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Articles 201361 - 201390 of 5161297

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From Nil To Enrollment: How Nil Agreements Shape College Choices For Top Men’S Basketball And Football Prospects, Will Trantham, Kate Wilson, Grace Shaw, Bruna Gebaili Sampaio Apr 2025

From Nil To Enrollment: How Nil Agreements Shape College Choices For Top Men’S Basketball And Football Prospects, Will Trantham, Kate Wilson, Grace Shaw, Bruna Gebaili Sampaio

Liberty University Research Week

This study deeply examines how NIL deals have impacted the chosen University of attendance for 5-star men’s basketball and football athletes. The recruitment of high-profile athletes to universities across the country has been greatly altered with the addition of NIL to the college landscape. The process of reaching a conclusion on where to attend school seems to have greatly changed from academic prowess and facilities to guaranteed money and personal brand exposure. Through this study, we will be conducting in depth Zoom interviews with former recruits that are now currently attending college. We will then use those gathered responses and …

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Effects Of Tens On Chronic Lower Back Pain In The General Population: A Critically Appraised Topic, Mia Bowers, David Titcomb, Mary-Ashlynne Gordon Apr 2025

Effects Of Tens On Chronic Lower Back Pain In The General Population: A Critically Appraised Topic, Mia Bowers, David Titcomb, Mary-Ashlynne Gordon

Liberty University Research Week

Clinical scenario: Chronic lower back pain (CLBP) affects approximately 70% of the population today.1 Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is often used for pain management of CLBP along with other treatments. However, the effect of TENS by itself is inconclusive. Clinical question: In the general population, what are the effects of TENS on chronic lower back pain? Summary of Key Findings: Patients that received TENS reported a decrease in perceived pain levels. Clinical bottom line: TENS was effective in the immediate pain relief of CLBP at a carrier frequency of 4KHz and an amplitude-modulation frequency of 100Hz. Additionally, it showed …

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Pediatric Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: Healthcare Provider Education, Esther Maclean Apr 2025

Pediatric Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: Healthcare Provider Education, Esther Maclean

Liberty University Research Week

This theoretical study will look at the symptoms, possible treatments, and diagnosis criteria of pediatric patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). POTS is a form of dysfunction within the autonomic nervous system. Because POTS is a nervous system disease it causes symptoms to present throughout the body. These symptoms including tachycardia, dizziness, pre-syncope, syncope, brain fog, exercise intolerance, and gastrointestinal changes. The goal of this study is to increase the provider education surrounding POTS. By increasing the provider education, it will help increase the accuracy at which POTS is diagnosed. It will help avoid incorrect diagnosis for patients who …

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Investigating Infestation Of Invasive Adelges Tsugae In Local Hemlock Populations, Zachary Nelson, Emma Klein, Jordan Tennis Apr 2025

Investigating Infestation Of Invasive Adelges Tsugae In Local Hemlock Populations, Zachary Nelson, Emma Klein, Jordan Tennis

Liberty University Research Week

Background: Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (HWA, Adelges tsugae) is an invasive insect from Asia, infesting hemlock trees across the eastern United States. HWA causes defoliation and eventual mortality in hemlock species. Little control exists, but continual monitoring is necessary both nationwide and in our own backyard. Methods: As an observational study, we will determine where hemlock groves exist on Liberty University’s campus. Upon arrival to a tree, we will determine infestation using previous studies and overall canopy loss using a light meter. Results: Unfortunately, we expect 90% of hemlock trees to be infested with HWA. We expect to find significant needle …

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Infant Mortality In The Democratic Republic Of Congo: Public Health And Theological Perspectives, Samy Tshileu Apr 2025

Infant Mortality In The Democratic Republic Of Congo: Public Health And Theological Perspectives, Samy Tshileu

Liberty University Research Week

Infant mortality remains a significant public health challenge globally, particularly in lower and middle-income regions such as Africa. Despite several global initiatives aimed at reducing infant mortality, it continues to disproportionately affect these regions, with the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) being one of the countries with the highest rates. According to the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation1, DRC ranks among the top ten countries worldwide in terms of infant mortality rates, with the eastern region, particularly South Kivu, contributing significantly to this crisis. This study aims to explore the various factors contributing to infant mortality in …

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The Benefits And Concerns Of Video Remote Interpreting (Vri) For Ddeaf Patients In The Current Medical Setting In Virginia, Abigail Newman Apr 2025

The Benefits And Concerns Of Video Remote Interpreting (Vri) For Ddeaf Patients In The Current Medical Setting In Virginia, Abigail Newman

Liberty University Research Week

Since the late 1990s, video remote interpreting (VRI) for dDeaf patients has been available and used sporadically in the US medical setting. However, the COVID quarantine period produced a critical clinical situation in which the use of VRI for dDeaf patients skyrocketed throughout medical centers across the country. Several American Sign Language interpreters modified their services or switched entirely to remote interpreting, health facilities invested in handheld video devices and screens, and several commercial remote interpreting services were expanded. However, now that the COVID period has dissipated and the clinical interview setting has returned to a “norm” with few restrictions, …

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Understanding The Lived Experiences Of Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Families: A Phenomenological Study Of Transition Planning And Post-Graduation Outcomes, Tamara Martinez-Fernandez Apr 2025

Understanding The Lived Experiences Of Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Families: A Phenomenological Study Of Transition Planning And Post-Graduation Outcomes, Tamara Martinez-Fernandez

Liberty University Research Week

This study investigated the impact of understanding the lived experiences of culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) families throughout the transition planning process of students with disabilities as they prepared for adulthood. The history of special education is shocking, heartbreaking, and exposed the often-deplorable conditions of the human experience simply for being born different. Considering that there are more CLD students in the United States than before, there were limited findings that addressed the transition planning experiences of CLD families compared to their White counterparts. The aim of the research was to answer the question: What are the lived experiences of …

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Hope As A Vital Sign In Behavioral Healthcare, John Paul Fryrear, Avari Mason, Isaac Uehling, Madison Winstead, Zachary Doby Apr 2025

Hope As A Vital Sign In Behavioral Healthcare, John Paul Fryrear, Avari Mason, Isaac Uehling, Madison Winstead, Zachary Doby

Liberty University Research Week

Hope is an imperative factor in all areas of life and can act as a vital sign for retention and continuity in many different areas, including academics, the workplace, substance use recovery, and counseling. Current research on the nature of hope has centered around goal orientation and pathway engagement (Snyder et al., 1991). While vital to hope, these two facets of hope's nature do not completely capture or measure the wide scope of the multifaceted concept of hope. Through crowdsourcing and preliminary instrument development, our study defines different levels of hope through six powers: will power, why power, we power, …

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An Overview Of Ghana’S Investment Opportunities For Virginia Businesses, Benjamin Ellis Apr 2025

An Overview Of Ghana’S Investment Opportunities For Virginia Businesses, Benjamin Ellis

Liberty University Research Week

Ghana and the US have a strong history of partnership in trade and investment. While Ghana's economy is currently navigating some challenges, the country is on an overall positive trajectory of growth. To foster trade between the US and Ghana, both countries must work together to identify viable opportunities and recognize potential risks. In addition, the US and Ghana must find common ground and develop local partnerships to ensure mutually beneficial trade agreements. The purpose of this project is to identify viable investment opportunities in Ghana and begin facilitating connections between these opportunities and Virginia businesses. Specifically, Ghana has investment …

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Classroom Management: Observations And Interviews At The Secondary Level, Jordan Carter Apr 2025

Classroom Management: Observations And Interviews At The Secondary Level, Jordan Carter

Liberty University Research Week

Proper classroom management is crucial for teacher effectiveness, and teacher effectiveness is crucial for student success (Wong & Wong, 2018). This truth is inclusive of all grade levels, including the sixth through twelfth grades, those grades known collectively as "secondary education." This study sought to answer the question: “How do secondary teachers practically incorporate age-appropriate routines, procedures, and other classroom management strategies into their classrooms? The first part of the study involved the observation of three individual classrooms of varying grade levels, student populations, and subject material at Liberty Christian Academy, a local K-12 school. The three teachers that led …

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A Transcendental Phenomenological Study Exploring The Social Identity Experiences Of Male Teachers Of Color In The Male Scholarship Program, Tamisha Sales Apr 2025

A Transcendental Phenomenological Study Exploring The Social Identity Experiences Of Male Teachers Of Color In The Male Scholarship Program, Tamisha Sales

Liberty University Research Week

The purpose of this phenomenological study is to understand the social identity experiences for male teachers of color in the Male Scholarship Program at North Valley University. The theory guiding this study was Tajfel and Turner’s social identity theory as it explained the social cognitive process that individuals use in considering joining or exiting a group. Using the social identity theory, this study attempted to answer the central research question: What are the social identity experiences of male teachers of color participating in the Male Scholarship Program? This transcendental phenomenology study used purposeful sampling to recruit participants and collected data …

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Leadership Style: A Patient Outcome Make Or Break Of Care, Kathryn Duke Apr 2025

Leadership Style: A Patient Outcome Make Or Break Of Care, Kathryn Duke

Liberty University Research Week

Inquiry was cultivated by the immersion of Oncology patient care and dynamics within an externship and clinical experience. Observations were made regarding various team interactions, and leadership styles regarding the subsequential leadership care. It overall prompted the motivation to delve into further literature and research reviews. A PubMed systemic review journal “88% showed a positive or negative statistically significant correlation between leadership style and nurses’ job satisfaction to perform patient care. The transformational style had the greatest positive correlation in 9 out of 9 of cases” (Speechia, Cozzolino, Carini, et.al, 2021). The need for leadership transformation within the healthcare system …

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The Effects Of Bee Products Compared With Performance-Enhancing Drinks On Endurance Performance In Runners: A Critically Appraised Topic, Lauren Rohrer Apr 2025

The Effects Of Bee Products Compared With Performance-Enhancing Drinks On Endurance Performance In Runners: A Critically Appraised Topic, Lauren Rohrer

Liberty University Research Week

Clinical Scenario: Sports drinks (SPDs) are commonly used to enhance endurance performance in runners. However, these drinks contain artificial ingredients, and research has been done on the ergogenic effects of bee products as a healthier alternative to SPDs. Focused Clinical Question: In long-distance runners, what are the ergogenic effects of bee product supplementation compared to performance-enhancing drink supplementation on endurance performance? Summary of Key Findings: The authors of a high-quality study found that bee bread (BB) supplementation had a greater effect on running endurance performance than maltodextrin, while the authors of 2 lesser-quality studies found that Acacia honey drink (H) …

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The Effects Of Progressive Resistance Training On Muscular Strength In Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Critically Appraised Topic, Elizabeth Byrum, Saige Knapton Apr 2025

The Effects Of Progressive Resistance Training On Muscular Strength In Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Critically Appraised Topic, Elizabeth Byrum, Saige Knapton

Liberty University Research Week

Clinical Scenario: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a brain injury occurring during pregnancy, birth, or shortly after birth that causes stiff muscles and uncontrolled reflexes. There are currently no cures for CP, however, many therapies can aid in muscle stretching, yet disregard muscle strengthening and the prevention of atrophy. Focused Clinical Question: What are the effects of progressive resistance training on muscular strength and mobility in children with cerebral palsy? Summary of Key Findings: Progressive resistance training is best for preventing muscle atrophy and weakness due to skeletal muscle being most adaptive to mechanical load. One of the high-quality studies showed …

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Mental Health Stigma: Promoting Compassionate Care In The U.S. Healthcare System, Wuraola Awosan, Akuchinyere Onyinyechukwu Titus Okpanachi, Fredrick Olusegun Akinyosoye, Perseverance Nothando Moyo Apr 2025

Mental Health Stigma: Promoting Compassionate Care In The U.S. Healthcare System, Wuraola Awosan, Akuchinyere Onyinyechukwu Titus Okpanachi, Fredrick Olusegun Akinyosoye, Perseverance Nothando Moyo

Liberty University Research Week

Introduction/Background: Individuals with mental health disorders frequently contend with societal misconceptions regarding their conditions, leading to stigma, even within the healthcare system. Mental health stigma in the U.S. healthcare system occurs primarily at two levels: interpersonal and structural. This stigma profoundly influences the type and quality of care provided to individuals with mental health illnesses, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality, delayed treatment, and reduced quality of life. This study aims to evaluate how mental health stigma manifests at both the interpersonal and structural levels in the American healthcare system. Methods: A systematic literature review approach was adopted. Literature was …

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Mechanisms Of Behavioral Change In Hosts Of Toxoplasma Gondii: A Review, Olivia Grimsley, David Rockabrand Apr 2025

Mechanisms Of Behavioral Change In Hosts Of Toxoplasma Gondii: A Review, Olivia Grimsley, David Rockabrand

Liberty University Research Week

The parasite Toxoplasma gondii is a highly ubiquitous parasite that latently infects an estimated 33% percent of the global population. Toxoplasmosis is of obvious clinical significance due to the extremely high risks to the unborn who contract it congenitally. Less attention has been given to a more subtle aspect of latent infection, which is the behavioral alterations that are commonly experienced by those who contract the parasite. Infected individuals common display a variety of altered behaviors, such as increased aggression and risk-seeking behaviors, depression, higher tendency towards suicide and self-directed violence, a loss of fear response, and a greatly increased …

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Effects Of Dry Needling On Plantar Heel Pain: A Critically Appraised Topic, Elise Cauthen, Emma Rivas, Julia Mangum Apr 2025

Effects Of Dry Needling On Plantar Heel Pain: A Critically Appraised Topic, Elise Cauthen, Emma Rivas, Julia Mangum

Liberty University Research Week

Plantar heel pain affects approximately 10% of the general population, with various treatments proposed to alleviate symptoms, the most common being stretching and taping. However, the evidence supporting these modalities remains inconclusive, as studies have yielded mixed results regarding their effectiveness in managing the condition. This critically appraised topic investigates the question, in patients with plantar heel pain, does dry needling of myofascial trigger points improve pain and function compared to other treatments (e.g., stretching, foot taping, anti-inflammatory injections)? All three studies demonstrated a significant reduction in perceived pain for individuals who received dry needling. One study, which compared dry …

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Anuran Use Of Old Lake Habitat Versus New Lake Expansion, Joshua Sorenson, Corbin Denton, Kaitlyn Hopkins, Keaton Dowdy, Matthew Becker, Paul Sattler, Rachel Weaver Apr 2025

Anuran Use Of Old Lake Habitat Versus New Lake Expansion, Joshua Sorenson, Corbin Denton, Kaitlyn Hopkins, Keaton Dowdy, Matthew Becker, Paul Sattler, Rachel Weaver

Liberty University Research Week

The enlargement of the Hydaway Lake presents amphibian species present in the lake new areas and habitats to explore and live in. This will be the first breeding season that the new portion of the lake will contain water, so this study is to look at how anurans utilize this habitat. Some species we expect to find in early spring, are the Wood Frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) and the American Toad (Anaxyrus americanus) which are very opportunistic as well as other species such as Spring Peepers and Pickerel Frogs. We hypothesize that the old habitat will have increased vocalizations and egg …

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Evaluating Bird Diversity Dynamics: A Pre- And Post-Lake Expansion Survey, Elizabeth Williams, Ariana Cardenas, Cassandra Maart, Eugene Sattler, Kevin Cook, Matthew Becker, Sarah Streetman Apr 2025

Evaluating Bird Diversity Dynamics: A Pre- And Post-Lake Expansion Survey, Elizabeth Williams, Ariana Cardenas, Cassandra Maart, Eugene Sattler, Kevin Cook, Matthew Becker, Sarah Streetman

Liberty University Research Week

Lake expansion is a common environmental management practice that can significantly impact local ecosystems, including avian communities. Previous research has demonstrated that factors such as lake size, vegetation cover, food availability, and shoreline characteristics positively influence bird diversity and density. The expansion of the lake at Camp Hydaway provides a unique opportunity to see how bird diversity has changed compared to pre-lake expansion historical data. We hypothesize that the lake expansion will result in increased bird diversity and density, particularly among waterfowl species. To test this hypothesis, we will conduct point counts at designated observation sites and deploy trail cameras …

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The Impact Of The Presidential Inauguration On The Hospitlaity Industry, Jadynn Blackstone Eye, Abigail Baker, Emily Mccormick, Gwendolyn Liptak Apr 2025

The Impact Of The Presidential Inauguration On The Hospitlaity Industry, Jadynn Blackstone Eye, Abigail Baker, Emily Mccormick, Gwendolyn Liptak

Liberty University Research Week

The research titled The Impact of the Presidential Inauguration on the Hospitality Industry: An Analysis of Economic Gains for the Industry examines how high-profile political event influences the hospitality sector, particularly in terms of revenue generation, occupancy rates, and service demand. The study hypothesizes that presidential inaugurations lead to significant economic benefits for hotels, restaurants, and related businesses due to increased tourism and large-scale event planning. The central research question explores: To what extent does the presidential inauguration drive economic gains within the hospitality industry? Existing literature suggests that major political and sporting events boost local economies, particularly in tourism …

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The Effects Of Regular Exercise Compared To Standard Care Alone On Postpartum Depression In Women: A Critically Appraised Topic, Brooke Mcduffee, Abigail Jensen Apr 2025

The Effects Of Regular Exercise Compared To Standard Care Alone On Postpartum Depression In Women: A Critically Appraised Topic, Brooke Mcduffee, Abigail Jensen

Liberty University Research Week

Childbirth can cause a variety of different emotions, joy to anxiety, excitement to fear and can also cause postpartum depression. Postpartum depression is a depressive episode that begins in or extends into the postpartum period and is a major concern for new mothers.2 It affects approximately 10-16% of women annually and can be seen within the first few days after delivery and symptoms can last up to a year postdelivery.3,4 These symptoms can be triggered because of psychological, social, or biological stressors and all the hormonal changes in the body. Typically, postpartum depression is usually diagnosed within six weeks of …

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Ai Applications In Sports: Evaluating Adoption Among Lu Student-Athletes, Gozde Sezgun, Randall Eaker, Yiming Ji Apr 2025

Ai Applications In Sports: Evaluating Adoption Among Lu Student-Athletes, Gozde Sezgun, Randall Eaker, Yiming Ji

Liberty University Research Week

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the sports industry, offering advanced tools for performance analytics, training optimization, and injury prevention. While AI-driven technologies such as video analysis, biometric wearables, and predictive modeling have been widely adopted in professional sports, their integration within collegiate athletics remains underexplored (Wang et al., 2024). Figure 1 illustrates AI’s role in processing data streams, while Figures 2 and 3 highlight AI-driven training, injury prediction, real-time performance forecast and decision-making frameworks. Despite increasing interest in AI applications in sports, limited research investigates how these tools are utilized in student-athlete training and competition. Understanding AI adoption among collegiate …

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The Impact Of Tabletop Pos Systems On Restaurant Servers' Tip Amounts, Grace Shellhart, Addison Maday, Grant Thomas, Kyunam Kim Apr 2025

The Impact Of Tabletop Pos Systems On Restaurant Servers' Tip Amounts, Grace Shellhart, Addison Maday, Grant Thomas, Kyunam Kim

Liberty University Research Week

This study investigates how tabletop point-of-sale (POS) systems impact the server’s tips compared to having the check come to the table. Servers who have had tabletop POS systems come into their workplace have thought they have felt a decrease in tips because of these systems, but no research has been done on this exact topic before to validate or invalidate those feelings. This is why this study will answer the question of, “How does the use of a tabletop POS system affect restaurant server’s tip amount?” This question will be answered by a qualitative study with a quasi-experimental design, done …

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A Survey Of Freshwater Mussels In Opossum Creek, Jonathan Schreck, Kyle Harris Apr 2025

A Survey Of Freshwater Mussels In Opossum Creek, Jonathan Schreck, Kyle Harris

Liberty University Research Week

This poster outlines the theoretical research process for surveying the freshwater mussels in Opossum Creek. It provides relevant background information about mussels in Virginia, outlines the research process and expected results, and provides directions for future study.

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"Reasons Why Collegiate Football Athletes Enter The Transfer Portal", Sage Crane, Andrew Frasco, Okechukwu Osuji Apr 2025

"Reasons Why Collegiate Football Athletes Enter The Transfer Portal", Sage Crane, Andrew Frasco, Okechukwu Osuji

Liberty University Research Week

The increasing trend of collegiate football players entering the transfer portal has piqued significant interest in recent years, yet little is understood about the specific reasons behind these decisions. This study aims to investigate the primary factors influencing why collegiate football players decide to enter the transfer portal. The research question guiding this study is: “What are the primary factors in the reasons that collegiate football athletes enter the transfer portal?” Our hypothesis posits that there are identifiable primary factors in the reasons why collegiate football athletes enter the transfer portal. Using a probability sampling method, the study will gather …

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Second Modality Implications On The Second Language Acquisition Of Asl/English Interpreting Students, Eden Svoboda Apr 2025

Second Modality Implications On The Second Language Acquisition Of Asl/English Interpreting Students, Eden Svoboda

Liberty University Research Week

American Sign Language (ASL) takes seven years to gain fluency, meaning ASL/English interpreting (ASLI) students in four-year programs are potentially not fully prepared upon graduation. While there is barely adequate research presenting the differences in learning a second language (L2) as a new modality compared to the same modality of the first language (L1), insufficient research exists detailing the implications of these differences on ASLI students and how to compensate for them. This theoretical qualitative study is aimed at revealing the implications of learning a new modality alongside a second language (L2M2) for ASLI students in four-year programs. Quasi-structured yet …

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Importance Of Visual Sign Language Bibles For An Unreached People Group, Ellie Fogarty, Nicolette Velasquez Apr 2025

Importance Of Visual Sign Language Bibles For An Unreached People Group, Ellie Fogarty, Nicolette Velasquez

Liberty University Research Week

An estimated 98% of the dDeaf Community has yet to embrace Christianity, due to the lack of accessible biblical resources in their native language. In 2020, Deaf Missions, an organization dedicated to evangelizing to dDeaf Communities, completed the first American Sign Language Bible (ASLV). This pivotal work provides the dDeaf American Sign Language users, with access to Scripture in their primary mode of communication. Despite its significance, research on the impact of ASLV remains limited. The researcher aims to address the research question: “What is the importance and impact of visual sign language Bibles for the dDeaf Community?” This qualitative …

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Assessing The Impact Of Youth Sport Participation On Social Anxiety Levels Among Adolescents Ages 9-13, Caleb Weissinger, Alexandria Moore, Jonathan Edwards, Matthew Alcantar, Nathan Hamilton Apr 2025

Assessing The Impact Of Youth Sport Participation On Social Anxiety Levels Among Adolescents Ages 9-13, Caleb Weissinger, Alexandria Moore, Jonathan Edwards, Matthew Alcantar, Nathan Hamilton

Liberty University Research Week

This quantitative research proposal is designed to discover and observe any effects on the social anxiety and wellbeing of adolescents from ages 9-13 based on participation in youth sport. According to the authors of the article “What to Know About Youth Anxiety,” recent years have seen a significant rise in rates of social anxiety in this age group. The research is aimed to find out if there is correlation between the rise in youth social anxiety and the positive and negative effects that result from participating in youth sport. This study will require randomly selecting children, both male and female, …

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Resiliency And The Effect On Recovery Time In The Athletes Affected By Sport-Related Concussion: A Critically Appraised Topic, Megan Dombrowski Apr 2025

Resiliency And The Effect On Recovery Time In The Athletes Affected By Sport-Related Concussion: A Critically Appraised Topic, Megan Dombrowski

Liberty University Research Week

Clinical scenario: Mental health has been shown to have a direct correlation to the physical well-being and performance of athletes. Resiliency is a newer psychological construct that assesses one’s ability to “bounce back” from adversity. Focused Clinical Question: Do resiliency scores correlate to the recovery/return to play time of sports-related concussions in adolescent/young adult athletes? Summary of Key Findings: All three articles found that there is a correlation between low resiliency scores and longer return to play times in adolescents/young adults with sport-related concussions. Clinical Bottom Line/Strength of Recommendation: Grade B evidence found that there is a statistically significance in …

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The Effectiveness Of Therapeutic Diathermy Compared To Therapeutic Ultrasound On Decreasing Pain Associated With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Critically Appraised Topic, Carter Zimmerman, Rhayl Danfer Gray, Robert Bonser Apr 2025

The Effectiveness Of Therapeutic Diathermy Compared To Therapeutic Ultrasound On Decreasing Pain Associated With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Critically Appraised Topic, Carter Zimmerman, Rhayl Danfer Gray, Robert Bonser

Liberty University Research Week

Clinical Scenario: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is typically more experienced in older populations and conservative treatment strategies favor ultrasound as a treatment option. In the past thermal diathermy was used more frequently as a treatment method before ultrasound was more widely administered. However, there is no conclusive evidence stating which treatment method is more beneficial. Focused Clinical Question: Is diathermy as effective or more effective as ultrasound in reducing symptoms in patients suffering with KOA? Summary of Key Findings: All three studies showed no significant difference in WOMAC scores between subjects who received diathermy compared to those who received ultrasound. One …

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