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Investigating Caveolar Systems: Spatiotemporal Quantification Of Caveolin-1 And The Mechanotransducive Function Of Ehd2, Jasper Stanae Farrington Aug 2026

Investigating Caveolar Systems: Spatiotemporal Quantification Of Caveolin-1 And The Mechanotransducive Function Of Ehd2, Jasper Stanae Farrington

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Caveolae are 50-100nm cholesterol rich flask shaped invaginations found in many differentiated cells. Namely, these structures have been seen to be abundant in endothelial cells where they are involved in many signaling contexts. However, under mechanical stress, the characteristics of caveolae alter, flattening to increase membrane compliance, while displaced proteins can shift from structural roles to mechanosensitive signaling functions. Caveolin-1 (Cav1) is the principal protein required for Caveolar formation while Eps15 Homology Domain Containing Protein 2 (EHD2) is a membrane ATPase that acts to stabilize caveolae at the surface. Despite their emerging importance, understanding the organization and dynamic regulation of …


Unmaking Crane Hall: Institutional Change And The Politics Of Exhibit Closures At The Denver Museum Of Nature And Science, Abigail Genene Duff Aug 2026

Unmaking Crane Hall: Institutional Change And The Politics Of Exhibit Closures At The Denver Museum Of Nature And Science, Abigail Genene Duff

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines the June 2023 closure of the North American Indian Cultures Hall (NAICH) at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science (DMNS) as a critical moment of institutional transformation. Through a case study approach grounded in archival research, interviews, surveys, and discourse analysis of social media posts and public commentary, this project investigates how exhibit closures reflect shifting dynamics of curatorial authority, Indigenous representation, and settler colonial structures. Guided by theoretical frameworks of settler colonial theory, desire-based research, institutional critique, and museum anthropology, this study explores how internal museum politics, community opinion, and public narratives reshape accountability and …


Growth In Discomfort, Kayla Marker Aug 2026

Growth In Discomfort, Kayla Marker

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

This portfolio captures the transformation into an advanced social work practitioner, emphasizing self-reflection, social justice, and the integration of theory into practice. Through personal narrative and practical examples, the document demonstrates growth in ethical behavior, advocacy for marginalized groups, trauma-informed care, and cultural humility, particularly in rural and Indigenous contexts. This portfolio details the application of systems, social learning, and empowerment theories, and highlights the importance of bridging micro and macro practice, engaging in research and policy analysis, and assuming leadership roles. The work showcases adaptability, collaboration, and evidence-based approaches, culminating in a commitment to lifelong learning and justice-oriented leadership …


Identification, Validation, And Prediction Of Longitudinal Recovery Phenotypes In Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Analysis Of Prospective Cohorts And A Randomised Controlled Trial, Karlo Pedro, Mohammed Ali Alvi, Christopher Lozano, Vishwathsen Karthikeyan, Alex Bak, Benjamin Davies, James Harrop, Jetan Badhiwala, Jefferson Wilson, Wendy Lou, Zihang Lu, Kevin Thorpe, Michael Fehlings Aug 2026

Identification, Validation, And Prediction Of Longitudinal Recovery Phenotypes In Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Analysis Of Prospective Cohorts And A Randomised Controlled Trial, Karlo Pedro, Mohammed Ali Alvi, Christopher Lozano, Vishwathsen Karthikeyan, Alex Bak, Benjamin Davies, James Harrop, Jetan Badhiwala, Jefferson Wilson, Wendy Lou, Zihang Lu, Kevin Thorpe, Michael Fehlings

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Symptom evolution in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is traditionally characterized by severity of neurological deficit. A recent expert consensus challenged this view, proposing that DCM fluctuates across neurological, functional and health-related quality of life measures. We examined whether joint changes across these three domains define distinct recovery patterns in a clinic-based cohort of adult patients with DCM.

METHODS: Cohorts analysed were the Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy-North America (CSM-NA, 2005-2007, N = 278), CSM-International (CSM-I, 2007-2011, N = 479) and the CSM-PROTECT Trial (2012-2017, N = 290). All participants were symptomatic adult DCM patients who underwent surgical treatment and completed at …


Examining Intimate Partner Violence After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury, Rebecca R. Suzuki Aug 2026

Examining Intimate Partner Violence After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury, Rebecca R. Suzuki

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is linked with social problems in peer relationships that can last into adulthood. Little is known about how social problems impact the development of intimate relationships as pediatric TBI survivors grow up. This study addressed this gap by examining risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) in a sample of 50 young adult survivors of pediatric TBI prior to age 13 (M age = 22.96, SD = 1.70, 60% women) and tested social information processing (SIP) as a potential process through which TBI influences risk for IPV. Participants were recruited via Prolific and social media …


Exploring The Association Between Hypertension And Sleep Disturbances Among Adults, Diana-Lyn Baptiste, Ruth-Alma Turkson-Ocran, Binu Koirala, Brenda Owusu, Oluwabunmi Ogungbe, Stephanie Meng Yuan, Sabianca Delva, Marion Botchway, Deandra Romain, Serina Gbaba, Faith Elise Metlock, Yvonne Commodore-Mensah, Cheryl Himmelfarb Aug 2026

Exploring The Association Between Hypertension And Sleep Disturbances Among Adults, Diana-Lyn Baptiste, Ruth-Alma Turkson-Ocran, Binu Koirala, Brenda Owusu, Oluwabunmi Ogungbe, Stephanie Meng Yuan, Sabianca Delva, Marion Botchway, Deandra Romain, Serina Gbaba, Faith Elise Metlock, Yvonne Commodore-Mensah, Cheryl Himmelfarb

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States (US), contributing to one in three deaths. It is estimated that more than 120 million Americans are living with at least one form of CVD, which include hypertension (HTN). HTN accounts for the highest prevalence, impacting over 50% of individuals aged ≥20 years old in the US. Suboptimal sleep also represents a notable CVD risk factor and has been identified as a contributor to various CVD-related issues. The inclusion of sleep health as one of the Life’s Essential 8 measures in 2022 reinforces its importance for …


Critical Policy Analysis Of Student School Board Members: From Symbolic Seats To Shared Power, Reina M. Cruz Aug 2026

Critical Policy Analysis Of Student School Board Members: From Symbolic Seats To Shared Power, Reina M. Cruz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this study was to critically examine student voice in school boards, specifically how student representation is enacted, negotiated, or constrained in public school board meetings across multiple states. This study used a critical political analysis, multi-site, multi-year case study, as I wanted to showcase the different forms of student board memberships and the enactment of policy. In total, three school years of public regular board meetings were observed across three different school districts. The study employed a critical policy analysis to examine state statutes, district bylaws, board policies, meeting recordings, agendas, minutes, and transcripts.

I examined variations …


Postoperative Corticosteroid Use After Same-Day Versus Staged Septoplasty With Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Does Surgical Timing Matter?, Khalid Mohamed, Jonathan Vuillier, Nabil Agag, Ronak Bhatia, Fatima Ahmed, Ahmad Mohammed, Elizabeth Beyene, Mekdem Bisrat, Austin Yap, Miriam Micheal Aug 2026

Postoperative Corticosteroid Use After Same-Day Versus Staged Septoplasty With Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Does Surgical Timing Matter?, Khalid Mohamed, Jonathan Vuillier, Nabil Agag, Ronak Bhatia, Fatima Ahmed, Ahmad Mohammed, Elizabeth Beyene, Mekdem Bisrat, Austin Yap, Miriam Micheal

Student Publications

Background

Septoplasty is frequently performed with functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), either during the same operative session or as a staged procedure. Whether same-day versus staged septoplasty with FESS is associated with differences in postoperative corticosteroid use or postoperative nasal polyp diagnosis remains unclear.

Objective

The study aimed to compare postoperative corticosteroid use and postoperative nasal polyp diagnosis after same-day versus staged septoplasty with FESS.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX U.S. Collaborative Network. Adults undergoing both septoplasty and FESS were categorized into same-day and staged cohorts, with staged procedures separated by at least 30 days. …


Field-Like- And Self-Spin-Orbit Torques In Magnetic Multilayer Films, Kyle Jeffrey Peterson Aug 2026

Field-Like- And Self-Spin-Orbit Torques In Magnetic Multilayer Films, Kyle Jeffrey Peterson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) have been realized as an energy efficient mechanism to manipulate and drive magnetization dynamics in magnetic multilayer films. Their damping-like and field-like components provide distinct pathways for controlling the magnetization, enabling switching, sustaining magneto-oscillations, and driving domain-wall motion with potential applications in nonvolatile memory, spin-based logic, and microwave signal generation. However, the accurate quantification and interpretation of these torques remains complicated by experimental sensitivity, the co-symmetry of the Oersted field and the effective field due to the field-like torque, and assumptions regarding the material layers from which the torques originate. The body of work set forth in …


Exploring Foundations Of Animal Host-Microbe Interactions In A Freshwater Sponge, Jacob S. Pawley Aug 2026

Exploring Foundations Of Animal Host-Microbe Interactions In A Freshwater Sponge, Jacob S. Pawley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The most ancient eukaryotic immune defense mechanisms evolved in unicellular species. Multicellular eukaryotes, however, expanded these mechanisms to meet challenges unique to multicellular life, including barrier formation, long-distance cell signaling, and coordinated responses that eliminate microbial threats while minimizing damage to the host. As such, animal immune signaling pathways are exceptionally intricate and diverse. Though, most of what is understood about animal host–microbe interactions stems from a small handful of model systems. Here, I evaluate host–microbe interactions and innate immunity in sponges using the highly tractable freshwater sponge, Ephydatia muelleri. I report the discovery of an external host-derived matrix …


Protest, Police, Peace, And Violence: Understanding Variation In Police Violence At Protests, Louis Pascarella Aug 2026

Protest, Police, Peace, And Violence: Understanding Variation In Police Violence At Protests, Louis Pascarella

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Why do police engage in violence at some protests but not others? Existing research highlights the importance of protest characteristics, political context, police culture, organizational incentives, and interactions between protesters and law enforcement. While these factors help explain patterns of repression, they provide limited insight into why police responses can shift rapidly from restraint to widespread violence during the course of a protest event.

This dissertation examines variation in police violence during the 2020 George Floyd Uprising through a comparative analysis of protest events in Denver, Colorado and Seattle, Washington. Drawing on original event reconstructions based on livestreams, helicopter footage, …


A Longitudinal Study Of Achilles Tendon Adaptation In Ncaa Division I Female Gymnasts: Associations With Menstrual Status, Birth Control Use, Pain, Limb Dominance, And Training Exposure, Mattie Jane Hyde Aug 2026

A Longitudinal Study Of Achilles Tendon Adaptation In Ncaa Division I Female Gymnasts: Associations With Menstrual Status, Birth Control Use, Pain, Limb Dominance, And Training Exposure, Mattie Jane Hyde

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This longitudinal study evaluated Achilles tendon (AT) thickness in 22 NCAA Division I (DI) female gymnasts across three consecutive seasons in relation to menstruation, birth control use, pain, limb dominance, training week, and year of collegiate competition. Weekly ultrasound and athlete survey data were analyzed using mixed-effects models for absolute AT thickness and change in thickness from baseline measurements. Associations were primarily characterized by interactions rather than uniform effects of individual predictors. A Pain × Limb Dominance × Week × Year interaction was associated with both thickness outcomes across season-specific and combined analyses, with relationship directions varying by limb, season …


A Policy Analysis Of Higher Education Support For Foster Youth In The Colorado Child Welfare System, Krystal Robles Aug 2026

A Policy Analysis Of Higher Education Support For Foster Youth In The Colorado Child Welfare System, Krystal Robles

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

This policy analysis examines how two Colorado laws, House Bill 22-1374 (Foster Care Success Act), and Senate Bill 22-008 (Higher Education Support for Foster Youth), aim to improve educational outcomes and long-term stability for youth who age out of the foster care system. Critical Policy Analysis (CPA) and Resilience Theory are used in this paper to examine how these policies address systemic inequities, promote resilience, and offer protective factors that support educational attainment. Using policy review, state policy comparison, stakeholder interviews, and community perspectives, I evaluated how the implementation, effectiveness, and limitations of these bills shape real-world impact. The findings …


Disrupted Family Ecosystems: Intergenerational Estrangement, Nonnormative Events, And Perceptions Of Established Adults – A Case Study, Seth Wyncott Aug 2026

Disrupted Family Ecosystems: Intergenerational Estrangement, Nonnormative Events, And Perceptions Of Established Adults – A Case Study, Seth Wyncott

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The issue of intergenerational family estrangement has gained increased exposure in research and popular literature; however, significant gaps remain in understanding the lived experience of adult-children who maintain separation from their parents. Complicating matters, the family is not a solitary unit but is intertangled within a macrolevel sociocultural ecosystem. This ecosystem includes normative and nonnormative stressors which are subject to diverse interpretations depending on the historic and evolving character of the family and its members. As such, it is important to examine the dynamic character of estrangement in familial and sociocultural context.

Utilizing a case study method with semi-structured phenomenological …


Well-Being Beyond The Binary In Perinatal Healthcare: An Application Of Reproductive Justice, Orphea D. Wright Aug 2026

Well-Being Beyond The Binary In Perinatal Healthcare: An Application Of Reproductive Justice, Orphea D. Wright

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Gender diverse birthing individuals face several systemic barriers to accessing affirming and empowering perinatal healthcare. The present study utilizes the term gender diverse and the abbreviation TGE to describe those who self-identify as broadly non-cisgender, an umbrella term for people whose gender identity differs from their sex assigned at birth. Gender identities that may be included in this definition include transgender/trans, gender expansive, non-binary, gender fluid, gender nonconforming, gender variant, gender queer/queer, and/or agender. Gender diverse individuals face unique barriers in perinatal healthcare due to the pervasiveness of cisnormativity in perinatal healthcare spaces. Research has documented the harm caused to …


An Investigation Of Pelvic Kinematics And Implications For Total Hip Arthroplasty, Kathryn Holland Colone Aug 2026

An Investigation Of Pelvic Kinematics And Implications For Total Hip Arthroplasty, Kathryn Holland Colone

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most commonly performed orthopaedic procedures, with approximately 500,000 surgeries performed annually in the United States alone. Although THA is widely regarded as highly successful, postoperative complications persist, highlighting the multifactorial nature of THA outcomes. Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of implant positioning and soft tissue mechanics, yet challenges remain in optimizing surgical decisions on a patient-specific basis. Recent advances in surgical planning tools have shifted the focus of preoperative planning toward optimizing patient-specific outcomes, highlighting the need to better understand how patient anatomy, surgical technique, and joint mechanics interact to influence …


The Resilient Mother: Exploring Factors That Buffer The Influence Of Early Childhood Trauma On Maternal Self-Efficacy, Brigid Magdamo Aug 2026

The Resilient Mother: Exploring Factors That Buffer The Influence Of Early Childhood Trauma On Maternal Self-Efficacy, Brigid Magdamo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Childhood maltreatment and toxic stress pose significant risks to both individuals and communities, yielding negative outcomes that can perpetuate across generations— a phenomenon known as intergenerational trauma. Early intervention is imperative to disrupt this cycle of adversity and promote positive outcomes. One promising approach involves leveraging protective and promotive factors that cultivate resilience. Individuals with higher levels of benevolent childhood experiences (BCEs) and greater social support tend to exhibit enhanced self-efficacy, thereby potentially buffering the detrimental effects of childhood trauma. Furthermore, the perinatal period presents a critical juncture where maternal well-being significantly impacts both mother and child. The current study …


Examining The Effects Of Perceived Need, Suicidal Ideation, And Interpersonal Shame On Help-Seeking Attitudes In Asian Pacific Islander Desi Americans, Kristen Jiin Park Aug 2026

Examining The Effects Of Perceived Need, Suicidal Ideation, And Interpersonal Shame On Help-Seeking Attitudes In Asian Pacific Islander Desi Americans, Kristen Jiin Park

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined relationships among suicidal ideation, perceived need for mental health services, interpersonal shame, and help-seeking attitudes in a sample of APIDA adults (N = 175). Guided by Andersen's Socio-behavioral Model of Help- Seeking Behaviors (1968) and the Interpersonal Shame Inventory framework (Wong et al., 2014), the study investigated whether interpersonal shame moderated the relationships between suicidal ideation and help-seeking attitudes, and between perceived need and help-seeking attitudes. Participants completed an online survey assessing demographic and study variables. Results indicated that perceived need and gender were associated with more favorable mental health help-seeking attitudes among APIDA adults. These findings …


Effects Of Ankle Actuation On Stability And Gait Dynamics In Oscillatory Bipedal Walking, Guillermo E. Selva Barrantes Aug 2026

Effects Of Ankle Actuation On Stability And Gait Dynamics In Oscillatory Bipedal Walking, Guillermo E. Selva Barrantes

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bipedal locomotion remains one of the most challenging problems in robotics and biomechanical modeling due to its inherent instability, underactuation, and the complexity of human gait dynamics. This study presents the design and control of a planar bipedal walking model developed to analyze the role of ankle control in achieving stable and human-like walking patterns. Two configurations were investigated: a five-link point-foot model and a seven-link model that incorporates anatomically inspired feet with heel and toe contact points. Both models were formulated using Lagrangian dynamics and integrated with a compliant contact and friction model to reproduce realistic ground interaction forces. …


Msw Portfolio, Aunnika K. Woods Aug 2026

Msw Portfolio, Aunnika K. Woods

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

A professional portfolio displaying a collection of experiences and development throughout my time in the MSW program, documenting growth, challenges, and values.


Msw Portfolio, Aspen Widdicombe Aug 2026

Msw Portfolio, Aspen Widdicombe

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

This portfolio was written by an MSW student where they talk about their practicum experience and how this relates to the MSW Competencies.


Roots And Systems: A Portfolio Of Clinical Growth, Trauma-Informed Care, And Culturally Centered Practice, Sarah Rice Aug 2026

Roots And Systems: A Portfolio Of Clinical Growth, Trauma-Informed Care, And Culturally Centered Practice, Sarah Rice

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

No abstract provided.


Msw Portfolio, Liam A. Sienko Aug 2026

Msw Portfolio, Liam A. Sienko

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

No abstract provided.


The Question As Discipline: A Journey Toward Advanced Integrated Practice, Claire Boonmanop Webb Aug 2026

The Question As Discipline: A Journey Toward Advanced Integrated Practice, Claire Boonmanop Webb

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

No abstract provided.


Sober Curious: A Treatment Manual For A Semi-Structured Interpersonal Process Group Targeting Substance Misuse In Emerging Adults, Annalise G. Floody Aug 2026

Sober Curious: A Treatment Manual For A Semi-Structured Interpersonal Process Group Targeting Substance Misuse In Emerging Adults, Annalise G. Floody

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

This paper presents Sober Curious, an original treatment manual for an eight-session, semi-structured interpersonal process group for emerging adults ages 18–25 with mild-to-moderate substance misuse concerns. This group is designed for university counseling centers and outpatient treatment settings, particularly for individuals who experience substance-related distress, impairment, risk, or ambivalence but may not identify with abstinence-based recovery or formal diagnostic substance use disorder (SUD) language. The manual is grounded in epidemiological data, established substance use treatment guidelines, meta-analytic findings on group psychotherapy and substance use interventions, and the developmental theory of emerging adulthood. Key intervention elements include motivational interviewing (MI) to …


Act And Posttraumatic Growth In Military Veterans: Growth Through Flexibility After Adversity, Andrew J. Moller Aug 2026

Act And Posttraumatic Growth In Military Veterans: Growth Through Flexibility After Adversity, Andrew J. Moller

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

Military veterans are disproportionately exposed to potentially traumatic events across service eras. While much of the clinical and research literature has focused on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and symptom reduction, a growing body of work highlights the possibility of posttraumatic growth (PTG) following adversity. PTG refers to positive psychological changes that may emerge through engagement with traumatic experiences, including enhanced appreciation for life, renewed purpose, personal strength, deepened relationships, and reintegration into community roles. Importantly, PTG does not imply the absence of distress but may coexist alongside ongoing trauma-related symptoms. Understanding processes that facilitate growth alongside suffering may support more …


Clinical Considerations For Black Student Athlete Development, Jahnia Margarita Green Aug 2026

Clinical Considerations For Black Student Athlete Development, Jahnia Margarita Green

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

Black student athletes exemplify the complexity of navigating intersecting identities at pivotal points in their development. They are also more likely to make premature commitments to their athletic identity and in turn suffer from psychological distress during times of transition (Beamon, 2012). The focus on Black collegiate athletes is informed by persistent mental health challenges associated with higher levels of competition or transitions (e.g., injury or retirement) within collegiate athletics (Brewer & Petitpas, 2017; Menke & Germany, 2019). This paper aims to develop culturally informed clinical considerations through the analysis of the Black student athlete experience and structural aspects of …


Trauma Processing And Sleep Inconsistencies In Firefighters: A Proposed Program To Bridge Gaps And Set Heroes Up For Success, Megan Griffin Aug 2026

Trauma Processing And Sleep Inconsistencies In Firefighters: A Proposed Program To Bridge Gaps And Set Heroes Up For Success, Megan Griffin

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

This doctoral paper presents a comprehensive review of the literature supporting the need for an integrated training program addressing sleep disruption, trauma exposure and processing, and substance use as a self-medication strategy among firefighter populations. Drawing on empirical research, the paper examines the prevalence and interaction of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), moral injury, sleep disturbances, and substance use within this occupational group. The introduction provides operational definitions of PTSD and moral injury and synthesizes existing research on trauma exposure, sleep impairment, and substance use functions among firefighters. The literature review also highlights evidence-based, exposure informed interventions to facilitate adaptive trauma …


A Brief Self-Help Intervention For Anxiety And Depressive Symptoms Utilizing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy And Dialectical Behavior Therapy Within Correctional Settings, Genevieve L. Ray Aug 2026

A Brief Self-Help Intervention For Anxiety And Depressive Symptoms Utilizing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy And Dialectical Behavior Therapy Within Correctional Settings, Genevieve L. Ray

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

Individuals within incarcerated settings are far more likely to experience symptoms that meet criteria for a mental health disorder compared to the general population. This population is often underserved due to various financial and resource constraints. Self-help interventions have grown in popularity due to their proven effectiveness and accessibility for consumers, particularly for anxiety and depression symptoms. A self-help intervention for those in a correctional setting would not require extensive additional personnel amid financial constraints and would increase access to care. Many self-help interventions that are currently published apply to the community population, but readily accessible resources that reside in …


Promoting Developmentally Informed Justice: A Developmental Assessment Referral Framework For Juvenile Transfer Decisions, Carly F. Colman Aug 2026

Promoting Developmentally Informed Justice: A Developmental Assessment Referral Framework For Juvenile Transfer Decisions, Carly F. Colman

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

The transfer of youth between juvenile courts and adult courts is one of the most consequential decisions made in the American legal system, as it will influence the youth’s legal outcomes, developmental trajectories, and long-term well-being. Advances in adolescent brain science show that there are many factors associated with youthful offending, including developmental immaturity, susceptibility to external influences, and ongoing neurobiological development—all of which are related to age, rather than being fixed criminal traits. Despite this growing body of evidence, legal decision-making in juvenile transfer and sentencing does not consistently incorporate individualized developmental data. This paper examines the important role …