Digital Commons Network^™

Autistic Young Adults' Experiences And Recommendations For Strength Training, Ashlyn Barry, Justin A. Haegele, Daniel Schaefer, Kristen A. Pickett, Luis Columna

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Strength training can be a beneficial form of physical activity (PA), but little research has examined how autistic individuals experience it or what makes programs accessible and supportive. Therefore, the purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to explore autistic young adults’ experiences with strength training, and (2) examine their recommendations for designing programs that meet their needs. Thirteen autistic young adults (ages 22–25) participated in semi-structured interviews about their strength training experiences and preferences for program design. A qualitative descriptive approach with a constructivist lens guided reflexive analysis. Participants described key factors that influenced their participation in strength training, …

The Efficacy Of Physical Activity Or Exercise Among Individuals With Cerebral Palsy: An Umbrella Review Of Systematic Reviews, Majed M. Alhumaid, Faris Yahya I. Asiri, Mohamed A. Said, Justin A. Haegele

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Introduction

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common childhood disability, affecting 1.5-3 per 1000 live births. Physical exercises have been shown to improve muscle and limb outcomes in CP. This systematic review critically appraises existing systematic reviews on the effects of physical activity and exercise on physical, functional, and psychosocial outcomes in individuals with CP compared to those without.

Methods

Using a PICO framework, the question was: In patients with CP, do physical activity and exercise improve muscle- and limb-related outcomes compared to no intervention or usual care? PubMed, Cochrane, ISI Web of Science, and Embase were searched for systematic …

Impact Of Aerobic Exercise On Cardiometabolic Health In Patients With Diabesity: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna, Barry A. Franklin, John M. Jakicic, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Linda S. Pescatello, Deborah Riebe, Walter R. Thompson, James S. Skinner, Sheri R. Colberg, Jonathan K. Ehrman, George S. Metsios, Norsuhana Omar, Nouf H. Alkhamees, Bodor Bin Sheeha, Abdullah F. Alghannam, Alexios Batrakoulis

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Purpose

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise on cardiometabolic health-related indices in patients with type 2 diabetes and concurrent overweight/obesity (diabesity).

Methods

PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception to October 2024. The search strategy included the following keywords: diabetes, aerobic exercise, and endurance training. RCTs comparing aerobic exercise training ≥2 weeks in duration to standard treatment were considered eligible. Participants were adults with diabesity.

Results

A total of 1391 middle-aged/older adult patients (55 % females) were included …

Impact Of High-Intensity Interval Training On Cardiometabolic Health In Patients With Diabesity: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna, Barry A. Franklin, Mark A. Tarnopolsky, John A. Hawley, John M. Jakicic, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Jonathan P. Little, Linda S. Pescatello, Deborah Riebe, Walter R. Thompson, James S. Skinner, Sheri R. Colberg, Jonathan K. Ehrman, George S. Metsios, Helen T. Douda, Norsuhana Omar, Abdullah F. Alghannam, Alexios Batrakoulis

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Aims This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiometabolic health-related outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity (diabesity).

Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception up to November 2024. The search strategy encompassed the following keywords: diabetes, obesity, and HIIT. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) recruiting adult participants with diabesity and comparing HIIT per se for ≥ 2 weeks in duration with non-exercise standard treatment were included.

Results A total of 18 RCTs qualified involving 504 patients (52/48 women/men …

Hearing From Working Nurses: Incorporating Real-World Knowledge Practices Into The Framework To Better Instruct Tomorrow’S Healthcare Professionals, Anne R. Diekema, Elizabeth (Betsy) S. Hopkins, Britt Fagerheim, Brandon Patterson, Nena Schvaneveldt

Library Faculty & Staff Publications

There is a certain duality to the role of librarians in higher education as the job requires preparing students for their current academic work, such as doing research for writing papers, while at the same time preparing students for their future professional information work.¹ Librarians seeking guidance on teaching information literacy more comprehensively are left to study the professional standards of the targeted professional group,² and find or carry out research on these practitioners.³ Synthesizing and translating these findings into instructional approaches while staying true to existing information literacy standards, however, can be challenging.⁴ In this …

A Computational Fluid Dynamics (Cfd) Based Assessment Of Animal Borne Data Logger Impact, Christopher Pass

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Animal borne data loggers are powerful tools that provide researchers with valuable insight into the behaviour and ecology of free-ranging marine animals. Despite their usefulness, the addition of a tag inevitably alters the forces acting on a swimming body and can increase the energetic cost of swimming. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools offer a powerful means of assessing tag impact and a number of previous works have employed CFD to this end but have typically been based on a range of simplifying assumptions. Chief amongst these simplifications is that animals can be modelled as rigid bodies with a simple tag …

Upregulation Of Delta Opioid Receptor By Meningeal Interleukin-10 Prevents Relapsing Pain, Kufreobong E Inyang, Jaewon Sim, Kimberly B Clark, Matan Geron, Karli Monahan, Christine Evans, Patrick O'Connell, Sophie Laumet, Bo Peng, Jiacheng Ma, Cobi J Heijnen, Robert Dantzer, Grégory Scherrer, Annemieke Kavelaars, Matthew Bernard, Yasser A Aldhamen, Joseph K Folger, Alexis Bavencoffe, Geoffroy Laumet

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Chronic pain often includes periods of transient amelioration and even remission that alternate with severe relapsing pain. While most research on chronic pain has focused on pain development and maintenance, there is a critical unmet need to better understand the mechanisms that underlie pain remission and relapse. We found that interleukin (IL)-10, a pain resolving cytokine, is produced by resident macrophages in the spinal meninges during remission from pain and signaled to IL-10 receptor-expressing sensory neurons. Using unbiased RNA-sequencing, we identified that IL-10 upregulated expression and antinociceptive activity of δ-opioid receptor (δOR) in the dorsal root ganglion. Genetic or pharmacological …

Historia Romów Amerykańskich. Historyczne Nieobecności I Ich Konsekwencje [Romani American History: Historical Absences And Their Consequences], Ann Ostendorf

History Faculty Scholarship

American historians have created an historical absence by ignoring Romani people’s presence in evidence from the past. The origins of this „absence-ing” are multifaceted and interrelated, but fundamentally stem from the continued influence of out-of-date and unprofessional ways of thinking and knowing. Examining and understanding „absence-ing” requires a consideration of the nature of the discipline of history as well as a history of the missing historicization of Romani Americans. The consequences of the „absence-ing” of Romani people from American histories have negatively and distinctively influenced four different groups of people: historians of the Americas; historians of Romani people in Europe; …

Privacy-Preserving Collaborative Population Stratification With Dynamic Algorithm And Hyperparameter Selection, Maryam Ghasemian, Lynette Hammond Gerido, Erman Ayday

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We present a privacy-preserving selection layer for collaborative population stratification under 𝜖-local differential privacy (LDP). Rather than fixing a single pipeline (e.g., PCA+K-Means with preset 𝐾), our framework lets parties choose among three DP pipelines: PCA→Noise, Noise→PCA, and Noise-Only, according to their resources, and has an honest-but-curious server aggregate only DP shares to automatically select the clustering algorithm (K-Means, GMM, or Hierarchical) and 𝐾 that maximize internal metrics (Silhouette, Calinski–Harabasz, Davies–Bouldin). Because selection operates on DP data, it adds no further privacy loss. On openSNP (942 samples, 28,396 SNPs), the PCA-augmented pipelines yield higher utility …

On The Empirical Power Of Goodness-Of-Fit Tests In Watermark Detection, Weiqing He, Xiang Li, Tianqi Shang, Li Shen, Weijie Su, Qi Long

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Large language models (LLMs) raise concerns about content authenticity and integrity because they can generate human-like text at scale. Text watermarks, which embed detectable statistical signals into generated text, offer a provable way to verify content origin. Many detection methods rely on pivotal statistics that are i.i.d. under human-written text, making goodness-of-fit (GoF) tests a natural tool for watermark detection. However, GoF tests remain largely underexplored in this setting. In this paper, we systematically evaluate eight GoF tests across three popular watermarking schemes, using three open-source LLMs, two datasets, various generation temperatures, and multiple post-editing methods. We find that general …

Privacy-Preserving Verification Of Ml Preprocessing Via Model Behavior Indicators, Wenbiao Li, Anisa Halimi, Jaideep Vaidya, Xiaoqian Jiang, Erman Ayday

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We present a privacy-preserving framework to verify whether a declared data preprocessing pipeline was correctly applied before training a machine learning model on sensitive data. The verifier has only black-box query access to the model and combines three behavior indicators: shift in prediction accuracy, Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between output distributions, and explanation vectors from Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). The method requires neither the original training records nor ground-truth labels. It supports two tasks: (i) a binary decision on correctness and (ii) a multi-class diagnosis identifying which step is missing. Experiments on three tabular datasets …

Safeguarding Privacy In Genome Research: A Comprehensive Framework For Authors, Maryam Ghasemian, Lynette Hammond Gerido, Erman Ayday

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

As genomic research continues to advance, sharing of genomic data and research outcomes has become increasingly important for fostering collaboration and accelerating scientific discovery. However, such data sharing must be balanced with the need to protect the privacy of individuals whose genetic information is being utilized. This paper presents a bidirectional framework for evaluating privacy risks associated with data shared (both in terms of summary statistics and research datasets) in genomic research papers, particularly focusing on re-identification risks such as membership inference attacks (MIA). The framework consists of a structured workflow that begins with a questionnaire designed to capture researchers' …

Not Fully Synthetic: Llm-Based Hybrid Approaches Towards Privacy-Preserving Clinical Note Sharing, Atiquer Rahman Sarkar, Yao-Shun Chuang, Xiaoqian Jiang, Noman Mohammed

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The publication and sharing of clinical notes are crucial for healthcare research and innovation. However, privacy regulations such as HIPAA and GDPR pose significant challenges. While de-identification techniques aim to remove protected health information, they often fall short of achieving complete privacy protection. Similarly, the current state of synthetic clinical note generation can lack nuance and content coverage. To address these limitations, we propose an approach that combines de-identification, filtration, and synthetic clinical note generation. Variations of this approach currently retain 36%-61% of the original note's content and fill the remaining gaps using an LLM, ensuring high information coverage. We …

Enhancing Cross-Domain Generalizability In Social Determinants Of Health Extraction With Prompt-Tuning Large Language Models, Cheng Peng, Zehao Yu, Kaleb E Smith, Wei-Hsuan Lo-Ciganic, Jiang Bian, Yonghui Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The progress in natural language processing (NLP) using large language models (LLMs) has greatly improved patient information extraction from clinical narratives. However, most methods based on the fine-tuning strategy have limited transfer learning ability for cross-domain applications. This study proposed a novel approach that employs a soft prompt-based learning architecture, which introduces trainable prompts to guide LLMs toward desired outputs. We examined two types of LLM architectures, including encoder-only GatorTron and decoder-only GatorTronGPT, and evaluated their performance for the extraction of social determinants of health (SDoH) using a cross-institution dataset from the 2022 n2c2 challenge and a cross-disease dataset from …

Enhancing Medical Coding Efficiency Through Domain-Specific Fine-Tuned Large Language Models, Zhen Hou, Hao Liu, Jiang Bian, Xing He, Yan Zhuang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Medical coding is essential for healthcare operations yet remains predominantly manual, error-prone (up to 20%), and costly (up to $18.2 billion annually). Although large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in natural language processing, their application to medical coding has produced limited accuracy. In this study, we evaluated whether fine-tuning LLMs with specialized ICD-10 knowledge can automate code generation across clinical documentation. We adopted a two-phase approach: initial fine-tuning using 74,260 ICD-10 code-description pairs, followed by enhanced training to address linguistic and lexical variations. Evaluations using a proprietary model (GPT-4o mini) on a cloud platform and an open-source model (Llama) …

Using Digitally Delivered Measurement-Based Care In Substance Use Disorder Treatment: Qualitative Analysis Of Patients’ Perspectives, Tessa Frohe, Eliza B Cohn, Madeline C Frost, Tascha R Johnson, Kevin A Hallgren

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Measurement-based care (MBC) is a clinical practice where patients complete standardized outcome measures throughout treatment to monitor clinical progress and inform clinical decision-making. However, MBC is rarely adopted in routine substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. We developed a digital MBC system and pilot tested it in an outpatient adult community SUD treatment setting.

Objectives:The current study aims to characterize qualitative feedback from the pilot participants about their experiences using the MBC system in SUD treatment, focusing on perceived benefits, drawbacks, and suggestions for improvement.

Methods: Participants (N=30; n=11 female 37%) completed weekly MBC questionnaires via smartphone for 6 …

Medication Prescribing Checklists And Their Impact On Patient Safety: A Scoping Review, Yilei Liu, Tate W Miner, Kawtar Zouaidi, Anika N Roy, Muhammad F Walji, Kristin N Ray, Donald B Rindal, Elsbeth Kalenderian, Katie J Suda

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Medication prescribing checklists and the impact on patient safety remain unexplored.

Objectives: This scoping review aimed to identify key elements of these checklists and evaluate their impact on patient safety outcomes.

Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase for studies reporting checklists in medication prescribing practices and the impact on patient safety outcomes as of October 23, 2024. We applied Fisher's exact test to evaluate the association between checklist effectiveness (based on patient safety outcomes) with study design (randomized controlled trials [RCTs] vs non-RCTs) and intervention type (bundled intervention vs checklist-only intervention).

Results: After full-text review, 53 articles met inclusion …

Daily Movement Activities Are Associated With Within-Person Instability Of Cognitive Function In Older Adults: Evidence From An Ambulatory Assessment Study, Chih-Hsiang Yang, Donald Hedeker, Jongwon Lee, Halle Prine, Donna Coffman, Jingkai Wei, Jonathan George Hakun

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background and objectives: Physical inactivity and excessive sedentary time (ST) are associated with poor cognitive health in older adults. However, current literature largely relies on cross-sectional designs or in-lab cognitive assessments, which do not adequately reflect cognitive function in naturalistic settings. Further, existing studies have largely overlooked the variability or the instability in daily cognitive function, which represents a critical marker of cognitive decline. This ambulatory assessment study examined the temporal associations of daily movement behaviors with the mean levels and the variability of cognition among older adults at risk of dementia.

Research design and methods: 96 older adults from …

Association Of Cardiovascular Disease With Dementia: A Longitudinal Analysis Using National Alzheimer’S Coordinating Center Data, Diana Summanwar, Hyena Kim, Jingkai Wei, Malaz Boustani, Alvaro Alonso, Ambar Kulshreshtha

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We analyzed how cardiovascular disease subtypes influence the prevalence and incidence of dementia among 30,582 individuals aged 50 and older in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center cohort. We calculated prevalence ratios (aPR) and hazard ratios (aHR), using models adjusted for age, sex, race, years of education, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Stroke (aPR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.20-1.32) and history of arrhythmias (aPR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.09-1.24) were associated with higher dementia prevalence. In survival analysis, stroke was associated with a 55% increased risk of incident dementia (aHR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.36-1.77).

Oral Microbiome Brain Axis And Cognitive Performance In Older Adults, Darbaz Adnan, Phillip A Engen, Michelle Villanueva, Shohreh Raeisi, Vivian Ramirez, Ankur Naqib, Stefan J Green, Faraz Bishehsari, Lisa L Barnes, Ali Keshavarzian, Klodian Dhana, Robin M Voigt

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The human oral microbiota is a community of microorganisms that reside in the oral cavity, including lingual, buccal, and saliva, each niche with a distinct microbial composition. Alterations in oral microbiota have been associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study used data from 143 older adults in the MIND trial to evaluate the association between oral microbiome and cognitive function. Oral niche-specific differences (saliva, buccal, and lingual), as well as the microbiome composition differences (α and β diversity), were associated with cognitive function. A lower abundance of Gemella and a higher abundance of anaerobic pro-inflammatory bacteria …

How Different Is Invasive Coronary Physiology In The Left Anterior Descending Artery?, Nils P Johnson, K Lance Gould

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Given the large amount of myocardium supplied by the left anterior descending (LAD) artery, it understandably receives additional scrutiny during coronary angiography. However, these same features make the interpretation of pressure wire physiology more nuanced to avoid overtreatment. This review provides case examples to underpin an extensive literature review supporting the argument that a "positive" fractional flow reserve (FFR) in the LAD needs to be approached with caution. A large hyperemic gradient, or low FFR, can arise from either a severe and focal lesion in conjunction with low flow or diffuse disease coupled with intact or normal flow. Separating these …

The Symptom Burden Of Women With A Known Risk Of Breast Cancer Receiving Risk Reducing Medication, Meagan S Whisenant, Jessica Treviño Jones, Anneliese O Gonzalez, Therese Bartholomew Bevers, Kelly Brassil, Darcy A Ponce, Sharvari Kamat, Emily Solis, Ann Maliackal, Hannah Warlick, Amie Walters, Chloe Denham, Loretta A Williams

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: For the estimated 10 million women in the United States who meet the high-risk criteria for breast cancer, evidence-based interventions may reduce the risk of breast cancer by 50-65 %. Even with substantial evidence supporting preventive medication for risk reduction, there is significant lack of uptake and adherence. The purpose of this study was to characterize the experience of women at high risk for breast cancer and define the content domain for a patient-reported outcomes (PRO) measure of symptom burden from breast cancer risk and risk reducing medication.

Methods: Thirty women at high risk for breast cancer and receiving …

Steroids For Viral Meningitis: A Foe Or A Friend?, Rodrigo Hasbun

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis (Ankylosing Spondylitis) Commencing Late In Life, Mark C Hwang, Karim Doughem, Minjae Lee, Lianne S Gensler, Mariko L Ishimori, Michael M Ward, Matthew A Brown, Amirali Tahanan, Michael H Weisman, Mohammad H Rahbar, John D Reveille

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Giant Cell Tumor Of The Bone With Fatal Pulmonary Metastasis: A Case Report, Mohamad Taha, Saadia A Faiz, Pushan Jani, Jing Liu, Yasir D Ali, Mohammad Asim Amjad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Giant cell tumors of the bone are typically benign, locally aggressive lesions that rarely metastasize. In this report, we describe the case of a 48-year-old woman presenting with a giant cell tumor of the bone of the hip joint, which demonstrated aggressive histological features and recurrent behavior. The patient developed multiple unresectable pulmonary metastases despite several wide local excisions. Although pulmonary metastases from giant cell tumors of the bone are usually associated with a relatively favorable prognosis, guidelines for the optimal treatment of metastatic giant cell tumors of the bone remain limited. This case highlights the unpredictable nature of giant …

Use Of Hookah And Age Of Asthma Onset Among Us Adults, Adriana Pérez, Sarah Valencia, Pushan P Jani, Melissa B Harrell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To explore the association of hookah use on the age of asthma onset among adults who were asthma/COPD free and who did not use cigarettes, cigars, electronic cigarettes or smokeless tobacco prior to asthma onset.

Methods: Secondary data analyses were conducted of the waves 1-6 (2013-2021) of the US nationally representative Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study among adults (>18 years). The four hookahs use exposures evaluated were (1) past 30-day (P30D) hookah use at the first wave of participation, (2) total number of waves before asthma onset in which adults reported P30D hookah use, (3) total …

Thrombotic Storm With Antiphospholipid Syndrome In The Setting Of Relapsing Evans Syndrome And Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report, Som Singh, Sergio Abraham Candiales, Zachary Hunzeker, Cristina Olivo Freites, Modupe Idowu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: There are few cases that report the presence of lupus anticoagulant and antiphospholipid antibodies between Evans syndrome and the presence of lupus anticoagulant. However, differentiating between primary and secondary causes of Evans syndrome remains challenging.

Case description: A 31-year-old female with a medical history of autism spectrum disorder, antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), complete systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and Evans syndrome was admitted for cholecystitis requiring laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In the setting of her acute illness, her thrombocytopenia worsened. Her hospital course was then complicated by the development of a left adrenal hematoma and venous thrombosis. Anticoagulation therapy was conservatively held due …

Changes In Medication Complexity And Post-Hospitalization Outcomes In Older Adults Hospitalized For Heart Failure, Aayush Visaria, William Mcdonald, John Mancini, Andrew P Ambrosy, Min Ji Kwak, Ashkan Hashemi, Mark S Lachs, Andrew R Zullo, Monika Safford, Emily B Levitan, Parag Goyal

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Medication regimen complexity may be an important risk factor for adverse outcomes in older adults with heart failure. However, increasing complexity is often necessary when prescribing guideline-directed medical therapy at the time of a heart failure hospitalization. We sought to determine whether increased medication regimen complexity following a heart failure hospitalization was associated with worse post-hospitalization outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) participants aged at least 65 years hospitalized for heart failure between 2003 and 2014. We calculated changes between hospital admission and discharge in medication count (Δcount) and …

Editorial: Women In Brain Imaging And Stimulation, Volume Ii: 2024, Molly S Hermiller, Ruogu Fang, Wen Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

An Ontology-Based Method For Formalizing And Encoding Patient Colonoscopy Preparation Using Bpmn And Owl2 For Automated Tool Development, Muhammad Amith, Yue Yu, Yuheng Shi, Brooks Cash, Barani Mayilvaganan, Anirudh Babu, Yang Gong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Colonoscopy is a proven procedure for mitigating the incidence of colorectal cancers in late adulthood. Despite its effectiveness, colonoscopy preparation presents several challenges for patients, including issues with adherence and misunderstanding. Information and communication technology (ICT) tools may offer valuable support for modern patients. To enable such tools, computable knowledge bases are essential. In this paper, we describe the development of an ontology-based knowledge graph representing four laxative-based pre-colonoscopy procedures. We used the business process modeling and notation and OWL2 formalisms to manifest machine-readable artifacts that model processes of colonoscopy preparation. Future work will focus on integrating extended knowledge bases …