Digital Commons Network^™

Market Response Time And Performance: The Case Of Exporting Smes, Kamar Abaaoukide

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

Performance remains one of the most widely debated concepts in management sciences, with no universal consensus regarding its definition, determinants, or measurement. Nevertheless, it remains a fundamental criterion for evaluating business success. This study examines the influence of market response time on organizational performance. The empirical investigation was conducted through case studies of two exporting SMEs operating in the textile industry, a sector characterized by intense international competition. The findings highlight the strategic importance of rapid market responsiveness as a key driver of competitiveness and organizational performance in export-oriented businesses.

The Impact Of Big Social Data On Optimizing The Marketing Strategies Of Moroccan Companies: Opportunities And Challenges, Leila Kissi, Hasna Benomar

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

With the rapid growth of social media and the increasing volume of data generated online, Moroccan companies face both significant opportunities and major challenges in leveraging Big Social Data. This exploratory study aims to examine the extent to which Moroccan companies integrate Big Social Data into their marketing strategies while identifying the opportunities they derive from its use and the obstacles they encounter. The findings reveal that, despite maintaining an active presence on social media platforms, the exploitation of Big Social Data remains limited, primarily due to technological complexity and a shortage of specialized skills. In response to these constraints, …

Customer Experience At The Heart Of The Moroccan Banking Revolution, Raja Temnati

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This article examines customer satisfaction with Moroccan banks, particularly in the context of the growing digitalization of banking services. Based on a qualitative survey, it identifies the key factors influencing customer satisfaction, including the performance of online services, the speed of request processing, and the quality of interactions with bank advisors. The findings show that banks offering seamless and secure digital services while maintaining high-quality in-branch customer support achieve higher levels of customer satisfaction, loyalty, and corporate image. Conversely, banks with limited online services, high perceived fees, and inadequate branch service generate greater customer dissatisfaction. The study highlights the importance …

The University In Support Of Small Businesses Through The Recognition Of Entrepreneurs' Professional Experience (Rape) Framework, Mostafa Kharbachi

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This article proposes a framework designed for entrepreneurs who previously operated in the informal sector before formalizing their businesses but who are unable, due to the limited age of their legal enterprises, to qualify for public or private procurement opportunities, as is the case for many micro-enterprises and self-employed entrepreneurs in Morocco. The proposed incentive mechanism, entitled the Recognition of Entrepreneurs' Professional Experience (RAPE), is also intended to support informal micro-enterprises wishing to transition into the formal economy through coaching and professional assistance. The paper presents the principles of this framework, whose implementation requires collaboration between public institutions, private organizations, …

Brand Content: A Strategic Lever For Improving The Marketing Performance Of Service Companies, Leila Kissi

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This article investigates the influence of Brand Content on the marketing performance of service companies operating in increasingly competitive markets, where innovation and differentiation are essential for customer retention. The study examines the extent to which Brand Content serves as a strategic lever for enhancing key marketing variables, including perceived value, customer engagement, perceived service quality, and brand reputation. The findings indicate that Brand Content positively shapes customer perceptions by improving engagement, satisfaction, and loyalty. Furthermore, it plays a significant role in enhancing perceived quality and strengthening brand reputation. Overall, the study demonstrates that Brand Content is a strategic marketing …

Towards An Economy Serving The General Interest, Amina Kchirid

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

The prevailing economic model has faced increasing challenges over recent decades, reflected in recurrent economic crises, widening inequalities, and climate change. The traditional market- and profit-oriented entrepreneurial model developed by large corporations is undergoing profound transformation. Alternative forms of entrepreneurship that integrate social, environmental, and societal dimensions have emerged to enrich the current economic model and create new development opportunities. These approaches place greater emphasis on the common good and collective interest. This article examines the epistemological foundations of these different approaches through a comprehensive literature review and an analysis of models adopted in various countries. It also identifies the …

Impact Of Celebrity Endorsement On The Behavior Of Banking Service Users, Salima Debbarh Mounir, Safaa Idmoussa

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This article examines the impact of advertising campaigns using celebrity endorsement strategies on the behavior of banking service users. The study is based on a qualitative investigation conducted among both customers and non-customers of the selected banking institution. The findings indicate that the presence of celebrities in advertising can effectively capture public attention and significantly enhance brand awareness and recognition. However, celebrity endorsement alone is insufficient to ensure customer loyalty. Service quality and user experience remain the primary determinants of trust and long-term relationships between banks and their customers.

Digital Communication And Corporate E-Reputation In Morocco: Insights From A Case Study, Adil Cherkaoui, Ilham Boughaba, Yasmina Bennis Bennani, Sabah Khaoua

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This article explores the impact of digital communication on the e-reputation of a Moroccan company. Its primary objective is to examine the complex dynamics and challenges associated with digital communication in order to strengthen online visibility and enhance customer engagement. The findings reveal that the company's current digital practices remain at an early stage of development and that significant efforts are required to improve its digital presence and reinforce customer engagement. In particular, the company should adopt a more proactive approach to managing customer feedback and strategically leverage online reviews to enhance its reputation. Furthermore, implementing market segmentation and personalized …

The Adoption Of Ethical Marketing By Moroccan Companies: A Temporary Trend Or A Strategic Challenge?, Hasnaa Benomar

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

To meet consumer expectations and address growing environmental concerns, many companies have adopted ethical marketing policies. These initiatives encourage consumers to associate their purchasing decisions with the support of causes that serve the public interest, thereby enhancing the company's image and reputation. However, have all companies truly recognized the significance of ethical consumption? Is ethical marketing a genuine commitment to respecting people and the environment, or is it primarily a strategic response to changing consumer behavior aimed at gaining a competitive advantage? These questions highlight the need to examine the role of ethical marketing within corporate strategy and to explore …

Hr Marketing: A Strategic Lever In The Face Of Labor Market Uncertainty, Fatima Zahra Alami, Kawtar Bouftass

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

In recent years, organizations have shown growing interest and increasing enthusiasm for Human Resource (HR) Marketing, a new approach to managing human capital within organizations. The human resources department has become a strategic function at the core of the organization, attracting the attention of all stakeholders and facing rising expectations in terms of performance, employee motivation, retention, and long-term organizational sustainability. In this context, human resource managers have increasingly adopted marketing principles and practices to attract prospective employees, facilitate their integration into the organization, and encourage them to remain with the company, particularly high-potential talent who are actively sought after …

Editorial : Innovation For Performance : Different Perspectives, Fatima Zahra Alami, Adil Cherkaoui, Raja Temnati

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

No abstract provided.

The Holy Trinity: Religion Clauses And Education Funding On The Roberts Court, Philip T.K. Daniel, Jeffrey C. Sun

ConLawNOW

The Supreme Court’s trinity of education subsidy cases have created an emergent pattern in education funding cases that extend much further than just emphasizing rules of neutrality and accommodation. These also potentially harm minoritized perspectives and identities by moving far beyond historic doctrinal groundings of separation of church and state. In three key cases all authored by Chief Justice Roberts, Trinity Lutheran Church of Columbia, Inc. v. Comer (2017),  Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue (2020), and Carson v. Makin (2022), the Court in this “Holy Trinity” of decisions moved from a theory of benevolent neutrality to policy abdication, relinquishing …

Book Review: Justice Breyer's Problematic Pragmatism, Mark S. Kende

ConLawNOW

Courts often face difficult questions of statutory interpretation and constitutional interpretation. Various judges take different approaches. This essay reviews the book, Reading the Constitution, Why I Chose Pragmatism Not Textualism, authored by former U.S. Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer, who used methods that were often in the Court minority. Justice Breyer argued in favor of relying on purpose in federal statutory interpretation cases, and in favor of pragmatic balancing in federal constitutional cases. He was anti-formalistic and therefore generally opposed to textualism or originalism. The essay argues that this trade publication, intended for a general audience, has strengths and …

Introduction To Wellspring Volume 4 Issue 1, Andrea Stairs-Davenport, Rebecca Redlon

Wellspring: A Practitioner-Oriented Journal of Literacy and Language Education

No abstract provided.

Experience Gained In Introducing Efficient Fodder Production In Iraq, Manfred Siebert

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Cultivation of fodder plants is one of the most important measures for increasing the agri­cultural production of Iraq. Lucerne, Egyptian clover, maize, sorghum, and barley prosper excellently on the irrigation lands. They pro­duce high fodder yields if the plants are grown on suitable soil, if there is enough irrigation water available, and if the cultivation measures are realized in best quality. Fodder production guarantees sufficient and safe supply of the increasing stocks of cattle and sheep with green fodder, hay, and silage throughout the year, and contributes to improving the fertility of the soils of Iraq which are extremely poor …

Trials On The Improvement Of Deteriorated Natural Pastures In The Sahel Of Upper Volta, Bernard Toutain

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Overstocking and the recent drought have led to a severe deterioration of some Sahelian rangelands of Upper Volta, leading to a more or less acute disappearance of grazable vege­tation. Partial protection improves pastures located on the more fertile soils. On the poorer soils, light techniques such as harrowing and superficial tillage of the soil were tried with success, but yield improvement remained slight.

Problems And Possibilities Of Continuous Forage Production In Arid Subtropical Regions, Horst Patzold

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The low animal performance and stocking rate in arid subtropical regions mainly depend on the discontinuity of forage production. In winter-raining steppes of North Africa, the cultivation or sod-seeding of adapted grasses, especially for forage production in the dry season. (summer), is recommended. For the dry savannas of West Africa with summer­raining, proposals are made for three different stages depending on the intensity of land use. They include a better use of grazing areas by transhumance, proposals for a ranching system, especially for meat production, and possibil­ities for milk production by stabling of cattle, including forage production under irrigation.

Ecqnomics Of Nitrogen Fertilization Of Native And Introduced Grasslands In The Intermountain Area Of The United States, John P. Workman

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

While numerous studies have shown that live­stock forage can be significantly increased by grassland fertilization, there is little mention in the literature of the economic considera­tions of this management practice. A Utah State University study was conducted to help alleviate this research deficiency. Forage pro­duction response of several Utah grassland sites to nitrogen fertilization was subjected to marginal economic analysis. When fertilized forage was harvested as hay, nitrogen appli­cation proved to be a profitable practice on semi-wet meadow and mountain loam sites. When valued as forage to be grazed directly by livestock, production increases due to fer­tilization were unprofitable. Significant …

Weed Control-Revegetation Systems, Raymond A. Evans, James A. Young

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Chemical weed control systems integrating 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid] or picloram ( 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) spraying for brush control and atrazine[2-chloro-4-( ethylamino-6-isopropylamino )-s-tria­zine] for Bromus tectorum L. control were investigated in a series of rangeland commu­nities. Applications of both weed control tech­nique greatly enhanced seedling growth and increased yield of perennial grasses seeded the year after the fallow. Available soil moisture during the growing period of the fallow and seedling years because of decreased weed com­petition was the major factor for the better stands of perennial grass from herbicidal weed control systems.

Some Effects Of Treading By Sheep On Pastures Of The Mediterranean Climatic Zone Of South Australia, Edwards D. Carter, Thambiappah Sivalingam

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In a treading experiment on a red brown earth soil at the Waite Agricultural Research Insti­tute in South Australia, various combinations of treading intensity (0, 12.5, 25 and 50 sheep equivalents per hectare) and treading frequency (0, 7, 14 and 28 days) reduced the establish­ment and productivity of subterranean clover, annual ryegrass and a mixture of these two species. With increasing intensity of treading, soil bulk density increased under the clover swards but not under the grass and mixture swards where apparently the ryegrass provided a cush­ioning effect between hoof and soil. Soil moisture percentage decreased with increasing intensity of …

Farmer Usage Of Annual Medics In A Ley Farming Area In South Australia, Murray V. Smith

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A survey of farmers in a ley farming ( cereal­livestock) area of South Australia with natu­ralized annual medics (Medicago spp.) showed a great potential for improved usage of annual medics in their farming systems. Most effective medic users expected dominant medic pastures 6 or more years in 10, whereas less effective medic utilizers expected dominant medic pas­tures 5 or less years in 10. Nearly 50% of farm­ers had not sown any medic seed over the last 10 years. While most of these had less effective medic use there were several examples of more effective use with no or minimal medic …

Persistence Of Perennial Ryegrass Under Grazing In A Mediterranean-Type Environment Of South Australia, P R. Gibson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Pastures were continuously grazed by sheep for four years at six stocking rates on the Kan­garoo Island Research Centre, South Australia. Changes in botanical composition in a reno­vated pasture sown to Lolium perenne cv. Vic­torian and subterranean clover (Trifolium sub­terraneum) cvv. Mt. Barker and Woogenellup, are discussed in relation to the replacement of the oestrogenically-potent subterranean clo­ver cv. Yarloop. There was a consistent within-year and be­tween-year decline in the perennial ryegrass component and this was associated with con­current invasion by vigorous, exotic, annual species mainly of Mediterranean origin. The lack of persistence of the perennial ryegrass indicates little …

Optimal Combinations Off Our Large Herbivores For Short Grass Prairie, George M. Van Dyne

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Diets of four large herbivores grazing together on a shortgrass prairie rangeland were studied. Cattle and bison consumed mainly grasses; sheep and antelope consumed mainly forbs. To maximize forage use, optimal grazing deter­mined by nonlinear programming would be 67, 20, 12, and I% of the forage grazed to be taken by cattle, bison, sheep, and antelope, respectively. Historically, this range has been grazed primarily by cattle. This study suggests more animal production could be attained with a mixture of herbivore species.

Improving Production From Arid Rangelands Of The South-Western United States, Carlton H. Herbel, Robert P. Gibbens, John M. Tromble

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Three methods of several possibilities are dis­cussed for improving production from arid rangelands. Sandy lands infested with mes­quite can be improved by aerially spraying with 2,4,5-T. Natural recovery of perennial grasses,_ primarily mesa dropseed, following spraying resulted in 204 kg/ha herbage compared to 33 kg/ha on the adjacent unsprayed area. An area infested with creosotebush was root-plowed and seeded. Herbage production in 1975 was 1,631 kg/ha, primarily Lehmann and Boer lovegrass. Cattle production was increased by cross­breeding Herefords with either Brangus or Santa Gertrudis. The weaning weights of Santa Gertrudis calves were heavier than calves from the other two breeds, …

Management Of Ephemeral Ranges In The Western United States, Kay W. Wilkes

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In using ephemeral range procedures, several aspects have come into focus:

(1) We have found that completion of our intricate multiple-use planning procedures gives us a much clearer picture of the many desert resource values and conflicts and the effects of "just letting the livestock go when the feed comes."

(2) There are a number of problems in taking sound ecological data and attempting to fit it in with other management needs in an allotment management plan, for example, off-road vehicle use on the desert, wild burros, and desert wildlife.

(3) We lack adequate information on the ephemeral and ephemeral-perennial …

Aid To Rangeland Management. Mechanical Type Conversion Of Woodland Areas, William Gordon Leavell

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Efficient land utilization is essential to meet the growing requirements of an expanding population. The large low-producing pinyon­juniper woodland of the United States offers potential for increased production to meet additional livestock, wildlife, and watershed needs. Through a multiple-use planning pro­cess which determines areas suitable for in­creasing production by mechanical conversion of vegetative types and an environmental anal­ysis procedure which determines the benefits and adverse impacts of such actions, decisions can be made to undertake treatment in an environmentally acceptable manner. The Bureau of Land Management has me­chanically converted over 200,000 hectares of pinyon-juniper to a more diversified and pro­ductive …

Grassland Site Types Of The North Mongolian Forest Steppe Zone And Possibilities Of Intensification, K Kloss, M Succow

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Five grassland site types are distinguished: Chestnut soils are covered with natural forb or grass steppes producing 0.1 to 1.0 t DM/ha at less than 300 mm annual precipitation. They should be exclusively used for winter grazing. At higher precipitations, these soils will tum into permafrost soils. They bear mountain herbage vegetation as forest substitute asso­ciations. Productivity amounts to 4 t/ha. Mow­ing and/or grazing are possible. Fertilization seems to be profitable. Between grass steppes and mountain herbage lands we find extended meadow steppes located on shallow chemo­zems. Old, intensively grazed pastures in the lowlands have become depleted in nutrients. Nitrogen …

A Study Of The Improvement Of Dry-Land Ranges Developed Under The Ecological Conditions Of Erzurum (Eastern Anatolia), F Tosun, I Manga, M Altin, Y Serin

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The study described in the paper was con­ducted to determine a suitable range improve­ment method under dry conditions in Erzurum, Turkey. Four treatments, i.e. control, broad­casting, and two artificial pasture establish­ments, were applied in the experiment, and the following results were obtained:

(a) Absence of good seedbeed preparation, and the occurrence of heavy competition from the native vegetation resulted in the failure of broadcasting. The additional profit for this treatment over control was negative.

(b) Artificial pasture establishment was the most successful method due to good seed­bed preparation and elimination of the competition coming from the native vege­tation.

(c) About …

Establishment And Permanent Use Of Cultivated Pastures In The Foothill Regions Of Turkmenia, S Ya Prikhodko, N D. Prikhodko

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The results of long-term experiments are re­ported. The following promising plant species were chosen for pasture establishment: Hal­oxylon persicum, H. aphyllum, Salsala paletz­kiana, S. richteri, Aellenia subaphylla, Artemisia badhysi, Kochia prostrata. These species of different forms of life were sown in mixture. Under conditions of cultivation, a great part of the plant species reached the generative stage in the 1st or 2nd years of life. At the age of 3 to 5 years, the shrubs reached a height of 160 to 400 cm, the semi-shrubs a height of 45 to 75 cm. The forage yield was 1.5 to 4.5 t/ha, …

Improvement Of Solonetz Soils In Kazakhstan For The Cultivation Of Grassland Plants, K A. Baitkanov

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Extensive areas of Kazakhstan require various improvement measures aiming at the develop­ment of solonetz soils for the cultivation of grassland plants. Forage and meadow plants such as barley (Hordeum), melilot (Melilotus), mixtures containing melilot and wheat grass (Agropyron), as well as mixtures mainly com­posed of grasses, i.e. wheat grass and smooth brome grass (Bromus inermis), proved highly salt-tolerant. Representatives of pasture plants such as Russian wild rye (Elymus) and grass mixtures ensure satisfactory yields on all kinds of solonetz soils having different degrees of salinity and alkalinity.