Conflict-Related Sexual And Gender Violence In The Ongoing Sudan Conflict, Agnes Poplawski

Cardozo International & Comparative Law Review (CICLR) Blog

Since its independence from Great Britain and Egypt in the late 1950s, Sudan has been in a state of perpetual internal conflict. When Omar al-Bashir seized power and became Sudan’s president in 1989, the state had split into northern and southern Sudan, resulting in South Sudan’s secession. Sudan’s economy began to deteriorate, mass street protests erupted, and the military-civilian government was soon created and overthrown in 2021 when General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan took over. Since this time, the country had been run by a council of generals led by two military figures from opposing groups, bringing us to Sudan’s current …

Implications Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Exposure On The Auditory Physiology And Iron Bioaccumulation In House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus), Shae Johnston, Peyton Hallemann, Olivia Sprys-Tellner

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

Air pollution (including particulate matter, PM) has increased as a result of a dramatic increase in urbanization. Nanoparticles within PM can be detrimental to health when inhaled., because they are small enough to bypass the blood-brain and blood-gas barriers, and can potentially accumulate in organs within the organism. For example, previous work has linked bioaccumulation of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPS) to cancer and organ poisoning. Interestingly, in model organisms, nanoparticle exposure has also been linked to hearing deficits, suggesting that decline in hearing may be an early bioindicator of future health consequences. While the specific mechanism for this hearing deficit …

Quantifying The Effect Of Air On Uncertainty In The Particle Accelerator, Megan Haeussler, Evelyn Martin, Zachary Doctor

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

In preparation to measure environmental PFAS contamination, we are quantifying measurement uncertainties of liquid Sodium-Fluoride (NaF) standards undergoing particle induced gamma emission (PIGE). These standards are measured in the atmosphere outside of the vacuum environment of the particle accelerator at Hope College. One source of uncertainty is the dimensions of the experimental setup. If the target is even one millimeter farther away from the exit window than anticipated, the beam will lose energy as it travels through the air and will not be able to penetrate as far into the target as expected. We aim to quantify the uncertainty caused …

Doc 2024-02 Reconfiguration Of Cap-L, University Of Dayton. Academic Policies Committee

Senate Documents

Action: Legislative Authority

APC proposes to reformulate the CAP-L to include 2 members from each broad component being workshopped in a given academic year, as well as those being workshopped in the following year. Targeted representation will provide the subject matter experts necessary to plan and execute meaningful component workshops. CAP-L will be required to consult regularly with CAP-C in their planning and execution of the workshops. Consultation with CAP-C will serve as broad representation and feedback from units across campus.

The Different Impacts On Mental Health From Burnout And Boredom In Undergraduate Pre-Health And Nursing Students, Lexi Siefke

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

Poor mental health has been shown in pre-medical students starting in undergraduate and persisting throughout their careers (Fang et al. 2010). Further, mental health has also been associated with burnout in medical student populations and boredom in general populations, making it difficult to distinguish burnout and boredom from one another. Research has not shown how mental health, boredom, and burnout relate to and are different from one another in undergraduate students. Our data include 510 pre-health and nursing students in three separate cohorts, each surveyed over the course of four years. To measure mental health, students were asked how many …

Teachers' Belief, Values, And Practices In Collaborative Writing Conferences With Emerging Bilingual Students, Megan Hodgman

Theses and Dissertations

Emerging bilingual (EB) students are present in many mainstream secondary writing classrooms; however, little existing research addresses how best practices designed in other contexts help these students. One such practice is writing conferences. This study analyzed the responses of five middle school English Language Arts (ELA) teachers about their writing conference practices with EB students. Teachers' responses suggested that these teachers were unsure what writing conferences should look like and what to expect from EB students. When teachers prioritized what they saw as most beneficial, their writing conferences seemed more collaborative. These findings suggest that administrators, teachers, and teacher educators …

Death Stranding: A New Digital Ecology, Jordan Long

Theses and Dissertations

This essay analyzes Death Stranding, the 2019 release from contemporary game auteur Hideo Kojima. Here, I discuss the unique potentialities of this game world, detailing the ways in which Death Stranding expresses ecological perspectives. Asynchronous multiplayer serves as a unique metagame, helping to prove that play is a process of action which facilitates ecological thinking. The world of Death Stranding is filled with strange objects. The nonhuman entities that the player encounters throughout the game, for example, seem entirely alien. And yet, when these entities are properly understood, we realize that their inclusion is necessary--and natural. Your "job" in the …

Multiscale Characterization Of Dislocation Development During Cyclic Bending Under Tension In Commercially Pure Titanium, Nathan R. Miller

Theses and Dissertations

Continuous bending under tension (CBT) has been shown to increase room temperature elongation-to-failure (ETF) in various sheet metals past that of simple tension (ST). In commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) Grade 4, up to 3x extended elongation over ST has been achieved. A greater understanding of deformation mechanisms in CBT would allow for its elongation-enhancing effects to be more fully exploited in HCP and other metals, creating potential for new forming strategies. While most of the extended ETF has been attributed to delayed localization via incremental deformation inherent to the CBT process, together with compressive stabilization and relaxation of mechanical strain …

The National Basketball Association Communications Strategy For The 2019-20 Season Restart, Trevor Dale Jones

Theses and Dissertations

This paper analyzes the NBA's communications efforts from June 4 to July 30, 2020 as it prepared for an unprecedented season restart in the early days of a global pandemic. While scholars have examined the media's framing of the NBA in this period, there is a gap in the literature when looking at the official NBA communications strategy of the organization itself. As the first study to use risk communication theory in a sports scenario while also employing corporate social advocacy as the second theoretical basis of analysis, this qualitative study is a thematic and textual analysis of 14 NBA …

Validating Boyness: How Art Education Allows Male Adolescent Students A Space For Authenticity, Vulnerability, Empathy, And Connection, Stephanie Behlke-Mcfarland

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines societal norms and unwritten rules for boys as they mature. It is hypothesized that most boys deal with emotional suppression or dissociation in varying degrees of severity due to traumas during their developmental years. This dissociation creates an inability to express their own emotions adequately and therefore affects their ability to empathize with others. A lack of vulnerability may also be a common challenge among boys society still considers vulnerability weakness. This pattern continues into adulthood and is then perpetuated through posterity and future generations. This thesis explores through a qualitative case study how using art integration …

2023-2024 Senior Recital - Niloufar Mirzanabi Khani (Cello), Niloufar Mirzanabi Khani, Sheng Yuan Kuan

Junior and Senior Recitals

No abstract provided.

Without Congressional Action, An 1873 Law Could Result In A National Abortion Ban, Hope Peraria

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights and Social Justice (ERSJ) Blog

On March 26, 2024, the Supreme Court heard oral arguments for U.S. Food and Drug Administration v. Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine which involves Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) regulations of mifepristone, a drug that induces abortion. The case raises questions about the future of abortion access throughout the U.S. and, more broadly, the ability of courts to review and limit the FDA’s expert decision-making and regulating. During the oral arguments, two Justices were focused on a long-dormant law that could be used to ban abortion nationally with no action from congress: The Comstock Act.

This post was originally published on …

Assessing Standing In Fda V. Alliance For Hippocratic Medicine, Katie Negroni

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights and Social Justice (ERSJ) Blog

Last week the Supreme Court heard oral arguments in FDA v. Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine. This case arose out of a challenge to the FDA’s authorization of mifepristone, one of the two drugs currently approved for use in medication abortions. The Supreme Court considered two issues: first, whether the respondents had Article III standing to challenge the FDA’s 2016 and 2021 actions with respect to mifepristone’s approved conditions of use, and second, whether the “FDA’s 2016 and 2021 actions were arbitrary and capricious.” In 2016, the FDA loosened restrictions around the authorization and use of mifepristone, including eliminating the requirement …

The Mart Of 8th Ave, Jacob Zhao

B.F.A. Practicum Exhibition (ART 498)

1. Identity is extremely valuable but can be a broad category; and it never comes in a box but also with labels, addresses, materials, care, shapes, and sizes. Graphic design is everywhere and I believe its purpose is to create an identity and message but not all messages are for the greater good. Packaging in common food and other products includes labels of misleading or false information. The rules that enforce these labels and most of the time it’s pointless to label on. Words like “Natural” make some foods sound better than what the label implies. People are tricked into buying …

It Builds Character, Harlene Simmons

B.F.A. Practicum Exhibition (ART 498)

In the depths of our minds, we carry fragments of our past, pieces of childhood experiences that shape our future selves. Memories, whether warm and joyful, unbearably bad, or insignificant, serve as the building blocks of our character. It is the give and take between these memories and the vices we often keep hidden. My work brings to light the vices that quietly shadow our journey from innocence to adulthood—through methods of printmaking, primarily lithography, I set my childlike self in an empty space to emphasize the idea of memory, however clear or faint it may be. Central to my …

Springlot, Usa, Benson Greenwell

B.F.A. Practicum Exhibition (ART 498)

Utilizing digital media, I design work that embraces the humor and playfulness found even in the darkest of situations and environments. The humor expresses liveliness and absurdity — reminiscent of my childhood — but is reinforced by a mature perspective. It is through designing art that I can explore my witty and sensitive side. My artistic purpose is to put a smile on people’s faces.

This exhibition introduces the fictional town of Springlot, USA, The town acts as a central melting pot for many different tourist traps. The exhibition is inspired by a trip to South Dakota I took with …

“It Didn’T Hurt Me”: Patients’ And Providers’ Perspectives On Unsupervised Take‑Home Doses, Drug Diversion, And Overdose Risks In The Provision Of Medication For Opioid Use Disorder During Covid‑19 In San Juan, Puerto Rico, Roberto Abadie, Celia B. Fisher

School of Global Integrative Studies: Faculty Publications

Background During the COVID−19 pandemic, clinics offering medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) needed to rapidly introduce unsupervised take−home dosing, while relapsing patients and patients unable to enter treatment faced increased risks of fentanyl−related overdose deaths and other drug−related harms. Based on a qualitative study of people who inject drugs (PWID) receiving MOUD treatment and MOUD staff in Puerto Rico, this paper documents the lived experiences of patients and providers during this period and the risk perceptions and management strategies to address substance misuse and drug diversion attributable to unsupervised take−home−dose delivery

Methods In−depth qualitative interviews were conducted with patients …

Structure Of Native Four-Repeat Satellite Iii Sequence With Non-Canonical Base Interactions, Erin Chen , '23, M. Trajkovski, Hyun Kyung Lee , '21, Samantha Nyovanie, Kailey N. Martin, W. L. Dean, M. Tahiliani, J. Plavec, Liliya A. Yatsunyk

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Works

Tandem-repetitive DNA (where two or more DNA bases are repeated numerous times) can adopt non-canonical secondary structures. Many of these structures are implicated in important biological processes. Human Satellite III (HSat3) is enriched for tandem repeats of the sequence ATGGA and is located in pericentromeric heterochromatin in many human chromosomes. Here, we investigate the secondary structure of the four-repeat HSat3 sequence 5′-ATGGA ATGGA ATGGA ATGGA-3′ using X-ray crystallography, NMR, and biophysical methods. Circular dichroism spectroscopy, thermal stability, native PAGE, and analytical ultracentrifugation indicate that this sequence folds into a monomolecular hairpin with non-canonical base pairing and B-DNA characteristics at concentrations …

Sga 55 Senate 2024-04-12 Minutes, Niu Student Government Association Senate

Student Government Association Archives

No abstract provided.

Does It Pay To Play? A Dyadic Study Exploring Familial Investment In Organized Youth Sport, Kayla Wolma

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

Parents play an important role in the youth sport experience for their child (Bonavolontá, 2021). Two ways that parental investment is evident in youth sport is through parental support and parental pressure. Parental support has been linked to child-athlete enjoyment and enthusiasm in the youth sport setting (Gagné, 2003), whereas heightened stress and anxiety for the child-athlete have been associated with parental pressure (Gould, 2008; O'Rourke, 2011). Recent literature has explored family investment in youth sport (fiscal) and discovered that greater investment is associated with greater perceived parental pressure on the athlete, while also showing a decline in the athlete's …

The Relationship Between An Individual's Height And The Movement Strategies Implemented To Perform Manual Patient-Handling Tasks, Regina Vicente, Elsa Brillinger, Yea Geon Song

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

Nurses are specifically at risk of low back pain and injury, which has been associated with the performance of daily tasks involving repositioning and handling patients in awkward postures. We recently conducted a proof of concept study to understand multi-joint coordination of the trunk, hips, and knees during the performance of several patient-handling tasks. While interpreting that data, we noted a difference in performance of shorter subjects versus taller subjects. In this study, we present a secondary analysis of that data that explores the relationship of the movement strategies selected during tasks (based on trunk, hip, and knee joint coordination) …

Foster Parent Experiences Of Stress During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Rebekah Yurschak

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

Foster parents face many unique parenting challenges due to their role. Many foster parents feel isolated and may lack close friends who understand their experiences. They face constant change and uncertainty as they navigate the caring of vulnerable children, often with complex needs and in complex situations. The COVID-19 pandemic only exacerbated these feelings of isolation and uncertainty, as well as adding increased stress to the lives of foster parents. The present study explored the experience of stress among foster parents during COVID-19. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 licensed foster parents in one Midwestern state during the summer of …

Fishing For Answers: Studying Hypoxia's Effects On The Zebrafish Olfactory Epithelium, Madelyn Yakes, Skylar Dewitt, Gracie Hill

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

Hypoxia, i.e. low oxygen, is a physiologically damaging condition found in many health conditions such as ischemic stroke, sleep apnea, asthma, etc. Additionally, decreased dissolved oxygen levels in aquatic environments occur as a result of climate change. Zebrafish offer an excellent model to study hypoxia due to extensive neuroplasticity and injury-induced cell proliferation, which allows them to recover lost function in the central nervous system (CNS). We have shown that olfaction (i.e., the ability to smell), decreases in response to hypoxic exposure in adult zebrafish. Thus, it is important to study the structural abnormalities underlying this loss of smell. Olfactory …

Explorehope Summer Camps: Amazing Animal Abilities, Hannah Sturgeon, Alyssa Archer, Ashley Lauraine

23rd Annual A. Paul and Carol C. Schaap Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2024)

Did you know that mice can hear sounds that humans cannot? Or that birds and bees can see colors we can only dream of? ExploreHope is an organization on the Hope College campus that has been hosting summer camps for elementary to high school level students for 27 years. The ExploreHope Amazing Animal Abilities camp for students in grades 6 through 9 will explore the many incredible sensory abilities of animals. This camp will teach participants about a vast variety of sensory systems observed across the animal kingdom including the visual, auditory, and olfactory systems, mechanoreception and kinesthetics, and the …