Digital Commons Network^™

Supply Chain Analysis: The Oregonator Autocatalytic Case Study, Abigail Butcher

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

Understanding stability in complex supply chains remains a critical challenge due to nonlinear feedback, delayed responses, and sensitivity to parameter changes. This project presents a novel framework that applies bifurcation analysis to evaluate system stability, using the Oregonator autocatalytic chemical reaction model as an analog for supply chain dynamics. A parameter sweep of key model variables, particularly the stoichiometric factor f and the reaction rate constants k, is used to identify transitions between stable and oscillatory regimes. These transitions provide insight into how variations in feedback strength can drive instability in real-world systems. The framework will then be extended to …

Observing Antibiotic Resistance In Bacterial Co-Cultures Under Simulated Microgravity, Tyler Jenkins, Marina Vaden

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

Bacteria grow in complex natural environments with multiple factors affecting their growth, metabolism, and physiology. While astronauts are still preparing to travel to Mars, scientists must learn how to simulate a more realistic Martian environment. While a small volume of publications investigates the independent effects of microgravity or Martian regolith on microorganisms (Liao et al., 2025; Allen et al., 2022; Naz et al., 2023; Duri et al., 2025), to our knowledge no current experiments exist on the joint effects of microgravity and Martian simulant on a co-culture. This experiment aims to investigate the effect of a microgravity analog on the …

Customization That Clicks: Human Factors Evaluation Of A User-Centered Vehicle Customization System, Noah Clark, Shawn Mathura, Sarah Bailey, Paul Seal, Brandon Ibarra, Kailey Hrbek, Carissa Aumack, Kevin Sun, Olivia Honan, Kelly Nguyen, Caroline Deck, Brandon D. Dreslin

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

Older adults (OAs) and drivers with disabilities (DwDs) often encounter challenges when customizing vehicle features (e.g., seat adjustment, lighting, climate control) because existing human-machine interfaces (HMIs) may not be designed to accommodate diverse sensory, motor, and cognitive capabilities. HarmonIQ is a biometric-based, user-centered vehicle customization system designed to improve accessibility and inclusivity for OAs and DwDs, developed by Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU) in collaboration with Bethune-Cookman University (BCU). This research, supported in part by the EcoCAR Electric Vehicle Challenge, builds on Fall 2024 proofs-of-concept and Spring 2025 initial development of HarmonIQ and its components, namely the driver profile software and …

Simplified Flight Controls For Urban Air Mobility (Uam), Sierra Martinez, Frank Cunningham Iv, Nicole Giordano, Olivia Honan, Katie Stubits, Heather Bond, Paul Seal, Brandon Ibarra

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

Air taxis are meant to perform short-distance, lower-altitude flights in challenging terrain- whether it be maneuvering around skyscrapers in urban areas, or for emergency responders in remote, difficult to access areas. It is paramount that the control system is intuitive and user friendly, since air taxi pilots will likely receive less training than commercial airline pilots. The Human Factors Department is working to advance Urban Air Mobility (UAM) initiatives by evaluating alternative inceptors (ie. control systems) that might be used in Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) air taxi designs. The controller itself needs to have specific and distinct enough operations …

Assessing The Impact Of Various Factors On Hypoxic Response, Reese Kim, Allysa Hayden

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

Hypoxia is a condition in which the body’s tissues are deprived of oxygen and has deleterious effects on cognition, perception, and performance. Hypoxia has a myriad of symptoms such as euphoria, difficulty concentrating, headache, fatigue, nausea, dizziness, tunnel vision, and more. Outward signs of hypoxia include cyanosis (blueing of the fingertips and lips), tremors, loss of coordination, pallor, and complexion change, and can be used to notice the onset of hypoxia in others. Many factors are known to contribute to the manifestation of hypoxia, namely altitude, exposure duration, and certain physiological conditions such as heart problems and low blood flow …

Honeybee-Inspired Swarm Intelligence For Autonomous Adaptability Of Martian Infrastructure, Morgan Kendall

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

Current research in autonomous space systems primarily relies on centralized control or swarm methods designed for fixed mission scenarios. These approaches lack the flexibility needed for long-duration Mars operations, where infrastructure must adapt to changing conditions, evolving mission goals, and limited human oversight. This creates a critical gap in developing autonomous systems capable of continuous self-organization. This gap is being addressed by developing a biologically inspired, adaptive Martian infrastructure using swarm intelligence. The scope includes key system domains such as power distribution, communication networks, and surface logistics. Agent-based modeling software will simulate infrastructure components as autonomous agents that evaluate local …

Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction Method For Continuous Strain Analysis Across Heterogenous Material Interface Layers, Sierra Damon

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

Synchrotron X-ray diffraction method for continuous strain analysis across heterogenous material interface layers   The transfer of strain across a material interface is a relevant concept to quantify for numerous aerospace applications that involve coatings applied to substrates of different materials, particularly in the field of high temperature materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a metrology technique capable of resolving strain within an arbitrary material by quantifying the shifts of Bragg peaks with respect to an unstrained sample and has seen increased use due to the capability of XRD to perform in-situ measurements on materials in extreme environments. Since different materials have …

Nano Aircraft Using Underactuated Technology (Naut), Giol Vinyals I Roca

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

The Nano Aircraft using Underactuated Technology (NAUT) project presents a novel swashplateless rotor system that achieves cyclic pitch control using a single actuator, eliminating the need for conventional multi-servo swashplate assemblies. This approach is specifically tailored for nano unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) operating within Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) environments, where size, weight, and power constraints demand highly efficient and simplified control architectures. A functional prototype has been developed and experimentally validated, demonstrating measurable cyclic pitch variation and effective control authority. Multiple mechanism variants are currently being investigated to evaluate performance trade-offs in responsiveness, mechanical efficiency, and aerodynamic effectiveness. These configurations …

Comparing Student Perceptions: Self-Directed Learner And Sense Of Responsibility With Their Measured Self-Direction In Learning Programming, Abigail Blalock

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

This research poster presents findings from a broader study examining self-direction in learning (SDL) programming among first-year engineering students enrolled in an introductory programming course at Embry-Riddle. Developing learner autonomy and self-direction is essential for fostering lifelong learning and adaptability, particularly in programming, where rapidly evolving tools and techniques require continuous skill development. Using a quasi-experimental approach, this study investigates students’ self-direction in learning using a 25-item validated instrument on the Personal Responsibility Orientation to Self-Direction in Learning Scale (PRO-SDLS). Grounded in the Personal Responsibility Orientation (PRO) model, the instrument distinguishes between the external teaching–learning process and the internal characteristics …

An Improved Process For The Preparation Of Fezolinetant And Its Intermediates, Lee Pharma Limited

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to process for the preparation of Fezolinetant and its intermediates thereof.

Agent‑Assisted Dispute Resolution Using Early‑Stage Transaction Signals, Neerav Berry, Nireeksha Ravi Reddy, Gavin Shenker, Jalpesh Chitalia, Mark L. Woelfer

Defensive Publications Series

A payment network dispute resolution system includes a memory for storing agentic signal records and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor is configured to receive, prior to transaction authorization, consumer mandate data, agent purchase request data, and payment signal data. This data is stored in association with a dispute index key. Upon receiving a dispute message via a dispute resolution interface, the system retrieves the stored data and applies a rule set to identify whether at least two undisputed prior transactions share elements of the payment signal data. The system determines if the dispute qualifies for auto blocking …

Risk-Aware Intent Belief Gating Layer For Transactional Artificial Intelligence Assistants, Madhav Mittal

Defensive Publications Series

An intent belief layer system (100) for transactional artificial intelligence assistants is disclosed. The system includes a text encoder configured to receive a user utterance and generate an embedding vector, and an intent classifier configured to generate intent-wise logits for an intent taxonomy in which each intent is associated with risk metadata. A belief estimator applies calibrated probability mapping to generate an observation probability distribution, retrieves a prior probability distribution from a session store, and computes a posterior probability distribution using a Bayesian belief update across conversation turns. A risk engine computes an expected risk score over the posterior probability …

Pipeline Array Architecture: Topological Freedom Beyond 2d Grid, Jinhui Wu

Defensive Publications Series

In prior work, we introduced the Pipeline Array architecture—a distributed parallel data processing
framework based on the five core characteristics of Assignment, State Holding, Compare, Block, and
Update. The architecture was presented with a two-dimensional (2D) grid as a typical embodiment for
spatially structured data such as image pixels and sensor grids.
This paper clarifies and extends the topological understanding of the Pipeline Array. We emphasize that
the defining characteristic of an Ordered Array is fixed spatial coordinates and neighbor relationships
—not the specific geometric shape of the array. The 2D grid is one valid embodiment, but not a limitation. …

Caldwell Dementia Super‑Stack V2.0 — Ultra‑Integrated Multi‑Physics Research Engine A Builder‑Ready, Cross‑Portfolio Open‑Hardware System Integrating Cudre‑1.5, Cng‑Loop V2.0, Accs V5.0, Ocular Triad, Crfg‑1r, Forgecell Prime, Arachne‑Chip Ultra‑Real, Sentinel‑Av, Phoenix‑Water 2.0, Uaap‑2.0, Vabr‑2.0, Arg‑Cm 2.0, Fdms‑1.0, Taii‑3.0, Mechanic’S Battery 2.0, And Ures/Mmra Resonant Energy Stack, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

The Caldwell Dementia Super‑Stack v2.0 is a fully open‑hardware, builder‑ready, multi‑physics research ecosystem designed to simulate, measure, modulate, and stabilize synthetic glymphatic clearance, ocular transport, microbubble‑driven flow, and environmental resonance conditions using standardized phantom systems.

This upgraded v2.0 edition integrates twelve additional posted Caldwell inventions—each already available on TDCommons—into a unified, synchronized architecture that dramatically increases thermal stability, acoustic precision, environmental control, vibration isolation, microbubble consistency, DAQ clarity, and cross‑lab reproducibility.

The system combines:

• CUDRE‑1.5 (glymphatic simulation),

• CNG‑Loop v2.0 (environmental telemetry),

• ACCS v5.0 (acoustic modulation),

• Ocular Triad (posterior transport),

• CRFG‑1R + Forgecell Prime (solid‑state thermal stability),

• Arachne‑Chip ULTRA‑REAL (anisotropic thermal …

  ---

  Go to article

System And Method For Cost-Per-Second Active Dwell Verification Based On Client-Side Physiological And Behavioral Telemetry, N/A Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

A system and method are disclosed for establishing a real-time verification and monetization model for digital content delivery based on live client-side physiological and behavioral telemetry. A client-side telemetry agent monitors neural-engagement proxies, including micro-movement patterns, scroll-stop deceleration, and haptic sensor variances, at a high sampling frequency. These proxies are processed into a normalized attention score representing the focus intensity of a viewer. To facilitate real-time financial tracking, the system integrates a robust communication protocol. A server-side dynamic billing gate establishes a secure, low-latency connection with the client-side agent to stream the attention score packets in real time. The server-side …

Standardized Agent-To-Agent Commercial Negotiation And Settlement Protocol, Aura Yavary

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a standardized communication and negotiation framework for autonomous software agents. The protocol enables real-time, cryptographically verifiable, and automated negotiation between a client-side buyer agent representing a user and one or more server-side seller agents representing commerce platforms or brands. The buyer agent broadcasts a structured intent payload containing constraint parameters and a negotiation endpoint. Seller agents evaluate available inventory against the constraints and return bid packets containing product metadata, validity conditionals, and a cryptographically signed incentive token (such as an HMAC-based token) representing dynamic, session-specific discounts or bonuses. The buyer agent programmatically incorporates these tokens into a …

Radiographic Evaluation Of Kidney Size In Cats: Effects Of Sex And Gonadal Status, Somchin Sutthigran, Auraiwan Klaengkaew, Chutimon Thanaboonnipat, Suppawiwat Ponglowhapan, Nan Choisunirachon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Radiographic evaluation of kidney size using the kidney-to-second lumbar vertebral body length (K/L2) ratio is a standard method for assessing kidney size in cats. However, current reference values underdetermine biological factors such as sex and gonadal status, which may influence kidney and lumbar length. Reproductive hormones are known to influence kidney and vertebral development, but their specific effects on radiographic kidney and vertebral measurements in cats are unclear. This retrospective study aimed to assess the effects of gonadal status on kidney length, L2 vertebral length, and the K/L2 ratio in clinically healthy cats. A total of 285 cats were included …

Asymptotic Enumeration Of K-Bounded Functions Using Toeplitz Matrices, Tiago Cavalcante Trindade, Pedro Martineli

Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Mathematics Journal

We introduce the concept of $(\alpha, \lambda)$-bounded functions, characterized by limited local variation, which is especially useful in discrete sets. Initially, we formally define these functions and investigate their fundamental properties, highlighting significant differences from continuous functions. The main result obtained is the asymptotic estimate of $a(n, k)$, representing the number of functions from $[n]$ to $[n]$ that are $k$-bounded with respect to the Manhattan distance. The proof of this result combines Toeplitz matrices with a well-known inequality from graph theory.

Ronald E. Mcnair Research Symposium Presentation Schedule 2026, Mcnair Scholars Program

McNair Symposium

This is the presentation schedule for the 24th Undergraduate Ronald E. McNair Research Symposium 2026.

Discovering Optimal Imaging: Assessing Agreement Between Overlap And Distance Metrics In Black Bone Mri And Ct Segmentation, Zipporah Kaffey, Natalie West, Anjolaoluwa Sijuade, Kenneth Tran, Chloe Mouhayar, Stephen Y. Lai, Clifton D. Fuller

CATALYST Summer Training Program 2026

This poster explores the overlap and boundary metrics used to validate and compare Black Bone MRI (BB) contours to those of CT. The aim is to explore whether those metrics agree or not and to explore BB as an alternative to CT in monitoring head and neck cancer patients post-radiation therapy for adverse effects such as ORN.

Beyond The Indicators: Community-Defined Sustainability In Bario, Sarawak, Rhonwyn Hagedorn

Capstone Collection

This study examines how Kelabit community members in Bario, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo define and practice sustainability within community-based tourism (CBT), and how these local understandings align with or diverge from the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study used a thematic analysis drawing on fifteen semi-structured interviews with Kelabit community members, supplemented by tourist questionnaires and document analysis of online tourism materials. Four themes emerged: sustainability as collective stewardship; community decision-making and collaboration; cultural identity as the core of tourism; and equity, participation, and the limits of growth. Findings suggest that Kelabit community members hold a holistic, relational, and …

Transoral Robotic Surgery (Tors) Post-Operative Chemoradiotherapy In High-Risk Patients: Exploratory Study On Survival Benefit Of Concurrent Cisplatin, Yin-Chieh Handley, Clifton D. Fuller, Mai Mandor Badawy, David I. Rosenthal

CATALYST Summer Training Program 2026

Preliminary evaluation of survival and recurrence benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy with and without cisplatin.

Mri Versus Ct In The Assessment Of Osteoradionecrosis Of The Jaw: A Feasibility Study, Chloe Marie Mouhayar, Natalie West, Anjolaoluwa Sijuade, Zipporah Kaffey, Kenneth Tran, Stephen Lai

CATALYST Summer Training Program 2026

The interobserver agreement of CT scans and black bone MRI scans were compared by calculating the dice similarity coefficient, jaccard index, Hausdorff distance, and mean distance to agreement of each observer contour pair in order to assess how black bone MRI compares to CT in monitoring osteoradionecrosis. Value and Impact CT imaging is currently the golden standard in evaluating bone structure and therefore monitoring osteoradionecrosis after radiation therapy, but it can create additional complications. The purpose of this study was to determine if black bone MRI is clinically acceptable in monitoring osteoradionecrosis in place of CT.

From Crisis To Reform: How The 1918 Influenza And Covid-19 Pandemics Redefined The Relationship Between Nurses And The American Healthcare System., Anh N V Le

Undergraduate Research and Scholarship Symposium

The 1918 Influenza and COVID- 19 pandemic have become two major public health crises that reshaped the role of nurses in the America healthcare system. Although a hundred years apart, both pandemics revealed how deeply the country depends on nurses during emergencies without proper and efficient strategies. This paper argues that these pandemics acted as turning points that redefined the social contract between nurses and the U.S. healthcare system. By examining historical context, nurses’ responsibilities, public perception, and long-term effects, this research show how pandemics expanded nurses’ authority while also exposing long-term weakness of the systems. In 1918, nurses were …

Bioethics As Seen On Stage: Can Theater Change The World?, Sarah J. Cavanaugh

Undergraduate Research and Scholarship Symposium

This research paper investigates the extent to which theatrical works can influence societal reform through the depiction of bioethical dilemmas through time, analyzing performative theater’s ability to change the world through great societal impact. By examining four plays from distinct historical periods—Philoctetes by Sophocles (409 BCE), Whose Life is it Anyway? by Brian Clark (1972), The Waiting Room by Lisa Loomer (1994), and Next to Normal by Brian Yorkey (2010)—this study analyzes how theater has consistently engaged with evolving issues of medical ethics and patient autonomy. Each play presents ethical conflicts reflective of the medical and social dilemmas of …

The "3 A'S" Of Sport Specialization: Emerging Themes To Characterize Athletes' Sport Participation Pathway Decisions, Adelaide F. Stark, Justin S. Disanti Ph.D.

Undergraduate Research and Scholarship Symposium

In this study, former youth sport participants were grouped by their developmental sport pathways (i.e., if they specialized and when they specialized over the course of their participation) to identify emerging themes regarding why they chose their respective pathway, as well as how this impacted their sport experience. 948 participants completed a retrospective survey measure detailing their sport histories. Based on their specialization trajectory across their sport involvement (i.e., during elementary school, middle school, and high school) participants were sorted into three participation pathways – Early Specialization, Late Specialization, or Continued Multi-sport. Participants responded to open-ended questions about their decision-making …

Impacts Of Climate Change On Microalgae: Physiological Responses And Future Adaptations - A Review, Mohamed Zein Alabdein Nassar

Blue Economy

Climate change is increasingly affecting aquatic ecosystems, including microalgae (phytoplankton), which play a crucial role as primary producers and account for nearly half of global carbon fixation. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding the effects of climate change on microalgae from physiological, ecological, and molecular perspectives. Increased temperatures, ocean acidification, changes in light regimes, and nutrient variability greatly affect microalgal growth, photosynthesis, and community structure, often promoting smaller and more stress-tolerant species. These changes also contribute to the expansion and intensification of harmful algal blooms, with serious ecological and economic consequences. Microalgae exhibit diverse adaptive responses, including metabolic reprogramming, …

Shared Meaning: Deriving Mdasi Thresholds Against Eortc Symptom Ratings, Ulysses Joseph Hill, Oliver Nkuku Bs, Md Mahin Phd, Cem Dede Ms, Md, Clifton D. Fuller Md, Phd, Amy Moreno Md

CATALYST Summer Training Program 2026

The gap between the MDASI (0-10 severity scoring) used at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) and the EORTC(1-4 presence scoring) used in the CITOR framework is easily apparent. In 2025, a conversion between the two was done as part of a larger study in a population of head and neck cancer patients at the University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG). The study compared several symptoms on the EORTC QLQ-C30/H&N35 (EHN) with the 0-10 score for the symptom given by a patient on the MDASI Head and Neck (MHN). The question remained: would these results hold in an MDACC population? In this …

Ctamj Forum On Mshsl Activities: Speech, Kathleen Walker, Scott Voss, Tanner Sunderman, Rebecca Meyer-Larson

Communication and Theater Association of Minnesota Journal

The CTAM Journal seeks to raise up voices from notable interest groups. Occasionally, individuals are asked to share their thoughts on issues that pertain to the target readership of CTAMJ.

For this special forum, four coaches share their voices on Minnesota State High School Speech: Kathleen Walker (Fairmont), Scott Voss (Apple Valley), Tanner Sunderman (Mounds Park), and Rebecca Meyer-Larson (Moorhead).

Lights, Camera, Acting! A Collaborative, Interdisciplinary Approach To Basic Filmmaking, Jessica Maloney, Chris Nelson

Communication and Theater Association of Minnesota Journal

No film studio? No problem! This activity is designed to introduce basic concepts of filmmaking across disciplines such as theatre and communications, but could be used by either. It includes an emphasis on acting as well as the technical processes and procedures on set. We have geared this activity specifically towards use in a cross-listed class in Communication and Theatre Arts.