Digital Commons Network^™

Ocapo: Fine-Grained Occupancy-Aware, Empirically-Driven Pdc Control In Open-Plan, Shared Workspaces, Ravi Anuradha, Dulaj Sanjaya Weerakoon, Archan Misra

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Passive Displacement Cooling (PDC) is a relatively recent technology gaining attention as a means of significantly reducing building energy consumption overheads, especially in tropical climates. PDC eliminates the use of mechanical fans, instead using chilled-water heat exchangers to perform convective cooling. In this paper, we identify and characterize the impact of several key parameters affecting occupant comfort in a 1000m2 open-floor area (consisting of multiple zones) of a ZEB (Zero Energy Building) deployed with PDC units and tackle the problem of setting the temperature setpoint of the PDC units to assure occupant thermal comfort and yet conserve energy. We tackle …

Retrofitting A Legacy Cutlery Washing Machine Using Computer Vision, Hua Leong Fwa

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Industry 4.0, the digitalization of manufacturing promises to lead to lowered cost, efficient processes and even discovery of new business models. However, many of the enterprises have huge investments in legacy machines which are not 'smart'. In this study, we thus designed a cost-efficient solution to retrofit a legacy conveyor belt-based cutlery washing machine with a commodity web camera. We then applied computer vision (using both traditional image processing and deep learning techniques) to infer the speed and utilization of the machine. We detailed the algorithms that we designed for computing both speed andutilization. With the existing operational constraints of …

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Evaluation Of The Proposed Strategy For The Iraqi Media Network For The Period (2024-2028), Field Research, Aous Mahmood Ibrahim, Yousif Aftan Abdullah, Muhammad Umar

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

The current research aims to study a crucial phase of strategic management, which is strategic evaluation, to assess the proposed strategy through data analysis, ensuring its implementation with minimal deviation from the planned course. The research focuses on studying and evaluating the proposed strategy for the Iraqi media network for the years 2024-2028, examining its effectiveness and alignment with the state's directions. This involves understanding the realism of strategic visions, plans, and programs and building a suitable conceptualization. The research takes into consideration the environmental conditions and relies on scientific principles and steps to formulate a comprehensive and realistic strategy. …

Foss: Towards Fine-Grained Unknown Class Detection Against The Open-Set Attack Spectrum With Variable Legitimate Traffic, Ziming Zhao, Zhaoxuan Li, Xiaofei Xie, Jiongchi Yu, Fan Zhang, Rui Zhang, Binbin Chen, Xiangyang Luo, Ming Hu, Wenrui Ma

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Anomaly-based network intrusion detection systems (NIDSs) are essential for ensuring cybersecurity. However, the security communities realize some limitations when they put most existing proposals into practice. The challenges are mainly concerned with (i) fine-grained unknown attack detection and (ii) ever-changing legitimate traffic adaptation. To tackle these problem, we present three key design norms. The core idea is to construct a model to split the data distribution hyperplane and leverage the concept of isolation, as well as advance the incremental model update. We utilize the isolation tree as the backbone to design our model, named FOSS, to echo back three norms. …

Themis: Automatic And Efficient Deep Learning System Testing With Strong Fault Detection Capability, Dong Huang, Tsz On Li, Xiaofei Xie, Heming Cui

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Deep Learning Systems (DLSs) have been widely applied in safety-critical tasks such as autopilot. However, when a perturbed input is fed into a DLS for inference, the DLS often has incorrect outputs (i.e., faults). DLS testing techniques (e.g., DeepXplore) detect such faults by generating perturbed inputs to explore data flows that induce faults. Since a DLS often has infinitely many data flows, existing techniques require developers to manually specify a set of activation values in a DLS’s neurons for exploring fault-inducing data flows. Unfortunately, recent studies show that such manual effort is tedious and can detect only a tiny proportion …

Exploring Conversations Between A Practitioner And A Person With Dementia, Kotaro Hara, Rosiana Natalie, Wei Soon Cheong, Jingjing Gu, Qianli Xu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In social service centers, practitioners engage in conversations with clients with dementia to facilitate their daily activities and provide support when they are distressed. However, the nature of the care demands the practitioner’s active engagement, which becomes difficult to deliver as the number of people who need care expands. Researchers have been investigating the efficacy of developing agents that assume conversational tasks to alleviate this work. To contribute to the future design of agents for caregiving, we collected and analyzed ten conversations between clients with mild dementia and practitioners who provide care. Our analyses of turn-taking dynamics and dialogue acts …

Efficient Cascaded Multiscale Adaptive Network For Image Restoration, Yichen Zhou, Pan Zhou, Teck Khim Ng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Image restoration, encompassing tasks such as deblurring, denoising, and super-resolution, remains a pivotal area in computer vision. However, efficiently addressing the spatially varying artifacts of various low-quality images with local adaptiveness and handling their degradations at different scales poses significant challenges. To efficiently tackle these issues, we propose the novel Efficient Cascaded Multiscale Adaptive (ECMA) Network. ECMA employs Local Adaptive Module, LAM, which dynamically adjusts convolution kernels across local image regions to efficiently handle varying artifacts. Thus, LAM addresses the local adaptiveness challenge more efficiently than costlier mechanisms like self-attention, due to its less computationally intensive convolutions. To construct a …

Graph Continual Learning With Debiased Lossless Memory Replay, Chaoxi Niu, Guansong Pang, Ling Chen

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Real-life graph data often expands continually, rendering the learning of graph neural networks (GNNs) on static graph data impractical. Graph continual learning (GCL) tackles this problem by continually adapting GNNs to the expanded graph of the current task while maintaining the performance over the graph of previous tasks. Memory replay-based methods, which aim to replay data of previous tasks when learning new tasks, have been explored as one principled approach to mitigate the forgetting of the knowledge learned from the previous tasks. In this paper we extend this methodology with a novel framework, called Debiased Lossless Memory replay (DeLoMe). Unlike …

Time Scales And Mechanisms Of Uranium Uptake In Altered Ocean Crust; Observations From The ∼15 Million Year-Old Site 1256 In The Eastern Equatorial Pacific, Morten B. Andersen, Joel B. Rodney, Heye Freymuth, Flurin Vils, Michelle Harris, Kari Cooper, Damon A.H. Teagle, Tim Elliott

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The alteration of ocean crust through hydrothermal seawater circulation facilitates chemical exchange between Earth's surface and interior. Hydrothermal alteration leads to uranium (U) removal from seawater and net U uptake by the ocean crust, particularly during low temperature alteration that occurs on the vast ocean ridge flanks away from the spreading axes. Determining the timescales of U uptake and its associated ²³⁸U/²³⁵U signature has important implications for understanding U exchange processes during subduction and recycling into the mantle. Here we study the U systematics of ∼15 million year-old ocean crust drilled at Site 1256 on the eastern …

Mixed Methods Study Protocol: Language Identity, Discrimination, And Mental Health Among Multilingual 1.5 Generation Asian/Asian American Immigrant Young Adults, Chulwoo Park, Mark Edberg, Janet Yougi Bang, Avizia Yim Long

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Language identity, an understudied factor, can influence isolation and discrimination, leading to disparities in well-being and mental health among immigrants. This study aims to investigate the role of language identity on structural racism and discrimination among 1.5 generation Asian/Asian American immigrants in a diverse U.S. state. We developed a three-step sequential approach: Stage 1—qualitative analysis (1A, focus group discussion; 1B, in-depth interviews); Stage 2—quantitative analysis (2A, language identity measurement scale; 2B, cross-sectional online survey; 2C, multivariate multiple linear regression); Stage 3—another round of qualitative analysis (3A, follow-up in-depth chronological interviews). Therefore, this study will contribute to the field by introducing …

The Relationship Of Acculturation With The Health Numeracy And Associated Health Behaviors Of Filipino-Americans, Ashwini Wagle, J. Cuaresma, Giselle A.P. Pignotti

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Describe relationships between acculturation level and the following variables - dietary acculturation and intake, health numeracy, physical activity, and anthropometric measurements - among Filipino-American men and women.

Towards An Extended Resource Theory Of Marital Power: Parental Education And Household Decision-Making In Rural China, Cheng Cheng, Yu Xie

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Existing literature on the resource theory of marital power has focused on the relative resources of spouses and overlooked the resource contributions of spouses’ extended families. We propose an extended resource theory that considers how the comparative resources of a couple’s natal families are directly associated with marital power, net of the comparative resources of the couple. Using data from the China Panel Family Studies, we examine how the relative education of a couple’s respective parents affects the wife’s decision-making power, net of the relative education of the couple. Results suggest that the higher the wife’s parental education relative to …

Does Relationship Conflict Reduce Novel Idea Communication Through Perceived Leader Openness? Power Distance Orientation As A Moderator, Ming-Hong Tsai

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate why followers have low perceptions of leader openness and thus feel reluctant to communicate novel ideas by examining leader–follower relationship conflict (i.e. interpersonal incompatibility) and a follower’s power distance orientation (i.e. an acceptance of uneven power distribution in organizations) as antecedents. Design/methodology/approach: The research administrators conducted a three-wave work behavior survey in Study 1, a laboratory experiment in Study 2, and an online experiment in Study 3. Findings: The results demonstrated that leader–follower relationship conflict reduced followers’ perceptions of leader openness. However, the negative impact of relationship conflict became non-significant when followers have high …

What Is Beyond Measurement For Social Cohesion?, Qian Hui Tricia Tok, Orlando Woods, Lily Kong

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

“What gets measured gets managed” has long been a mantra to rally improvement throughout various domains of life. Perhaps this is also the case for existing work on social cohesion, whereby much of its conceptual and operational elements have received interest in both academic and policy research aiming for practical improvement with regard to the cohesiveness of communities and societies. We contend, however, that not everything that matters for social cohesion may be measurable, and not everything that has been measured for social cohesion may matter. This is not to suggest that not measuring any indicators is better than measuring …

Enhancing Recipe Retrieval With Foundation Models: A Data Augmentation Perspective, Fangzhou Song, Bin Zhu, Yanbin Hao, Shuo Wang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Learning recipe and food image representation in common embedding space is non-trivial but crucial for cross-modal recipe retrieval. In this paper, we propose a new perspective for this problem by utilizing foundation models for data augmentation. Leveraging on the remarkable capabilities of foundation models (i.e., Llama2 and SAM), we propose to augment recipe and food image by extracting alignable information related to the counterpart. Specifically, Llama2 is employed to generate a textual description from the recipe, aiming to capture the visual cues of a food image, and SAM is used to produce image segments that correspond to key ingredients in …

Beat-It : Beat-Synchronized Multi-Condition 3d Dance Generation, Zikai Huang, Xuemiao Xu, Cheng Xu, Huaidong Zhang, Chenxi Zheng, Jing Qin, Shengfeng He

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Dance, as an art form, fundamentally hinges on the precise synchronization with musical beats. However, achieving aesthetically pleasing dance sequences from music is challenging, with existing methods often falling short in controllability and beat alignment. To address these shortcomings, this paper introduces Beat-It, a novel framework for beat-specific, key pose-guided dance generation. Unlike prior approaches, Beat-It uniquely integrates explicit beat awareness and key pose guidance, effectively resolving two main issues: the misalignment of generated dance motions with musical beats, and the inability to map key poses to specific beats, critical for practical choreography. Our approach disentangles beat conditions from music …

D2sr: Decentralized Detection, De-Synchronization, And Recovery Of Lidar Interference, Darshana Rathnayake, Hemanth Sabbella, Meera Radhakrishnan, Archan Misra

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We address the challenge of multi-LiDAR interference, an issue of growing importance as LiDAR sensors are embedded in a growing set of pervasive devices. We introduce a novel approach named D2SR, enabling decentralized interference detection, mitigation, and recovery without explicit coordination among nearby LiDAR devices. D2SR comprises three stages: (a) Detection, which identifies interfered frames, (b) Mitigation, which performs time-shifting of a LiDAR’s active period to reduce interference, and (c) Recovery, which corrects or reconstructs the depth values in interfered regions of a depth frame. Key contributions include a lightweight interference detection algorithm achieving an F1-score of 92%, a simple …

Nigerian Software Engineer Or American Data Scientist? Github Profile Recruitment Bias In Large Language Models, Takashi Nakano, Kazumasa Shimari, Raula Gaikovina Kula, Christoph Treude, Marc Cheong, Kenichi Matsumoto

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Large Language Models (LLMs) have taken the world by storm, demonstrating their ability not only to automate tedious tasks, but also to show some degree of proficiency in completing software engineering tasks. A key concern with LLMs is their “black-box” nature, which obscures their internal workings and could lead to societal biases in their outputs. In the software engineering context, in this early results paper, we empirically explore how well LLMs can automate recruitment tasks for a geographically diverse software team. We use OpenAI's ChatGPT to conduct an initial set of experiments using GitHub User Profiles from four regions to …

Registered Replication Report: A Large Multilab Cross-Cultural Conceptual Replication Of Turri Et Al. (2015), Braeden Hall, Kathleen Schmidt, Jordan Wagge, Savannah C. Lewis, Sophia C. Weissgerber, Felix Kiunke, ..., Andree Hartanto

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

According to the justified true belief (JTB) account of knowledge, people can truly know something only if they have a belief that is both justified and true (i.e., knowledge is JTB). This account was challenged by Gettier, who argued that JTB does not explain knowledge attributions in certain situations, later called “Gettier-type cases,” wherein protagonists are justified in believing something to be true, but their belief was correct only because of luck. Laypeople may not attribute knowledge to protagonists with justified but only luckily true beliefs. Although some research has found evidence for these so-called Gettier intuitions, Turri et al. …

Deliberately Making And Correcting Errors In Mathematical Problem-Solving Practice Improves Procedural Transfer To More Complex Problems, Janson Boon Khang Yap, Sarah Shi Hui Wong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

How can students effectively learn and transfer mathematical procedures to solve new problems? Here, we tested the effects of deliberately committing and correcting errors during mathematical problem-solving practice on transfer of the learned procedures. In two experiments, university students were instructed on mathematical algorithms (synthetic division and matrix multiplication) and solved practice problems during open-book study. Learners were then tested on flexibly adapting the algorithms to solve novel problems that were structurally more complex or embedded in “real-life” scenarios (i.e., mathematical word problems). Deliberately committing and correcting procedural errors during problem-solving practice yielded better transfer than errorless repeated practice (Experiment …

"Asian" Principles For The Recognition And Enforcement Of Foreign Judgments? Singapore As A Case Study, Adeline Chong

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This paper considers if there can be said to be an “Asian” body of principles for the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. Tapping on the results of a research project which was conducted from 2016 to 2020, it is submitted that the answer to this query is in the negative. However, it is suggested that what marks out the “Asian” approach to private international law is the willingness of Asian countries to look outwards for reform and development and to balance the adoption of international norms against important local norms and objectives. Singapore’s approach to the recognition and enforcement …

Can Federated Learning Solve Ai’S Data Privacy Problem?: A Legal Analysis, Warren B. Chik, Florian Gamper

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Federated learning (FL) is a method of training AI systems on different datasets without sharing data. The promise of FL is to enable AI systems to be trained on data, including personal data, while preserving data privacy and confidentiality, and thus, inter alia, facilitate compliance with data protection legislation. FL has generated a considerable interest amongst the computer science community, yet there is a dearth of legal analysis of FL. This is a problem because the question of whether FL facilitates compliance with data protection legislation is a legal question. This article will fill this lacuna by providing a comprehensive …

Maxine Greene And Relational Imagination: Interrelationality As Discourse In Critical Imagination., Seungho Moon

Education: School of Education Faculty Publications and Other Works

Dearest Maxine

Metaphors are your life.

We are strangers as teachers—

we play the Blue Guitar; we

challenge our taken-for-grantedness

and resist “the things as they are”

enthusiastically. I am inspired by you,

my dearest Maxine,

to imagine what might be, what should be.

Don't Page Ortho: A Unified Approach To Post-Operative Pediatric Spinal Fusion Care, Jennifer Glusman, Anne Doran, Mark Kiley, Kevin Baker

Advocate GME

No abstract provided.

Nh 4-H Youth Enrollment Paper Form, Unh Cooperative Extension

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Sample Lesson Of Maple Tales, Sarah Grosvenor

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Examining Relationships Among Nursing Students’ Views Of Suffering, Positive Thinking, And Professional Quality Of Life, Ruth A. Engbers, Abir K. Bekhet, Teresa Jerofke-Owen, Norah L. Johnson, Maharaj Singh

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background:

Exposure to suffering can lead to compassion fatigue in undergraduate nursing students.

Objective:

Guided by resilience theory, a cross-sectional, correlational design was used to investigate the potential moderating effect of positive thinking skills on the relationships between views of suffering, compassion fatigue, and compassion satisfaction.

Results:

In 157 undergraduate nursing students, multiple regressions revealed that views of suffering and positive thinking explained 23.8% of the variance in compassion satisfaction (F11,145 = 4.121, P <  .001), and 21.9% of the variance in burnout (F11,144 = 3.786, P <  .001). The Suffering God view, which stresses the presence of a compassionate deity amid suffering, and positive thinking had significant main effects on compassion satisfaction (β = 0.349, P = .025; and β = 0.309, P <  .001, respectively). Positive thinking, the Suffering God view, and the Random view, in which the occurrence of suffering is random and purposeless, had significant main effects on burnout (β = −0.280, P <  .001; β = −0.392, P = .014; and β = −0.206, P = .014, …

Reimagining Supportive Approaches At The Intersection Of Mandatory Reporting Policies For The Mother–Infant Dyad Affected By Substance Use, Kelly Mcglothen-Bell, Diana Cartagena, Kathryn J. Malin, Dorothy Vittner, Jacqueline M. Mcgrath, Rebecca Koerner, Ashlee J. Vance, Allison Crawford

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background: As rates of substance use during pregnancy persist, the health and optimal development of infants with prenatal substance exposure remain a key priority. Nurses are tasked with identifying and reporting suspected cases of child maltreatment, including abuse and neglect, which is often assumed to be synonymous with substance use during pregnancy. While policies aimed at protecting infants from child abuse and neglect are well intentioned, literature regarding the short- and long-term social and legal implications of mandatory reporting policies is emerging.

Purpose: In this article, we explore the intersections between the condition of substance use in pregnancy and policies …

Global Presence And Penetrance Of, Jaroslaw Dulski, Matthew Baker, Samantha A Banks, Michael Bayat, Rose Bruffaerts, Gabriela Ortiz Cruz, Caio C Disserol, Kristen S Fisher, Jainy N Jose, Bernadette Kalman, Orhun H Kantarci, Dmytro Maltsev, Catherine Middleton, Gabriela Novotni, Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska, Salmo Raskin, Josiane Souza, Helio A Teive, Zbigniew K Wszolek

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: To highlight the worldwide presence of CSF1R-related disorder (CSF1R-RD), discuss its penetrance, and provide the first haplotype analysis.

Methods: Data on patients worldwide were collected, including demographics, genotype, family history, and clinical status. For haplotype analysis, polymorphisms of short tandem repeats in 3 distinct families with CSF1R p.Ile794Thr variant were examined.

Results: Nineteen new patients were included, at a mean age of 38.7 years (ranging from 11 to 74 years), from 14 families from the Americas, Asia, Australia, and Europe, including the first from Mexico, North Macedonia, and Ukraine. Fifteen CSF1R variants were found, including 8 …