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A Rare Case Of Extradural Ewing Sarcoma Of The Cervical Spine In A 9-Year-Old Boy, Rutuja Patil, Ratnapriya Chowdhry, Neha Bhongale, Poonam Wade

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Pediatric embryonal tumors have a rare occurrence in the peripheral nervous system. A more aberrant location is the extradural space, with only 25 cases being reported in literature. The seemingly innocuous symptoms can often be misleading as a sprain, and in our country, where tuberculosis is endemic, it can even be perceived as Pott’s spine, and therefore, leads to a delayed intervention for these rapidly progressive malignancies. We report the case of a 9-year-old boy whose symptoms started with a dull neck pain that was ignored for 6 months as a neck sprain. X-ray of his cervical spine showed only …

Takayasu Arteritis Associated With Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Case Report, Clinical Presentation, And Treatment With Monoclonal Antibody, Qudsiya Ansari, Owais Ali, Praveen Unki, Surbhi Rathi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Takayasu arteritis (TA), also known as “pulseless disease,” is a chronic large vessel vasculitis of unknown etiology that predominantly involves the aorta and its major branches. TA occurs worldwide and can affect all ethnic groups; the disease is most common in Asians. In this case report, we present a case of 15-year-old female, with a history of autoimmune thyroiditis presented with transient ischemic attack, the absence of peripheral and feeble central pulses with bruits that could be heard along the carotid, renal, and abdominal arteries, and a difference of > 10 mmHg in systolic blood pressure between arms. She was diagnosed …

Knowledge And Practice Regarding Eye Donation Among Degree College Students Of Belagavi City, S. Vinod Kumar, Chandra S. Metgud

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Sight is crucial for our existence. In India, corneal opacity is the leading cause of blindness among people aged 0–49 years. The only treatment for corneal blindness is transplantation, necessitating increased awareness, and dispelling myths about eye donation. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and practice regarding eye donation among degree college students of Belagavi city.

Material and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1018 degree college students from Belagavi, selected through proportionate sampling. The data were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Collected data were entered using Microsoft Excel and analyzed in SPSS software.

RESULTS:

The …

Development And Assessment Of “College Student To Community Strategy” For Enhancing Tuberculosis Case Detection, Bhavna Pramod Joshi, Deepak Narayan Tayade, Shobha Bansi Salve, Andrea Anthony Almeida, Abhishek Dhawan

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Tuberculosis (TB) elimination is the top-most public health priority for India. Taking into account the dire need to enhance the detection of TB cases, an innovative model was developed and implemented.

AIM:

The aim is to develop and assess “college student to community strategy” for enhancing TB case detection.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

A quasi-experimental study was conducted in seven different nonmedical degree colleges. A total of 134 students participated in this study. Information, education, and communication (IEC) sessions describing the epidemiology, presumptive case definition, control, and prevention of TB were conducted. Pretest and posttest were administered to capture knowledge …

A Cross-Sectional Assessment Of Diabetes Risk Among Adults In A Limited-Resource Urban Primary Care Setting In West Bengal, India, Nazrul Mallick, Puspendu Biswas, Dwija Poddar, Debayan Podder, Disha Bhowmik, Dipika Sarkar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

India faces a burgeoning burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus, projected to reach 87 million by 2030, with alarmingly high undiagnosed cases. Early identification remains crucial for targeted health interventions. This study employed a validated risk assessment tool to identify high-risk individuals and explore associations with diabetes risk factors.

Material and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted for 3 months among nondiabetic consenting adults (above 18 years) attending a limited-resource urban primary health center in the field practice area of a teaching hospital in Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal. A predesigned, pretested schedule containing domains on sociodemographics, dietary, medical history, …

Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology Of Virchow’S Node: A 3-Year Experience In A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital In South-Eastern Belt Of India, Ramya Katta, Aparna Chinnam, Uma Prasad, Sreedhar Bora

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The present study was taken up to assess the role of fine-needle aspiration cytology in diagnosing left supraclavicular lymphadenopathy and assess if the Virchow’s node still has the same clinical corollaries in recent times, where there has been a drastic change in epidemiology and therapy of cancers.

Material and Methods:

The present study is a 3-year retrospective analytical study conducted in the department of pathology in a tertiary care teaching hospital.

RESULTS:

A total number of 106 cases were received during the study period. The mean age of presentation was 45.86 ± 17.71 years, and the male-to-female incidence of …

Effect Of Health Education On The Awareness Of Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Undergraduate Students Of A Health Sciences University – An Interventional Study, Sasitharan Muthusamy, S. Yogeshkumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a significant public health concern associated with various cancers. Despite available vaccines, knowledge gaps persist among healthcare students, impacting vaccine uptake. This study aimed to assess the impact of an educational intervention on health-care students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding HPV infection and vaccination. Furthermore, the study aimed to assess the potential barriers to vaccination.

METHODOLOGY:

A pre- post-interventional study was conducted among 656 undergraduate healthcare students over a period of 1 year to assess baseline knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to HPV infection and vaccination using a self-structured validated questionnaire. Following this, an …

Challenges And Perceived Solutions In Implementing Competency-Based Undergraduate Curriculum: A Qualitative Study, Kuntala Ray, Sonali Choudhari, Hironmoy Roy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Competency-based medical education (CBME) is being implemented across India in medical colleges from the 2019 batch. Several new components are introduced which require focused faculty training and handholding at times. This study was conducted to explore the challenges faced by faculty and students of Phase 1 and Phase 2 MBBS during the implementation of a competency-based undergraduate curriculum with regard to curriculum planning and delivery, teaching–learning, and assessment; to determine the perceived/proposed solutions by the faculty and students to overcome the said challenges.

METHODS:

An exploratory qualitative study was done at the Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, …

Efficacy Of Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy As Augmentation Agent In Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia, Chitrakshee Singh, Sudhir Kumar, Abhinav Pandey, Paramvir Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

AIM:

The aim of the study was to study the efficacy of modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) as an augmentation agent in schizophrenia, with particular emphasis in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

A prospective open-label, raters blinded within a group interventional study done over 1 year with 40 consenting adults with a diagnosis of treatment-resistant schizophrenia as per Conley and Kelly’s criteria. With preanesthetic clearance, they were put on a supervised regular MECT regimen after baseline clinical global impression (CGI), PANSS, and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) application with improvement recorded by repeat application of psychopathology measurement scales.

RESULTS:

after a …

A Phenomenological Study On Lived In Experiences With Cancer Among Patients Admitted At R.L Jalappa Hospital And Research Center, Rubin George, G. Vijayalakshmi, A Rashmi, V Saritha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The cancer burden continues to grow globally, exerting tremendous physical, emotional, and financial strain on individuals, families, and communities. The experiences of cancer patients who are diagnosed with cancer at an early stage differ from patients who reached at terminal stage. The current study is an effort to know the lived-in experiences of cancer patients who were diagnosed with cancer and taking treatment at R. L. Jalapa Hospital and Research Center (RLJHRC).

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

This is a phenomenological study design. Twelve cancer patients diagnosed with cancer and taking treatment at the oncology unit of RLJHRC were selected for …

Trends In Selected Renal Diseases Among Patients From Below Poverty Line Population In Karnataka During 2010-2021, D. C. Nanjunda Devajana, Amit Kumar Mishra, Jyothi S. Lakshmi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Renal disorders are becoming increasingly common today. There is a clear correlation between social and economic deprivation and the advancement of many kidney illnesses, as well as premature death.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective is to reveal trends in the prevalence of renal diseases among the population below the poverty line (BPL) using the Karnataka method.

METHODS:

The current study is based on the data available on the government-managed website containing details about people who received treatment for several renal diseases under various government health insurance schemes by the BPL population from 2010 to 2020 in Karnataka state, South India.

RESULTS: …

Unlocking The Potential: Cas13-Based Sensing System In Early Detection Of Micro-Rna Biomarker, Shreya Reddy, Rishita Swami, Jaishiv Ghumde, Athulya Nair, Simran Kushwaha, Shrutam Somkuwar, Devyani Salodkar, Aparna Nair, Deovrat Begde

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

AIM:

The aim of this study is to standardize in-vitro CRISPR-Cas13 assay for the detection of salivary microRNAs (miRNAs) as Oral Cancer Biomarker.

BACKGROUND:

Oral cavity cancer poses a significant global health threat, prevalent in both emerging and industrialized nations, primarily attributed to factors such as tobacco and alcohol use. This study addresses the imperative need for adaptive, effective, and non-invasive strategies in the diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer, emphasising the importance of early detection for improved prognosis. The study introduces a novel approach employing the CRISPR-Cas13 system for the detection of salivary miRNA-145 as an oral cancer biomarker. …

Evaluation Of Epithelial Toto Bodies And Their Relationship With Connective Tissue Inflammation In Reactive Lesions Of The Oral Cavity: A Preliminary Study, M. Gowsalya, Seema Hallikerimath, Punnya V. Angadi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Toto bodies are homogeneous eosinophilic bodies, round to oval in shape with a peripheral clear appearance, also known as “Mucopolysaccharide keratin dystrophy” due to its contents, often seen on the topmost layers of stratified squamous epithelium of reactive and inflammatory oral lesions. The present study aimed to correlate the presence of epithelial Toto bodies with inflammatory components of the connective tissue in oral reactive lesions to elucidate the association between them.

Material and Methods:

This preliminary study included 12 archival reactive lesional slides (seven pyogenic granuloma [PG] and five inflammatory hyperplasia) with toto bodies and the correlation with inflammatory …

Double Burden Of Malnutrition Among Adolescents: Evidence From A Cross-Sectional Study Among School-Going Adolescents In Bangalore City, Bhavya Balasubramanya, Avita Rose Johnson, T. Sulekha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Previously, low- and middle-income nations grappled with widespread undernutrition, but now encounter the added challenge of overweight/obesity. Rapid urbanization has led to changes in the diet and physical activity of Indian adolescents. Malnutrition during adolescence has far-reaching consequences into adulthood.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status of adolescents in schools and identify associated factors, with the aim of assessing whether the double burden of malnutrition exists among urban adolescents.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted across four schools of Bangalore city with a universal sampling of 752 adolescents aged 10–19 years. Height and …

Evaluation Of Serum Vitamin D And Ferritin Level And Their Correlation With Insulin Resistance And Adiposity In Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Hospital-Based Study In Maharashtra, India, Sunita Machindra Aghade

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the utmost prevailing, complex endocrinopathy of reproductive-aged women and one of the fundamental reasons for female infertility. It has been acclaimed as a metabolic syndrome variant in women and comprises a crucial segment of the female population at risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D deficiency is connected with deleterious metabolic outcomes in PCOS and may be responsible for exacerbating PCOS symptoms. This hormonal deficiency is linked with insulin resistance (IR), adiposity, impaired glucose and lipid metabolism, and systemic pro-inflammatory milieu in PCOS women. Ferritin, a regulator of iron homeostasis, …

A Comparison Of Serum Cystatin C With Traditional Biomarkers Of Renal Function In Patients Of Essential Hypertension In A Tertiary Care Center Of The Kumaun Region, Sangeeta Singh, Aman Saini, Basant Kumar Joshi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

In India, hypertensive renal disease, the second leading cause of chronic kidney failure, necessitates dialysis or renal transplantation. Most traditional renal function indicators, such as serum urea and creatinine, track disease progression and therapy response. Cystatin C, an excellent glomerular filtration rate (GFR) indicator, is freely filtered through the glomerular membrane, and its concentration is solely dictated by GFR. About 25%–40% of untreated hypertensives develop hyperuricemia. Microalbuminuria is a traditional renal function biomarker and outcome predictor in renal disease patients. This research compared blood cystatin C to standard renal function indicators (serum urea, serum creatinine [Scr], serum uric acid, …

A Critical Review On The Efficacy Of Kodo, Sorghum, And Foxtail Millets In The Management Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Monica Yadav, Charu Bansal, Umesh Shukla, Saleha Zainab

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects around 537 million people globally, with 77 million cases in India. Type 2 DM is primarily linked to poor dietary habits and sedentary lifestyles, leading to either insulin resistance or impaired insulin secretion. In Ayurveda this condition is referred to as Apathyanimmataja Prameha. To promote healthier food choices, the Indian government declared 2023 as the International Year of Millets, emphasizing their significant health benefits. Historically, millets, known as "Shri Anna," were among the first domesticated crops in India and were a staple food across Asia. However, with the Green Revolution prioritizing the mass production of rice …

Sexual Dimorphism And Sex Estimation: Review In Forensic Odontology, Brijesh Kumar Negi, Deepak Gurung

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Sexual dimorphism traditionally refers to physical differences between males and females of a species. This variability is crucial for maintaining diverse phenotypic traits. In essence, sexual dimorphism reflects a complex interplay of genetic, gonadal, hormonal, and behavioral factors that shape the traits observed in males and females. Sex estimation involves determining whether skeletal remains belong to a male or female. This can be done through two primary approaches: nonmetric methods, which rely on visual inspection of skeletal features, and metric methods, which use equations based on measurements of skeletal dimensions. Because the degree of sexual dimorphism can differ significantly across …

Balancing Act: Navigating Regulations And Ethical Considerations In Animal Experiments – Intrinsic From International, Indian Laws And Hinduism Perspectives, Mohammad Nadeem Khan

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Animal experimentation is a critical component of scientific research, offering insights into disease mechanisms, drug development, and treatment efficacy. However, ethical considerations surrounding the use of animals in research have prompted the establishment of regulations and guidelines worldwide. This article examines the multifaceted challenge of navigating regulations and ethical considerations in animal experiments, considering perspectives from international laws, Indian regulations, and Hinduism. It discusses the tension between the scientific imperative for research advancement and the ethical imperative to minimize harm to animals and uphold their welfare. International guidelines, such as the Three Rs principles, provide a framework for ethical conduct, …

Journal Metrics: Measuring Academic Impact, Journal Rankings, And Their Implications, Harpreet Kour, Punnya Angadi, Shrihari L Kulkarni

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

New Dimensions Of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: Navigating The Future, Vinay Hazarey

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Sigh: An Essential Physiological Breath, Chetan Khare

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Ethical Dilemma On Writing A Reply To A Letter To Editor, Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Role Of Co-Trimoxazole In Current Medical Practice, Ekadashi Rajni, Ayushi Jorwal, Vishnu Kumar Garg, Richa Sharma

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

The G20’S Vital Role In Global Health, Ram Kumar Garg

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Neonatal Presentation Of Factor X Deficiency, Arjani Patra, Qudsiya Ansari, Kailas G. Randad, Vinaya Ajaykumar Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Factor X is a Vitamin K-dependent serine protease synthesized in the liver. It is a key factor of the coagulation cascade as it is the first enzyme of a common pathway that leads to the formation of a stable fibrin clot. Both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways can lead to factor X activation. Inherited factor X deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive bleeding disorder. Inherited factor X deficiency is caused by mutations of the factor X gene that result in reduced or aberrant function of the factor X protein. Symptomatically, homozygous patients with severe hemorrhagic symptoms present early in the neonatal …

Partially Reducible Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia With Organoaxial Gastric Rotation In An Asymptomatic Child, Sohini Sengupta, Anmol Mishra, Narayan Pandit, Ankita Mishra, Sabyasachi Sarkar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Paraoesophageal hernias are an extremely rare variety of hiatal hernias commonly encountered in elderly. This article illustrates the case of a 3-year-old child with features of urinary tract infection but incidentally diagnosed with paraesophageal hiatal hernia with associated organoaxial gastric rotation and a preprandial intrathoracic stomach with no symptoms congruent with his diagnosis. The diagnosis was suspected initially on ultrasonography of the right hemithorax and confirmed with barium studies and computed tomography with oral contrast. Although an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was advised by the clinician, the patient never underwent the procedure during our follow-up period.

Management Of Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture Secondary To Nonossifying Fibroma, Shrihari L. Kulkarni, Manjunath Daragad, Raviraj Patil, Amanulla Indikar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

This case report presents the unique occurrence of a pathological fracture in the subtrochanteric area of the left femur in a 7-year-old boy, attributed to a nonossifying fibroma (NOF). NOFs are benign bone lesions commonly found in pediatric patients, but complications leading to fractures are relatively rare. The clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and management of this case are discussed to highlight the importance of recognizing and addressing such conditions in the pediatric population.

Pediatric Cystic Nephroma: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature, Nandkishor Shinde, Rani Patil, Vinod Uplounkar, Kakoli Paul Choudhary, Manjunath Jyothinaikar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Pediatric cystic nephromas (PCNs) are rare, benign, multilocular cystic renal neoplasms affecting children <2 years. Morphological similarity between pediatric congenital cystic nephroma and other cystic renal tumors produces diagnostic dilemmas but has excellent prognosis after surgical excision. We report the case of a 14-month-old male child who presented with swelling left side of his abdomen for the past 3 months noticed by his mother. Mass was firm, bimanually palpable. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen showed it to be a well-defined thick-walled peripherally enhancing multiloculated complex cystic lesion in the left kidney. We have done a left nephrectomy and on histopathology, it shows multiple cysts with cyst walls lined by flattened cuboidal epithelium, the cystic septa show fibrovascular tissue and lymphomononuclear cells, and no blastemal elements were seen, which are classic features of PCN.

Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis Of Microplastics In Milk Samples, Pratiksha Badwanache, Suneel Dodamani

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

This study was undertaken to determine the amount and type of microplastics in different milk samples.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Sample collection was done from branded, dairy, and directly from the cow shed and was then transferred to a conical flask. Containers were wrapped with aluminum foil to avoid contamination of the samples. A total of 100 mL of 5% sodium chloride solution was added to 200 mL of milk sample, rotated for 2 min, and was kept to undergo density separation for 15 min in a water bath. Whatman filter paper Grade I of pore size 11 µm is …