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179-Nesting Patterns Of Cavity-Nesting Bees And Wasps, Daniel Lemon Apr 2024

179-Nesting Patterns Of Cavity-Nesting Bees And Wasps, Daniel Lemon

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Cavity-nesting bees and wasps will lay eggs in hollow stems and other pre-made cavities and provision their larvae with food to overwinter until their emergence in spring. To observe the nesting patterns of these insects, we placed nesting boxes containing “bee tubes” made of hollow reeds in five locations around the SUNY Geneseo campus and photographed the tubes once a week over the summer as the tubes were gradually sealed off by insects to form larval cells. We took note of the type of material used to fill the tubes and then analyzed the trends in the phenology and site …

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175-Incidence Of Bacterial Symbionts In The Ant-Mimicking Spider, Myrmarachne Formicaria, Brenna Dunn Apr 2024

175-Incidence Of Bacterial Symbionts In The Ant-Mimicking Spider, Myrmarachne Formicaria, Brenna Dunn

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Myrmarachne formicaria(Salticidae), anant-mimicking spider,is originally native to Eurasia; however, it has been sighted in parts of North America since 2001. Many arthropod species, including spiders, carry maternally inherited endosymbiont bacteria, some of which have reproductive effects on their hosts.While endosymbionts have been associated with some arachnids, we are unsure ifM. formicariahosts any of these bacteria. Other studies have shown that some arthropods have experienced a loss of associated endosymbiont bacteria upon colonization of new regions.Previous genetic work in our lab to learn aboutM. formicaria’sintroduction history found less mitochondrial DNA genetic diversity in samples from New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio, suggesting …

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170-To Report Or Not Report: Implications For Victims Of Sexual Assault, Nieve Mahood Apr 2024

170-To Report Or Not Report: Implications For Victims Of Sexual Assault, Nieve Mahood

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Sexual assault is a widespread problem that disproportionately affects women; one in four women will be sexually assaulted in their lifetime (Morgan & Ouderkerk, 2019), with many of these assaults going unreported. There are a variety of reasons for why a rape victim may choose not to report their assault, including shame, disbelief from law enforcement, and self-blame (e.g., Naseralla & Warner, 2019). Further, Black victims are less likely to report their assault, which may occur because Black victims are consistently blamed more for their assaults than White victims (e.g., Dupuis & Clay, 2013). Our current work seeks to examine …

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169-Why Representation Matters: Examining The Role Of Congressional Racial Diversity On Political Engagement, Zoe Navratil Apr 2024

169-Why Representation Matters: Examining The Role Of Congressional Racial Diversity On Political Engagement, Zoe Navratil

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The current United States Congress is historically the most racially diverse, but the voter turnout gap between white and Black voters continues to grow exponentially. This research aims to form connections between Black congressional representation and the political participation of Black voters in elections. I will examine factors such as the importance of descriptive representation, implications of intersectional identities, and the concept of identity politics as related to race. Furthermore, I will offer potential solutions to increase political participation among Black voters such as expanding and codifying voting rights for racial minority groups.

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167-Time For An Addition: Expanding The House Of Representatives, Kieran Kelley Apr 2024

167-Time For An Addition: Expanding The House Of Representatives, Kieran Kelley

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This project examines the potential benefits and drawbacks of increasing the membership of the U.S. House of Representatives. At one point the size of the House grew alongside the country, but since 1913 has been capped at 435 members. Historical arguments for and against a larger House will be analyzed, alongside contemporary arguments and its impact on representation. Potential consequences of expansion, such as increased efficiency, responsiveness to constituents, and potential logistical challenges, will be explored.

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165-Accessibility Is For Everyone, Kaitlin Anzalone Apr 2024

165-Accessibility Is For Everyone, Kaitlin Anzalone

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Everyone can support accessibility including little things that you can change or add to your everyday routine that may make a huge impact for others. This project aims to share accessibility tools for use in the classroom to address different forms of ableism and how to combat them. Faculty adoption of “best practices” for accessibility vary to a wide degree at Geneseo. How can social norms about accessible pedagogical practices become more widespread? We apply ideas from scholarship on the role of social networks to the practical problem of spreading norms aimed at improving classroom accessibility. The structure of a …

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158-Latinx And African Immigrant College Students’ Concepts Of Mental Health And Family, Lia Carswell Apr 2024

158-Latinx And African Immigrant College Students’ Concepts Of Mental Health And Family, Lia Carswell

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Our project will qualitatively examine Latinx and African immigrant college students’ concepts of mental health and familial relationships. This mixed-methods study, grounded in phenomenological methodology, will utilize two main forms of data collection methods: an online survey questionnaire and individual, semi-structured interviews. Specifically, this research project has three main purposes: (1) to better understand the nature of Latinx and African immigrant college students’ concepts of mental health and familial relationships during the period of emerging adulthood; (2) to analyze and better understand the nuances surrounding emerging adults’ discussions of mental health and mental illness; and (3) to examine and contextualize …

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156-Morphological Changes To The Vulvar Squamous Carcinoma Cell Line, A431, Resulting From Clobetasol-Induced Upregulation Of Vimentin, Kia Haering Apr 2024

156-Morphological Changes To The Vulvar Squamous Carcinoma Cell Line, A431, Resulting From Clobetasol-Induced Upregulation Of Vimentin, Kia Haering

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Vimentin is recognized as an important marker in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of several cancer cell types. The overexpression of vimentin appears to coincide with increased tumor growth, migration, and poor prognosis. The vulvar cancer cell line, A431, is of squamous cell origin and displays hallmarks of a squamous cell including expression of cytokeratins 8 and 18 as well as E- and P-cadherin. We have found that treatment of A431 cells with the glucocorticoid, clobetasol, results in upregulation of vimentin which is accompanied by changing to a more mesenchymal-like morphology. Despite this change in morphology, the cells continue to express …

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152-Clobetasol Differentially Affects The Vulvar Cancer Cell Line, Umscv-4, Causing Both Increases In Apoptosis While Maintaining A Subpopulation In Quiescence, Mack Ogden Apr 2024

152-Clobetasol Differentially Affects The Vulvar Cancer Cell Line, Umscv-4, Causing Both Increases In Apoptosis While Maintaining A Subpopulation In Quiescence, Mack Ogden

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Vulvar cancer is a rare but aggressive form of cancer that remains understudied. Our results show that treatment of the vulvar cancer cell line, UMSCV-4, with the glucocorticoid, clobetasol, increases apoptosis. Clobetasol is often used to treat a common inflammatory disease of the vulva known as vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) and up to 65% of vulvar carcinomas arise in the background of VLS. This would indicate clobetasol may also decrease the progression of vulvar cancer, if our observations reflect what is happeningin vivo. However, our studies also show that apoptosis is not universal for the clobetasol treated UMSCV-4 cells. A …

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151-Marijuana Motives And Different Class Standings Among College Students, Madison James Apr 2024

151-Marijuana Motives And Different Class Standings Among College Students, Madison James

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With increased accessibility to cannabis due to recreational legalization, cannabis use frequency has been steadily increasing among college students within the United States (Kerr et al., 2023). There is limited research on why students are motivated to use cannabis at different points in their college experience. Motives are the reasons for using substances, which can vary amongst individuals. To address the research gap, it’s necessary to examine cannabis motives based on class standing. Data for these analyses were drawn from a larger investigation of cannabis use and emotion regulation in college students attending SUNY Geneseo. Participants were students enrolled in …

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149-Emotion Dysregulation Predicts Alcohol And Cannabis Co-Use Among College Students, Trystan Melas Apr 2024

149-Emotion Dysregulation Predicts Alcohol And Cannabis Co-Use Among College Students, Trystan Melas

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Previous research has established that alcohol and cannabis co-use is linked to more negative consequences than the discrete use of either substance. However, there is little research connecting an individual’s emotion regulation abilities—the capacity to adequately respond to one’s emotional experiences—to alcohol and cannabis co-use. This study aims to investigate the relationship between emotion dysregulation and co-users of alcohol and cannabis. Participants composed of SUNY Geneseo students (N = 150) studying psychology who completed an online survey regarding their alcohol and cannabis use behaviors and emotion regulation behaviors. Binary logistic regressions were used to examine the relationship between the 18-item …

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145-Gender And Affiliative/Assertive Language Use By 7- & 17-Year-Olds With Siblings And Friends, Natalie Thurston Apr 2024

145-Gender And Affiliative/Assertive Language Use By 7- & 17-Year-Olds With Siblings And Friends, Natalie Thurston

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Research on gender differences in children’s use of affiliative and assertive language has focused primarily on naturalistic observation of interactions with same-gender peers. Studies (e.g. Leaper & Ayres, 2007) have suggested that boys use more assertive language than girls do, and that girls tend to use more affiliative language. Past studies in our lab have suggested that gender differences observed in peer interactions are not always seen in sibling interactions. As a part of a longitudinal study, 7- and 17-year-olds' use of assertive and affiliative language was examined duringcooperative age-appropriate tasks. At each age, both tasks were done separately with …

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141-Predation On Microbivalves In Graham’S Harbor, San Salvador Island, The Bahamas, Sarah Alfiero Apr 2024

141-Predation On Microbivalves In Graham’S Harbor, San Salvador Island, The Bahamas, Sarah Alfiero

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The Pliocene-Pleistocene extinction was responsible for the loss of ~70% of the carnivorous snails in the Atlantic-Gulf Coast region. A loss of carnivorous snails should be reflected in the occurrence of predation on bivalves. This project aims to analyze evidence of predation in microbivalves sampled from twelve different localities in Graham’s Harbor, one at French Bay, and one at Victoria Hill to determine if there is predation variation between facies as compared to an extinction event. Microbivalves were chosen to be studied because they are easier to collect and reflect the entire population. Each sample location was approximately four meters …

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139-Neurobiological Changes Associated With A Ketogenic Diet In A Mouse Model Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Abigail Grzeskowiak Apr 2024

139-Neurobiological Changes Associated With A Ketogenic Diet In A Mouse Model Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Abigail Grzeskowiak

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Impaired social interaction is one of three key diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Other criteria for ASD include repetitive behavior and impaired communication skills. The prevalence of this developmental condition is increasing within the United States, yet no cure is currently available. The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high fat, low carb diet that can help many neurological issues in humans, such as epilepsy. This study investigates the effects of KD on social and repetitive behavior using an inbred mouse model genetically predisposed to developing stereotypic behaviors, specifically, repetitive circling. We compared locomotor and social behaviors of older …

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138-Feeding Morphology Of Deep-Sea Fishes, Tristin Rose-Morley Apr 2024

138-Feeding Morphology Of Deep-Sea Fishes, Tristin Rose-Morley

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Deep-sea fishes have a variety of skull forms, or morphologies, that correspond to their feedingtype. Suction feeders expand their mouths to suck in prey, while biters have large teeth to capture and tear into prey. Many fishes have a second set of jaws, the pharyngeal jaw, in the back of the throat to help ingest and process their catch. We are investigating suction-feeding and biting morphologies to determine if the depth of the fishes' habitat influences the feeding diversity of deep-sea fishes. To find our results, we measured eight fish skulls from the Synaphobranchidae, Macrouridae, Ipnopidae, Ophidiidae, and Liparidae families …

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136-Supporting School Garden Leaders: The Role Of Grassroots Gardens Of Western Ny, Arianna Whittaker Apr 2024

136-Supporting School Garden Leaders: The Role Of Grassroots Gardens Of Western Ny, Arianna Whittaker

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School gardens are extremely beneficial for students, providing a place for unstructured and active learning, with this hands-on approach to garden programs being shown to enhance interest in science concepts. However, school garden leaders (e.g., teachers, administrators, and school garden coordinators) face a multitude of challenges in both maintaining these gardens and using them for instructional spaces. Grassroots Gardens of Western NY (GGWNY), a non-profit organization working to support community and school gardens, provides a potential solution for these issues. My research examines how GGWNY addresses the support needs of school garden leaders. The research question guiding this project asks: …

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133-Paleomagnetism Of A Dike In Kelso, Ca, Wesley Sharlow Apr 2024

133-Paleomagnetism Of A Dike In Kelso, Ca, Wesley Sharlow

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An igneous intrusion was discovered while completing a geologic mapping project on the Kelso 7.5-minute quadrangle in San Bernardino California. This dike is located at 35 degrees 3’47” N and 115 degrees 40’47” and has an unknown age. The objective of our research entails examining samples extracted from the dike, using a paleomagnetic demagnetization experiment to determine the age of when the dike was emplaced. Samples were collected during a research expedition to Southern California. On site they were orientated and collected. They were then brought back to the lab where they had cores drilled on them. Of the cores …

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132-How Does A Genetic Risk For Alzheimer’S Disease And Alcohol Use Affect Memory In A Mouse Model?, Madison Forcier Apr 2024

132-How Does A Genetic Risk For Alzheimer’S Disease And Alcohol Use Affect Memory In A Mouse Model?, Madison Forcier

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. The prevalence of this disorder is expected to be on the rise, and affects a great number of people. APOE4 is a variant allele found to increase the risk of AD. In addition, the consumption of alcohol exacerbates the onset and magnitude of AD, while also having its negative effects on cognition, potentially by increasing neuroinflammation. We have a knock-in mouse model with the human APOE4 gene that will be used to test the effects of this gene (APOE4) by environment (alcohol) …

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131-Mars Crater Morphology And Testing The Erodibility Of Ejecta, Mary Noragong Apr 2024

131-Mars Crater Morphology And Testing The Erodibility Of Ejecta, Mary Noragong

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Impact craters around the InSight landing site were measured to test the lithology of the target rocks and erodibility of ejecta. The InSight lander detected seismic waves that indicated a weak layer of rock at depths of 30-80 m beneath basaltic lava. It is hypothesized that this layer could be clastic in origin, which if ejected from local craters, would be more easily eroded by modern Mars surface processes relative to basaltic lavas. ArcGIS Pro was used to measure the volume of craters and continuous ejecta blankets at different degradation states to test their erodibility. The fifty craters were classified …

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127-Analyzing Cm-272 Properties Using A Nanospectrometer And A Fluorescence Spectrometer, Kaitlyn Samsel Apr 2024

127-Analyzing Cm-272 Properties Using A Nanospectrometer And A Fluorescence Spectrometer, Kaitlyn Samsel

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CM-272 is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. Previous work in the Militello laboratory indicates that CM-272 has novel antibacterial properties. Unexpectedly, we have determined CM-272 fluoresces blue. The purpose of this project is to discover the absorbance, excitation, emission properties of CM-272 in order to take advantage of CM-272 for fluorescence applications. For all tests, readings were taken at multiple CM-272 concentrations to determine which concentration yields the best results. We found that the concentration yielding best results was with 10% CM-272. On an absorbance spectrum, 2 peaks were found at around 300 and 350 nanometers. Next, a fluorescence spectrometer was …

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125-Bioethanol From Rice Husks As A Second-Generation Biofuel: Glucose Quantification Using Dinitrosalicylic Acid Analysis, Gage Smith Apr 2024

125-Bioethanol From Rice Husks As A Second-Generation Biofuel: Glucose Quantification Using Dinitrosalicylic Acid Analysis, Gage Smith

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The preferred usage of fossil fuels over renewable energy sources has resulted in the extraneous release of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere. Greenhouse gasses pollute the atmosphere and contribute significantly to the problem of global warming. As a result, alternative, renewable energy sources have become a central topic for discussion. Biomass is one of many alternatives. Biomass is a more environmentally friendly, renewable organic matter that can be used as fuel. Biofuels that use foods high in carbohydrates, including rice, bread, potatoes, and other crops, are often referred to as first-generation biofuels. However, the problem with first-generation biofuels is that …

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116-Descriptive Mineralogical Analysis Of An Igneous Dike Found In The Kingston Peak Formation, Mojave Desert, Ca, Cassidy Sander Apr 2024

116-Descriptive Mineralogical Analysis Of An Igneous Dike Found In The Kingston Peak Formation, Mojave Desert, Ca, Cassidy Sander

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Located in California’s Mojave Desert is the Kingston Range where the Precambrian Kingston Peak Formation is found. This formation is mostly sedimentary but it hosts multiple igneous intrusions, including the approximately 5-meter-wide dike that is the focus of this study. Samples were collected off the side of Excelsior Mine road near the Horse Thief Springs Camp, where both the Kingston Peak Formation and igneous dike are exposed. Samples were cleaned and photographed before being prepped for analysis with XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). The dominant mineralogy of the dike was determined using XRD. Accessory minerals were identified …

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112-Shade Speaks Louder Than Words - An Analysis Of And Solution To Tree Canopy Inequity In Rochester, Ny, Kayla Andersen Apr 2024

112-Shade Speaks Louder Than Words - An Analysis Of And Solution To Tree Canopy Inequity In Rochester, Ny, Kayla Andersen

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Disproportionate and inequitable tree canopy cover and access to urban green space is a common issue in many cities of the United States, including Rochester, New York. Due to racially discriminatory practices in Rochester’s past, such as redlining and resource distribution (e.g. tree replacement), many communities in the city experience an urban heat island effect, where surface temperatures in urban neighborhoods reach dangerous temperatures in the absence of vegetational interference. Communities which are the most impacted include those of high poverty levels and races other than white, such as the neighborhood near Clifford and Joseph Avenues in the notorious “Crescent …

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093-Ecological Assessment Of Attention And Emotion, Madison Nuttle Apr 2024

093-Ecological Assessment Of Attention And Emotion, Madison Nuttle

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Attention bias (AB) is a characteristic seen in individuals with anxiety, in which they attend to threatening or negative stimuli more frequently than neutral stimuli (Bar-Haim et al., 2007). To our knowledge, prior research investigating AB in social situations have not conducted experiments in true real-world situations, making results difficult to generalize to the real world. The present study adapted methods from Kirchbaum et al. (1993) Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) model and assessed participant attentiveness to positive and negative stimuli in a stressful situation. The TSST consists of participants completing a brief speaking task in front of a panel. …

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089-Thermodynamic And Structural Studies Of The Interactions Between C-Myc G4 Dna And Minor Groove Binders As An Anticancer Approach, Courtney Fetzer Apr 2024

089-Thermodynamic And Structural Studies Of The Interactions Between C-Myc G4 Dna And Minor Groove Binders As An Anticancer Approach, Courtney Fetzer

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G-quadruplex (G4) DNA are non-canonical higher order structures formed from guanine rich sequences, consisting of stacked G-tetrads stabilized by non-Watson-Crick (Hoogsteen) base pairing. Early interests in G4 were spurred by the revelation that G4 is found in telomeric DNA sequences at the end of our chromosomes. These telomeric sequences were found to inhibit an enzyme overexpressed (>90%) in cancer cells, known as telomerase. Cancer cells require telomerase activity for survival and “immortality”, therefore stabilization of telomeric G4 can inhibit telomerase activity and prevent the survival of cancer cells. More recently, G4 has been shown to be overrepresented in the …

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088-Determinants Of Financial Literacy At Suny Geneseo, Alexis Kruzicki Apr 2024

088-Determinants Of Financial Literacy At Suny Geneseo, Alexis Kruzicki

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Through surveying the SUNY Geneseo student body, we plan to explore what determines the level of financial literacy among students at SUNY Geneseo. The survey contains questions that address students’ demographics, academic background, family support through college, personal finance experience, and a financial literacy quiz. The sample size is 403 respondents, which is 10% of the population at SUNY Geneseo. We have noticed many students struggling on campus with the basics of personal finance and want to address the growing concern of how this could affect their success through college and in the future. We are interested in how the …

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082-7-Year-Olds’ Aggression And Rough-And-Tumble Play With Siblings And Friends, Anna Shepard Apr 2024

082-7-Year-Olds’ Aggression And Rough-And-Tumble Play With Siblings And Friends, Anna Shepard

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Although physical rough-and-tumble play (RTP) has been widely studied in early childhood, there has been little research on RTP in middle childhood. During middle childhood, physical aggression declines, while verbal and relational aggression become increasingly common and significant. It is reasonable to assume that similar changes may occur in various forms of RTP. However, we know very little about the nature or prevalence of verbal or relational RTP in middle childhood, or about how RTP might be related to physical, verbal, and relational aggression in this age group. As part of a longitudinal study of sibling and friend relationships, we …

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080-Investigating Reduction Of The Ostrich Forelimb: Palaeognathae (Aves), Isabel Marzec Apr 2024

080-Investigating Reduction Of The Ostrich Forelimb: Palaeognathae (Aves), Isabel Marzec

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Palaeognathae is a group of flightless birds classified by the absence of the keeled sternum (breastbone) present in flighted birds. As they diverged from their flighted ancestors, palaeognaths developed cursorial traits such as greater body mass and elongated hindlimbs, and concomitant with this was the reduction of the forelimbs, which were no longer needed for flight. Among living paleognaths, most species exhibit extreme forelimb reduction, such as that seen in the ostrich (Struthio camelus). This study investigates the variation betweenS. camelusindividuals to provide clues as to which behaviors and environmental pressures may have contributed most to forelimb morphology. Differences in …

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075-Forest Dynamics Between Co-Occurring Native And Invasive Species, Jessie Seifert Apr 2024

075-Forest Dynamics Between Co-Occurring Native And Invasive Species, Jessie Seifert

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Invasive species can co-occur with native species, with varying effects on the community of native species. Invasive species may outcompete native species or have a facilitative effect. In our study, we focus on tree species of invaded forest communities. We applied a spatially-explicit, statistical model to analyze interspecific neighborhood competition in the Michigan Big Woods. This forest has a high density of invasive tree species and is being invaded by Japanese Barberry. We analyzed the interactions between invasive and native species using data from 2003, 2008, and 2014. We found that there was intraspecific competition among shagbark hickory, pignut hickory, …

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072using Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy To Characterize Targets Used For Nuclear Reaction Cross Section Measurements Performed With Laser-Accelerated Ions, Dylan Christopherson Apr 2024

072using Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy To Characterize Targets Used For Nuclear Reaction Cross Section Measurements Performed With Laser-Accelerated Ions, Dylan Christopherson

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A project is underway to develop a platform for measuring low energy nuclear reaction cross sections using light ion beams accelerated from the rear side of targets illuminated with an ultra-intense laser. These ions, accelerated via the target-normal sheath acceleration (TNSA) mechanism, strike a nuclear production target placed behind the laser-illuminated target. The reaction products are collected, and their activity is measured to determine the nuclear cross section. We report on a set of experiments designed to characterize the nuclear production targets. These targets consist of lithium deposited on a substrate and coated with a thin metal film in a …

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