Digital Commons Network^™

Climate Change And Digital Nations: Harnessing The Metaverse To Perpetuate Small Island Statehood, Nicole Bessette

Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )

No abstract provided.

Panel 2: Environmental Rights Amendment And Environmental Justice, Samantha Phillips Beers, John C, Dernbach, Emma H. Bast, Margaret O. Murphy

Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )

No abstract provided.

A Monumental Tug Of War: The Clash Over Presidential Authority And National Monuments In Murphy Co. V. Biden, Benjamin S. Levy

Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )

No abstract provided.

Pressure In The Pipeline? Hidden Tensions Beneath The Surface In The D.C. Circuit's Analysis Of Alabama Municipal Distributors Group V. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Marina Campo

Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )

No abstract provided.

Office Of Research, Economic Engagement And Outreach Update, June 11, 2025, Office Of Research, Economic Engagement And Outreach

Office of Research, Economic Engagement and Outreach

No abstract provided.

Relocation Post-Dobbs Among Clinicians Providing Abortions, Dana Howard, Marta Bornstein Phd, Mph, Jocelyn Wascher, Alison H. Norris, Katherine Rivlin

Faculty Publications

Introduction

Intensifying state-level abortion restrictions following the Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2022) decision could lead clinicians to leave states that ban abortion.¹ While large-scale changes are not yet apparent among obstetrician-gynecologists, the abortion care workforce may be uniquely at risk.² We examined the proportion of abortion-providing clinicians who changed primary state of practice, comparing those who left states that banned abortion with those who left states that did not ban abortion after Dobbs, and the ban status of the states to which they relocated.

Methods

This survey study was approved by The Ohio State University …

The Ancillaries Of Undergraduate Economics Programs: Results Of A Departmental Survey, Gail M. Hoyt, Roisin O'Sullivan

Economics: Faculty Publications

Most economics departments have a cadre of ancillary elements intended to enhance the experience of their undergraduate majors. These may include opportunities to attend speaker series, give conference presentations, participate in student organizations, or work as teaching or research assistants. While economists have studied individual ancillaries, there is merit in a comprehensive examination. The authors design and conduct a departmental survey of 300 U.S. institutions to characterize ancillaries’ prevalence, structure, and perceived benefits. Their findings shed light on how the prevalence and structure of ancillaries vary across different types of academic institutions. Perceived benefits involve meeting departmental learning goals and …

Electric Weed Control—How Does It Compare To Conventional Weed Control Methods?, Catherine Borger, Miranda J. Slaven

Journal articles

Weed management practices in agroecosystems mainly rely on herbicide, mowing, or tillage. Electric weed control offers a novel alternative, with a range of commercially available products for weed management in agricultural environments. However, electrical weed control efficacy has not been effectively compared with conventional weed management practices. Further, electrical weed control products may have a fire risk, as highlighted but not assessed in prior studies. The current study evaluated an electric weed control machine (Zasso™ XPower) for weed management in four vineyard sites (in 2022 and 2023) in comparison to mowing and herbicide applications. Weed control tactics were applied in …

Morphology Based Galaxy Classification, Ayan Mukherjee

Master’s Dissertations

Galaxy evolution is an area of vital importance in current research as it is believed to hold vital clues of the past as well as the future of the universe. The structure or morphology of a galaxy acts as an indicator of its stage of evolution and may also shed light on the course of its future evolution. The deployment of high-resolution telescopes like James Webb Telescope has made available large amount of high-resolution images, thereby, facilitating the deployment of high-performance Machine Learning and Deep Learning techniques. In the proposed work, two different methods have been assessed to achieve better …

Multi-Modal Large Language Model For Visual Question Answering On Medical Domain, Srimanta Singha

Master’s Dissertations

Artificial intelligence (AI) strategies such as Multimodal learning, which can integrate inputs of multiple modes, e.g., image and text, have shown significant promise in medical applications. In this dissertation, we present our related study of a Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) designed for Visual Question Answering (VQA) in the medical domain, based on both image and text input modalities to improve diagnostic reasoning and decision support. Our model processes medical images (e.g., chest Xrays, CT scans, and ultrasound images) along with clinical text to answer complex, domain-specific questions. We employ a cross-modal fusion mechanism to align visual features with textual …

The Multifunctional Ascorbate Peroxidase Moapx1 Secreted By Magnaporthe Oryzae Mediates The Suppression Of Rice Immunity, Muxing Liu, Ziqian Guo, Jiexiong Hu, Yuke Chen, Fang Chen, Weizhong Chen, Wenya Wang, Boyang Ye, Zhixiang Yang, Gang Li, Xinyu Liu, Haifeng Zhang, Ping Wang, Zhengguang Zhang

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Fungi secrete effector proteins, including extracellular redox enzymes, to inhibit host immunity. Redox enzymes have been hypothesized to inhibit host reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, how they suppress host immunity remains unknown. We characterized an extracellular ascorbate peroxidase (MoApx1) that is secreted into rice chloroplasts by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. MoApx1 displays multifunctional capabilities that significantly contribute to fungal virulence. Firstly, MoApx1 neutralizes host-derived H2O2 within the chloroplast through its peroxidase activity, thereby inhibiting chloroplast ROS (cROS)-mediated defense responses. Secondly, MoApx1 targets the photosystem I subunit OsPsaD, disrupting photosynthetic electron transport to further suppress cROS production. Most importantly, …

Cosmic Force: A Framework For Applying The Prohibition Of The Use Of Force In Outer Space, Erin Pobjie

International Law Studies

Outer space is becoming increasingly contested and existing approaches to identifying prohibited force in outer space lack a systematic foundation, hindering their application to novel challenges such as temporary interference with critical satellites or threats involving commercial space actors. This article addresses this gap by developing the first comprehensive, multifactorial legal framework for identifying a prohibited use of force in outer space. This framework provides a structured method for analyzing non-kinetic actions, temporary effects, and persistent hazards like space debris. It fundamentally advances existing legal approaches in three ways. First, it establishes when States can be implicated in a violation …

Multigenerational Exposure To Glyphosate Has Only Modest Effects On Life-History Traits, Stress Tolerance And Microbiome In A Field Cricket, J. W. Whitlock, P. M. Orwin, Z. R. Stahlschmidt

Pacific Faculty Work

Glyphosate is the most used herbicide worldwide, and it can be toxic to off-target species, such as insects. Although GLY-based herbicides (GBHs) can influence insect microbiomes, little is known about its cascading effects on fitness-related traits, such as life history or stress tolerance, especially in the context of long-term, multigenerational exposure. Thus, we exposed the variable field cricket, Gryllus lineaticeps, to GBH within and across generations to examine the potential role of GBH in developmental plasticity and evolution. Specifically, we measured its effects on life-history traits (e.g. developmental duration, adult body size and mass, and a life-history trade-off between investment …

The Rise Of Faint, Red Active Galactic Nuclei At Z > 4: A Sample Of Little Red Dots In The Jwst Extragalactic Legacy Fields, Dale D. Kocevski, Steven L. Finkelstein, Guillermo Barro, Anthony J. Taylor, Antonello Calabrò, Brivael Laloux, Johannes Buchner, Jonathan R. Trump, Gene C.K. Leung, Guang Yang, Mark Dickinson, Pablo G. Pérez-González, Fabio Pacucci, Kohei Inayoshi, Rachel S. Somerville, Elizabeth J. Mcgrath, Hollis B. Akins, Micaela B. Bagley, Rebecca A.A. Bowler, Laura Bisigello, Adam Carnall

Pacific Faculty Work

We present a sample of 341 “little red dots” (LRDs) spanning the redshift range z ∼ 2-11 using data from the CEERS, PRIMER, JADES, UNCOVER, and NGDEEP surveys. Unlike past use of color indices to identify LRDs, we employ continuum slope fitting using shifting bandpasses to sample the same rest-frame emission blueward and redward of the Balmer break. This enables the detection of LRDs over a wider redshift range and with less contamination from galaxies with strong breaks that otherwise lack a rising red continuum. The redshift distribution of our sample increases at z < 8 and then undergoes a rapid decline at z ∼ 4.5, which may tie the emergence of these sources to the inside-out growth that galaxies experience during this epoch. We find that LRDs are ∼1 dex more numerous than X-ray- and UV-selected active galactic nuclei (AGN) at z ∼ 5-7. Within our sample, we have identified the first two X-ray-detected LRDs. An X-ray spectral analysis confirms that these AGN are moderately obscured with log ( N H / cm 2 ) of 23 . 3 − 1.3 + 0.4 and 22.7 2 − 0.16 + 0.13 . Our analysis reveals that reddened AGN emission dominates their rest-optical light, while the rest-UV originates from their host galaxies. We also present NIRSpec observations from the RUBIES survey of 17 LRDs that show broad emission lines consistent with AGN activity. The confirmed AGN fraction of our sample is 71% for sources with F444W < 26.5. In addition, we find three LRDs with blueshifted Balmer absorption features in their spectra, suggesting an outflow of high-density, low-ionization gas from near the central engine of these faint, red AGN.

Experiences Of Black Women In Black Colleges Voluntarily Seeking Psychiatric Services, Linda Jarvis Brown

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Black Americans face significant barriers to psychiatric services including a lack of access to culturally competent care. Mental illnesses continue to be the leading causes of disability in the United States. This qualitative phenomenological study, guided by the health belief model, explored the experiences of Black women in Black colleges who voluntarily seek psychiatric services. My study addressed a gap in understanding the facilitators and barriers for Black women voluntarily seeking mental health services. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with nine participants who were Black women attending Black colleges who voluntarily sought psychiatric services. Data analysis was accomplished using …

Leadership Strategies To Enhance Funding Performance In Pre-K -12 Public School Districts, Cynthia W. Williams Jones

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Some school leaders lack strategies to impact educational funding performance in prekindergarten through 12th grade (PK-12) public schools and increase students’ academic achievement and performance. School leaders and policymakers are concerned with improving educational funding, student achievement, and student performance in PK-12 public schools. Grounded in the Baldrige excellence framework, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry study was to identify effective strategies that school leaders use to improve educational funding performance in PK-12 public schools and increase students’ academic achievement and performance. Participants were six PK-12 public school leaders with at least 5 years of leadership experience who had …

Animal Well-Being, Sentience And The Rights Of Nature, Andrew N. Rowan

WellBeing News

The article highlights how acknowledging animal sentience supports the growing movement to grant legal rights to nature. This shift encourages a more compassionate and sustainable relationship between humans, animals, and the environment.

Antimicrobial Resistance: Protecting Antimicrobial Effectiveness (Part 3), Andrew N. Rowan

WellBeing News

Antimicrobial resistance threatens global health by reducing the effectiveness of essential drugs. This article outlines critical solutions including stewardship programs, stronger monitoring, policy reform, and a unified One Health approach to ensure sustainable antimicrobial use.

U.S. Animal Shelter Demographics: Trends & Issues, Andrew N. Rowan

WellBeing News

This article reviews key trends in U.S. animal sheltering, including major declines in euthanasia and intake. It also highlights ongoing issues like regional disparities and resource gaps that impact shelter operations.

Foreign Aid, E. Wesley F. Peterson

Cornhusker Economics

According to a recent poll, United States adults think on average that about 26 percent of the federal government’s budget goes to foreign aid with some believing that more than half is put to that use. Public opinion surveys have returned similar results for many years with most respondents seeming to believe that this is far too generous often suggesting that something on the order of 5 percent of federal spending would be more appropriate. In fact, until recent efforts to eliminate foreign aid altogether, the actual amounts spent have represented one percent or less of the federal budget. The …

On Capitol Hill, Nyls Students Advance Legislative Advocacy Efforts, Joanne Doroshow

NYLS Community News

No abstract provided.

Enhance K-12 Student Online Learning Engagement Through Parental Support And Parent-School Collaboration, Qi Guo

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation investigates the role of parental support in K-12 online learning through a three-part research agenda grounded in the Academic Communities of Engagement (ACE) framework. The first article presents a systematic review of 31 empirical articles, identifying five key themes for effective parent-school collaboration, including improved communication, shared expertise, increased involvement, role clarification, and researcher-practitioner partnerships. The second study used a survey collecting data from 567 parents across eight online programs to explore challenges parents face in supporting their students' affective, behavioral, and cognitive (ABC) engagement. Eight primary challenges are identified, ranging from student struggles with focusing and motivation …

Staff Education To Enhance Use Of The Patient Health Questionnaire For Pediatric Mental Health Providers, Linda Kalle

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The underuse of standardized mental health screening tools, such as the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), delays the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) in pediatric patients. This staff education project aimed to improve psychiatric providers' knowledge, confidence, and PHQ-9 utilization through an interactive training program. Over four weeks, three nurse practitioners and two medical assistants participated in an evidence-based educational intervention. Pre- and post-training assessments measured provider knowledge, confidence, and PHQ-9 usage through surveys and electronic health record (EHR) audits. Results showed provider knowledge increased from 65% to 90%, confidence improved from 60% to 85%, and PHQ-9 usage rose from …

Nafld Surveillance In The Alaska Native/American Indian Population, Wileina Saumara Rhodes

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In the United States, the prevalence of NAFLD is estimated at 24% of the population, and by 2030, the incidence of NAFLD will increase to 100.9 million cases. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and rate of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression in the Alaska Native/ American Indian population (AN/AI) with and without elevated liver function tests. Two research questions guided the study: Do outcomes (abnormal/normal) of LFTs, A1C, lipids, BMI, and inflammatory markers predict or have a relationship with NAFLD progression? Does NAFLD surveillance have a relationship with the patient’s outcome as measured by the NAFLD Fibrosis …

Measuring Healthcare Quality For Sexual Minority Women, Francesca Antoine

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Women who identify as lesbian, bisexual, or other sexual orientations (i.e., sexual minority women) experience poorer health outcomes compared to heterosexual women. Despite the increasing prevalence of sexual minority women in the United States, little research exists to identify their unique health needs. Healthcare administrators play a critical role in promoting a higher standard of patient care by identifying systemic issues and leveraging data-driven solutions. The purpose of this study was to examine various aspects of care delivery in clinical encounters involving sexual minority women and evaluate their perception of care quality. Donabedian’s model of healthcare quality served as the …

Digital Transformation Strategies Used By Church Leaders To Increase Revenues And Meet Budgetary Goals, Lee Riley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Ineffective strategies to use digital transformation to increase revenues and meet budgetary goals can negatively impact small rural church leadership capabilities. Small rural church leaders who struggle to increase revenues and meet budgetary goals are at high risk of business instability. Grounded in the diffusion of innovations theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry was to identify and explore effective digital transformation strategies used by small rural church leaders to increase revenues and meet budgetary goals. Participants were eight small rural church leaders who had effectively used digital transformation to increase revenues and meet budgetary goals. Data were collected …

Nonprofit Marketing Strategies To Target A Specific Client Population, Daniel Curtis Grant

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African American females are the fastest-growing demographic in the United States contracting HIV. Nonprofit executives are concerned that, without effective marketing campaigns, African American females are not seeking the education or testing proven to reduce the chance of contracting HIV. Grounded in the integrated marketing communications theory, the purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies that nonprofit executives use to design and execute effective marketing campaigns targeted to a specific client population. The participants were four senior leaders from a nonprofit healthcare clinic located in the south-central Region of the United States who have 10 or …

Strategies For Reducing Cost Overruns On Government-Funded Infrastructure Projects In Jamaica, Owen Whitely

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Cost overruns involving government-funded infrastructure projects have the potential to lead to adverse economic and social outcomes. Project managers and government administrators are concerned with cost overruns as they often lead to delays, resource misallocation, and decreased public trust. Grounded in the theory of constraints, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry was to explore strategies project managers use to reduce cost overruns for government-funded infrastructure projects in Jamaica. Participants were five project managers working on large-scale infrastructure projects with experience effectively mitigating cost overruns in Jamaica. Data were collected through in-depth semistructured interviews, government documents, and public records. Five …

Exploring The Connection Between Mental Health Stigma, Social-Emotional Risk, And Help-Seeking Behaviors Among High School Students, Dorie Ross

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Throughout the United States, the rate of adolescents experiencing mental health-related challenges continues to rise, impacting their social-emotional well-being. Despite increasing concerns, the majority of adolescents do not seek treatment for mental health problems. One barrier contributing to a lack of help-seeking behaviors is mental health stigma. Furthermore, for students who have sought help for such concerns, there is a lack of consensus on whom high school students turn to for support when seeking help. The current study utilized quantitative methodology in the form of Structural Equation Modeling to examine the complex relationship between social-emotional risk, perceptions of mental health …

An Examination Of Positive Risk-Taking: Testing The Effect Of Modeling, Allison M. Schuck

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Positive risk-taking is a common behavior which may be associated with favorable outcomes. However, there has been little theoretical and empirical investigation of potential predictors and pathways to this behavior. Both social/behavioral and psychological factors may play a role in engagement in positive risk-taking. Modeling, along with related factors (i.e., perceived similarity and perceived credibility of the model), may lead to engagement in positive risk-taking behavior and intentions. Further, internal psychological characteristics (i.e., autonomy, fear of negative evaluation, empathy, and previous positive risk-taking behavior) may also be associated with engagement in positive risk-taking behavior. As such, the present study sought …