Digital Commons Network^™

Universal Injunctions And The Executive-Judicial Relationship In America, Jeremy Kang

Senior Honors Theses

This thesis examines a specific type of legal controversy surrounding the Trump administration’s dealings with the judicial branch. Central to the matter is the concept of universal injunctions: how a federal court can enjoin even non-parties to a case from behaving in certain ways.

The history of universal injunctions, from pre-Enlightenment England to modern America, is initially discussed. Then special attention is given to their use against President Donald Trump in particular, culminating in the Supreme Court curtailing them, and district court judges ignoring the high court’s ruling. Finally, previous examples of conflict between the American executive and judicial branches …

Dataset To Analyzing Energy Use In 2 & 3d Imaging Systems And Workflows, Michael J. Bennett

Published Works

Analyzing Energy Use in 2D & 3D Imaging Systems and Workflows Dataset

CONTENTS: Z-WaveReportingProfiles; SessionInput; DroneFlights; SessionsComputed; Types; ByType; GrossSummaryUnweighted; WeightingSummary; Raw Sampling History Data

Assessment Of Graduate Medical Educators’ Confidence In Their Institution’S Abilities To Provide Appropriate Resources For Graduate Medical Education Trainees, Madison Berger, Melissa L. Brannen Md

Research Scholars

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Physicians Who Trained And Remain At Lehigh Valley Healthnetwork, Partof Jefferson Health: Factors Influencing Satisfaction And Retention, Michela Biondi, Terri Vian, Joseph E. Patruno Md

Research Scholars

No abstract provided.

Assessing Language Access Barriers In Medical Settings, Ashley Cardona-Carrillo, Joumana De Santiago, Janiris Sanchez

Research Scholars

No abstract provided.

King Arthur And The Sword In The Stone: A Medieval Latin Account, Christopher Berard, Morris Tichenor

Humanities Program Faculty Publications

How did King Arthur draw the sword from the stone and claim the throne of Britain? Here we present a translation of a medieval Latin account recounting this famous episode, along with Arthur’s victories, conquests and final battle.

It's All In The (Exponential) Family: An Equivalence Between Maximum Likelihood Estimation And Control Variates For Sketching Algorithms, Keegan Kang, Kerong Wang, Ding Zhang, Rameshwar Pratap, Bhisham Dev Verma, Benedict Wong

Faculty Conference Papers and Presentations

Maximum likelihood estimators (MLE) and control variate estimators (CVE) have been used in conjunction with known information across sketching algorithms and applications in machine learning. We prove that under certain conditions in an exponential family, an optimal CVE will achieve the same asymptotic variance as the MLE, giving a fixed point algorithm for the MLE. Experiments show the fixed point algorithm is faster and numerically stable compared to other root finding algorithms for the MLE for the bivariate Normal distribution, and we expect this to hold across distributions satisfying these conditions. We show how this algorithm leads to reproducibility for …

The Scoop, Vol. 13 Issue 3/4, Summer 2026, Health Sciences Library

Volume 13

Latest news and updates from the Health Sciences Library in our monthly newsletter for Summer 2026. Please see page 2 for a text-only version of this issue!

Managing Risks Under Nuclear Power Plant Projects: A Latent Similarity-Guided Contract Customization, Mariam Elazhary, Islam H. El-Adaway

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Global energy is transforming, with nuclear power emerging as a pivotal player in achieving sustainable and low-carbon energy goals. The nature of nuclear technology introduces unique challenges, such as stringent safety and environmental requirements. Existing studies focus on general risk identification, such as supply chain delays, cost overruns, and public perception issues. However, these studies fail to address integrating these risks into tailored contractual provisions, which are critical for navigating the unique challenges of nuclear projects. The goal of this paper is to examine how standard construction contracts can be tailored to better accommodate the risks inherent in nuclear power …

Digital Twin-Assisted Optimization Of 6g Wireless Networks: Ensuring Deterministic Communication, Yingpu Nian, Bo Yi, Xingwei Wang, Sajal K. Das

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

With the rapid advancement of 6G technology and the increasing use of smart devices, Deterministic 6G Wireless Networks (D6WN) have emerged to meet the growing network transmission demands. In particular, applications such as autonomous vehicles, remote surgery, and industrial automation require extremely low transmission latency to function effectively, highlighting the critical need for D6WN in supporting these time-sensitive use cases. Yet, the conventional TCP/IP framework lacks effective unified traffic and congestion control scheduling, aggravating latency and uncertainty, posing a challenge to ensuring reliable real-time critical applications. To address the challenges of deterministic transmission in D6WN, this paper integrates Digital Twin …

Nbc Peacock North Summer 2026 Newsletter, Peacock North Staff

NBC Peacock North Newsletter

Highlights include: What's Now! Advice to the Class of 2026 -- Peacock Family -- Spring Luncheon Photo Gallery -- Tributes to Silent Microphones

Patient Ratio Impact On Patient Safety In The Emergency Department, Erin Griffin Rn, Rhonda Leavitt Rn

Nurse Residency

How does high patient to nurse ratios effect patient outcome and satisfaction compared to lower nurse to patient ratios?

Implementation Of Acute Pain Management Protocols And Effect On Rescue Opioid Administration During Ed Stay, Victoria Nordbeck Rn, Avegail Avila Rn, Sarah Durocher Rn, Isabel Dimek Rn

Nurse Residency

In patients presenting with acute pain processes in the emergency department, how does the implementation of acute pain protocols compared to standard opioid based therapies affect needs for rescue medication and overall length of stay?

Efficacy Of Volume-Based Enteral Feeding Compared With Standard Rate-Based Enteral Feeding, Tashia Stevens Rn, Kelly St Jean Rn, Darah Thomas Rn

Nurse Residency

Is volume-based enteral feeding more effective than standard rate-based enteral feeding in achieving nutritional goals and improving clinical outcomes in critically ill patients?

Fall Prevention, Alicia Frasier Rn, Paige Sperry Rn, Heather Tozier Rn

Nurse Residency

In elderly patients (P), does education of fall prevention (I) compared to bed/chair alarms (C) reduce falls.

The Implementation Of Q2 Turns Compared To Air Mattresses For Hapi Prevention In Adult Medical Surgical Patients Over The Course Of Their Stay, Elizabeth Mchugo Rn, Lily Fifield Rn

Nurse Residency

How does the implementation of q 2 turns compare to air mattresses for preventing HAPIs in adult medical surgical patients over the course of their stay?

Does Apply Boarder Foam Dressings Decrease Hapi In High-Risk Patients In The Acute Care Setting, Felicia Burton Rn, Kathryn Twombly Rn, Amanda Ring Rn

Nurse Residency

Does applying border foam dressings (i.e.mepilex dressings) to patients at risk for skin breakdown prevent pressure injuries and skin breakdown during a patient's hospital stay?

Acute Intermittent Hypoxia And Acute Intermittent Hypercapnic Hypoxia Elicit Cortico-Diaphragmatic Plasticity In People With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury, Alysha Bogard, Michela Mir, Tommy Sutor, Jessica Dunn, Kathryn Cavka, Arian Vistamehr, Hannah Snyder, Joseph Welch, Jayakrishnan Nair, Gina Brunetti, Gordon Mitchell, Emily Fox

Department of Physical Therapy Faculty Papers

Respiratory impairment is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after spinal cord injury (SCI), highlighting the need for interventions that improve breathing function. In people with SCI, acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) elicits respiratory motor plasticity and improves inspiratory function. However, in uninjured people facilitation of corticospinal diaphragm motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude occurs only when AIH is combined with mild hypercapnia (acute intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia; AIHH). It remains unclear whether AIHH similarly enhances diaphragm corticospinal excitability after SCI. We tested the hypothesis that AIHH increases diaphragm MEP amplitude and reduces MEP onset latency in individuals with chronic SCI, whereas …

Cerebrovascular Risk With Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibodies Versus Onabotulinumtoxina In Patients With Migraine: A Real-World Pharmacoepidemiologic Study In The National Institutes Of Health All Of Us Research Program, Sedat Gül, Bradley Ong, Stephen Trudeau, Nicolas Thompson, Hsiangkuo Yuan

Department of Jefferson Headache Center Papers and Presentations

AimTo evaluate whether initiation of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was non-inferior to initiation of onabotulinumtoxinA with respect to the hazard of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (IS + TIA) in a real-world cohort of adults with migraine.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, active-comparator, new-user pharmacoepidemiology study using the NIH All of Us Research Program Registered Tier Dataset (v8). Adults with migraine initiating CGRP mAbs (erenumab, fremanezumab, galcanezumab, eptinezumab) were compared with initiators of onabotulinumtoxinA from January 2018 through September 2023. The primary outcome was IS + TIA occurring more than 90 days after treatment initiation. Inverse probability of …

Urb-Poiesis: A New Terminology Between Theorisation And Practice In Sustainable Urban Development, Lubna Raheem Al-Azzawi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Urb-poiesis is a new term formed from the two words `urban' and `poiesis', which refer to the autopoietic and allopoietic phenomena of urban systems, as defined in relation to SUD. The research developed a new theory to investigate the typology of city system behaviour. Thus, a new model of theoretical relationships based on the Urb-poiesis definition is proposed to create a dual association with identity as the driving force behind the city. The methodology followed a logical, stepwise approach to transforming qualitative data into quantitative data, using a semantic differential scale (SDS) of Urb-poiesis represented by identity from the flow …

Assessing Natural Lighting In Historic School Buildings In Algeria: A Simulation-Based Design Perspective, Nesma Fercha, Akila Benbouaziz, Djamel Alkama

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This study evaluates daylighting performance in a primary school classroom in Ain M'lila, Algeria, combining field measurements with advanced simulation. A representative classroom was modeled in DIVA-for-Rhino using accurate geometric, material, and climatic data. Illuminance measurements were taken on 28 March 2022 at 09:30, 11:30, and 14:30, and the results were compared with simulation results. The comparison showed good agreement, with minor discrepancies in shaded areas, confirming model reliability through mean squared error (MSE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) analyses. Five design scenarios were tested to enhance daylight performance by varying glazing type, louvre geometry, and surface reflectance. Spatial …

The Impact Of Perceived Sustainable Design Characteristics On Enhancing Well-Being In Residential Environments: An Empirical Study, Zainab Ibrahim Abass

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Creating a sustainable living environment is crucial to improving well-being and reducing stress among urban populations, particularly through architecture, urban planning, and public health research. The growing importance of environmental sustainability for human health is limited by current empirical research on the impact of sustainable housing on well-being, due to insufficient conceptualisation and assessment of the perceived attributes of the residential environment. This study aims to examine the potential impact of perceived sustainable design characteristics on well-being using both quantitative and qualitative indicators to establish criteria for examining residents' views on sustainability attributes. Data were collected from high-density housing areas …

Digital Twin Model In Planning Holy Cities: A Case Study Of The Shrine Area In Karbala, Husam Sachit Senah

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This study examines the expansion around Karbala's two shrines during the implementation of the 2014 Dewan Master Plan and the resulting decline in the symbolic orientation linking the historic fabric to the processional route. The methodology combines formal and typomorphological reading, comparative cases, digital twin analytics, and expert consultations. Three design scenarios were evaluated against: visual contact with the shrines; continuity of the processional route; preservation of historic plots; infrastructure capacity; and conformity with sacred morphology. Scenario A maintains symbolic alignment but provides only moderate capacity during peak periods. Scenario B increases capacity through ring roads and vertical housing, fragmenting …

Multi-Parameter Assessment Of Land Degradation Vulnerability In Ranya And Pshdar Regions Using Geospatial Techniques, Kaifi Chomani

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Land degradation poses a significant threat to the stability of the ecological and socio-environmental characteristics of the Ranya and Pshdar (RP) region in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). The fragile environmental and physical dynamics of the RP regions make it considerably vulnerable to land degradation. This study integrates remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to address this issue, as these techniques provide a robust framework for mapping land degradation vulnerability in the RP regions of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). Ten critical environmental and physical parameters were analyzed and considered to model …

The Impacts Of Urbanisation On Housing And Infrastructure In Nigeria: Implications For Environmental Sustainability, Nathan Udoinyang, Reuben Daniel, Johnson Aborivwighre Iteku, Edna Abibetu Abidde, Salami Hope E, Violet Abieyuwa Imariagbontua, Okose Faith Nneka

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods to collect and analyse data on urbanisation and its impact on housing and infrastructure in Nigeria. A survey of 400 households in urban areas of Nigeria was conducted, and in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, including government officials, urban planners, and community leaders, were held. Secondary data were also obtained from existing sources, such as the National Bureau of Statistics and the Federal Ministry of Works and Housing. The study found that urbanisation has led to a housing shortage, increased housing costs, and inadequate infrastructure development in Nigeria. It also …

The Effect Of Morphological Transformations On The Emergence Of Complex Urban Systems: The Historical Karkh Urban Systems In Baghdad Is A Ase Study, Sara Abdul Aalie Rasheed, Wahda Shuker Al-Hinkawi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Cities emerge as multi-component urban systems that exhibit complexity and synergy and are shaped by morphological transformations in their structural composition. From here, the research idea was launched to demonstrate the role of morphological transformations in the emergence of urban systems with multiple characteristics and their integration to form the complex urban system. The research aims to demonstrate the impact of transformations on the emergence of the complex urban system, a fundamental characteristic of the city's growth and development, which comprises different urban structures that arise over time. The research adopted a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach and applied it to a …

Integrating Business Process Reengineering (Bpr) With Interior Design: An Innovative Approach For Bisb Bank Design, Maroa Salim Khalfan Al Abri, Mohamed Faisal Al-Kazee

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The demand for Business Process Reengineering (BPR) has grown, prompting efforts to integrate BPR with interior design to address key needs such as spatial layout, organizational processes, user collaboration, and workflow. The research examines BPR from an academic perspective, emphasizing its integration with interior design and illustrating the project's design stages in an advanced interior design studio. It highlights a designer's role in offering practical solutions for BPR in bank interiors. The study describes the BisB Bank design as an innovative project in the Interior Design II Studio and identifies 13 principles for the integration approach. These principles encompass spatial …

The Impact Of The Design Characteristics Of Media Architecture On The Activation Of Urban Space, Hanan Dhiyaa Hussein, Inaam A. Al-Bazzaz, Ammar Salim Dawood

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The research explores the relationship between the design characteristics of media architecture and their impact on activating urban space, focusing on the role of interactive technologies and the extent to which they enhance visual comfort and stimulate social interaction. The research problem was represented by (the lack of a clear conception of the impact of the design characteristics of media architecture on activating urban space). The research objective was to develop an integrated theoretical model to identify indicators of how media architecture's design characteristics influence the activation of urban space. The research relied on a descriptive-analytical-comparative approach to compare selected …

Advanced Glass Between Technology & Ideology, Enas Salim Abdulahaad, Oday Abaas Abood

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Advances in glass technology have radically transformed contemporary architecture, highlighting the research problem of ``The Ambiguity of Advanced Glass' Position in Twenty-First-Century Architecture.'' The research aims to uncover the transformation of advanced glass from a technological to an ideological dimension. The research hypothesizes that ``contemporary architecture has reshaped its relationship with humans, society, and nature through its use of advanced glass.'' The research adopts a descriptive and analytical methodology based on specialized literature and global and regional architectural practices, revealing the technical characteristics and symbolic meanings inherent in glass applications. The research concludes that contemporary architecture has redefined its relationship …

Metaphysics Of Parallel Heritage In The Formulation Of The Contemporary Cityscape, Ban Mohammed Sultan, Abbas Ali Hamza Al Greiza

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

In the contemporary globalized world, the metaphysical texts of parallel heritage play a vital role in preserving the identity and privacy of cities with historical cores by conveying both the authenticity of the past and the spirit of the age in architectural production. The research problem addresses a cognitive deficiency in reading the metaphysics of parallel heritage within the urban landscape of Haifa Street, proposing it as a text that mediates between heritage and contemporaneity. The research hypothesizes that these metaphysical texts contain a creative core that functions as a future-oriented cognitive model. Using a descriptive–analytical approach, the study analyzes …