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Articles 207511 - 207540 of 5205955

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Application Of Neural Networks To Data Mining, Zlatinka Svetoslavova Kovacheva Apr 2025

Application Of Neural Networks To Data Mining, Zlatinka Svetoslavova Kovacheva

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

Data Mining accomplishes nontrivial extraction of implicit, previously unknown, and potentially useful information of data. The aim of data mining is to discover knowledge out of data and present it in a form that is easily comprehensible to humans. Neural Networks are analytic techniques capable of predicting new observations from other observations after executing a process of so-called learning from existing data. Neural Network techniques can also be used as a component of analyses designed to build explanatory models. Now there is neural network software that uses sophisticated algorithms directly contributing to the model building process. The latest developments in …

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Soft Chemistry Routes To New Nanosize Materials, Khaled Melghit Apr 2025

Soft Chemistry Routes To New Nanosize Materials, Khaled Melghit

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

The old classical method for preparing inorganic materials is by the ceramic route or solid state reaction. It consists of mixing the starting materials at an elevated temperature. This method has been used for preparing numerous new materials until today. Three decades ago, the materials science community was aware of soft chemistry synthesis or chimie douce, especially with the emergence of nanotechnology field. Instead of the classical method, which involves high temperature, soft chemistry techniques use lower temperatures. In general, starting materials are dissolved in a liquid phase and different parameters such as pH, temperature and reaction time are adjusted …

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An Overview Of Some Practical Quasi-Newton Methods For Unconstrained Optimization, M. Al-Baali, H. Khalfan Apr 2025

An Overview Of Some Practical Quasi-Newton Methods For Unconstrained Optimization, M. Al-Baali, H. Khalfan

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

Quasi-Newton methods are among the most practical and efficient iterative methods for solving unconstrained minimization problems. In this paper we give an overview of some of these methods with focus primarily on the Hessian approximation updates and modifications aimed at improving their performance.

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Kähler Manifolds Positive Ricci Curvature, Boudjemaa Anchouche Apr 2025

Kähler Manifolds Positive Ricci Curvature, Boudjemaa Anchouche

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

The aim of this paper is to give an overview of some results obtained in the field of Kähler manifolds of positive Ricci curvature.

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Experimental Design For Nonlinear Problems, K.M Abdelbasit Apr 2025

Experimental Design For Nonlinear Problems, K.M Abdelbasit

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

Experimental designs for nonlinear problems have to a large extent relied on optimality criteria originally proposed for linear models. Optimal designs obtained for nonlinear models are functions of the unknown model parameters. They cannot, therefore, be directly implemented without some knowledge of the very parameters whose estimation is sought. The natural way is to adopt a sequential or Bayesian approach. Another is to utilize available estimates or guesses. In this article we provide a brief historical account of the subject, discuss optimality criteria commonly used for nonlinear models, the associated problems and ways of overcoming them. We also discuss issues …

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Screening Of Antioxidant And Radical Scavenging Activities Of Some Omani Medicinal Plants, Saleh Al-Busafi, Mubarak Al-Riyami, Khadija Al-Ouwaisi, Abdulkhader Hisham Apr 2025

Screening Of Antioxidant And Radical Scavenging Activities Of Some Omani Medicinal Plants, Saleh Al-Busafi, Mubarak Al-Riyami, Khadija Al-Ouwaisi, Abdulkhader Hisham

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

n-Butanol extracts of nine medicinal plants, Cressa cretica, Ziziphus spina-christ, Acacia tortilis, Tephrosia haussknechti, Aristolochiae bracteolata, Citrullus colocynthis, Teucrium mascatense, Rhazya stricta and Nerium oleander, found in Oman were screened for their antioxidant activity using phosphomolybdenum complex assays and their radical scavenging activity using DPPH assays. Ocimumi basilicum, a plant with well documented antioxidant activity, was used as a reference. A. tortilis, and T. haussknechti extracts possessed very high antioxidant activity (AOA) and high radical scavenging activity (RSA).

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Limits Of The Efficiency Of Imaging With Obstructing Apertures, A.T. Mohammed Apr 2025

Limits Of The Efficiency Of Imaging With Obstructing Apertures, A.T. Mohammed

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

Two-dimensional numerical solutions are carried out to asses the quality of obstructing apertures in terms of the diffraction limited resolution. This include the quality of the point spread function (psf), the modulation transfer function (MTF), and an image of double lines. These are average intensity of the psf (AI), maximum intensity of the psf,(MI), full width at half maximum of the psf (FW) average frequency components of MTF (AFC), and average side loops of an image of a double lines. The results indicate that the separation of the two lines becomes recognizable using central obstruction of radius equal to or …

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The Direction Of Spontaneous Magnetisation Of Lanthanide Ions At A Site Of Cubic Symmetry, C. Carboni, E. Al-Abry, S. Arafin Apr 2025

The Direction Of Spontaneous Magnetisation Of Lanthanide Ions At A Site Of Cubic Symmetry, C. Carboni, E. Al-Abry, S. Arafin

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

The zero temperature direction of spontaneous magnetisation of lanthanide ions at a site of cubic symmetry is investigated as a function of the electrostatic and magnetic interactions. For all the values of J between J = 3 and J = 8, two-dimensional diagrams giving the orientation of spontaneous magnetisation are obtained as a function of the parameters R representing the relative strength of the magnetic to electrostatic interaction and the parameter x representing the relative strength of the fourth to the sixth order terms in the crystal field. The boundaries between regions of the parameter space with different directions of …

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A Knowledge-Induced Operator Model, M.A. Choudhury, S.I. Zaman, Yaqoub Al-Nassar Apr 2025

A Knowledge-Induced Operator Model, M.A. Choudhury, S.I. Zaman, Yaqoub Al-Nassar

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

Learning systems are in the forefront of analytical investigation in the sciences. In the social sciences they occupy the study of complexity and strongly interactive world-systems. Sometimes they are diversely referred to as symbiotics and semiotics when studied in conjunction with logical expressions. In the mathematical sciences the methodology underlying learning systems with complex behavior is based on formal logic or systems analysis. In this paper relationally learning systems are shown to transcend the space-time domain of scientific investigation into the knowledge dimension. Such a knowledge domain is explained by pervasive interaction leading to integration and followed by continuous evolution …

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A Procedure To Correct Errors In Depth Estimation From Slope Hale Slope Method, Fitian R. Al-Rawi, Ali M. Al-Rahim Apr 2025

A Procedure To Correct Errors In Depth Estimation From Slope Hale Slope Method, Fitian R. Al-Rawi, Ali M. Al-Rahim

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

The novel method named slope half slope for depth estimation of the causative magnetic field proposed by Peters (1949) has been investigated to determine the possible percent errors in depth estimation to magnetic sources situated at different latitudes. A sequence of models represented by thick dykes with various depths and with different values of field inclination (0 to 90°) has been used to estimate the percentage errors for the different inclination values. A procedure to correct the errors in depth estimate has been discussed. The calculated percent errors range between positive and negative values for the same angle of inclination …

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Synchronization And Persistence In Diffusively Coupled Lattice Oscillators, Adu A.M. Wasike, K.T. Rotich Apr 2025

Synchronization And Persistence In Diffusively Coupled Lattice Oscillators, Adu A.M. Wasike, K.T. Rotich

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

We consider the synchronization and persistence of a system of identical lattice oscillators that are diffusively coupled to their nearest neighbours. Each subsystem has a compact global attractor. This is done in the framework of invariant manifold theory. Normal hyperbolicity and its persistence are applied to obtain general conditions for the stability and robustness of the synchronization manifold. AMS(MOS) Subject classifications: 37C80, 37D10.

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Evaluation Of Seminal Fluid Parameters, Reproductive Hormones And Testicular Biopsy For Non-Obstructive Azoospermic Patients With Sertoli Cell Only Syndrome, Naso S. Qhraman, Muhammad-Baqir M-R. Fakhrildin, Dhaher H. Bra Apr 2025

Evaluation Of Seminal Fluid Parameters, Reproductive Hormones And Testicular Biopsy For Non-Obstructive Azoospermic Patients With Sertoli Cell Only Syndrome, Naso S. Qhraman, Muhammad-Baqir M-R. Fakhrildin, Dhaher H. Bra

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

The aims of this study were (i) to determine the seminal fluid parameters, levels of serum reproductive hormones, testicular size and diameter of seminiferous tubules depending on multiple testicular biopsies from non-obstructive azoospermic (NOA) patients, and (ii) to assess the effect of smoking on concentrations of serum reproductive hormones. Thirty four NOA patients were involved in the present study. The selection of patients was based on an average of 2 pelleting seminal analysis, reproductive hormones profile and diagnostic testicular biopsy. A detailed questionnaire was used to obtain a thorough history from the patients. The results of this study showed that …

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Investigation Of Facies Types And Associations Of Kuhlan Red Bed Formation In Nw Yemen: A New Hypothesis For Origin And Depositional Environment, Mohammed A. Al-Wosabi, Sa’Ad Z. Al-Mashaikie Apr 2025

Investigation Of Facies Types And Associations Of Kuhlan Red Bed Formation In Nw Yemen: A New Hypothesis For Origin And Depositional Environment, Mohammed A. Al-Wosabi, Sa’Ad Z. Al-Mashaikie

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

Varieties of thirteen facies types were recognized in the Kuhlan Formation represented by red bed siliciclastic sequences of argillaceous sediments. Examination of the Kuhlan stratigraphic column included sequence relationships, lithology, sedimentary characters, structures and petrography of the dominant rock types. These facies types are grouped in three distinct associations of facies. The lower unit A comprises association of facies (Distal turbidites) represented by alternates of turbidity sequences including sandstone, siltstone and thick shale beds. These facies types confirm a regressive depositional environment in deep marine shelf conditions. There are three facies types which are identified as massive sandstone, cross-bedded sandstone …

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The Time Evolution Of A Constant Mass Of Air Pollutant Emitted By A Point Source, M.H.A. Hassan, I.A. Eltayeb Apr 2025

The Time Evolution Of A Constant Mass Of Air Pollutant Emitted By A Point Source, M.H.A. Hassan, I.A. Eltayeb

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

The transient behaviour of a constant mass (i.e. a blob) of pollutant released from a point source at a height, , above ground level at time is studied. The time dependent atmospheric diffusion equation in the presence of diffusion in both horizontal and vertical directions is used to model the problem. The model is found to be governed by an initial-boundary-value problem for the concentration of the pollutant. The solution is obtained in closed form using integral transform methods. The solution is illustrated graphically using appropriate numerical integrations. As time passes, the pollutant blob moves with a central point of …

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Fabric Preserving And Fabric Destroying Dolomitization: A Case Of Seawater Dolomitization, Alham Jassim Al-Langawi Apr 2025

Fabric Preserving And Fabric Destroying Dolomitization: A Case Of Seawater Dolomitization, Alham Jassim Al-Langawi

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

This study is based on field, petrographic and geochemical investigations of Hajar Supergroup autochthonous rocks: Ruus Al Jibal Group- Musandam Peninsula, and Akhdar Group- Jebel Akhdar, Oman and U.A.E., and para-autochthonous Maqam Formation-Sumeini Group-Jebel Sumeini-U.A.E. Petrographic evidence indicates that the rocks were deposited in a shallow marine shelf environment, particularly tidal flat, lagoon, reef, back-reef and shoal environments that were part of the Arabian Platform during Permian and Triassic times. However, they are almost entirely dolomitized and the rocks show different petrographic features ranging from perfect preservation of original texture by mimetic dolomitization to complete obliteration and destruction of the …

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Specific Heat Of Dy.40 Cu.37 Y.23 Amorphous Alloy At Low Temperatures, K.A. Mohammed Apr 2025

Specific Heat Of Dy.40 Cu.37 Y.23 Amorphous Alloy At Low Temperatures, K.A. Mohammed

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

The low temperature specific heat of the magnetic Dy0.40Cu0.37Y0.23 amorphous alloy have been investigated in the temperature range 2 to 50 K. The magnetic contributions to the specific heat, magnetic entropy changes, ordering temperatures and the effective magnetic spin have been estimated for this magnetic amorphous alloy. The magnetic specific heat show broad anomaly at a certain temperature, Tm of about 28 K. The value of Tm is higher than Tf (=23.5 K) determined from low field ac susceptibility measurements. The magnetic entropy changes between 0 K and Tm are estimated to be 84 % of the maximum theoretical value. …

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Two New Measures Of Fuzzy Divergence And Their Properties, Om Parkash, P.K. Sharma, Subhash Kumar Apr 2025

Two New Measures Of Fuzzy Divergence And Their Properties, Om Parkash, P.K. Sharma, Subhash Kumar

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

Several measures of directed divergence and their corresponding measures of fuzzy divergence are available in the exiting literature. Two new measures of fuzzy divergence have been developed and their desirable properties have been discussed.

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Harmful Algal Blooms: Physiology, Behavior, Population Dynamics And Global Impacts- A Review, H.M. Al-Ghelani, A.Y.A Alkindi, S. Amer, Y.K Al-Akhzami Apr 2025

Harmful Algal Blooms: Physiology, Behavior, Population Dynamics And Global Impacts- A Review, H.M. Al-Ghelani, A.Y.A Alkindi, S. Amer, Y.K Al-Akhzami

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

Harmful, toxic algae are now considered as one of the important players in the newly emerging environmental risk factors. The apparent global increase in harmful algal blooms (HABs) is becoming a serious problem in both aquaculture and fisheries populations. Not only has the magnitude and intensity of public health and economic impacts of these blooms increased in recent years, but the number of geographic locations experiencing toxic algal blooms has also increased dramatically. There are two primary factors causing HABs outbreaks. The natural processes such as upwelling and relaxation, and the anthropogenic loading resulting in eutrophication. However, the influence of …

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Effect Of Cumulus Cell Co-Culture And Protein Supplement On Success Of In Vitro Fertilization And Development Of Pre-Implanted Embryos In Mice, Muhammad-Baqir M-R. Fakhrildin, Institute For Embryo Research And Infertility Treatment, University Of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq Apr 2025

Effect Of Cumulus Cell Co-Culture And Protein Supplement On Success Of In Vitro Fertilization And Development Of Pre-Implanted Embryos In Mice, Muhammad-Baqir M-R. Fakhrildin, Institute For Embryo Research And Infertility Treatment, University Of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

Successful oocyte fertilization and normal embryonic development of mice were considered the most important diagnostic criteria for the safety of materials and tools used for human in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Therefore, we studied the influence of cumulus cells co-culture and protein supplement within culture medium on percentages of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and normal development of early stages of mouse embryo later. Oocytes were collected and treated with hyaluronidase to remove cumulus cells. Oocytes were divided into four groups namely: Group-1: Oocytes incubated within modified Earl’s medium (MEM) supplied with 10% inactivated bovine amniotic fluid as a …

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Circulating Hormone Levels In Hatchlings Of Green Turtle, Chelonia Mydas, From Ras Al-Hadd Reserve, Oman, A. Y. A. Alkindi Apr 2025

Circulating Hormone Levels In Hatchlings Of Green Turtle, Chelonia Mydas, From Ras Al-Hadd Reserve, Oman, A. Y. A. Alkindi

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

Post-hatching levels of plasma estradiol (E2), Progesterone (Pro), testosterone (T), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and thyroxine (T4) were monitored in hatchlings of Green Turtle, Chelonia mydas immediately after emergence. Eggs were collected at random from 5 nests. The eggs were placed in incubators 16 hr after oviposition set at 26-27oC for male producing hatchlings and at 30-31oC for female producing hatchlings. Blood was collected after sacrifice. Chemiluminescence immunoassay was used for determination of plasma hormone levels, using Beckman Coulter Access-2-immunoassay and reagents (Beckman Coulter, Inc.). Sex was determined from histological examination of gonads. In males, plasma T levels …

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Conditional Fault-Diameter Of Torus Networks, Abderezak Touzene, Khaled Day Apr 2025

Conditional Fault-Diameter Of Torus Networks, Abderezak Touzene, Khaled Day

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

We obtain the conditional fault-diameter of the square torus interconnection network under the condition of forbidden faulty sets (i.e. assuming that each non-faulty processor has at least one non-faulty neighbor). We show that under this condition, the square torus, whose connectivity is 4, can tolerate up to 5 faulty nodes without becoming disconnected. The conditional node connectivity is, therefore, 6. We also show that the conditional fault-diameter of the square torus is equal to the fault-free diameter plus two. With this result the torus joins a group of interconnection networks (including the hypercube and the star-graph) whose conditional fault-diameter has …

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The Conditional Fault-Diameter Of The K-Ary N-Cube, Khaled Day, Abderezak Touzene Apr 2025

The Conditional Fault-Diameter Of The K-Ary N-Cube, Khaled Day, Abderezak Touzene

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

We obtain the conditional fault diameter of the k-ary n-cube interconnection network. It has been previously shown that under the condition of forbidden faulty sets (i.e. assuming each non-faulty node has at least one non-faulty neighbor), the k-ary n-cube, whose connectivity is 2n, can tolerate up to 4n-3 faulty nodes without becoming disconnected. We extend this result by showing that the conditional fault-diameter of the k-ary n-cube is equal to the fault-free diameter plus two. This means that if there are at most 4n-3 faulty nodes in the k-ary n-cube and if every non-faulty node has at least one non-faulty …

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Realization In Generalized State Space Form For 2-D Polynomial System Matrices, M.S. Boudellioua, B. Chentouf Apr 2025

Realization In Generalized State Space Form For 2-D Polynomial System Matrices, M.S. Boudellioua, B. Chentouf

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

In this paper, a direct realization procedure is presented that brings a general 2-D polynomial system matrix to generalized state space (GSS) form, such that all the relevant properties including the zero structure of the system matrix are retained. It is shown that the transformation linking the original 2-D polynomial system matrix with its associated GSS form is zero coprime system equivalence. The exact nature of the resulting system matrix in GSS form and the transformation involved are established.

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The Performance Of Step-Wise Group Screening Designs, M.M. Manene, Simwa Simwa Apr 2025

The Performance Of Step-Wise Group Screening Designs, M.M. Manene, Simwa Simwa

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

In this paper we evaluate the performance of step-wise group screening designs in which group-factors contain an equal number of factors in the initial step. A usual assumption in group screening designs is that the directions of possible effects are known a-priori. In practice, however, this assumption is unreasonable. We shall examine step-wise group screening designs without errors in observations when this assumption is relaxed. We shall consider cancellations of effects within group-factors. The performance of step-wise group-screening designs shall then be compared with the performance of multistage group screening designs.

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Employment Of Some Parameters To Enhance Laser-Drilling Of Aluminum, Oday A. Hamadi Apr 2025

Employment Of Some Parameters To Enhance Laser-Drilling Of Aluminum, Oday A. Hamadi

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

In this work, some parameters affecting drilling of aluminum samples by a pulsed Nd:YAG laser were studied. These parameters are multi-pulses irradiation, controlling sample temperature, low-pressure ambient and application of electric field on the sample. Results presented in this work explained that these parameters can enhance drilling process throughout increasing hole depth in aluminum samples at the same laser energy used for irradiation.

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Thermal Effects On The Body Mass, Transpiration Rate, Feeding And Food Conversion Of The Pillbug Armadillo Officinalis (Isopoda, Oniscidea) Fed On The Dry Leaf Of Punica Granatum, Abdelgader K. Youssef, Achuthan Nair Apr 2025

Thermal Effects On The Body Mass, Transpiration Rate, Feeding And Food Conversion Of The Pillbug Armadillo Officinalis (Isopoda, Oniscidea) Fed On The Dry Leaf Of Punica Granatum, Abdelgader K. Youssef, Achuthan Nair

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

Observations were made on the body mass; transpiration rate; assimilation efficiency; gross and net production efficiencies; feeding, assimilation, conversion and metabolic rates of the pillbug Armadillo officinalis Dumeril acclimatized at 14º and 21 °C for 15 days and fed on the dry leaf of Punica granatum (Pomegranate). A brief description is given on the chemical composition of P. granatum leaf. The difference in body mass increments of A. officinalis between the acclimatized temperatures was not significant (t = 1.09; p>0.05). However, significant differences were discernible on the transpiration rate (t = 9.53; p<0.01), moisture (t = 9.01; p<0.01), assimilation efficiency (t = 5.16; p<0.01), feeding (t = 3.76; p<0.05) and conversion (t = 2.58; p<0.05) rates between the woodlice acclimatized at 14º and 21 °C. Better feeding of P. granatum leaf by these animals was observed at 21° C, but better assimilation efficiency at 14 °C. Only 3.21% assimilated food at 14° C and 6.30% at 21 °C were converted into the production of new tissues. The food consumption of A. officinalis at 14º and 21° C was 2.05% and 3.79% body mass/day respectively. The effect of temperature on the activity of A. officinalis in the field is discussed.

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Isolation Of Aristolochic Acids From Aristolochia Bracteolata And Studies Of Their Antioxidant Activities, Saleh Al-Busafi, Munir Al-Harthi, Bushra Al-Sabahi Apr 2025

Isolation Of Aristolochic Acids From Aristolochia Bracteolata And Studies Of Their Antioxidant Activities, Saleh Al-Busafi, Munir Al-Harthi, Bushra Al-Sabahi

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

The isolation and structural elucidation of aristolochic acid-A and aristolochic acid-D from Omani Aristolochia bracteolata plant is reported. Antioxidant activities of these two natural products were evaluated for their capacity to reduce Mo(VI) to Mo(V). The study revealed that aristolochic acid-D is more active than vitamin C while aristolochic acid-A has activity similar to vitamin C.

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Xanthotoxin And Other Furanocoumarins As Phytoalexins In Pastinaca Sativa L. Roots, Fatma M. Al-Barwani, Elsadig A. Eltayeb Apr 2025

Xanthotoxin And Other Furanocoumarins As Phytoalexins In Pastinaca Sativa L. Roots, Fatma M. Al-Barwani, Elsadig A. Eltayeb

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

Our results confirm the presence of the furanocoumarins psoralen, xanthotoxin, isopimpinellin, angelicin and bergapten as normal constituents of Pastinaca sativa roots. However, the amounts of these compounds were increased in induced roots. The amount of increase in the induced roots varied depending on the inducing agent and time of incubation. In addition the results show for the first time the presence of pimpinellin and isobergapten as constitutive antifungal compounds in P. sativa roots.

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Solution Of A Nonlinear Functional Equation, Valery C. Covachev, H. Ali Yurtsever Apr 2025

Solution Of A Nonlinear Functional Equation, Valery C. Covachev, H. Ali Yurtsever

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

In the present paper a generalization of a theorem of I.B. Risteski (2004) concerning the solution of a nonlinear functional equation is given. The proof is based on a parametric approach by introducing a parameter in an arbitrary set , and on a matrix method for solving linear functional equations.

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Optimal Control Of Switching Linear Systems, Ali Benmerzouga Apr 2025

Optimal Control Of Switching Linear Systems, Ali Benmerzouga

Sultan Qaboos University Journal For Science

A solution to the control of switching linear systems with input constraints was given in Benmerzouga (1997) for both the conventional enumeration approach and the new approach. The solution given there turned out to be not unique. The main objective in this work is to determine the optimal control sequences {Ui(k) , i = 1,..., M ; k = 0, 1, ..., N -1} which transfer the system from a given initial state X0 to a specific target state XT (or to be as close as possible) by using the same discrete time solution obtained in Benmerzouga (1997) and minimizing …

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