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Effectiveness Of An Occupational Therapy-Led Social Skills Group Using Parent Training: A Pilot Study, Sheryl Eckberg Zylstra, Yvonne L. Swinth, Aimee Sidhu, Julie Anderson Jul 2024

Effectiveness Of An Occupational Therapy-Led Social Skills Group Using Parent Training: A Pilot Study, Sheryl Eckberg Zylstra, Yvonne L. Swinth, Aimee Sidhu, Julie Anderson

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: Social skills support the development of a positive self-concept and engagement in a variety of life roles, habits, and routines. The Occupational Therapy Practice Framework clearly defines the occupational therapist’s role in working with children with difficulties in social skills; however, little research exists examining the effectiveness of occupational therapy-led group interventions to support social skills development. Incorporating parent training into social skill development can improve overall outcomes and reinforce skill development across contexts.

Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether an occupational therapy-led social skill group, combined with parent training, was effective …


The Use Of Occupational Therapy Interventions In A Hematology-Oncology Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Lucy Weathers, Sarah Schwartzberg, Kenneth Pettit, Fang Wang, Shilpa Gorantla, Saad Ghafoor Jul 2024

The Use Of Occupational Therapy Interventions In A Hematology-Oncology Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Lucy Weathers, Sarah Schwartzberg, Kenneth Pettit, Fang Wang, Shilpa Gorantla, Saad Ghafoor

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the role of occupational therapy (OT), including types of interventions that can be provided in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) setting, and to evaluate the use and safety of OT services in an early mobility program.

Methods: A retrospective review via medical records occurred between January 2019 and June 2020. The frequencies and adverse events of OT interventions were compared preimplementation (January–September 2019) and postimplementation (October 2019–June 2020) of an early mobility program.

Results: A convenience sample of 56 patients comprised the preimplementation group, and 83 comprised the postimplementation …


Finding Harmony In Academic Life: Blending The Teacher-Scholar Model, Shirley P. O'Brien Jul 2024

Finding Harmony In Academic Life: Blending The Teacher-Scholar Model, Shirley P. O'Brien

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Occupational therapy affords many role options. Academic faculty is one example of a role. Faculty are expected to participate in teaching, service, and research/scholarship activities within their roles, as shaped by institutional type. This article highlights the academic journey and considerations for embracing leadership as teacher-scholars in occupational therapy.


Hymns Of Babel: A Song Cycle Fmus Composition Project, Reed Spencer, Steven Day Jul 2024

Hymns Of Babel: A Song Cycle Fmus Composition Project, Reed Spencer, Steven Day

Lux et Fides: A Journal for Undergraduate Christian Scholars

Hymns of Babel Research Brief

Over the course of the eight-week faculty mentorship undergraduate scholarship period, Dr. Reed Spencer and senior Steven Day composed a twelve-song cycle on the theme of Generation Z’s interaction with social media. This piece sought to articulate the thoughts, emotions, responses, and impulses that accompany the virtual world. Many of the songs explored where we find God in our social media age, as well as how we create gods, try to act as a god, and pretend there is no God. The collaborative process began by creating a rough lyrical structure and purpose, followed by …


Accurate Path Tracing And Discrepancy Detection In Control And Data Plane Operations Using A Controller, Jaganbabu Rajamanickam, Darren R Dukes, Madhan Sankaranarayanan Jul 2024

Accurate Path Tracing And Discrepancy Detection In Control And Data Plane Operations Using A Controller, Jaganbabu Rajamanickam, Darren R Dukes, Madhan Sankaranarayanan

Defensive Publications Series

When an SRv6 (Segment Routing (SR) over Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)) node processes a packet, the destination address of the IP packet may be changed. This poses a challenge for end-to-end observability. Techniques described herein provide for validating segment identifier behavior at each node in a path and validating the path without requiring that intermediate nodes be aware of an operation performed. According to the techniques, SRv6 data plane and control plane validation is performed by the central controller.


A Usage-Based Account Of Ongoing Structural Changes In Sanapaná: Grammar Sketch And Case Studies, Jens E. L. Van Gysel Jul 2024

A Usage-Based Account Of Ongoing Structural Changes In Sanapaná: Grammar Sketch And Case Studies, Jens E. L. Van Gysel

Linguistics ETDs

This dissertation presents three case studies on sociolinguistic variation in Sanapaná, an Enlhet-Enenlhet language spoken by around 1000 people in Paraguay. It investigates the impact of the process of language shift towards Paraguayan Guarani and Spanish that Sanapaná is undergoing. Specifically, it attempts to disentangle the effects of speakers’ multilingualism in Spanish and/or Guarani, their frequency of use of Sanapaná, and structural factors internal to Sanapaná on phonetic, morphological, and syntactic variation. It finds that Spanish/Guarani proficiency is correlated with L1-to-L2 convergence in Sanapaná vowel productions and use of different motion framing strategies, while frequency of Sanapaná usage is a …


Formative Research About Shared Decision Making In The Treatment Of Opioid Use Disorder In Pregnant Women, Ruth Jeminiwa, Phd, Fadel Dadabaev, Pharmd, Heeyoung Kim, Pharmd, Caroline Popielaski, Pharmd, Sohyeon Park, Pharmd, Meghan Gannon, Phd Msph, Diane Abatemarco, Phd, Msw, Ronald Myers, Phd, Dsw Jul 2024

Formative Research About Shared Decision Making In The Treatment Of Opioid Use Disorder In Pregnant Women, Ruth Jeminiwa, Phd, Fadel Dadabaev, Pharmd, Heeyoung Kim, Pharmd, Caroline Popielaski, Pharmd, Sohyeon Park, Pharmd, Meghan Gannon, Phd Msph, Diane Abatemarco, Phd, Msw, Ronald Myers, Phd, Dsw

College of Pharmacy Posters

Background

  • Shared Decision Making (SDM) is an evidence-based practice that involves a discussion between a health care professional and patient to reach a mutual agreed upon treatment plan.(1)
  • A recent nationally-representative study indicates that only 39% of physicians use SDM for 50% or fewer Pregnant Women with Opioid Use Disorders (PWOUD).(2)
  • Little is known about factors that affect SDM among PWOUD. This research project aimed to address this knowledge gap.


The Efficacy Of Direct Reading Instruction On Reading Comprehension, Latania Pasley-Moody Jul 2024

The Efficacy Of Direct Reading Instruction On Reading Comprehension, Latania Pasley-Moody

Graduate Research Showcase

Examining the Efficacy of Direct Reading Instruction in Improving Reading Comprehension Skills Among Struggling Secondary Readers

This researcher in this study researched the effectiveness of direct reading instruction in improving comprehension skills among struggling secondary readers. There are many students on a secondary level that is unable to read on grade level. As a result, educators have been tasked with closing large gaps in a short period of time. This study used a mixed method research design, to determine the effectiveness of direct reading instruction for struggling readers and their perceptions regarding the implemented reading intervention. The following questions were …


A Review Of Municipal Asset Management Plans For Stormwater Asset Management Program In Selected Single-Tier Municipalities In Ontario: The Successful Implementation Of O.Reg. 588/17, Michael Ajibaye Jul 2024

A Review Of Municipal Asset Management Plans For Stormwater Asset Management Program In Selected Single-Tier Municipalities In Ontario: The Successful Implementation Of O.Reg. 588/17, Michael Ajibaye

MPA Major Research Papers

The emergence of the asset management plan (AMP) as a mandatory regulatory requirement for municipalities in Ontario has garnered substantial attention to facilitate comprehensive planning of municipal infrastructure assets and long-term financial strategizing. Municipalities' primary goal is to ensure dependable stormwater services to residents and businesses while promoting economic vibrancy, reconciling social and environmental objectives, upholding the stormwater infrastructure to ensure efficient wet weather flow, and proficient flood risk management. The study aims to explore the intricacies of stormwater asset management plan, assess the existing challenges and alignment to Ontario Regulation 588/17 concerning asset management planning for municipal infrastructure, with …


Meeting Of The Executive Committee - Notice And Agenda 07/15/2024, Uc Law Sf Jul 2024

Meeting Of The Executive Committee - Notice And Agenda 07/15/2024, Uc Law Sf

2024 Board of Directors Agenda and Materials

No abstract provided.


Relationship Satisfaction In Consensually Non-Monogamous And Monogamous Relationships: A Self-Determination Theory Approach, Michael B. Moskowitz Jul 2024

Relationship Satisfaction In Consensually Non-Monogamous And Monogamous Relationships: A Self-Determination Theory Approach, Michael B. Moskowitz

ETD Collection

Consensual non-monogamy (CNM) represents a relationship structure that incorporates additional partners into the dynamics of a dyadic primary relationship. CNM commands a nontrivial proportion of the population and is categorized into three forms: polyamory, swinging, and open relationships. Foundational research has uncovered that CNM relationships are rather common, diverse, and relationally healthy, despite the CNM population facing significant societal stigmas. This study was designed to complement research supporting the relational quality of CNM relationships by utilizing a self-determination theory framework. Participants in CNM (n = 124) and monogamous relationships (n = 164) were tested and quantitative analysis revealed that relationship …


Effective Position Intelligent Decision Method Based On Model Fusion And Generative Network, Liqiang Guo, Liang Ma, Hui Zhang, Jing Yang, Lianfeng Li, Yaqi Zhai Jul 2024

Effective Position Intelligent Decision Method Based On Model Fusion And Generative Network, Liqiang Guo, Liang Ma, Hui Zhang, Jing Yang, Lianfeng Li, Yaqi Zhai

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Military intelligence technology is currently the most dynamic frontier and the inevitable trend for the development of unmanned equipment in the future. Aiming at the dual requirements of reliability and real-time performance of unmanned platform autonomous decision-making in complex environments and the shortcomings of existing combat simulation technology based on rule reasoning in terms of dynamics and flexibility, a research method of principle analysis and experimental verification is adopted. Based on the shooting experiment dataset of an unmanned platform, the effective position recognition link of attack decision-making is transformed into a binary classification problem with imbalanced categories in the …


Transitions Of Care Practice Models: Innovations Across Different Health Settings, Laressa Bethishou, Noah Fang Jul 2024

Transitions Of Care Practice Models: Innovations Across Different Health Settings, Laressa Bethishou, Noah Fang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

"Being discharged from a hospital may be a joyous occasion for a patient with a long length of stay, but this process may also be riddled with medication issues. With a deluge of new medications, unclear instructions, and new costs that may be unaffordable, many patients face challenges that are all too common. Additionally, the medication list may be fraught with discrepancies of missing or inaccurate home medications, duplicate therapies of new medications prescribed, or drug-drug interactions of old and new medications.

Pharmacists and pharmacy personnel who support patients during transitions of care (TOC) are very familiar with the consequences …


A Comparison Of Cognitive Impairment In Health Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder And The Moderating Role Of Social Connectedness, Kaitlyn B. Schodt Jul 2024

A Comparison Of Cognitive Impairment In Health Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder And The Moderating Role Of Social Connectedness, Kaitlyn B. Schodt

Psychology ETDs

Mood symptomatology often negatively impacts cognitive functioning; however, little is known about how some disorders, like health anxiety, might be unique contributing factors. Social connectedness has been found to protect against cognitive decline, and thus might mitigate some of the mental health-related negative effects on cognitive functioning. The current study aimed to: 1) examine the associations between PTSD, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and health anxiety symptomatology and cognitive functioning, and between 2) social connectedness and cognitive functioning, as well as the moderating roles of 3) social connectedness and 4) biological sex and race/ethnicity in the association between mental health symptomatology …


Promotional Flyer: Moments With Mary (External Audiences), Ann Zlotnik Jul 2024

Promotional Flyer: Moments With Mary (External Audiences), Ann Zlotnik

Reports and Promotional Materials

International women artists’ intimate portraits of the Virgin Mother, on loan from collector John A. Kohan’s Sacred Art Pilgrim Collection

July 15-Nov. 1, 2024, Marian Library Gallery


Elevating Black Fathers' Experiences In The National Fatherhood Initiative: Strengths And Areas For Improvement Of 24/7 Dad® Curriculum And Case Management Services, Laura A. Voith, Katie N. Russell, Ashley Withrow, Tian Xia, Darrell Coleman Jul 2024

Elevating Black Fathers' Experiences In The National Fatherhood Initiative: Strengths And Areas For Improvement Of 24/7 Dad® Curriculum And Case Management Services, Laura A. Voith, Katie N. Russell, Ashley Withrow, Tian Xia, Darrell Coleman

Faculty Scholarship

The Healthy Marriage and Responsible Fatherhood grant program is one of the most robust mechanisms supporting fatherhood programming in the United States, with the gold standard of care including fatherhood curriculum (e.g., 24/7 Dad®) and case management services. Despite the fact that fatherhood in the United States is not a monolith and Black fathers make up over 40% of those served through Responsible Fatherhood (RF) program, little research explicitly centers the lived experiences of low-income Black fathers. The current study used focus groups with fathers (n = 23) and staff (n = 8) enrolled in a RF grantee program. Thematic …


A Deep Fuzzy Classifier Based On Feature Transform And Reconstruction, Rui Yin, Wei Lu, Jianhua Yang Jul 2024

A Deep Fuzzy Classifier Based On Feature Transform And Reconstruction, Rui Yin, Wei Lu, Jianhua Yang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To obtain a classifier with good classification accuracy and interpretability, a deep fuzzy classifier based on feature transform and reconstruction (FR-DFC) is proposed. In FR-DFC, several fuzzy systems (FT_FS) for feature transform and a multi-prototype fuzzy classification system (MPRFD_FS) are stacked together to realize the classification process of the model, based on the hierarchically stacked thought originated from deep learning. Specifically, the stacked FT_FSs explore the hidden features in the data by transferring data from the original data space to the high-level feature space. MPRFD_FS, on the other hand, implements classification based on multiple prototypes that characterize the distribution …


Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based On Trap Label And Lazy Ant, Wei Zhang, Yuefeng Jiang Jul 2024

Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based On Trap Label And Lazy Ant, Wei Zhang, Yuefeng Jiang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Many existing strategies for improving particle swarm optimization (PSO) fall short in assisting particles trapped in local optima and experiencing premature convergence to recover optimization performance. In response, an adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm based on trap label and lazy ant (TLLA-APSO) is proposed. Firstly, the trap label strategy dynamically adjusts particle velocities, enabling the particle swarm to escape from local optima. Secondly, the lazy ant optimization strategy is employed to diversify particle velocity and enhance population diversity. Finally, the inertia cognition strategy introduces historical position into velocity updates, promoting path diversity and particle exploration while effectively mitigating the …


Simulation Optimization Of Airport Baggage Import System Based On Multi-Objective Wolf Pack Algorithm, Yifei Tao, Xiaopeng Ding, Junbin Luo, Xiao Fu, Jiaxing Wu, Yirong Li Jul 2024

Simulation Optimization Of Airport Baggage Import System Based On Multi-Objective Wolf Pack Algorithm, Yifei Tao, Xiaopeng Ding, Junbin Luo, Xiao Fu, Jiaxing Wu, Yirong Li

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of long waiting time for passenger baggage import and high system energy consumption during the operation of the baggage import system in civil aviation airports, a simulation optimization framework for solving this problem is proposed by comprehensively considering the influence of key control parameters on the operation efficiency of the baggage import system in airports, including the virtual window control mode, the operation speed of the collection belt conveyor, the length of the virtual window and the number of check-in counters opened at the same time. By analyzing the actual operating conditions of the airport …


Task Analysis Methods Based On Deep Reinforcement Learning, Xue Gong, Pengfei Peng, Li Rong, Yalian Zheng, Jun Jiang Jul 2024

Task Analysis Methods Based On Deep Reinforcement Learning, Xue Gong, Pengfei Peng, Li Rong, Yalian Zheng, Jun Jiang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In response to the high coupling of task interaction and many influencing factors in task analysis, a task analysis method based on sequence decoupling and deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is proposed, which can achieve task decomposition and task sequence reconstruction under complex constraints. The method designs an environment for deep reinforcement learning based on task information interaction, while improving the SumTree algorithm based on the difference between the loss functions of the target network and the evaluation network, achieving the priority evaluation among tasks. The activation function operation mechanism is introduced into the deep reinforcement learning network, followed by …


Real-Time Non-Photorealistic Rendering Method For Black And White Comic Style In Games And Animation, Yan Hu, Lizhe Chen, Hanna Xie, Yuyao Ge, Shun Zhou, Xingquan Cai Jul 2024

Real-Time Non-Photorealistic Rendering Method For Black And White Comic Style In Games And Animation, Yan Hu, Lizhe Chen, Hanna Xie, Yuyao Ge, Shun Zhou, Xingquan Cai

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To address the issues of high resource consumption and lengthy workflow in general nonphotorealistic, this paper proposes a real-time non-photorealistic rendering method for black and white comic style in games and animation. A specialized lighting model is designed to highlight the main environmental light and the grayscale grading of diffuse reflection based on the analysis of the lighting model effect. The pre-processing of the scene is achieved by merging the various components of the lighting model. A screen space three-phase edge detection method is proposed to sequentially perform depth edge detection, normal edge detection, and color edge detection on …


A Mixed-Methods Study On The Implementation And Perceptions Of Grading For Equity Practices In A Sixth Grade Science Midwest Middle School, Lisa Meacham Stein Jul 2024

A Mixed-Methods Study On The Implementation And Perceptions Of Grading For Equity Practices In A Sixth Grade Science Midwest Middle School, Lisa Meacham Stein

Dissertations

Equitable grading practices were a focal point in present-day educational discussions and gained increasing attention in recent years due to concerns regarding fairness, inclusivity, and student success. This research study examined the principles and implementation of equitable grading practices within a sixth-grade science classroom. The researcher synthesized existing literature, examined case studies, and considered the perceptions of students, teachers, and the researcher study in order to contribute to the ongoing discussion on creating more equitable grading systems.

Key areas of focus included the history and development of the education system, the purpose and significance of grades, the examination of traditional …


Development And Evaluation Of A Nurse Practitioner-Directed Mindfulness Initiative Among Patients Diagnosed With Generalized Anxiety Disorder In An Outpatient Psychiatric Practice, Keilah B. Ford Jul 2024

Development And Evaluation Of A Nurse Practitioner-Directed Mindfulness Initiative Among Patients Diagnosed With Generalized Anxiety Disorder In An Outpatient Psychiatric Practice, Keilah B. Ford

Dissertations

This quality improvement project presents the impact of mindfulness intervention, such as guided meditation on anxiety levels in adult patients in a psychiatric outpatient practice.


Identifying Delirium In Hospitalized Patients Using Nursing Delirium Screening Scale, Christina S. Arockiam Jul 2024

Identifying Delirium In Hospitalized Patients Using Nursing Delirium Screening Scale, Christina S. Arockiam

Dissertations

Delirium is a sudden brain dysfunction that can affect the mental status of hospitalized adult patients. At the project site, there was no consistent screening tool for delirium, so an evidence-based solution was sought. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to determine if the translation of Heinrich et al.'s research regarding Gaudreau et al.'s Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC) would impact the identification of delirium and subsequent provider notification within 30 minutes among adult patients in an acute care hospital in urban California over eight weeks. Virginia Henderson's need theory and the Iowa Model Revised: Evidence-based practice to …


Impact Of Body Dissatisfaction And Selfies And The Effect Of Self-Compassion: A Mixed Methods Study, Amelia Jing Zhen Cheah Jul 2024

Impact Of Body Dissatisfaction And Selfies And The Effect Of Self-Compassion: A Mixed Methods Study, Amelia Jing Zhen Cheah

Masters Theses

Social media has become one of the most widely consumed platforms worldwide—specifically, the act of taking pictures of oneself otherwise known as selfies. Previous research has demonstrated links to body dissatisfaction and eating disorders about social media usage. There is a lack of research on the selfie-editing process, from taking to selecting and editing the pictures before uploading them. In turn, social media may become a risk factor for young individuals engaging in selfies and experiencing body dissatisfaction. Given how rapidly the use of social media has evolved within society, there is a constant need to address and overcome body …


Bronchoalveolar Lavage Neutrophils And Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 In Sarcoidosis Clinical Phenotypes: Implications For Tissue Remodeling Leading To Pulmonary Fibrosis, Rafael L. Perez, Md, Jeff Ritzenthaler, E. Torres-Gonzalez, Prarthna Chandar, Md, Daniel Kramer, Md, Jesse Roman, Md Jul 2024

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Neutrophils And Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 In Sarcoidosis Clinical Phenotypes: Implications For Tissue Remodeling Leading To Pulmonary Fibrosis, Rafael L. Perez, Md, Jeff Ritzenthaler, E. Torres-Gonzalez, Prarthna Chandar, Md, Daniel Kramer, Md, Jesse Roman, Md

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Posters

Introduction

Pulmonary sarcoidosis may resolve or progress to advanced stages. Increased lung neutrophils obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage are found in advanced pulmonary sarcoidosis. Persistence of a neutrophilic alveolitis has been postulated to result in tissue injury and remodeling that leads to fibrosis and clinical features of advanced disease. Since neutrophils are a source of matrix-degrading proteins like matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), we hypothesized that PMNs promote disease progression through the release of MMPs. This work explores the relationship between lung neutrophils and MMP9 levels and activity and how they are associated with sarcoidosis clinical phenotypes.


Achieving U.S. Preeminence In The Space Domain, Mohammad Durrani Jul 2024

Achieving U.S. Preeminence In The Space Domain, Mohammad Durrani

National Security Affairs and International Relations Theses

As an expansion of the geopolitical theatre, the space domain has become fully integrated into the modern world, providing essential services such as communications, navigation, intelligence, and security for both civil and military purposes. With this integration, the fragility of the space domain becomes visibly apparent. Advancements made by U.S. adversaries, specifically China and Russia, in both satellite and counterspace weapons technologies, present a unique challenge that threatens to undermine U.S. dominance in the space domain. These threats may place the United States under severe constraints if conflict were to arise, potentially compromising critical nodes that are central to its …


Office Files, 1980-1999, University Communications Office Jul 2024

Office Files, 1980-1999, University Communications Office

University Archives Finding Aids

No abstract provided.


Larkins, Sovern John, B. 1928 (Sc 3733), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives Jul 2024

Larkins, Sovern John, B. 1928 (Sc 3733), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Manuscripts Small Collection 3733. Letters, 1947-1948, to Sovern John Larkins, Princeton, Kentucky, written during his U.S. Army service with American occupation forces in post-World War II Japan. A fellow servicemen describes conditions on his return home to Louisville, Kentucky and his wife’s reaction to his news that he dated a Japanese girl; his mother sends a Christmas card; a Princeton pastor expresses his good wishes; and a former classmate from the University of Kentucky sends greetings. Includes a photograph of four unidentified servicemen, and additional data about Larkins supplied by his daughter, 2024.


Simulation System For Carrier-Based Aircraft Ammunition Support Scheduling, Zhe Liu, Jiafeng Chen, Junfei Ma, Songhua Ma Jul 2024

Simulation System For Carrier-Based Aircraft Ammunition Support Scheduling, Zhe Liu, Jiafeng Chen, Junfei Ma, Songhua Ma

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: For inefficient scheduling of carrier-based aircraft ammunition support on the flight deck of aircraft carriers, a Unity3D-based 3D virtual demonstration method for carrier-based aircraft ammunition scheduling is proposed, and a 3D virtual simulation system for carrier-based aircraft ammunition scheduling on the flight deck of aircraft carriers is constructed. A problem model targeted at carrierbased aircraft ammunition transportation and loading scheduling process as well as processing rules for path determination, sequence constraint, and loading position compensation are established based on the defining system. An optimal solution for the scheduling process is realized by using the improved discrete grey wolf optimizer …