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A Novel Cryptographic Technique Using Amino Acid Compositions Enhanced By Artificial Intelligence Models, Omar Fitian Rashid, Mohammed Ahmed Subhi, Humam Al-Shahwani, Mohammed Khaleel Hussein Jun 2026

A Novel Cryptographic Technique Using Amino Acid Compositions Enhanced By Artificial Intelligence Models, Omar Fitian Rashid, Mohammed Ahmed Subhi, Humam Al-Shahwani, Mohammed Khaleel Hussein

Mesopotamian Journal of Computer Science

Encryption plays a vital role in securing sensitive digital data, and traditional cryptographic systems are usually not immune to high-level attackers. The current approaches often base on the use of traditional mathematical models that become more vulnerable to contemporary cyberattacks. The purpose of the current paper is to suggest a new cryptography method that would combine the properties of amino-acid based encoding with artificial intelligence to improve data security. The technique builds amino acid and binary encoding tables, and performs structured mappings along with using a secure key that is produced by permuting a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator. Randomized …


Continuing Medical Education As A Workforce Learning System For Artificial Intelligence In Clinical Practice, Tim Murphy, Rob E. Carpenter Jun 2026

Continuing Medical Education As A Workforce Learning System For Artificial Intelligence In Clinical Practice, Tim Murphy, Rob E. Carpenter

Human Resource Development Faculty Publications and Presentations

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly embedded in clinical decision support, documentation, imaging, predictive analytics, and workflow management. However, the educational systems responsible for preparing practicing physicians to use AI have not fully addressed the interpretive, ethical, and organizational demands of AI-supported care. This qualitative case study examined how continuing medical education (CME) shapes physicians’ readiness to integrate AI into clinical practice. Guided by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and human resource development (HRD), the study analyzed semi-structured interviews with 14 physicians from diverse specialties within a large academic health system. Organizational artifacts, including CME announcements, …


Childcare: What Utahns Need To Know, Brie Sparks, Susan R. Madsen Jun 2026

Childcare: What Utahns Need To Know, Brie Sparks, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

Research shows Utah families struggle to find childcare that is accessible, affordable, and high-quality. Costs are high, yet childcare workers earn far below sustainable wages, creating an imbalance that makes it difficult for providers to stay open and for families to find care. As a result, many parents reduce work hours or leave the workforce, even though most households rely on two incomes. Limited childcare and preschool access also means many children miss critical learning opportunities for kindergarten readiness. Childcare is a critical issue Utahns must address to support family stability, strengthen the workforce, and promote positive outcomes for children …


The Roots Of Sexual Violence In Utah: A Framework For Understanding Harm, Susan R. Madsen Jun 2026

The Roots Of Sexual Violence In Utah: A Framework For Understanding Harm, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

Sexual violence in Utah is not an anomaly, a private tragedy, or the result of individual deviance. It is a patterned, predictable outcome of cultural norms, social systems, and power structures that shape how people understand gender, authority, and worth. Despite Utah’s reputation for strong families, close‑knit communities, and deep religious commitment, the state continues to report higher‑than‑national‑average rates of rape, child sexual abuse, and other forms of gender‑based harm. These realities demand a deeper understanding of why violence persists—and what can be done to prevent it.

This white paper synthesizes decades of national and international research, Utah‑specific data, and …


Structure–Optical Property Relationships In Amm′Q3 Chalcogenides, Ayat Tassanov, Huiju Lee, Daniel W. Spainhour, Yi Xia, James M. Hodges Jun 2026

Structure–Optical Property Relationships In Amm′Q3 Chalcogenides, Ayat Tassanov, Huiju Lee, Daniel W. Spainhour, Yi Xia, James M. Hodges

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Ten ACuHfQ3 (A = Na, K, Rb, Cs; Q = S, Se, Te) chalcogenides were prepared via high-temperature solid-state methods and structurally characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The type-I AMM′Q3 structures are defined by the arrangement of HfQ6 octahedra (O) and CuQ4 tetrahedra (T) in their layers, which adopt either OTOT (Cmcm, Pnma) or OOTT (Pnma, P21/m) connectivity. UV–vis absorption and photoluminescence spectra indicate optical band gaps ranging from 1.2 to 1.7 eV and reveal that OTOT and OOTT variants have direct and indirect band gaps, …


Knowledge, Attitudes And Dispensing Practices Regarding Antimicrobial Resistance And Stewardship: A Comparative National Assessment Among Primary Healthcare Pharmacists In Oman, Mohammed Al Ghafari, Meher Rizvi, Hana Al Ghusaini, Zaima Al Rawahi, Wafa Al Balushi, Manal Al Ghafri, Hamed Al-Qanubi, Zuhair Al Salti, Idris Al Jumaa, Muhammed Rafiq Jun 2026

Knowledge, Attitudes And Dispensing Practices Regarding Antimicrobial Resistance And Stewardship: A Comparative National Assessment Among Primary Healthcare Pharmacists In Oman, Mohammed Al Ghafari, Meher Rizvi, Hana Al Ghusaini, Zaima Al Rawahi, Wafa Al Balushi, Manal Al Ghafri, Hamed Al-Qanubi, Zuhair Al Salti, Idris Al Jumaa, Muhammed Rafiq

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is driven by inappropriate antibiotic use. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and dispensing practices (KAP) regarding AMR and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) among primary healthcare (PHC) pharmacists and assistant pharmacists in Oman. Furthermore, the study sought to compare these parameters across facilities with historically high versus standard antibiotic consumption to identify structural determinants of AMS.

Methods: This national cross-sectional study was conducted among PHC pharmacy staff in February 2025. KAP were assessed via a structured electronic questionnaire. Data were analysed using generalized estimating equation models to identify KAP predictors while accounting for facility-level …


Navigating Multiple Roles: Communication Strategies Of Indonesian Postgraduate Women In A Patriarchal Collectivist Culture, Shela Kusumaningtyas, Wawan Hadinata, Nur Iman, Yunati Alinda, Adinda Aulia Nurhaliza, Leoni Nindyasari Jun 2026

Navigating Multiple Roles: Communication Strategies Of Indonesian Postgraduate Women In A Patriarchal Collectivist Culture, Shela Kusumaningtyas, Wawan Hadinata, Nur Iman, Yunati Alinda, Adinda Aulia Nurhaliza, Leoni Nindyasari

JURNAL KOMUNIKASI INDONESIA

This study examines how Indonesian postgraduate women negotiate simultaneous roles as wives, mothers, workers, and students within a patriarchal collectivist culture. Using a qualitative case study with a constructivist orientation, the research focuses on six postgraduate students at the University of Indonesia who were selected through purposive criteria because they simultaneously managed family, work, and academic responsibilities. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, limited contextual observation, and supporting documents, and were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding procedures. The findings show that role conflict is experienced not merely as a matter of time management, but as a layered burden …


Self-Compassion And Meaningful Work: Examining The Role Of Personal Resources In Veterinary Medicine Student Burnout Through A Jd-R Framework, Swathi Prabhu Jun 2026

Self-Compassion And Meaningful Work: Examining The Role Of Personal Resources In Veterinary Medicine Student Burnout Through A Jd-R Framework, Swathi Prabhu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Rates of burnout are known to be markedly high among veterinary professionals but less is known about burnout among U.S. veterinary students. The Job Demands-Resource (JD-R) Theory provides a framework through which veterinary students’ experiences can be investigated in a way that centers supportive organizational and personal resources, instead of focusing on the detrimental aspects of training that have dominated the literature. Using a sample of 469 students enrolled in U.S. colleges of veterinary medicine, the current study examined if two personal resources (self-compassion and work as meaning) mediated the relationship between two sources of support (student peer support and …


The Empathetic-Perverse: A Contemporary Exploration Of The Grotesque In Southern Gothic Literature, Halle Elizabeth Griggs Jun 2026

The Empathetic-Perverse: A Contemporary Exploration Of The Grotesque In Southern Gothic Literature, Halle Elizabeth Griggs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Contemporary scholars and critics alike can agree that much of our understanding of Southern Gothic literature and its relation to the grotesque comes from Flannery O’Connor. O’Connor often portrays a transformation within that of grotesque characters (characters with moral flaws and/or physical disabilities). These transformations, depicted through use of pain, violence, and outlandish behavior, help to bring these grotesque characters closer to God, experiencing a sort of divine grace or redemption. Yet, often these grotesque characters are depicted in a way void of compassion. Despite describing fiction from the middle of the last century, most critics still rely on the …


Adhd And Third-Level Education In Ireland: Student Experiences And Suggested Improvements., James O'Rourke, Ciara Douglas, Marcin Szczerbinski Jun 2026

Adhd And Third-Level Education In Ireland: Student Experiences And Suggested Improvements., James O'Rourke, Ciara Douglas, Marcin Szczerbinski

Irish Journal of Academic Practice

The number of third-level Irish students diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasing. Yet there is limited research documenting the lived experience of ADHD students in Ireland. This article aims to document the student voice of Irish third-level students diagnosed with ADHD and to explore their ADHD-related difficulties, as well as their suggestions for more supportive and inclusive university practices. The research used a two-stage qualitative design involving seven individual semi-structured online interviews, followed by one member checking via group online interview. There were seven participants, aged 19–28, from six different higher education institutions in Ireland, including two …


Beyond Autonomy: An Actor-Network Theory Study Of A Solo Exhibition In Indonesia, Rendy Pandita Bastari, Patra Aditia, Ganesha Puspa Nabila Jun 2026

Beyond Autonomy: An Actor-Network Theory Study Of A Solo Exhibition In Indonesia, Rendy Pandita Bastari, Patra Aditia, Ganesha Puspa Nabila

Bahasa dan Seni: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Pengajarannya

In many exhibition artists are often perceived as singular and autonomous actors. Departing from the critique of this tendency, this study examines the solo exhibition Toyscapes, After Us by Indonesian artist Hilman Hendarsyah (November 2025) as a case study through the lens of Actor-Network Theory (ANT), in order to understand art exhibition as relational and socio-material practices. This study traces how exhibitions are produced through interaction between human and non-human actors within heterogeneous network. The analysis was conducted by following the actors and mapping processes of problematization, translation, and network stabilization. The findings elucidates that solo exhibition cannot be understood …


Transport And Interfacial Dynamics Of Electrochemical Formation Processes In Li-Based Batteries, Penghao Zhang Jun 2026

Transport And Interfacial Dynamics Of Electrochemical Formation Processes In Li-Based Batteries, Penghao Zhang

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Next-generation high-capacity batteries often rely on electrochemical formation processes rather than conventional intercalation alone. Such processes include lithium metal deposition and Li–O2 discharge-product formation, in which new phases form at the electrochemical interface during operation. As a result, the measured response reflects both electrochemical driving forces and the evolving product morphology. This coupling makes it difficult to interpret electrochemical data, microscopic observations, or model results in isolation. This dissertation examines this problem through three main studies and one preliminary extension on Li–O2 batteries and lithium metal deposition, each addressing a different factor that affects how electrochemical product formation is measured, …


Photoluminescent Studies Of Metal-Organic Frameworks For Small Molecule Sensing, Julia T. Dematteo Jun 2026

Photoluminescent Studies Of Metal-Organic Frameworks For Small Molecule Sensing, Julia T. Dematteo

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly tunable nanoporous materials with broad applications in gas separation, drug delivery, light harvesting, and chemical sensing. The incorporation of photoactive components into MOFs enables the development of optical sensors capable of detecting a wide range of analytes. Porphyrins and metalloporphyrins are particularly attractive for such applications due to their high molar absorptivity, strong emission quantum yields, and versatile interactions with chemical species.

In this work, two porphyrinic MOFs, PCN-222 and MOF1(Cd), are investigated. Both frameworks utilize tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) as the organic linker, imparting optical functionality to the materials. Integration of TCPP into the framework induces …


Development And Initial Validation Of The Identifying Behavioral And Emotional Growth Indicators And Needs—Parent Rating (I-Begin-P), Samin Khallaghi Jun 2026

Development And Initial Validation Of The Identifying Behavioral And Emotional Growth Indicators And Needs—Parent Rating (I-Begin-P), Samin Khallaghi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Multi-informant approaches provide a more comprehensive understanding of behavior patterns and are considered the gold standard for behavioral assessment. However, few screening tools for young children in school settings incorporate parental perspectives, and those that do remain under-researched with respect to their validity and reliability. To address these gaps, the Identifying Behavioral and Emotional Growth Indicators and Needs-Parent Form (I-BEGIN-P) was developed as an extension of the I-BEGIN-T (Teacher) scale for children aged 3 to 5 years. The purpose of this study was to develop and initially validate I-BEGIN-P. First, the content validity of I-BEGIN-P was assessed using expert panel …


Risk-Aware Deep Reinforcement Learning In Portfolio Optimization, Shimin Zhang Jun 2026

Risk-Aware Deep Reinforcement Learning In Portfolio Optimization, Shimin Zhang

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Portfolio optimization is important in investment, with the purpose of maximizing profit whilemanaging risk. The traditional portfolio optimization method, Modern Portfolio Theory, is based on the assumption that returns are normally distributed, which is always violated in practical financial market settings. In addition, traditional approaches to portfolio optimization are mostly designed as static optimizations and fail to account for the nonlinearity and non-stationarity of contemporary financial markets. Recent developments in deep reinforcement learning have attracted considerable attention for treating portfolio optimization as a sequential decision-making process. Traditional portfolio optimization methods usually evaluate risk based on the variance of the returns. …


Reading Echoes Of Homer In Plato: Finding Philosophical Insights By Reading Plato's Dialogues As Poiēsis, Stephen R. Lasse Jun 2026

Reading Echoes Of Homer In Plato: Finding Philosophical Insights By Reading Plato's Dialogues As Poiēsis, Stephen R. Lasse

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Reading Echoes of Homer in Plato: Assessing the legitimacy of the macro-level thesis that approaching Plato from the poetic tradition starting with Homer generates philosophical insights not available when reading his dialogues as the first installments in the Western tradition of philosophy. It begins by identifying equivocal nuances in the dramatic content of Plato’s dialogues that are left unexplored by the current standard approach that attributes a progressive developmentalist approach to Plato’s authorial intent before suggesting an alternative unitarian approach to Plato as an author who maintains an unchanged point of view throughout his corpus of work. It then identifies …


Experiences Of Black Francophone Students Entering The United States For Higher Education, Anu Nifemi Ferguson Jun 2026

Experiences Of Black Francophone Students Entering The United States For Higher Education, Anu Nifemi Ferguson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.


Staff Education Project To Improve Nursing Knowledge And Patient Safety, Njideka Maureen Okeke Jun 2026

Staff Education Project To Improve Nursing Knowledge And Patient Safety, Njideka Maureen Okeke

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.


Exploring Gene Regulatory Neural Network Biocomputing Of Bacteria, Adrian Merle Ratwatte Jun 2026

Exploring Gene Regulatory Neural Network Biocomputing Of Bacteria, Adrian Merle Ratwatte

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has evolved from brain-inspired algorithms into a discipline that increasingly integrates with biological systems. While silicon-based platforms have advanced machine learning, they remain limited in energy efficiency and operation in environments beyond silicon. This motivates biological computing as an alternative, enabling efficient, resource-aware, and reconfigurable computing within living systems. This dissertation addresses these limitations by introducing a bacterial computing framework that models Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) as Gene Regulatory Neural Networks (GRNNs). The GRNN mirrors the structure and function of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) through gene-gene interactions across trans-omic layers, enabling natural, self-regulating information processing within living …


1891 State Normal College General Program, State Normal College Jun 2026

1891 State Normal College General Program, State Normal College

Documents

General Program for Commencement Week Activities for State Normal College, 1891.


Thirty-Second Commencement State Normal College, 1905, State Normal College Jun 2026

Thirty-Second Commencement State Normal College, 1905, State Normal College

Documents

1905 State Normal College Exercise of Commencement Week Programs


Florence Wesleyan University Exhibition Of Junor Class, Florence Wesleyan University-Printed At The American Democrat Office Jun 2026

Florence Wesleyan University Exhibition Of Junor Class, Florence Wesleyan University-Printed At The American Democrat Office

Documents

Exhibition of Junior Class Program at Florence Wesleyan University.


Interview With Geoffrey 'Geoff' Alger, Geoffrey 'Geoff' Alger, Logan Dovalina Jun 2026

Interview With Geoffrey 'Geoff' Alger, Geoffrey 'Geoff' Alger, Logan Dovalina

Rio Grande Valley Oral Histories

Geoff Alger (b. 1961, Glen Cove, New York) was interviewed on June 23–24, 2026, at his home in McAllen, Texas, by Logan Dovalina. The interview covers Alger’s life and career as a museum professional deeply rooted in Rio Grande Valley history.

Alger recounts his family’s 1971 move from Long Island to McAllen, his parents’ museum careers (McAllen International Museum, Museum of South Texas History, Confederate Air Force), and his own path from a teenage volunteer to decade-long employment at the Confederate Air Force museum. He discusses later roles as curator and exhibits specialist at museums in Oregon and the Valley …


Editorial "The 19th Bulletin Of Monetary Economics And Banking (Bmeb) International Conference And Call For Papers 2025 — Geopolitics, Climate Risk, And Digitalization: The Future Of Central Banking", Perry Warjiyo Jun 2026

Editorial "The 19th Bulletin Of Monetary Economics And Banking (Bmeb) International Conference And Call For Papers 2025 — Geopolitics, Climate Risk, And Digitalization: The Future Of Central Banking", Perry Warjiyo

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

EDITORIAL "The 19th Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking (BMEB) International Conference and Call for Papers 2025 — Geopolitics, Climate Risk, and Digitalization: The Future of Central Banking"


Editorial "Geopolitics, Climate Risks, And Digitalisation: The Future Of Central Banking — Special Issue Of The 19th Bmeb International Conference", Solikin M. Juhro, Paresh Kumar Narayan Jun 2026

Editorial "Geopolitics, Climate Risks, And Digitalisation: The Future Of Central Banking — Special Issue Of The 19th Bmeb International Conference", Solikin M. Juhro, Paresh Kumar Narayan

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

EDITORIAL "Geopolitics, Climate Risks, and Digitalisation: The Future of Central Banking — Special Issue of the 19th BMEB International Conference"


Does Green Electricity Mitigate Carbon Emission Externalities? Industry-Specific Effects On Firm Profitability, Operational Efficiency, Valuation, And Market Risk In Taiwan Listed Companies, Mutiara Eka Puspita, Wei Hwa Pan, Bon Long Hsia, Huynh Phu Tan Jun 2026

Does Green Electricity Mitigate Carbon Emission Externalities? Industry-Specific Effects On Firm Profitability, Operational Efficiency, Valuation, And Market Risk In Taiwan Listed Companies, Mutiara Eka Puspita, Wei Hwa Pan, Bon Long Hsia, Huynh Phu Tan

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

his study explores the relationship between carbon emissions and firm financial performance across industries and how green electricity adoption moderates this effect. Using 9,925 firm-year observations from the Taiwan Economic Journal, we estimate panel regressions and compare Fixed Effects robust and Driscoll-Kraay (1998) standard errors to ensure robustness. Two-way and three-way interaction models reveal a green electricity paradox: biotech firms benefit, while financial and high-tech sectors decline. These findings highlight the need for sector-specific ESG investment models and tailored policy support to ensure an equitable green transition. The study contributes by integrating environmental-financial dynamics with industry heterogeneity in emerging markets


Passed Through Or Pushed Back? Exchange Rate Effects On Manufacturing Trade Prices In Indonesia And The Asean Plus Three, Fatikha Rizky Kurnia, Miguel Angel Esquivias, Wee-Yeap Lau, Unggul Heriqbaldi Jun 2026

Passed Through Or Pushed Back? Exchange Rate Effects On Manufacturing Trade Prices In Indonesia And The Asean Plus Three, Fatikha Rizky Kurnia, Miguel Angel Esquivias, Wee-Yeap Lau, Unggul Heriqbaldi

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

This study analyzes the Exchange Rate Pass-Through (ERPT) on export and import prices in Indonesia’s manufacturing trade with ASEAN Plus-three countries (China, Japan, and South Korea) using monthly data from 2016 to 2022. Employing the Nonlinear (NARDL) models, we examine the degree and asymmetry of ERPT across five key manufacturing sectors for each partner. The NARDL model confirms asymmetric price responses to currency appreciation and depreciation in several sectors. The findings reveal significant sectoral and country-specific variations. Some export sectors experience complete pass-through in the short term but shift to negative complete passthrough in the long run. Meanwhile, imports from …


Financial Stability Versus Bank Lending Channel Transmission: The Impact Of Bank Competition And Concentration In Indonesia, Alif Ihsan A Fahta, Chaikal Nuryakin Jun 2026

Financial Stability Versus Bank Lending Channel Transmission: The Impact Of Bank Competition And Concentration In Indonesia, Alif Ihsan A Fahta, Chaikal Nuryakin

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

Using financial data from 47 publicly listed banks in Indonesia from 2013Q4 to 2023Q3, this study employs a new approach by utilizing ΔCoVaR as a proxy for financial stability to examine how changes in bank competition in bank competition and banking industry concentration affects financial stability and the effectiveness of bank lending channel transmission. We find that, on one hand, an increase in market power (decreased bank competition) and an increase in banking industry concentration reduce financial stability. On the other hand, an increase in banking industry concentration enhances the effectiveness of the bank lending channel transmission by increasing the …


Hierarchical Bayesian Evidence On Cbdc Adoption: The Case Of Indonesia’S Digital Rupiah, Akbar Syahid Rabbani, Jongsu Lee Jun 2026

Hierarchical Bayesian Evidence On Cbdc Adoption: The Case Of Indonesia’S Digital Rupiah, Akbar Syahid Rabbani, Jongsu Lee

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

This study analyzed accessibility, privacy, transferability, and interest rates related to the adoption of Digital Rupiah, Indonesia’s Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), among rural and urban consumers. Findings from a hierarchical Bayesian model show that mobile applications are the main acquisition channel, and enhanced transferability with bank accounts and electronic money boosts consumer utility. However, there are concerns about fully anonymous transactions, differentiated by socio-demographic profiles (age, income, education, and knowledge). Scenario analysis suggests the potential CBDC adoption rate in Indonesia could range from 38% to 55%, influenced by privacy levels and the central bank’s interest rates.


Bank Stability Under Global Risk Uncertainty: The Interplay Of Internal Characteristics And External Regulatory Environment, Erfan Rachmadi, Bowo Setiyono, Bimo Saktiawan, Muizzuddin Muizzuddin Jun 2026

Bank Stability Under Global Risk Uncertainty: The Interplay Of Internal Characteristics And External Regulatory Environment, Erfan Rachmadi, Bowo Setiyono, Bimo Saktiawan, Muizzuddin Muizzuddin

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

This study examines the impact of global political and climate uncertainty on bank stability, utilizing panel data from 604 banks across 40 countries during the period 2011–2022. Through fixed effects and difference GMM methodologies, the analysis reveals that both geopolitical and climate risks adversely affect bank stability. Notably, tightening governance creates a ‘regulatory compliance paradox’ which leads to lower climate readiness and bank stability. We also identified that capital buffers matter in enhancing bank readiness to face geopolitical and climate uncertainty. However, efficiency plays a dual role. In times of geopolitical risk, it is necessary, but we also can’t achieve …