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April 25, 2025 Minutes, Swosu Faculty Senate Apr 2025

April 25, 2025 Minutes, Swosu Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Minutes

No abstract provided.

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Newborn Senses, Ryan Bennett, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Newborn Senses, Ryan Bennett, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

When babies are born, they possess all five senses-taste, hearing, sight, touch and smell; however, some senses are more developed than others. Newborns had previously been an enigma to scientists and little was known about their intelligence, motives, and capabilities. Neuroscientists are now able to map out a timeline of when senses are developed during and after gestation; this has given the scientific community and parents everywhere a better understanding of newborns and their ability to process their environment.

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Newborn Reflexes, Ryan Bennett, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Newborn Reflexes, Ryan Bennett, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Reflexes are characterized as involuntary movements or actions and are a key indicator of a healthy brain and nervous system in newborn babies. There are five primitive reflexes that are common for infants who do not experience central nervous system (CNS) deficits. Furthermore, newborn reflexes are also considered to add adaptive value by increasing their chances of survival.

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Divorce, Effects On Relationships, Nicholas Boston, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Divorce, Effects On Relationships, Nicholas Boston, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Divorce has been seen to have significant impacts on relationships both within and outside of families. In terms of friendships, the divorced couple is often seen to withdraw from other couples prior to the divorce in order to avoid sharing uncomfortable details. With more attention instead focused on friendships with individuals, divorced couples lose some, if not all, of their couple friends, whom may take sides either individually or as a couple. As well, fellow couples may not wish to be pulled into conflict. However, individual friendships tend to strengthen as the divorcees turn their freed-up time for attention towards …

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Reasons For Divorce, Ryan Bennett, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Reasons For Divorce, Ryan Bennett, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Today, divorce is a common result for many couples regarding marital conflict and discord. The impacts of divorce have been linked to increased psychological distress, increased risk of substance abuse, depression, and poorer overall health when compared to non-divorced individuals (Amato, 2000; Hughes and Waite, 2009). Per Shelby Scott and colleagues, there are ten likely reasons for a couple to get divorced (Scott et al., 2013). By understanding these ten reasons, one may better conceptualize the overall factors that contribute to divorce.

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Investigating The Intersection Of Cultural Design Preferences And Web Accessibility Guidelines With Designers From The Global South, Laleh Nourian, Vinaya Hanumant Naikar, Kristen Shinohara, Garreth W. Tigwell Apr 2025

Investigating The Intersection Of Cultural Design Preferences And Web Accessibility Guidelines With Designers From The Global South, Laleh Nourian, Vinaya Hanumant Naikar, Kristen Shinohara, Garreth W. Tigwell

Articles

Cultural background influences aesthetic web design preferences, and aesthetic design impacts accessible design. However, limited research has focused on this intersection of cultural background and accessible web design. With the majority of HCI and design resources originating from the Global North, we investigated the conflicts experienced due to the cultural background of digital designers from the Global South and current web accessibility guidelines. We conducted a design activity and interview study with 10 designers from five countries in the Global South to identify how current web accessibility guidelines conflict with our participants’ cultural design preferences. We found there are specific …

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Metabolic Theories Of Aging, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Metabolic Theories Of Aging, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Metabolic theories of aging postulate that aging is due to energy expenditure, which ultimately results in the breakdown and eventual death of cells. Historically, within the realm of metabolic theories of aging, there have been three models: The Rate-of-Living theory, The Oxidative Damage/Free Radical theory, and the Metabolic Stability theory. All three theories maintain that aging is directly related to metabolic rate, but the theories differ in how they arrive at that conclusion.

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Maria Montessori, Vanessa Braun, Donna Devaughn Kreskey Apr 2025

Maria Montessori, Vanessa Braun, Donna Devaughn Kreskey

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Maria Tecla Artemesia Montessori (born August 31, 1870, Chiaravalle, near Ancona, Italy – died May 6, 1952, Noordwijk aan Zee, Netherlands) was an Italian educator.  She is commonly remembered for the many schools around the globe that bear her name and implement her educational methods, the Montessori system. Maria Montessori was a scientist, educator, activist, and advocate for children.

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Writing Skills: The Essentials, Gina Braun Apr 2025

Writing Skills: The Essentials, Gina Braun

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Writing Skills are an essential component of communicating and develop over time. It does not matter the intention of writing, it is a skill used daily, and we must prepare our students to have the adequate skills they will need to function as writers. Writing skills taught in school are focused on academic writing, which should transfer and generalize across settings. Writing skills take on different forms with a variety of levels of importance. The necessary writing skills needed include; the writing process, which is supported by, mechanics, writing for a variety of purposes, and finally, building technological skills.

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How Much Can Families Afford To Pay For College?, Peter Hinrichs Apr 2025

How Much Can Families Afford To Pay For College?, Peter Hinrichs

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper studies families’ capacity to pay for college in the United States, focusing on changes over time and differences by race and socioeconomic status. I use data from the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS) to document changes over time in the Expected Family Contribution (EFC) from the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). The results suggest that the EFC has been rising over time, and that this has been driven primarily by families in the upper quartile of the income distribution. I then use data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to calculate alternative measures …

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Generativity, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Generativity, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

In psychology, the term generativity refers to concern for the future and the need to offer positive contributions to future generations. The term first appeared in stage seven of Erik Erikson’s model of psychosocial development (generativity vs. stagnation). Erikson’s model postulates that generativity occurs explicitly in middle adulthood, but a more recent model of generativity created by Dan McAdams proposes that generativity occurs as a function of increasing cultural demand and concern for future generations, rather than a function of personality change (McAdams, 2001).

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Complex Emotions, Jessica Choe, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Complex Emotions, Jessica Choe, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Complex emotions are ways in which an individual reacts and respond to complex social situations when encountering people and situations in the social world. Thus, complex emotions are ways of coping and adapting to complex social situations. Complex emotions are mental representations that have been studied on a three-level analysis surrounding the body, mind, and society, which translates to the biological and the evolutionary, the mental and the psychological, and the social and the cultural. This approach has been referred to as the neurocognitive sociology of emotions.

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Birth Complications, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Birth Complications, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Complications during childbirth can pose a serious threat to both infant and maternal health. Birth complications can lead to a variety of different health risks, ranging from minor to severe in nature. The following common labor complications can happen even after a standard pregnancy with no difficulties or high risk variables.

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The Life Of Susan Sutherland Isaacs, Cherish J. Caldwell, Rachel C. Davis, Betty S. Lai Apr 2025

The Life Of Susan Sutherland Isaacs, Cherish J. Caldwell, Rachel C. Davis, Betty S. Lai

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Susan Sutherland Isaacs was a British psychologist and psychoanalyst who rose to prominence during the nineteenth century progressive educational movement. Isaacs is best known for her publications on the intellectual and social development of children, as well as her theories regarding the education of children through free play.  Furthermore, Issacs served as the first principal of the Malting House School, one of the earliest progressive schools to incorporate the theories of psychoanalysis within its curriculum (Graham, 2009).

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Parental Influence, Justin Burgess, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Parental Influence, Justin Burgess, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

An adequate level of parenting—providing enough nutrition, shelter, exposure to language and peers, or not harshly punishing children (punching, kicking, striking with a weapon)—seems to not have a long-term effect on cognitive development in children. Twin and adoption studies have found that intelligence is accounted for almost entirely by genes and nonshared environment, which includes peers, teachers, and unique experiences. However, there are parenting styles and types of home environments that are correlated with better school performance, stronger school engagement, and more words spoken at certain ages.

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Gifted Children, Justin Burgess, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Gifted Children, Justin Burgess, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Children can be gifted in a variety of different areas, including musical talent, athleticism, and artistic ability among others. The focus of this entry will be solely on those children who are gifted in intellectual ability and academic achievement. Identification of intellectual giftedness usually requires an individually administered intelligence test, achieving a Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) of 130 or higher, which is a threshold that dates back to Lewis Terman’s research at Stanford in the early to mid 20th century. Although this seems like an arbitrary score, an IQ score of 130 and above is where an individual scores two …

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The Marshmallow Task, Laurel A. Brabson, Hannah M. Coffey, Mary Margaret Ruckle, Cheryl B. Mcneil Apr 2025

The Marshmallow Task, Laurel A. Brabson, Hannah M. Coffey, Mary Margaret Ruckle, Cheryl B. Mcneil

Essays in Developmental Psychology

To study the human systems of self-control during delayed gratification, Dr. Walter Mischel and colleagues developed what became the famous Marshmallow Test, published in Science in 1989. This study became a frontrunner in the field of psychology, laying the foundation for future studies in impulse control. Dr. Mischel was born in 1930 in Vienna, Austria. He was a professor at the University of Colorado, Harvard University, and Stanford University where he originally conducted the Marshmallow Test. Dr. Mischel currently holds a professorship at Columbia University.

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Perception, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Perception, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Perception is the process through which humans are able to select, organize, and interpret sensory input from the external environment. This process of selection, organization, and interpretation of external sensory stimulation results in our internal representation of the outside world, as well as our conscious experience. Through the process of perception, we are able to gain information and knowledge about our environment, allowing us to safely and effectively navigate in the world.

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Nutrition And Growth, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Nutrition And Growth, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

From a child’s embryonic development in the womb to adulthood, nutrition plays a key role in physical, mental, and social growth and development. Throughout the lifespan, proper nutrition and growth are essential to living a long, healthy life. Nutrition is particularly important in the developmental period.

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Craik & Lockhart: Levels Of Processing, Macey Cartwright, Heidi Kloos Apr 2025

Craik & Lockhart: Levels Of Processing, Macey Cartwright, Heidi Kloos

Essays in Developmental Psychology

What is the nature of mental activity that allows a child to remember a past experience? Traditionally, the question of memory was answered with an exclusively static model: The mind was said to have storage bins to which represented experiences are added. Depending on the exact nature of the storage bin, the experience is remembered either for a short time (i.e., shortterm memory) or for a long time (i.e., long-term memory). Though widely familiar, this model of static storage bins falls notoriously short on explaining the nuance of memory findings. For example, short-term memory appears to have strict capacity limits …

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Representative Sampling, Jessica Choe, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Representative Sampling, Jessica Choe, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

The research process begins with an initial observation that scientists or researchers of various backgrounds want to engage in and understand, which prompts them to formulate theories and hypotheses, collect data, and use statistical procedures to organize, summarize, and interpret gathered data. Research conducted through questionnaires or surveys are often utilized to determine the nature of a population or the interests of members in a particular group.

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Durable Power Of Attorney, Carolyn L. Carlson Apr 2025

Durable Power Of Attorney, Carolyn L. Carlson

Essays in Developmental Psychology

A power of attorney is a written document that authorizes an individual (an “agent” or “attorney-in-fact”) to act on behalf of another individual (the “principal”) in a fiduciary capacity related to matters specified within the power of attorney document. The agent does not have to be a licensed attorney in order to assume the role as agent, but must act with care and in good faith when dealing with the principal’s affairs. An agent’s power can be limited to a specific transaction, such as purchasing a specified piece of real estate, or the agent can be authorized to complete various …

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Examining Shifts In Reader Identity Through Explicit Fluency Instruction, Mercedes Allen Apr 2025

Examining Shifts In Reader Identity Through Explicit Fluency Instruction, Mercedes Allen

Theses and Dissertations

Fluency-a reader's ability to read accurately, with correct expression, speed, and prosody-is a main component of the science of reading (Rasinski, 2016). Although the science of reading has been a significant topic surrounding the issue of improving literacy in schools, there is little focus on the teaching of fluency at the secondary level (Shanahan, 2021; Steinle, 2022; Wexler, 2008) and how fluency influences reader identity. This article seeks to explore this question through the lens of the dialogical self (Hermans, 2001). In this case study, three 11th grade students participated in a series of lessons targeting components of fluency-accuracy, speed, …

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Possible Selves, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden Apr 2025

Possible Selves, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Self-concept is an individual’s idea of who the individual was in the past, who the individual is at present, and who that individual has the potential to become in the future. When considering self-concept, group memberships and other social roles typically shape how an individual thinks about him- or herself. A strong self-concept helps an individual to make sense of his or her present situation, maintains positive feelings through difficult situations, make sensible predictions about the future, as well as helps to sustain motivation.

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Intersensory Redundancy, Macey Cartwright, Heidi Kloos Apr 2025

Intersensory Redundancy, Macey Cartwright, Heidi Kloos

Essays in Developmental Psychology

How does redundancy in the input affect the child’s attention? Consider, for example, a scenario in which the child is listening to a parent’s utterances, as well as watching the parent’s lips moving in synchrony with the speech. Intuitively, one might assume that there is an inherent advantage in such informational coherence. The match between sounds and visual input might help constrain attention in productive ways. Alternatively, a mismatch in intersensory information might affects attention negatively. The reality of how intersensory redundancy affects a child’s attention is more surprising than what intuition might suggest, as we discuss in this essay.

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Psychomotor Speed In Old Age, Cheryl Chakranarayan, Nathan C. Weed Apr 2025

Psychomotor Speed In Old Age, Cheryl Chakranarayan, Nathan C. Weed

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Psychomotor ability is defined in terms of the relationship between cognitive functions and motor activities. It plays an important role in acquiring and carrying out a broad range of physical skills and coordinated behaviors, such as playing a sport, or in everyday activities like pouring a glass of milk or applying makeup. Psychomotor speed therefore is the rate at which a certain psychomotor behavior can be carried out. Because of the relevance of psychomotor speed to many areas of personal functioning, it has been extensively studied in a wide variety of applied contexts including sports performance, personnel selection within the …

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Advances In Environmental Food Science : A Case Study Of The Key Laboratory Of Environmental Food Science , Ministry Of Education, Quan Tuo, Li Bin, Ren Jingnan Apr 2025

Advances In Environmental Food Science : A Case Study Of The Key Laboratory Of Environmental Food Science , Ministry Of Education, Quan Tuo, Li Bin, Ren Jingnan

Food and Machinery

Both the environment and food have important impacts on human health.However,research on the macro -level patterns and micro -level mechanisms of their complex interactions affecting health remains limited.Environmental food science,centered on the scientific theme of coupling "environment -food" with "health",conducts systematic research on dietary behaviors and health -related scientific and technological issues across diverse spatiotemporal environments.It represents a newly emerging interdisciplinary direction within food science.This paper reviews the research trajectory and progress in understanding the relationships among environment,food,and health,evolving from the "binary relationship" between environment and food to the "ternary relationship" among environment,food,and health.Taking the research achievements of the key …

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Influence Of Α-Amylase In Saliva On Rheological And Textural Properties Of Starch-Containing Thickened Fluid, Su Wei, Liu Yun, Chen Yilin, Wang Xinmiao, Chen Jianshe, Hu Xiaoxue Apr 2025

Influence Of Α-Amylase In Saliva On Rheological And Textural Properties Of Starch-Containing Thickened Fluid, Su Wei, Liu Yun, Chen Yilin, Wang Xinmiao, Chen Jianshe, Hu Xiaoxue

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To explore the mechanism underlying perception of texture of starch -containing thickened fluids by α-amylase in saliva.［Methods］ This work characterizes the rheological and textural properties of a starch -containing thickened fluid in the presence of authentic saliva or artificial saliva containing α-amylase.［Results］］ Dynamic rheological test results show that the presence of α-amylase in saliva can reduce the viscoelasticity of the starch -containing thickened fluid,and the loss factor of the gel system increases with an increase in the concentration of α-amylase.Static rheological test results reveal that α-amylase enhances both the apparent viscosity coefficient K and the thixotropic loop area of …

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Effects Of Enzyme Treatment Combined With Monascus Solid-State Fermentation On Chemical Composition Of Poria Cocos, Peng Cancan, Liu Tao, Deng Junjie, Zhou Bo Apr 2025

Effects Of Enzyme Treatment Combined With Monascus Solid-State Fermentation On Chemical Composition Of Poria Cocos, Peng Cancan, Liu Tao, Deng Junjie, Zhou Bo

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To improve the utilization of Poria cocos resources.［Methods］ This paper employs cellulase and xylanase in combination with Monascus for the solid -state fermentation of Poria cocos,and measures the changes in the content of alkali -soluble polysaccharides,water -soluble polysaccharides,β-glucans,reducing sugars,total triterpenes,pachymic acid,and Monacolin K in fermentation products.［Results］］ Compared with the other five strains of Monascus,Monascus purpureus 250 Gy has more significant changes in the chemical composition of Poria cocos,among which the content of water -soluble polysaccharides reaches 61.99 mg/g after 6 days of fermentation by Monascus purpureus 250 Gy,which is 1.58 times higher than that of raw Poria cocos.Compared with …

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Photocatalytic Bactericidal Effect Of Chiral Gold-Modified Tio 2 Nanoparticles On Botrytis Cinerea In Tomatoes, Zou Jie, Song Jinzhu, Guo Xinglei, Li Xinxuan, Ni Yongbiao, Yan Wenjing Apr 2025

Photocatalytic Bactericidal Effect Of Chiral Gold-Modified Tio 2 Nanoparticles On Botrytis Cinerea In Tomatoes, Zou Jie, Song Jinzhu, Guo Xinglei, Li Xinxuan, Ni Yongbiao, Yan Wenjing

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To develop an effective method for inhibiting Botrytis cinerea in tomatoes.［Methods］ The effect of the addition amount of nanomaterial and light exposure time in chiral gold -modified TiO2 (DAT ) composite materials on the inhibition of B.cinerea in tomatoes was studied through colony diameter and antibacterial rate.The mechanism of action of DAT on B.cinerea was explored by analyzing mycelial biomass,nucleic acid and protein leakage,and fungal cell structure.［Results］］ When the chiral nano -gold addition was 80 μL,the DAT concentration was 5 mg/mL,and the natural light exposure time was 24 hours,the highest inhibition rate of DAT against B.cinerea was 53.64%.DAT nanomaterials …

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