Digital Commons Network^™

Breaking Up Bottlenecks In Big Tech And Everywhere Else: Two Remedies That Keep Your Packages Arriving In Two Days, Peter Carstensen, Darren Bush

UC Law Journal

This article addresses the colossal problem of remedy in antitrust and regulatory cases combatting monopoly “bottlenecks.” A bottleneck monopoly lies somewhere along the chain of production and distribution of goods or services. Often both before and after the monopoly, the markets are workably competitive. When a bottleneck owner also participates in those workably competitive markets, the bottleneck owner has the incentive and ability to self-preference, discriminating against other competing products in the markets. As a monopolist, a bottleneck owner will also seek to constrain access to the bottleneck, assuring that the use of the bottleneck is not optimized. Traditional remedies …

Defending Children’S Data Privacy: Strategies For The 21st Century, Zoë Macdonald

UC Law Journal

Children’s use of social media has been linked to an overwhelming number of adverse effects on their mental health, privacy, and well-being. There is a general consensus among parents, researchers, and lawmakers that children’s online protections must be expanded. However, recent legislative efforts to effect change have been met with consistent failure. Recently, California, Arkansas, and Texas passed new legislation intended to bolster existing protections and expand child privacy online. The Arkansas law and portions of the California and Texas laws do not pass constitutional muster under current case law, and all three federal district courts articulated their inability to …

A Computational Analysis Of The Effect Of Hard Choices On The Individuation Of Values, Norberto M. Grzywacz

Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Background/Objectives: Experimental studies show that when an individual makes choices, they affect future decisions. Future choices tend to be consistent with past ones. This tendency matters in the context of ambivalent situations because they may not lead to clear choices, often leading people to make “arbitrary” decisions. Thus, because of choice consistency with the past, people’s decision-making values diverge. Thus, hard choices may contribute to the individuation of values. Methods: Here, we develop a Bayesian framework for the effects of cognitive choice consistency on decision-making. This framework thus extends earlier cognitive-science Bayesian theories, which focus on other tasks, such as …

Perceptual Complexity As Normalized Shannon Entropy, Norberto M. Grzywacz

Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Complexity is one of the most important variables in how the brain performs decision making based on esthetic values. Multiple definitions of perceptual complexity have been proposed, with one of the most fruitful being the Normalized Shannon Entropy one. However, the Normalized Shannon Entropy definition has theoretical gaps that we address in this article. Focusing on visual perception, we first address whether normalization fully corrects for the effects of measurement resolution on entropy. The answer is negative, but the remaining effects are minor, and we propose alternate definitions of complexity, correcting this problem. Related to resolution, we discuss the ideal …

Strategically Restated Defaults, Wendy Gerwick Couture

William & Mary Business Law Review

Business and commercial statutes are composed almost entirely of default rules, which parties may override via agreement or adopt via silence. Drafters of these statutes, and theories about the substance of default rules, assume that parties indeed adopt statutory default rules via silence.

Against this backdrop, this Article examines unexpected behavior by parties to business and commercial agreements: parties often restate statutory default rules in their agreements rather than adopting those rules via silence. Based on a review of actual limited partnership agreements and security agreements, this Article identifies five unique species of restatement—bald, tweak, refill, baseline, and context restatements—and …

A New Error Analysis For Finite Element Methods For Elliptic Neumann Boundary Control Problems With Pointwise Control Constraints, Susanne C. Brenner, Li Yeng Sung

Faculty Publications

We present a new error analysis for finite element methods for a linear-quadratic elliptic optimal control problem with Neumann boundary control and pointwise control constraints. It can be applied to standard finite element methods when the coefficients in the elliptic operator are smooth and also to multiscale finite element methods when the coefficients are rough.

Beyond Water Surface Profiles: A New Iterative Methodology For 2d Model Calibration In Rivers Using Velocity Data From Multiple Cross-Sections, Fabian Rivera-Trejo, Gabriel Soto-Cortes, Kory M. Konsoer, Eddy J. Langendoen, Gaston Priego-Hernandez

Faculty Publications

Observed longitudinal water-surface profiles are commonly used to calibrate river hydrodynamic models, relying on assumptions of lateral uniformity in water surface elevation and velocity distribution. While suitable for 1D models, this approach has limitations in regard to 2D model calibration. When 2D flow measurements are available, a more robust quantitative evaluation is necessary to assess model accuracy. This study introduces a novel methodology to improve 2D model calibration and evaluate performance. High-resolution bathymetric and hydrodynamic data collected with a multibeam echosounder (MBES) and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) were aligned to compare observed and simulated flow velocities at matching spatial …

Earliest Ancient Maya Salt Production In Southern Belize: Excavations At Jay-Yi Nah, Heather Mckillop, E. Cory Sills

Faculty Publications

Salt works along the Yucatan coasts of Mexico and Belize provide a record of salt production for inland trade during the height of Late Classic Maya civilisation (AD 550-800). At the Paynes Creek Salt Works in Belize, production focused on the creation of salt cakes by boiling brine in pots supported over fires in dedicated salt kitchens. Underwater excavations at the Early Classic (AD 250-550) site of Jay-yi Nah now indicate there was a longer and evolving tradition of salt making in the area, one that initially employed large, incurved bowls to meet local or down-the-line trade needs before inland …

Effects Of Immigration On Native Entrepreneurship In The Us: An Analysis Of Self-Employment Over 1980–2018, Bulent Unel

Faculty Publications

This paper examines the causal impact of immigration on entrepreneurship among US-born non-Hispanic whites in non-agricultural private sectors from 1980 to 2018. Using self-employment as a proxy for entrepreneurship and distinguishing between incorporated individuals and unincorporated self-employed workers, I find a sizable negative impact of immigration on native self-employment. Importantly, this effect is consistent across incorporated and unincorporated self-employment and remains robust across demographic groups based on gender, age, and education. Results are robust to the choice of controls and estimation methods.

Aging In Uxbridge: A Community Needs Assessment, Caitlin E. Coyle, Katherine Burnes, Ceara Somerville

Center for Social and Demographic Research on Aging Publications

This report describes research undertaken by the Center for Social & Demographic Research on Aging (CSDRA) within the Gerontology Institute at the University of Massachusetts Boston, on behalf of the Town of Uxbridge. The goals of this project were to investigate the interests, preferences, and opinions of Uxbridge’s residents aged 55 or older by engaging the community regarding their experiences and needs relevant to the Council on Aging’s (COA’s) and Senior Center objective to identify and serve the needs of all Uxbridge citizens 55 and older. The contents of this report are meant to inform the Town of Uxbridge, the …

Everyday Discrimination And Its Predictors In The Masala Study, Amandeep Kaur, Kristine M. Molina, Benita Jackson, Nadia Islam, Alka Kanaya, Anneeth Kaur Hundle, Ramaswami Mahalingam

Psychology: Faculty Publications

South Asians are a fast-growing, heterogeneous ethnic group in the United States. However, they remain understudied in health equity research despite experiencing a high burden of cardiovascular disease. Biased assumptions, such as the model minority myth, obscure their unique experiences of discrimination—a known contributor to cardiovascular disease–related health inequities. The form and pattern of everyday discrimination among South Asians has been largely unexamined. We addressed this gap by examining the dimensionality of the everyday discrimination scale (EDS) and its potential predic- tors among South Asians. Data are from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA; 2010–2018), …

From The Accounting Graduate’S And The Employer’S Perspectives: Exploring The Key Roles In Making Skill Acquisition And Transfer Happen, Gary Pan, Poh Sun Seow, Clarence Goh, Duan Ning, Magdeleine Lew

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

While extant research has discussed how a teacher’s role may have to change when facilitating accounting students’ learning in today’s fast-moving accounting landscape, nevertheless, little is known about the roles played by the accounting graduate and the employer in a similar process. To plug this knowledge gap in the accounting education literature, this study aims to address the following research question: What are the key roles played by the accounting graduate and the employer in the process of skill acquisition and transfer from the university to the workplace? By applying Fitts and Posner’s (1967) three stages of learning and adopting …

It Was Mainly My Own Choice: Examining The Decision-Making Process Of Chinese Undergraduates And Their Parents On Study In The United States, Shizhu Liu, Desiree Baolian Qin, Adam Grimm, Mingjun Xie, Yemo Duan, Chi-Fang Tseng, Mikiko Sato

Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education

No abstract provided.

To All The Nations Of The World: A Postcolonial Analysis Of Protestant Christian-Oriented Study Abroad Programs, Joshua Patterson, Melissa Whatley, Anna Kelly

Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education

No abstract provided.

Manifestations Of Transformative Learning: A Case Study Of A Short-Term Study Abroad Program In Israel, Emmanuelle S. Chiocca

Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education

No abstract provided.

Student-Conscious Practice And Pathways For Student Success, Anthony Walker, Sara Mata

Journal of Research Initiatives

This paper shares evidence of how four programs enhanced students' pathways from high school through bachelor's degrees. Each program expanded students' networks, fostered a sense of belonging, and developed critical thinking skills. Ten years after participation, we looked back to gain insights into key elements that impacted students' learning experience. Data from student voices highlighted the importance of inclusiveness in action, institutional responsibility, and culturally relevant pedagogy in student success and program impact.

May Federal Courts Answer Questions When Not Deciding Cases?, Benjamin B. Johnson

Notre Dame Law Review

Conventional wisdom says that Article III’s case-or-controversy requirement prevents federal courts from answering legal questions when they are not deciding cases. This is only partially correct. This Article shows conditions under which a federal court may answer questions even when not deciding a case. To do so, it traces the appellate power back to its origins in English common law courts and through the early American judiciary. For centuries, common law judges have answered questions sent to them by lower courts when doing so would help those lower courts to decide pending cases. In England, the “case stated” procedure facilitated …

Immunity For Imaginary Policy In Tort Claims Against The Federal Government, Gregory C. Sisk

Notre Dame Law Review

Fictional policy justifications for official negligence are regularly accepted by the federal courts to shield the federal government from liability for ordinary tortious wrongdoing. The lower federal courts have adopted an extravagant interpretation of the discretionary function exception to the Federal Tort Claims Act that applies whenever a policy implication can be theorized. Under this “susceptible to policy analysis” approach, the United States government escapes accountability through after-the-fact speculation regarding policy factors that could have played a role (but actually did not) in the harmful government conduct.

By textual command, the exception shields only government decisions “based on,” that is, …

When Religious Exercise And Private Rights Collide, Brent J. Nymeyer

Notre Dame Law Review

This Note proposes that the state action doctrine—where state statutory and common law, or the judicial finding of liability thereunder, is government burdening to the same extent that a criminal law or prosecution is government burdening—should extend to always allow religious exercise claims and defenses in disputes involving only private parties. Part I lays out the development of religious exercise jurisprudence under the federal and state systems and the current landscape of jurisdictions’ treatment of religious exercise claims and defenses in private disputes.

Part II proceeds in two sections: Section A presents representative cases from criminal law and relevant areas …

The Equity In Corporate Law, Andrew S. Gold, Henry E. Smith

Notre Dame Law Review

It is no secret that equity is a central part of corporate law. Yet a fuller appreciation of what equity means for corporate law is still lacking. This Article offers a new account of corporate law’s equity, showing that it is a kind of meta-law—or law about law—that operates ex post to address polycentric problems, conflicting rights, and opportunism. As we argue, much of the structure of corporate law—its architecture—is explained by the need for a robust equity that can intervene where needed, while also avoiding the dangers of unconstrained judicial discretion. Corporate law maintains a careful balance, one that …

Chanticleer | February 2025, Jacksonville State University

Chanticleer

No abstract provided.

Dimensions Volume 60 - Full Issue, Editors, Dimensions

Dimensions

SCOLT Dimensions Volume 60

We Walk The Line, Do You? An Evidence Based Project To Improve Line Necessity Conversation, Steven Aguero, Kayla Boykin, Gissel Bustos, Ava Cooper, Rebecca Elder, Kendall Gloston, Maritza Gonzalez, Victoria Hodges, Halie Mcmillan, Krishna Patel, Somatta Pokharel

2024

No abstract provided.

Pumped Up For Safety: The Integration Of Smart Infusion Iv Pumps, Megan Broyles, Aleena Jacob, Mallory Kalka, Madeline Nunneley

2024

No abstract provided.

When Silence Speaks: Understanding The Bystander Effect In The Digital Age, Sandy G. Boles

SPARK Symposium Presentations

The bystander effect has long shaped social movements, influencing whether individuals take action or remain passive in moments of crisis. In the digital age, social media has redefined activism, raising the question: Does online engagement mobilize individuals toward meaningful action, or does it foster a culture of passive participation, creating a culture of 'keyboard warriors' who express support online without taking direct action? This study aimed to explore the intersection of social media and activism, investigating whether digital platforms amplify or diminish the bystander effect. A mixed-methods survey was conducted to examine this relationship by assessing social media engagement, activism …

Cartelera Espanto: Análisis De Cartel Cinematográfico De Terror En México Del Siglo Xx, Karla Daniela Frías González, Edgar Meritano

STEM for Success Showcase

UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA METROPOLITANA UNIDAD AZCAPOTZALCO

División Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño

Tesis para obtener el grado de Licenciado en Diseño de la Comunicación Gráfica

En el siglo XX hubo una explosión de cambios que revolucionaron al mundo, el cine se instauró como uno de los medios artísticos y de comunicación más importantes, un arte particularmente relacionado con la tecnología, que durante estos cien años se elevará a su máximo desarrollo pasando del cine mudo hasta el cine a todo color; con los movimientos bélicos obtuvo protagonismo, desde de la educación política, pues describía los valores de una nación o …

Accreditation Update, Georgia Southern University

Institutional Assessment & Accreditation

• Welcoming our SACSCOC On-Site Reaffirmation Committee
• STATUS UPDATE: We are in Phase 5
• Section 7: Institutional Planning and Effectiveness
• Our Quality Enhancement Plan: Ready Day 1 Connect

February 2025, Swosu Rural Health Center

RURAL ROCKS

This is the February 2025 issue of Rural Rocks from the SWOSU College of Pharmacy.

An Intensified Cereal Push-Pull System Reduces Pest Infestation And Confers Yield Advantages In High-Value Vegetables, Frank Chidawanyika, Evanson R. Omuse, Lavender O. Agutu, Jimmy O. Pittchar, Dickens Nyagol, Zeyaur R. Khan

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Crop diversification is associated with ecosystem services that can improve yield. We integrated tomatoes and kales within the cereal push-pull technology (PPT), to form the vegetable integrated push-pull (VIPP), and explored the influence of these cropping systems on pest and disease management, and subsequent yield of the vegetables. Aphids and diamondback moths (DBM), the major pests in kale production, together with grasshoppers were consistently lower in the VIPP plots. Low incidences and damage by leafminers, whiteflies and fruitflies on tomatoes were observed in VIPP plots compared to plots of tomato intercropped with maize (control). The severity of black rot and …

Cultivating Consumption Of Biobased Product, Nima Nejadrezaei

Doctoral

Consumers play a critical role in transitioning towards bioeconomy. However, their positive attitudes and interest in biobased products often do not lead to actual usage because of the complexity of the decision-making process. Despite the bioeconomy’s importance, research on consumer behaviour regarding biobased products remains limited. This study bridged gaps by examining consumer perspectives on biobased products. It sought to identify factors influencing consumer perspectives and develop an integrative model where acceptance preceded actual use. Focusing on consumers from the Republic of Ireland, a test market with strong government commitment to the bioeconomy, private sector and research centre investments and …